FR2935547B1 - Electrolytes liquides ioniques et dispositifs electrochimiques tels que des accumulateurs les comprenant. - Google Patents
Electrolytes liquides ioniques et dispositifs electrochimiques tels que des accumulateurs les comprenant.Info
- Publication number
- FR2935547B1 FR2935547B1 FR0855805A FR0855805A FR2935547B1 FR 2935547 B1 FR2935547 B1 FR 2935547B1 FR 0855805 A FR0855805 A FR 0855805A FR 0855805 A FR0855805 A FR 0855805A FR 2935547 B1 FR2935547 B1 FR 2935547B1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- ionic liquid
- accumulators
- same
- electrochemical devices
- liquid electrolytes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/002—Inorganic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0022—Room temperature molten salts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0088—Composites
- H01M2300/0091—Composites in the form of mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/109—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure of button or coin shape
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un électrolyte liquide ionique comprenant au moins un liquide ionique de formule C+A- où C+ représente un cation et A- représente un anion, et au moins un sel conducteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un additif organique qui est le carbonate de vinyléthylène (VEC). Système électrochimique et accumulateur électrochimique, en particulier accumulateur au lithium tel qu'une pile bouton, comprenant cet électrolyte.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0855805A FR2935547B1 (fr) | 2008-08-29 | 2008-08-29 | Electrolytes liquides ioniques et dispositifs electrochimiques tels que des accumulateurs les comprenant. |
| PCT/EP2009/060884 WO2010023185A1 (fr) | 2008-08-29 | 2009-08-24 | Accumulateurs rechargeables lithium ion comprenant un électrolyte liquide ionique |
| JP2011524350A JP5734188B2 (ja) | 2008-08-29 | 2009-08-24 | イオン性液体電解質を含むリチウムイオンの再充電可能な蓄電池 |
| CN200980133716.6A CN102138235B (zh) | 2008-08-29 | 2009-08-24 | 包含离子液体电解质的锂离子可再充电蓄电池 |
| US13/061,113 US20110206979A1 (en) | 2008-08-29 | 2009-08-24 | Lithium-ion rechargeable accumulators including an ionic liquid electrolyte |
| EP09809330.5A EP2321866B1 (fr) | 2008-08-29 | 2009-08-24 | Accumulateurs rechargeables lithium ion comprenant un électrolyte liquide ionique |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0855805A FR2935547B1 (fr) | 2008-08-29 | 2008-08-29 | Electrolytes liquides ioniques et dispositifs electrochimiques tels que des accumulateurs les comprenant. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2935547A1 FR2935547A1 (fr) | 2010-03-05 |
| FR2935547B1 true FR2935547B1 (fr) | 2011-03-25 |
Family
ID=40206441
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0855805A Expired - Fee Related FR2935547B1 (fr) | 2008-08-29 | 2008-08-29 | Electrolytes liquides ioniques et dispositifs electrochimiques tels que des accumulateurs les comprenant. |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110206979A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2321866B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP5734188B2 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN102138235B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2935547B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2010023185A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (48)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5595294B2 (ja) * | 2010-01-22 | 2014-09-24 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 蓄電デバイスの電解液用添加剤およびこれを含む電解液 |
| FR2963481A1 (fr) | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-03 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Membrane minerale a electrolyte pour dispositifs electrochimiques, et dispositifs electrochimiques la comprenant. |
| FR2966981B1 (fr) * | 2010-11-02 | 2013-01-25 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Accumulateur au lithium comportant un electrolyte liquide ionique |
| JP2012216419A (ja) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-11-08 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 蓄電デバイス |
| AU2012270250B2 (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2016-07-21 | Blue Solutions | Method for assembling a hybrid lithium supercapacitor |
| CN103130778B (zh) * | 2011-12-01 | 2016-02-10 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 含碳酸酯基团的吡嗪类离子液体及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN103130779B (zh) * | 2011-12-01 | 2015-08-05 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 含碳酸酯基团的马来酰亚胺类离子液体及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN103130776A (zh) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-05 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 含碳酸酯基团的咪唑类离子液体及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN103130777A (zh) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-05 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 含碳酸酯基团的吡啶类离子液体及其制备方法和应用 |
| FR2983466B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-06 | 2014-08-08 | Arkema France | Utilisation de melanges de sels de lithium comme electrolytes de batteries li-ion |
| DE102012105377B4 (de) * | 2012-06-20 | 2018-11-15 | Jacobs University Bremen Ggmbh | 1,2,4-thiadiazinan-3,5-dion-1,1-dioxid-derivate, deren herstellung und verwendung |
| JP2015037024A (ja) * | 2013-08-12 | 2015-02-23 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池、充放電システムおよび充放電方法 |
| CN103858268A (zh) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-06-11 | 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 | 一种锂电池用电解液及使用该电解液的锂电池 |
| KR102448135B1 (ko) * | 2014-03-24 | 2022-09-28 | 코넬 유니버시티 | 금속 기반 배터리의 덴드라이트 억제 전해질 |
| CN103928703A (zh) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-16 | 南开大学 | 用于锂硫电池的电解液及其构成的锂硫电池 |
| PL3133669T3 (pl) * | 2014-10-07 | 2020-04-30 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Moduł akumulatorowy mający poprawione bezpieczeństwo i czas eksploatacji |
| WO2016070120A1 (fr) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-05-06 | The Regents Of The University Of Colorado, A Body Corporate | Batteries au lithium-ion à interface stable liquide ionique-silicium |
| KR102379565B1 (ko) | 2014-12-22 | 2022-03-29 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 구비한 리튬 이차전지 |
| EP3353844B1 (fr) | 2015-03-27 | 2022-05-11 | Mason K. Harrup | Solvants entièrement inorganiques pour électrolytes |
| KR102587533B1 (ko) | 2015-09-15 | 2023-10-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 이차 전지용 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 이차 전지 |
| KR102127055B1 (ko) * | 2015-09-24 | 2020-06-26 | 주식회사 메디포럼제약 | 레독스흐름전지용 전해액을 위한 알킬기 치환된 이온성 액체 제조방법 |
| GB2544775B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2021-07-21 | Zapgo Ltd | Portable electronic device |
| US10658701B2 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2020-05-19 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Storage battery, battery control unit, and electronic device |
| JP2017182946A (ja) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-05 | Tdk株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用電解液およびこれを備えるリチウム二次電池 |
| CA3019132A1 (fr) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | NOHMs Technologies, Inc. | Liquides ioniques modifies contenant du phosphore |
| FR3052598B1 (fr) * | 2016-06-10 | 2018-06-01 | Universite De Rennes 1 | Utilisation de liquides ioniques comme adjuvant en electrochimie |
| US10707531B1 (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2020-07-07 | New Dominion Enterprises Inc. | All-inorganic solvents for electrolytes |
| FR3064403B1 (fr) * | 2017-03-23 | 2019-05-03 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Nouveaux electrolytes a base de liquides ioniques utilisables pour des dispositifs de stockage electrochimique |
| KR102816969B1 (ko) | 2017-03-27 | 2025-06-10 | 하이드로-퀘벡 | 전해질 조성물에서 또는 전극 첨가제로서 사용하기 위한 염 |
| WO2019018432A1 (fr) | 2017-07-17 | 2019-01-24 | NOHMs Technologies, Inc. | Électrolytes contenant du phosphore |
| CN107959051B (zh) * | 2017-11-16 | 2020-09-08 | 中节能万润股份有限公司 | 一种改善锂离子电池高温电化学性能的非水电解液 |
| KR102259744B1 (ko) | 2018-03-06 | 2021-06-02 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 비수 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
| US20210184209A1 (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2021-06-17 | Hydro-Quebec | Coated lithium ion rechargeable battery active materials |
| CA3109523A1 (fr) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-05 | Hydro-Quebec | Batterie rechargeable avec electrolyte liquide ionique et pression d'electrode |
| CA3109525A1 (fr) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-05 | Hydro-Quebec | Materiaux actifs de batterie rechargeable au lithium-ion revetus |
| KR20210069106A (ko) * | 2018-10-09 | 2021-06-10 | 더 리젠츠 오브 더 유니버시티 오브 콜로라도, 어 바디 코포레이트 | 리튬-이온 배터리에서 이온성 액체 전해질의 성능을 개선하는 방법 |
| CN111224163B (zh) * | 2018-11-27 | 2022-02-22 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 电解质组合物及包含其的金属离子电池 |
| US20200220223A1 (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2020-07-09 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Ionic liquid electrolytes for high voltage battery application |
| WO2020182292A1 (fr) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-17 | Toyota Motor Europe | Électrolyte stable basé sur un liquide ionique fluoré et son utilisation dans des batteries lithium-air à débit de courant élevé |
| CN112259790A (zh) * | 2019-07-22 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | 一种含fsi-和tfsi-双阴离子高浓度电解液及其应用 |
| CN114106047B (zh) * | 2021-11-24 | 2024-01-26 | 中节能万润股份有限公司 | 一种含膦异氰酸酯类电解液添加剂及其应用 |
| CN114221023B (zh) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-10-20 | 苏州大学 | 用于吸附锂电池电解液中水并消除氢氟酸的离子液体、锂电池电解质和锂电池 |
| CN114551997B (zh) * | 2022-01-25 | 2024-06-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种全固态电解质的制备方法及应用 |
| JP7726565B2 (ja) * | 2022-03-08 | 2025-08-20 | TeraWatt Technology株式会社 | リチウム2次電池 |
| CN115172880B (zh) * | 2022-08-22 | 2026-03-10 | 河南省鹏辉电源有限公司 | 一种非水电解液及锂离子电池 |
| WO2025097296A1 (fr) | 2023-11-07 | 2025-05-15 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Compositions de broyage contenant des dérivés de pipérazine |
| WO2025097293A1 (fr) | 2023-11-07 | 2025-05-15 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Compositions pour cathode contenant des dérivés de pipérazine |
| CN118800909B (zh) * | 2024-06-17 | 2025-05-27 | 高能时代(深圳)新能源科技有限公司 | 一种复合导电剂及其制备方法与应用 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100652284B1 (ko) * | 2001-10-26 | 2006-11-30 | 가부시끼가이샤 도시바 | 비수전해질 및 비수전해질 이차전지 |
| JP2003229172A (ja) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-08-15 | Sony Corp | 非水電解質電池 |
| JP2004146346A (ja) * | 2002-08-28 | 2004-05-20 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | 非水電解質および非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2004185865A (ja) * | 2002-11-29 | 2004-07-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | リチウムイオン電池とその製造方法と負極構造体 |
| US20050231891A1 (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2005-10-20 | Harvey Troy A | High energy-density electric double-layer capacitor and energy generation systems thereof |
| JP4830279B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-14 | 2011-12-07 | パナソニック株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP4529634B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-22 | 2010-08-25 | パナソニック株式会社 | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
| US20090130565A1 (en) * | 2005-07-19 | 2009-05-21 | Tooru Matsui | Non-aqueous electrolyte and electrochemical energy storage device using the same |
| JP5165862B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-19 | 2013-03-21 | パナソニック株式会社 | 非水電解液およびそれを用いた電気化学エネルギー蓄積デバイス |
| US7541492B2 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2009-06-02 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Perfluoroalkanesulfonamide compounds |
| JP5032773B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-03 | 2012-09-26 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | イオン性液体を用いたリチウム二次電池 |
| JP5645260B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-19 | 2014-12-24 | 日本電気株式会社 | 二次電池 |
-
2008
- 2008-08-29 FR FR0855805A patent/FR2935547B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-08-24 EP EP09809330.5A patent/EP2321866B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-08-24 US US13/061,113 patent/US20110206979A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-08-24 CN CN200980133716.6A patent/CN102138235B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-08-24 WO PCT/EP2009/060884 patent/WO2010023185A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2009-08-24 JP JP2011524350A patent/JP5734188B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110206979A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
| EP2321866A1 (fr) | 2011-05-18 |
| WO2010023185A1 (fr) | 2010-03-04 |
| JP2012501060A (ja) | 2012-01-12 |
| EP2321866B1 (fr) | 2015-04-01 |
| JP5734188B2 (ja) | 2015-06-17 |
| CN102138235B (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
| FR2935547A1 (fr) | 2010-03-05 |
| CN102138235A (zh) | 2011-07-27 |
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