FR2912073A1 - METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISASSEMBLING WORK EQUIPMENT IN MULTI-ROLL PLANER - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for dismantling the straightening assemblies (1, 1') of a machine for straightening a flat object, comprising a lower assembly (1') and an upper assembly (1) each forming a removable cartridge. According to the invention, the two straightening assemblies (1, 1') are removed from the frame separately as follows: the couplings (14') of the lower extension bars (36') are locked at a first level (H1), the lower cartridge (1') is removed by axially sliding same onto a withdrawal platform (4), and the lower cartridge (1') is conveyed into a maintenance position; a dismantling carriage (5) supporting the upper carriage (1) is deposited on the withdrawal platform (4)and inserted into the frame (3); the couplings (14) of the upper extension bars (36) are locked at a second level (H2), the upper carriage (1) is unlocked, the pressure frame (34) is raised and the carriage (5) supporting the upper carriage (1) is withdrawn onto the withdrawal platform (4), whereafter the upper carriage (1) is conveyed into a maintenance position.

Description

The subject of the invention is a method and a device for dismounting

  planing crews in a planer of flat products such as strips or metal plates. For planing flat products, in particular strips or rolled metal sheets, it is common practice to use a so-called multi-roll planer comprising two planing equipments placed respectively above and below a rolling plane. the strip and each carrying a plurality of parallel-axis rollers which are offset in the running direction to interlock by determining an undulating path of the web which is thus subjected to tensile-bending effects in alternate directions. Such planers are known for a long time and described in many documents. In general, each leveling unit, respectively lower or upper, comprises a plurality of rollers with parallel axes which normally have a reduced diameter and are therefore supported by at least two support rollers which can themselves take support on rows of rollers, all of these rollers and rollers being assembled on a frame.

  These two planing crews, placed respectively below and above a horizontal plane of travel of the strip, are placed in a support frame comprising two amounts spaced apart on either side of the longitudinal axis of scrolling. of the band, secured at their lower part by a fixed bed base and at their upper part by transverse beams, the assembly forming a closed frame. The lower crew is supported on the fixed bed and the upper crew is supported on a pressure frame which can be moved vertically by means of mechanical or hydraulic jacks resting on the upper part of the frame, so as to adjust the spacing the two planing crews and, therefore, the nesting of the rollers, taking up the spacing forces due to the strength of the product. Usually, at least a portion of the leveling rollers are rotated about their axes in order to advance the web by friction at a determined speed, following a corrugated path between the lower and upper rollers.

  This results in wear of the leveling rollers which must be periodically replaced by new rollers. During this operation, the machine must be stopped and, to reduce this downtime, each of the two planing crews, respectively lower or higher, may be removed as a block from the machine and replaced immediately by a crew carrying new rollers or at least, rectified, the used crew being transported to a workshop or, simply, a maintenance zone, where the various necessary maintenance operations are carried out. Conventionally, each planing unit forms a cassette removably attached to the bottom bed or the pressure frame, respectively, so that it can be removed from the frame and replaced by another cassette carrying a new crew. Moreover, it is interesting to simultaneously remove the two planing crews, the chassis of the upper crew coming to rest on that of the lower crew by means of wedges to prevent contact between the rollers. All of the two crews can then be removed from the support frame by rolling the lower crew on rails orthogonal to the scroll axis. However, in another arrangement described, for example, in DE-A-2 131 739, the two leveling crews are removed separately by rolling each on transverse rails, so as to be placed on a support cradle placed next to the machine and can occupy two levels, respectively, a high level to receive the upper crew and a low level to receive the lower crew.

  On the other hand, as indicated above, at least a portion of the planing rollers must be rotated about their axes, so as to advance the product, by friction, at a determined speed along a corrugated path that causes planing by tensile-bending effects in alternate directions.

  For this purpose, the drive device placed on one side of the machine, comprises one or more motors driving one or more speed reducers which actuate at the required speed one or more gear boxes distributing the rotational torques to the various rollers of respectively lower and upper working, via connected lower and upper extensions, on one side to the outputs of the gear box and, on the other side, to the end journals of the leveling rollers, by Cardan connecting members for varying the level, at least of the upper rollers for adjusting the nesting. To allow disassembly of planing crews, each end of a roller must be connected to the corresponding extension by a removable coupling member. For example, in the arrangement of DE-A-2 131 739, each extension is connected to the end of the corresponding roller by a Cardan connection comprising a clutch coupling member consisting of two conjugate parts formed in recess and in protruding and releasably connected by engaging one into the other. In such an arrangement, for disassembly of the upper crew, the upper extensions must be uncoupled and come to rest on the lower extensions. For reassembly, after replacing the upper unit on the pressure frame, lift the top extensions to the corresponding rollers and make the couplings. Such operations are quite difficult and normally should be done manually, which is relatively dangerous, given the nature of the machine and the dimensions of the parts to handle. Similarly, in the case where the upper crew comes to rest on the lower crew for their simultaneous withdrawal, must be interposed, between the chassis of the two crews, wedges or candles that must be set up by operators.

  Furthermore, in the case of an installation of the type described in document DE-A-2 131 739, operators must also intervene in the immediate vicinity of the machine in order to set up the disassembly cradle at a high level or low for disassembly of the upper or lower crew.

  Finally, it is still necessary to ensure the removable attachment of the upper crew on the pressure frame. In the case of document DE-A-2 131 739, the attachment of the upper crew to the pressure frame is carried out by means of hooks whose rotation can be controlled remotely but such a method of attachment is not absolutely necessary. sure, the hooks can slide.

  In another arrangement described, for example, in document DE-A-197 05 457, the frame of the upper crew is fixed on the pressure frame by bolts pivotally mounted about horizontal axes and each carrying a nut which is tightened with compression setting of elastic washers. Such a provision involves, again, the intervention of an operator in the immediate vicinity of the machine, for the establishment and tightening of the bolts. The invention provides a solution to these various problems with a new method for disassembly and reassembly of planing crews, respectively upper and lower, with simple means that can be controlled remotely and, even automated, in avoiding, as much as possible, the intervention of an operator near the machine. The invention also covers novel arrangements for carrying out this process. The invention therefore applies, in a general manner, to the disassembly and reassembly of planing crews of a planing machine of a flat product comprising: means for controlling the movement of the product along a longitudinal axis, along a running plane, - a fixed support frame having two amounts spaced apart on either side of the longitudinal axis, between which is mounted vertically sliding a pressure frame, - two planing crews, respectively a lower crew 25 bearing on a fixed bed base and an upper crew bearing on the pressure frame, each leveling unit forming a cassette having a plurality of spaced rollers, rotatably mounted on a frame about axes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis for scrolling, - means for removably fixing the chassis of the upper crew 30 on the pressure frame, - means for vertical displacement of the pressure frame for adjustment of a nesting of the rolls of the two crews, - means for driving the rollers in rotation, placed on one side of the frame and connected to at least some of the rollers by an extension having a first end driven in rotation and a second end provided with a detachable coupling member with a driving end of the roller, said extensions being arranged on two levels, respectively a lower level of coupling with the rollers of the lower crew and an upper level of coupling with the rollers of the upper crew, means for disassembly of planing crews by moving each cassette, perpendicular to the axis of travel, between a working position inside the frame and a retracted position laterally spaced on a side of the frame opposite the drive side.

  According to the invention, the two planing crews are removed separately from the frame by following the following operations: - locking of the coupling ends of all lower extensions to a first level of disassembly of the lower crew, - withdrawal of the bottom cassette by sliding at a constant level, perpendicular to the axis of travel, to a withdrawal platform placed on one side of the frame opposite to the driving side, -transport of the lower cassette towards a position d maintenance, removal of a dismounting carriage on the withdrawal platform, insertion of the dismounting carriage into the frame by sliding at a constant level perpendicular to the axis of movement, removal of the upper cassette on the dismantling carriage, by lowering the pressure frame, - locking the coupling ends of the upper extensions to a second dismantling level of the upper crew the opening of the removable means for fixing the upper cassette on the pressure frame, - lifting of the pressure frame, - removal of the upper cassette by sliding the dismounting carriage at a constant level, perpendicular to the scroll axis , to the withdrawal platform, - placing the upper cassette in a maintenance position.

  Particularly advantageously, after maintenance or replacement, the planing crews are placed in the frame as follows: - removal of a new upper cassette on the disassembly carriage placed on the withdrawal platform, - introduction of the upper cassette in the frame by transverse sliding, at a constant level, of the dismounting carriage, with engagement of the driving ends of the upper rollers on the coupling members of the upper extensions locked at the second disassembly level, - closing of the means Removable fixing of the upper cassette on the pressure frame, - release of the upper extensions, - lifting of the pressure frame with the upper cassette and the upper extensions, removal of the dismounting carriage by transverse sliding to the platform of removal, - removal of the disassembly trolley from the withdrawal platform, - removal of a new bottom plate on the withdrawal platform, - introduction of the lower cassette into the frame, by transverse sliding at a constant level, with engagement of the driving ends of the lower rollers, on the coupling members of the lower extensions, locked at first level of disassembly.

  In known manner, the bed base and the withdrawal platform are provided with aligned guide rails, orthogonal to the axis of travel, for the constant level sliding, respectively of the lower cassette and the disassembly carriage. In a preferred embodiment, the locking of the extensions, respectively upper and lower, for the disassembly of planing crews, is carried out as follows: -suction of a lower rail to contact with all extensions lower for the management of these, - establishment of an intermediate cross over the lower extensions, clamping the coupling ends of the lower extensions between the lower cross member and the intermediate cross member for blocking said lower extensions at a first disassembly level, - lowering of the upper cassette on the dismounting carriage, - bringing the intermediate web into contact with the coupling ends of the upper extensions, - lowering of an upper crossmember until contact with the coupling ends of the upper extensions, - clamping said upper coupling ends between the intermediate crossbar and the upper crossbar for locking the extensions greater than a second level of disassembly. According to another preferred feature, after contacting the lower cross member with the ends of the lower extensions, at a first level of disassembly of the lower cassette, the position of the lower cross member corresponding to this first level is located, the set of the lower crossbar with the ends of the lower extensions and the intermediate cross member, is raised to the contact of the intermediate cross member with the ends of the upper extensions, to a second level of disassembly of the upper cassette resting on the dismounting carriage and, after reassembly of the upper cassette with engagement of the coupling members greater than the second disassembly level, the entire lower crossbar with the ends of the lower extensions and the intermediate cross member is returned by moving the lower cross member to the first level of disassembly previously identified, for the e reassembly of the lower cassette on the bed base, with engagement of the lower coupling ends. The invention also covers a device for dismounting the planing crews of a planing machine for a flat product comprising: means for controlling the movement of the product along a longitudinal axis, along a scrolling plane; a fixed support frame having two amounts spaced apart on either side of the longitudinal axis, - two planing crews, respectively a lower crew bearing on a fixed bed base and an upper crew resting on a pressure frame, each planing member forming a cassette having a plurality of spaced rollers rotatably mounted on a frame about axes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of travel; means for removably attaching the frame of the upper crew to the pressure frame; means for vertically moving the pressure frame for adjusting a nesting of the rolls of the two crews; means for driving the rolls in rotation; x, placed on one side of the frame and connected to each of the rollers by an extension having a first end rotated and a second end provided with a removable coupling member with a drive end of the roller, said extensions being arranged on two levels, respectively a lower level of coupling with each of the rollers of the lower crew and a higher level of coupling with each of the rollers of the upper crew, - means of dismounting the two crews of planing by displacement of each cassette, perpendicular to the axis of travel, between a working position inside the frame and a retracted position retracted laterally on one side of the frame opposite the drive side.

  According to the invention the device comprises: - a withdrawal platform disposed on the side of the frame opposite the drive side and on which is formed a first guide path aligned with a second guide path formed on the bed base, said first and second guideways being orthogonal to the axis of movement, - a dismounting carriage, capable of being placed on the withdrawal platform instead of the lower cassette and movable by sliding at a constant level on the second then the first guide path aligned, so as to engage the bed frame inside the frame, said carriage having means for taking charge of the upper cassette after opening the removable means for fixing it on the pressure frame, means for locking the coupling ends of the lower extensions to a first level of disassembly of the lower cassette, means for blocking the ends s coupling upper extensions at a second level of dismantling of the upper cartridge resting on the dismantling carriage. In a preferred embodiment, the locking means of the coupling ends of the lower and upper extensions comprise two plates, respectively lower and upper, extending transversely to the axes of the rollers respectively below and above the scrolling plane. of the product and mounted vertically sliding on the drive side of the support frame and an intermediate plate placed substantially at the level of the product scroll plane and movable between a locking position for which said intermediate plate extends transversely to the axes of the rollers and a laterally spaced position, means for vertically moving the lower plate for the support and tightening of the coupling ends of the lower extensions between said lower plate and the intermediate plate and means for vertical displacement of the upper plate for gripping. in charge and the tight age of the coupling ends of the upper extensions between said upper plate and the intermediate plate.

  Advantageously, the vertical displacement means of the lower plate are cylinders, preferably mechanical, supported on the bed base. According to another preferred feature, the intermediate plate comprises two pivotally mounted portions, respectively, on two pivots placed on either side of the axis of movement of the product and means for controlling the pivoting of the two parts between a spaced apart position and a locking position for which the two parts of the intermediate plate are aligned transversely to the direction of travel, so as to form a single plate.

  According to another preferred feature, the vertical displacement means of the upper plate comprise two pairs of hydraulic cylinders respectively placed on each side of the axis of movement of the product and each having two cylinders extending in opposite directions, respectively a lower cylinder having a body fixed on a support piece of the intermediate plate and a rod bearing on one end of the lower plate, and an upper cylinder having a body fixed on the support piece of the intermediate plate and a rod bearing on one end the upper plate, the lower cylinders for clamping the ends of the lower extensions between the intermediate plate and the lower plate and the upper cylinders for clamping the upper plate on the ends of the upper extensions held by the intermediate plate and the lower plate. According to another preferred feature, the disassembly device comprises a single means of displacement transverse to the scroll axis, which can be fixed removably, either on the lower cassette or on the disassembly carriage. Furthermore, in a particularly advantageous manner, the means for removably fixing the frame of the upper crew on the pressure frame comprise at least two hooks rotatably mounted on the pressure frame, each around a horizontal axis of pivoting, between a spaced position setting up the upper crew below the pressure frame and a hooking position for which each hook is placed below a hooking pad of the frame of the upper crew and the means for controlling the pivoting of the hooks from the separated position to the hooking position, said pivoting means determining, at the end of the pivoting, a slight raising of the horizontal pivot axis and the end of the hook for clamping the chassis of the upper crew against the underside of the pressure frame. Preferably, each hook pivots about an upper axis mounted to slide vertically on the pressure frame and the means for controlling the pivoting of each hook comprise a jack having a first element bearing on the pressure frame and a second element bearing on one end of an angled lever rotatably mounted at its other end, on the pressure frame and hinged about a central axis on the hook, so as to determine, by rotation of the lever, the pivoting of the hook with the lifting of the upper pivot axis to a latching position for which the upper axis, the central axis and the lower axis are substantially aligned with a bracing effect along a line passing through the latching stud after passage, below this, of the end of the hook, the latter advantageously comprising a support piece slidably mounted along an axis directed towards the upper articulat axis ion of the hook and a compression spring interposed between the end of the hook and an enlarged head of the support piece.

  Other advantageous features will appear in the following description of certain particular embodiments, given by way of example and shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a multi-roll planer.

  Figure 2 is a schematic front view of the planer. Figure 3 shows schematically the drive of the planing rollers. Figure 4 is a detailed view of the drive ends of the rollers.

  Figure 5 is a side view of a fastener of the upper crew, in the open position. Figure 6 is a side view of a fastener of the upper crew, in the closed position. Figure 7 is a partial view in perspective of the attachment means of the upper crew. Figure 8 is a general view, in perspective, of the entire installation. Figure 9 schematically shows the different steps of the dismounting process planing crews according to the invention.

  Figures 10, 11, 12 and 13 show schematically, in side view, the positions of the various members of the device during disassembly planing crews. Figure 14 is a partial view, in perspective, of the locking means of the drive extensions.

  Figures 15, 16, 17 and 18 show, in front view, the positions of the locking means of the extensions during disassembly of planing crews. Figure 19 is a partial view, from above, the pivoting means of the intermediate plate.

  FIGS. 1 and 2 show schematically, in a side view and in front view, the assembly of a multi-roll planer comprising, in general, two planing crews, upper and lower respectively. 1 ', placed on either side of a horizontal plane P running a flat product M, inside a support frame 3 comprising two uprights 31, 31' spaced apart on both sides a longitudinal axis O of scrolling product M, fixed at their bases on a fixed bed base 32 bearing on the foundation and connected, at their upper parts, by transverse beams 33.

  As shown, for example, in Figure 8, each amount of the frame 3 may consist of two spaced apart columns 31a, 31b, 31'a, 31'b, connected by transverse beams 33, 33 '. The upper crew 1 carries a plurality of leveling rollers 11 with parallel axes, spaced apart from each other, and each bearing at least on a support roll 12, said rollers being rotatably mounted about their axes on a frame 10 which is supported on a pressure frame 34 and is connected thereto, removably, by fixing means 2 shown in detail in Figures 5 to 7 and described below. The level of the pressure frame 34 and, consequently, of the upper planing unit 1, can be adjusted by cylinders 30, mechanical or hydraulic, bearing on the transverse beams 33. Preferably, these cylinders are single acting , the lifting of the pressure frame 34 in the open position, being controlled by return cylinders 30 '. Similarly, the lower crew 1 'comprises a plurality of planing rollers 11' bearing on support rollers 12 ', said rollers being rotatably mounted about their parallel axes on a support frame 10' which takes support on the bed frame 32. The upper planar rollers 11 and lower 11 'are offset longitudinally so as to provide a corrugated path of the band, their nesting can be adjusted by the cylinders 34'. All these provisions, which may be subject to variations, are well known and do not require a more detailed description. In particular, it is known that, in order to achieve the tensile-bending effects sought on the product M, the latter must pass longitudinally between the rollers and, for this purpose, is driven by friction by at least some of the leveling rollers 11. 11 'which are rotated by a motorized assembly comprising for example, as shown diagrammatically in Figure 3, one or more motors 35a driving one or more speed reducers 35b which actuate at the required speed one or more gear boxes 35c distributing the rotational torques to the various upper and lower work rollers 11 '11' via upper elongations 36 and lower 36 'having two ends respectively connected by Cardan links 37, 37', on one side to the end journals 13, 13 'of the planing rollers 11, 11' and the other to the outputs of the gear box 35c. Usually, planing machines for sheets or thick strips have, depending on the case, 7 to 11 planing rolls. For example, as shown in the figures, the upper crew can carry five rollers 11 and the lower crew six rollers 11 '. Such machines applied to wide strips and plates and

  thick can reach a mass of more than 300 tons for a height greater than 10 meters, a leveling crew may have, by itself a mass of several tens of tons. However, as indicated above, during the planing operation, the rollers are subjected to high surface pressure stresses and abrasion phenomena that require their repair, for example machining by grinding their active surfaces, in a workshop. of maintenance. The planing crews must therefore be dismountable and for this reason each cardan joint 37, 37 'placed at the end of an extension 36, 36' is connected to the journals 13, 13 'of the working roll 11, 11 by a removable coupling member 14, 14 'which, in the example shown, can be an internally grooved sleeve, in which, by axial sliding, the journal of the roll is provided, provided with corresponding grooves. In addition, as shown, for example, in DE-A-2 131 739, each planing unit, respectively upper 1 or lower 1 'forms a cassette which can be slidably mounted on transverse rails (not shown) arranged on the support frame 3 so as to be spaced laterally on the operator side after uncoupling the extensions. After maintenance, each lower cassette 1 'or greater 1, is brought back to the leveling position inside the cage 3 and it is then necessary to restore the coupling between each leveling roller and the corresponding extension. As indicated above, up to now, such operations required the presence, near the machine, of an operator to perform the disassembly and reassembly of the extensions and Cardan links on the drive ends of the rollers. One of the aims of the invention is to automatically perform disassembly and reassembly of the cassettes without manual intervention of an operator near the machine. For this, the means 2 for detachably attaching each upper cassette 1 to the pressure frame 34 as well as the coupling means 14, 14 'of the extensions 36, 36' with the leveling rollers 11, 11 'are arranged in so that it can be remotely controlled without the intervention of an operator in the vicinity of the machine, in a manner that ensures the safety of the crew change operations and the reliability of the locking and unlocking operations of the machine. upper planing member 1 on the pressure frame 34, by means of the removable fastening devices 2 shown in detail in FIGS. 5 and 6. The frame 10 of the upper cassette 1 is applied to a lower face of the pressure frame 34 and held on each side, for example by means of four fasteners 2, as diagrammatically shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 7, each fastening device 2 comprises Rte a hook 21 pivoted about a horizontal axis 211 between a spaced apart positioning of the cassette 10, shown in Figure 5 and a locking position shown in Figure 6, after engagement of the end 210 of hook 21 under a locking stud 101 formed on an ear-shaped bearing portion 102 extending outwardly projecting from the lateral side 103 of the chassis 10 of the upper crew 1.

  The pivoting of the hook 21 is controlled by an articulated mechanism 22 actuated by a jack 23 bearing, on one side, on the lateral side 340 of the pressure frame 34, about an articulation axis 231 and, of the on the other hand, on a crank 232 set in rotation on a shaft 233 which actuates the mechanism 22 of the hook 21. In the preferred embodiment shown in perspective in FIG. 7, the hooking means 2 are actuated in pairs, one and the same. cylinder 23 being placed between two hooks 21a, 21b simultaneously actuated by a central crank 232.

  For this purpose, the articulated mechanism 22 comprises, for each hook, a crank 221 secured in rotation by the shaft 233 with the central crank 232 and whose end is connected by a connecting rod 222 to a first arm of a cranked lever 223 having a second arm articulated about a fixed axis 224 and whose central portion is hinged to the hook 21 about a central axis 213. The two axes of articulation, respectively upper 233 of the crank 221 and 224 lower of the lever 223 are fixed on the lateral side 340 of the pressure frame 34 and, consequently, spaced vertically a constant distance. In addition, the crank 221 and the bent lever 223 each form a yoke flanking the hook 21 which extends vertically between its lower end 210 forming a latch and an upper end hinged about the axis 211 which is mounted on a slide 212 guided vertically by lights provided on the two wings of a clevis 341 for supporting the mechanism 21, 22, fixed on the lateral side 340 of the pressure frame 34. In addition, the hook 21 is hinged about a horizontal axis 213 on the central part of the bent lever 223 and this axis 213 is arranged so that the upper arm of the bent lever 223 is parallel to the crank 221 and that the assembly forms a deformable parallelogram with the rod 222 Thus, the rotation of the crank 232 controlled by the jack 23 and transmitted to the crank 221 by the shaft 233, determines a rotation of the same angle of the arm 223 of the bent lever which bears on the fixed axis 224, with a displacement of vertical axis of the central axis 213 and the slider 212 bearing the upper pivoting axis 211 of the hook 21, the central axis 213 being placed on a vertical line between the fixed lower axis 224 and the upper sliding axis 211 The articulated mechanism 22 thus controls, at the end of the rotation, a slight lifting of the hook 21 whose lower end 210 forming a latch is engaged from below in the ear 102 of the frame 10 of the upper crew 1 then, at the end of rotation, exerts on a locking pin 101, an upward thrust to firmly apply the frame 10 against the lower part of the pressure frame 34. In addition, the articulation of the mechanism on three axes coming into Vertical alignment ensures the passage through a balance point with a knee brace effect that makes accidental unlocking impossible. Preferably, the lower end 210 forming a hook latch 21 carries a sliding support member 214 with an enlarged head which is placed below the locking pin 101 by compressing a resilient member 215, for example a stack of washers Belleville, which allows passage through the equilibrium point. The cylinders 23, of the hydraulic or pneumatic type, can be remotely controlled so that the locking system of the chassis 10 of the crew on the pressure frame 34 can be implemented without the intervention of an operator with a complete irreversibility and, consequently, a very high reliability of the fixing of the crew on the pressure frame. On the other hand, various provisions are possible. For example, for hot planing, the cylinders could be mounted so as to be as little as possible exposed to the heat radiated by the product. The frame 10 'of the lower crew 1' which bears, at a constant level, on the bed base 34, can simply come into abutment in planing position. If necessary, however, one could use analog fasteners, also remotely controlled. As indicated above, in the known arrangement of the type described in DE-A-2 131 739, each cassette forming a planing unit, respectively upper or lower, can be removed from the frame of the machine by sliding on rails on the bed base for the lower cassette or on the pressure frame for the upper cassette, in order to be placed on a disassembly trolley. In the arrangement according to the invention, a disassembly carriage is also used, but only to remove the upper cassette. Indeed, the lower cassette is placed on a withdrawal platform placed next to the frame, then it is removed and replaced in this position by the disassembly carriage of the upper cassette. In Figure 8 which shows, in perspective, the entire installation of the invention, we see that the withdrawal platform 4 forms the bottom of a pit 40 'formed in the floor 40 of the workshop next to the frame 3 of the leveling machine, the operator side. As shown schematically in Figures 10 to 13, the withdrawal platform 4 is provided with a guide path 41, not shown in detail, which is placed in the extension of guide rails 41 'formed on the bed base 32 of the machine and on which rolling rollers 13 support the frame 10 'of the lower crew 1'. After unlocking, the movement of the cassette 1 'is controlled by a jack 16 placed below the level of the withdrawal platform 4 and whose rod is provided with a removable fastening means on a fastening member 15 placed on a front face of the cassette 1 'at the platform. In FIG. 8, the lower crew 1 'has been shown in its spaced position on the withdrawal platform 4, the upper crew 1 being still inside the frame 3 of the machine, below the frame pressure 34 which is not shown in the drawing.

  As will be seen below, before removing the lower cassette 1 ', the coupling members 14' of the lower extensions 36 'have been locked at the level H1 of the journals 13'. According to an essential characteristic of the invention, after being removed from the frame 3, the lower crew 1 'can be removed by a traveling crane to be placed, in the waiting position, on the service floor 40 of the workshop and replaced by a disassembly carriage 5 of the upper crew 1. This carriage 5 is provided, on a front face, with a fastening member 51 similar to the attachment member 15 of the lower cassette 1 'and on which can be fixed, removably, the end of the cylinder rod 16.

  On the other hand, the carriage 5 is provided with rollers 52 which, in this position, are placed on the raceway 41. The cylinder 14 can then bring the dismounting carriage 5 inside the frame 3 of the machine. , as diagrammatically shown in FIG. 11, for receiving the upper crew 1.

  FIG. 9 very schematically shows the various steps A to L of the process, according to the invention, of disassembly of the two planing crews. In step A, the two crews 1, 1 'are, in the operating position, inside the frame 3 of the machine, beside which, as indicated above, is provided the withdrawal platform 4 The dismounting carriage 5 is placed in a remote position on the floor 40 of the workshop, close to the platform 4. The upper crew 1 being raised in the open position, the lower crew 1 'can be pushed back by the jack 16 on the withdrawal platform 4, in the position shown in step B of Figure 9, as well as in Figure 10. The lower cassette 1 'is then removed from the platform 4, for be deposited on the floor 40, next to the pit 40 '. It is possible, for this purpose, to use a spreader 42 which rests, out of service, on a cradle 43. The industrial truck 5 is then taken over by the traveling crane and deposited on the guide path 41, in place of the lower cassette 1 ', in the position shown in step C of FIG. 9. As indicated above, the dismounting carriage 5 is provided with a removable fastening member 51 which engages on the rod of the jack 16 and it can then be actuated to return the disassembly carriage 5 inside the frame 3 of the machine, below the upper assembly 1, in the position corresponding to the step D of FIG. 9 and shown diagrammatically in FIG. 11. The pressure frame 34 is then lowered to deposit the upper crew 1 on the dismounting carriage 5 and the hooking members 2 can then open to release the frame 34 which is reassembled . The upper crew 1 then rests on the dismounting carriage 5 which is pushed by the jack 16 so as to remove the upper cassette 1 of the frame to make it come on the withdrawal platform 4, in the position 35 corresponding to the step E of FIG. 9.

  As shown in Figure 8, the installation is also equipped with a handling bar 42 resting, out of service, on a cradle 43 on which can also be placed a new upper crew. This lifter 42 can be operated by the overhead crane so as to come to support the upper crew 1 on the withdrawal platform 4, in the position shown in step F of Figure 9. In the next step G, the lifter 42 actuated, by the traveling crane, removes the worn upper crew 1 to put it on the worn lower crew 1 'placed next to the platform 4, in the previous step D. Then the rudder 42 takes over the new upper unit 1 disposed in advance on the cradle 43 and deposits it on the industrial truck 5, in the position shown in FIG. 12 and corresponding to step H of FIG. 9 The new crew can then be brought inside the frame 3 by the industrial truck 5, in step I of Figure 9, by rolling on the guide rails of the pressure frame 34 which has been maintained. at the same level after removal of the used crew 1. Coupling members 14 of The upper extensions 36 have also been maintained at the same level H2 in the manner that will be described later and can therefore engage, by axial sliding, on the trunnions 13a of the rollers of the new crew 1a.

  During this time, the lifter 42 thus released has come to support the worn upper crew 1 to place it on the cradle 43. The locking members 2 are then closed to secure the upper nine crew with the pressure frame 34 and the assembly can be reassembled in the position shown in Figure 13, thus releasing the handling carriage 5 which is brought by the jack 16 on the withdrawal platform 4 as shown in step J of Figure 9 Advantageously, the handling bar 42 is rotatably mounted on the cradle 43 around journals 42a and can therefore pivot about the horizontal axis thus defined in order to return the worn equipment 1, in the position shown schematically in step J The working rolls of the upper crew 1 are thus turned upwards, which facilitates their maintenance and possible disassembly for replacement. As shown in FIG. 8, a new undercarriage 1a is placed in advance on the floor 40 of the workshop, near the withdrawal platform 4.

  The industrial truck 5 located, in step J, on the platform 4, can be removed by the crane to be placed in the waiting position on the floor 40, for example, next to the crew the latter is then removed by the traveling crane to be placed on the withdrawal platform 4, in the position shown in step K of FIG. 9, the attachment member 15a coming to be fixed on the end of the rod of the cylinder 16. On the other hand, as will be seen below, the coupling members 14 'of the lower extensions 36' have been placed at the level H1 of the axes of the rollers 11'a of the lower cassette a.

  The new lower crew can then be introduced into the frame 3 by rolling on the rails 41 'of the mattress 32 to abut in its working position, the lower coupling members 14' engaging, by axial sliding, on the trunnions 13'a of the rollers of the crew a. In the final stage L, the machine is equipped with two new crews, respectively upper and lower the a and planing can be resumed. During this time, it is possible to carry out the maintenance operations of the worn crews, which can be performed, when they are simple, on the floor 40 of the workshop, close to the machine. Of course, if necessary, worn crews can be taken to a maintenance shop and replaced, near the machine, by new crews 1b, 1'b. As indicated above, at least some of the planing rollers of the two crews must be rotated through the elongations, respectively upper 36 and lower 36 'whose ends are connected to the respective rollers by removable coupling members 14 14 'which fit by axial sliding on the end journals 13, 13' of the leveling rollers 11, 11 '. As shown schematically in FIG. 10, during dismounting of the lower planing equipment 1 ', the axes of the rollers 11' are in a horizontal plane placed at the level H1, on which the coupling members 14 'of the lower extensions 36 '. This first level H1 corresponds to the height of the axes of the rollers 11 'with respect to the guide rails 41' of the bed base 32. To allow interlocking, without risk of damage, the mating parts of each coupling member 14 'and the trunnion 13 'of the corresponding roller, these coupling members 14' must be placed at the same level H1 relative to the frame 34, during reassembly of the lower cassette 1 'inside the frame 3 in the position shown in FIG. 13.

  Similarly, for the disassembly of the upper crew 1, it rests on the disassembly carriage 5, in the position shown in Figure 12 and the axes of the upper rollers 11 are placed in a horizontal plane located at a second level H2 which corresponds to the height of the axes of the upper rollers 11 relative to the frame 32 when the upper crew 1 comes to rest on the disassembly carriage 5 which replaces the lower cassette 1 '. The coupling members 14 of the upper extensions 36 are thus centered, at the time of disassembly, on this plane and must be kept at the same level H2 to allow the interlocking, without risk of damage, of the mating parts when the new crew the is introduced inside the machine by the handling trolley 5. The machine is equipped with means for locking the coupling ends 14 'of the lower extensions to the first level H1 disassembly of the lower crew 1' and the coupling ends 14 of the upper extensions 36 at the second level H2 of disassembly of the upper crew 1. These locking means comprise three clamping plates which are shown in perspective in FIG. 14 and whose operation is illustrated by FIGS. at 18. FIG. 14 shows, in perspective, all the locking means which are mounted, on the drive side, on the columns 31'a, 31'b of the frame 3 of the achine and which comprise a lower plate 6 'extending horizontally between the two columns 31'a, 31'b and mounted on a lower cross member 60', an upper plate 6 mounted on an upper cross member 60 and an intermediate plate 7 made of two pivoting parts.

  In Figure 15, which shows the machine in planing position, the three plates are open the coupling members 14, 14 'being engaged on the journals 13, 13' of the rolls of the two crews. In the example shown in the drawings, the lower crew 1 'comprises six lower rollers 11' which are rotated, each by an extension 36 'and the upper crew 1 comprises five rollers 11 driven by extensions 36. Diagrammatically shown in Figure 4, each coupling member 14, 14 'forms a sleeve provided with internal grooves and can rest on two spaced apart plates 61' of corresponding curved shape, formed on the lower plate 6 '. This plate 6 'is carried by a cross member 60' which, in the example shown, rests on two mechanical cylinders 62 each mounted on a support 63 fixed on the bed base 32 of the machine, the two cylinders 62 being actuated in synchronism by a worm gear 64 driven by a motor. The cross-member 60 is thus guided vertically by the rods of the two jacks 62 and can thus be lifted to take over the six coupling sleeves 14 'of the lower extensions 36' in the position shown in FIG. 16.

  The intermediate plate 7 is placed substantially at the level of the plane P of the product, between the two levels of journals 13, 13 'on which the extensions 36, 36' engage. It must therefore be able to be moved horizontally between two positions, respectively a closed locking position for which this plate 7 extends transversely to the axes of the rollers, between the coupling sleeves 14, 14 'of the two series of extensions 36, 36 and an open position, laterally spaced, allowing the vertical displacements of the upper rollers with the extensions, for adjusting the nesting. Advantageously, as shown in FIG. 14, the intermediate plate 7 thus comprises two parts 7a, 7b pivotally mounted around a vertical axis, respectively on two pivots 70a, 70b whose level can vary and whose opening and closing are controlled by means 8a, 8b. As shown in Figures 14 and 19, each pivot 70a, 70b is carried by a support member 81 on which are fixed the bases of two cylinders extending in opposite directions, respectively an upper cylinder 82 whose rod is articulated on one end of the crosspiece 60 carrying the upper plate 6 and a lower cylinder 82 'whose rod is articulated on one end of the crossbar 60' carrying the lower plate 6 '.

  The ends of the upper crossmember 60 are slidably mounted vertically on slides 83a, 83b formed respectively on the two columns 31'a, 31'b of the frame 3. On the other hand, the bearing pieces 81a, 81b are , themselves mounted slidably on a small height, on slides 84 formed respectively on the two columns 31'a, 31'b of the frame, at the level of the P scroll plane. To control the opening and closing of the tray intermediate 7, as shown in Figure 19, each support member 81 carries a rectilinear rack 85 having an end articulated on the half-plate 7a, 7b and on which meshes a pinion 86, rotatably mounted on the support member 81 and can be driven by a crank, as shown in Figure 19, or by a motor controlled remotely if it is desired to completely avoid the presence of an operator near the machine.

  In the leveling position shown in FIG. 15 and corresponding to step A of FIG. 9, all the extensions 36, 36 'and their coupling members 14, 14' are carried by the corresponding journal journals of the two crews. planing 1, 1 '. The lower plate 6 'is in the low position and the upper plate 6 in the upper position. The two parts 7a, 7b of the intermediate plate 7 are opened in the manner shown in FIGS. 14 and 19. For disassembly of the lower crew, the lower plate 6 'is raised by the jacks 62 so that each pair of platinum 61 'comes into contact with the corresponding coupling sleeve 14', in the position shown in Figure 16, which corresponds to the first level H1 blocking the lower extensions 36 '. The two crosspieces 60 ', 60 being connected at each end by a pair of opposed cylinders 82, 82', locked at this moment, this lifting of the lower plate 6 'causes a corresponding uplift of the upper plate 6 and the two parts of the intermediate plate 7. The two semi-plates 7a, 7b which are aligned in order to reconstitute the intermediate plate 7, are then controlled in the manner shown in FIG. 16. For this purpose, the free ends of the half-plates 7a, 7b have conjugate profiles so as to fit one into the other to give some vertical resistance to the transverse plate 7 thus reconstituted. As shown in FIG. 16, this transverse plate 7 has on its underside six pairs of plates 71 'respectively corresponding to the lower coupling sleeves 14' of the six lower rollers 11 'and, on its upper face, five pairs of plates 71 corresponding to the upper sleeves 14. Similarly, the upper plate 6 is provided on its underside with five pairs of plates 61 respectively corresponding to the coupling sleeves 14 of the upper extensions 36. The intermediate plate 7 thus formed is then slightly lowered by means of the lower cylinders 82 'whose rods are supported on the ends of the lower cross member 60' maintained by the mechanical cylinders 62. The lower sleeves 14 'are thus locked at this first level H1 in the position shown in FIG. 17. This first level H1 is identified by keeping in memory, in the control system of the machine, the positions of the cylinders 6 2 at this moment. The lower crew 1 'can then be removed from the frame by means of the jack 16, as indicated in FIG. 10 and in step B of FIG. 9.

  After replacement of the lower cassette 1 'by the industrial truck 5, it is introduced into the frame 3 of the machine and supports the upper crew 1 which is lowered by the pressure frame 34. The axes of the rollers are then at the second level H2 shown in Figure 17.

  The first locking level H1 being identified, the lower rail 60 'can be raised by means of the mechanical cylinders 62 bearing on the bed 32, driving the lower coupling members 14' which remain tight between the lower plate 6 'and the intermediate plate 7 which is also raised by the lower rail 60 '. Indeed, the two pairs of cylinders 82, 82 'being blocked, the vertical movement of the lower cross member 60' controls a corresponding uplift of the intermediate plate 7 whose support members 81 slide along the slideways 84, as well as that of the upper cross 60 whose ends slide in the slideways 83a, 83b.

  The assembly formed by the lower cross member 60 ', the coupling sleeves 14' and the intermediate plate 7 is thus raised until the upper plates 71 of the intermediate plate 7 come to support the coupling sleeves 14 of the upper extensions, centered at the H2 level. The cylinders 82 then control the lowering of the crosspiece 60 so that the plates 61 forming the upper plate 6 are tightened, in the position shown in Figure 18 and also corresponding to Figure 12, on the set of upper sleeves 14 resting on the intermediate plate 7 and the lower cross 60 'maintained by the cylinders 62. The ends of the upper extensions 36 are thus blocked at the second level H2, the handling trolley 5 can be discarded by driving the upper crew 1, the as described above.

  After replacement of the used crew 1 by a new crew la, it has returned inside the frame 3 by the industrial truck 5, the pins 13a of the rollers 9 coming to engage the coupling members 14 kept at the H2 level. After locking the fasteners 2, the upper cross member 60 is spaced by the cylinders 82 to release the upper couplings 14 and the new crew 1a is raised by the pressure frame 34. The mechanical cylinders 62 then control the lowering of the lower cross member 60 'and the intermediate plate 7 with all the lower sleeves 14' which are thus brought back to the first level H1, previously identified, as shown in Figure 13. In this way, after laying on the plate form 4 of the new lower crew a, it can be brought back inside the frame, the pins 13'a of the lower rollers 9 engaging in the coupling sleeves 14 'blocked at the level H1.

  Thus, all the operations necessary for unlocking and dismounting used crews 1, 1 ', then reassembling the new crews 1a, with the engagement of the journals on the coupling members blocked at the levels H1, H2, could be performed without the intervention of an operator.

  Of course, the invention is not limited to the details of the embodiment which has just been described as a simple example and which could be the subject of variants using equivalent means, remaining in the same protective frame.

  In particular, other types of coupling means could be used, for example jaw claws that could be maintained at the desired level for disassembling and reassembling the cassettes. Moreover, the pivoting intermediate half-plates 7a, 7b could also be controlled remotely to avoid any intervention of an operator.

Claims (17)

  1. A method of dismounting planing crews (1, 1 ') of a planing machine of a flat product, comprising: - means for controlling the movement of the product (M) along a longitudinal axis (0), the along a running plane (P), - a fixed support frame (3) having two uprights (31, 31 ') spaced apart on either side of the longitudinal axis, - two planing crews, respectively a lower crew (1 ') supported on a fixed bed (32) and an upper crew (1) supported on a pressure frame (34), each planing unit forming a cassette (1, 1') comprising a plurality of spaced rollers (11, 11 '), rotatably mounted on a frame (10, 10') about axes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of movement (0), - means (2) for removably fixing the frame (10) of the upper crew (1) on the pressure frame (34), - means (30) of vertical displacement of the pressure frame (34) for adjusting a nesting of the rollers of the two crews (1, 1 '), - means (35) for rotating the rollers, placed on one side of the frame (3) and connected to at least some of the rollers (11, 11') by a elongate member (36, 36 ') having a first end rotated and a second end provided with a removable coupling member (14, 14') with a drive end (13, 13 ') of the roller (11, 11 '), said elongations (36, 36') being arranged on two levels, respectively a lower level (1 ') of coupling with the rollers (11') of the lower crew (1 ') and a higher level of coupling with the rollers (11) of the upper crew (1), - means (16) for dismounting each of the two planar shaping equipments (1, 1 ') by displacement, perpendicular to the axis (0) between a working position inside the frame (3) and a retracted position laterally on one side of the frame (3) opposite at the drive side, characterized by the fact that the two planing equipments (1, 1 ') are removed separately from the frame by the following operations: - locking of the coupling ends (14') of all the extensions lower (36 ') at a first level (H1) of disassembly of the lower crew (1'), - removal of the lower cassette (1 ') by sliding at a constant level, perpendicularly to the scroll axis (0) , to a withdrawal platform (4) placed on one side of the frame (3) opposite to the drive side, - transport of the lower cassette (1 ') to a maintenance position, - removal of a dismounting carriage (5) on the removal platform (4), - inserting the dismounting carriage (5) into the frame (3) by sliding at a constant level perpendicular to the running axis (0) - removal of the upper cassette (1) on the dismounting carriage (5) by lowering the pressure frame (34), - bl ocage of the coupling ends (14) of the upper extensions (36) to a second level (H2) of disassembly of the upper cassette (1), - opening of the removable means (2) for fixing the upper cassette (1) on the pressure frame (34), - lifting of the pressure frame (34), - removal of the upper cassette (1) by sliding the dismounting carriage (5) at a constant level, perpendicular to the axis of movement (0 ), to the withdrawal platform (4), - placing the upper cassette (1) in a maintenance position.   2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, after maintenance or replacement, planing crews are placed in the frame (3) as follows: - removal of a new upper cassette (1 a) on the dismounting carriage (5) placed on the removal platform (4), - insertion of the upper cassette into the frame (3) by transverse sliding, at a constant level, of the dismounting carriage (5), with engagement driving ends (13a) of the upper rollers (11) on the coupling members (14) of the upper extensions (36) locked at the second disassembly level (H2), - closing of the removable fastening means (2) of the upper cassette (1a) on the pressure frame (34), - unblocking of the upper extensions, - lifting of the pressure frame (34) with the upper cassette (1a) and the upper extensions (36), - removal of the dismounting carriage (5) by transverse sliding up to the pl retraction platform (4), -drawing the dismounting carriage (5) from the withdrawal platform (4), -discollowing a new lower cassette (a) on the withdrawal platform ( 4), - introduction of the lower cassette (a) in the frame (3), by transverse sliding at a constant level, with engagement of the drive ends (13'a) of the lower rollers (11'a), on the coupling members (14 ') of the lower extensions (36'), locked at the first disassembly level (H1).   3. Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the bed (32) and the withdrawal platform (4) are provided with aligned guide rails (41 ', 41), orthogonal to the the sliding axis (0) for the constant level sliding respectively of the lower cassette (1 ') and the dismounting carriage (5).   4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking of the elongations, respectively upper (36) and lower (36 ') for dismounting planing crews (1, 1') is carried out as follows: - lifting of a lower plate (6 ') until contact with all the lower extensions (36') for the support thereof, - establishment of an intermediate plate (7) above the lower extensions (36 '), - tightening the ends (14') for coupling the lower extensions (36 ') between the lower plate (6') and the intermediate plate (7) for locking said lower extensions (36 ') at a first disassembly level (H1), - lowering the upper assembly (1) on the disassembly carriage (5), - bringing the intermediate plate (7) into contact with the ends of d coupling (14) of the upper extensions (36), - lowering of an upper plate (6) to contact with the coupling ends (14) of the upper extensions (36); - clamping said upper coupling ends (14) between the intermediate plate (7) and the upper plate (6) for locking the upper extensions (36) to a second level of disassembly (H2).   5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that, after contacting the lower plate (6 ') with the ends (14') of the lower extensions (36 '), at a first disassembly level (H1) of the lower cassette (1 '), the position of the lower plate (6') corresponding to this first level (H1) is marked, that the entire lower plate (6 ') with the ends (14') of the lower extensions ( 36 ') and the intermediate plate (7) is lifted up to the contact of the intermediate plate (7) with the ends (14) of the upper extensions (36) at a second disassembly level (H2) of the upper cassette ( 1) resting on the dismounting carriage (5) and that, after reassembly of the upper cassette (1 a) with engagement of the upper coupling members (14) to this second disassembly level (H2), the entire tray lower (6 ') with the ends (14') of the lower extensions (36 ') and the intermediate plate (7) is brought back by moving the lower plate (6 ') to the first disassembly level (H1) previously identified, for reassembly of the lower cassette (a) on the bed base, with engagement of the lower coupling ends ( 14 ').   6. Disassembly device for leveling crews (1, 1 ') of a planing machine for a flat product, comprising: - means for controlling the movement of the product (M) along a longitudinal axis (0), the along a running plane (P), - a fixed support frame (3) having two uprights (31, 31 ') spaced apart on either side of the longitudinal axis (0), - two planing crews , respectively a lower crew (1 ') resting on a fixed bed base and an upper crew (1) resting on a pressure frame (34), each leveling crew forming a cassette having a plurality of spaced rollers (11, 11 '), rotatably mounted on a frame (10, 10') about axes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of travel (0), - means (2 ', 2) for detachably fixing the frame (10) of the upper crew (1) on the pressure frame (34), - means (30) for vertical displacement of the pressure frame (34) for adjusting a nesting of the rollers the two crews (1, 1 '), - means (35) for rotating the rollers (11, 11'), placed on one side of the frame (3) and connected to at least some of the rollers (11). , 11 ') by an elongate member (36, 36') having a first end rotated and a second end provided with a removable coupling member (14, 14 ') with an end (13, 13') of driving the roller (11, 11 '), said elongations (36, 36') being arranged on two levels, respectively a lower level (H1) of coupling with the rollers (11 ') of the lower crew (1') and an upper level (H2) for coupling with the rollers (11) of the upper crew (1), - means (16) for dismounting the planing crews by moving each cassette (1, 1 ') perpendicularly. to the scroll axis (0), between a working position inside the frame (3) and a retracted position laterally spaced on one side of the frame (3) opposite the side driving machine, characterized in that it comprises: - a withdrawal platform (4) arranged on the side of the frame (3) opposite to the driving side and on which is formed a first guide path ( 41) aligned with a second guide path (41 ') formed on the bed base (32), said first (41) and second (41') guide tracks being orthogonal to the scroll axis (0), - a carriage disassembly (5), which can be placed on the withdrawal platform (4) in place of the lower cassette (1 ') and can be moved by sliding at a constant level on the first (41) and then the second (41). ') guideways aligned, so as to engage the bed base (32) inside the frame (3), said carriage (5) supporting the upper cassette (1) after opening the removable means (2) ) for fixing the latter on the pressure frame (3 4), - means (6 ',   7) for locking the coupling ends (14 ') of the lower extensions (36') to a first level (H1) for dismounting the lower cassette (1 '), - means (7, 6) for locking the ends coupling (14) upper extensions (36) to a second level (H2) disassembly of the upper cassette (1) resting on the disassembly carriage (5). 7. Disassembly device according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking means of the coupling ends of the lower and upper extensions comprise two plates, respectively lower (6 ') and upper (6), extending transversely to the axes of the rollers (11, 11 ') respectively below and above the product running plane (P) (M) and vertically slidably mounted on the drive side of the support frame (3) and an intermediate plate (7) placed substantially at the level of the plane (P) of movement of the product and movable between a locking position for which said intermediate plate (7) extends transversely to the axes of the rollers and a laterally spaced position, means (62, 82 ') of vertical displacement of the lower plate (6') and the intermediate plate (7) for the support and tightening of the coupling ends (14 ') of the lower extensions (36') between said pin lower table (6 ') and the intermediate plate (7) and means (82) of vertical displacement of the upper plate (6) for the support and tightening of the coupling ends (14) of the upper extensions (36) between said upper plate (6) and the intermediate plate (7).   8. Disassembly device according to claim 7, characterized in that the vertical displacement means of the lower plate (6 ') are cylinders (62) bearing on the bed (32).   9. Disassembly device according to claim 8, characterized in that the cylinders (62) of vertical displacement of the lower plate (6 ') are mechanical cylinders.   10. Disassembling device according to one of claims 7, 8, 9, characterized in that the intermediate plate (7) comprises two parts (7a, 7b) pivotally mounted respectively on two support pieces (81). placed on either side of the axis (0) of movement of the product (M) and each carrying means (85) for controlling respectively the pivoting of the two parts (7a, 7b) between a spaced position and a position for locking the two parts (7a, 7b) of the intermediate plate (7) are aligned transversely to the axes of the rollers and bear against one another so as to form a single plate (7).   11. Disassembly device according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the vertical displacement means of the upper plate (6) and the intermediate plate (7) comprise two pairs of hydraulic cylinders (82, 82 '). placed respectively on each side of the scroll axis (0) of the product (M) and each comprising two cylinders extending in opposite directions, respectively a lower cylinder (82 ') having a body fixed on a support piece (81) of the intermediate plate (7) and a rod bearing on one end of the lower plate (6 '), and an upper cylinder (82) having a body fixed on the support piece (81) of the intermediate plate (7). ) and a rod bearing on one end of the upper plate (6), the lower cylinders (82 ') for clamping the ends (14') of the lower extensions (36 ') between the intermediate plate (7) and the lower plate (6 ') and the upper cylinders (82) serving clamping the upper plate (6) on the ends (14) of the upper extensions (36) by resting on the intermediate plate (7) and the lower plate (6 ').   12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the upper plate (6) is slidably mounted vertically on two rails (83a, 83b) formed respectively on the drive side of the frame (3), on the side and other of the scroll axis (0).   13. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the two support pieces (81) of the intermediate plate (7) are slidably mounted on two rails (84) formed respectively on the drive side of the frame (3). , on both sides of the scroll axis (0).   14. Disassembly device according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that it comprises a single means (16) of displacement transverse to the scroll axis can be removably attached to either the lower cassette (1 '), or on the dismounting carriage (5).   15. Disassembly device according to one of claims 6 to 14, characterized in that the means (2) for removably fixing the frame of the upper crew (1) on the pressure frame (34) comprise at least two hooks (21) rotatably mounted on the pressure frame (34), each about a horizontal pivot axis (211), between a spaced apart position for positioning the upper crew (1) below the frame of pressure (34) and a hooking position for which each hook (21) is placed below a stud (10) for hooking the chassis (10) of the upper crew (1) and means ( 22) for controlling the pivoting of the hooks (21) from the position spaced apart to the hooking position, said pivoting means (22) determining, at the end of the pivoting, a slight raising of the horizontal pivot axis (211). and the end (210) of the hook (21) for clamping the frame (10) against the underside of the press frame n (34).   16. Disassembly device according to claim 15, characterized in that each hook (21) pivots about an upper axis (211) slidably mounted vertically on the pressure frame (34) and the control means (22). pivoting of each hook (21) comprises a jack (23) having a first element bearing on the pressure frame (34) and a second element bearing on one end of a bent lever (223), rotatably mounted, to its other end, around a fixed lower axis (224), on the pressure frame (34) and hinged about a central axis (213) on the hook (21), so as to determine, by rotation of the lever bent (223), the pivoting of the hook (21) with raising of the upper pivot axis (211) to a latching position for which the upper axis (211), the central axis (213) and the lower axis (224) are substantially aligned with an arching effect along a line passing through the stud hooking (101) after passing below it from the end (210) of the hook (21).   17. Disassembly device according to one of claims 15 and 16, characterized in that the end (210) of the hook (21) forms a resilient contact member comprising a bearing piece (214) slidably mounted along an axis directed towards the upper hinge pin (211) of the hook (21) and a compression spring (215) interposed between the end (210) of the hook (21) and an enlarged head of the support piece (214) ).