EP0767014B1 - Straightening machine with parallel cylinders - Google Patents

Straightening machine with parallel cylinders Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0767014B1
EP0767014B1 EP96402121A EP96402121A EP0767014B1 EP 0767014 B1 EP0767014 B1 EP 0767014B1 EP 96402121 A EP96402121 A EP 96402121A EP 96402121 A EP96402121 A EP 96402121A EP 0767014 B1 EP0767014 B1 EP 0767014B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crosspiece
levelling
bearing
casing
cylinder
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP96402121A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0767014A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Baptiste Peyron
Félix Carchi
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Clecim SAS
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VAI Clecim SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D1/00Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
    • B21D1/05Stretching combined with rolling

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a roller leveler parallel for a strip product, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the assembly is placed inside a fixed frame in form of cage having two uprights on which take support at least two bending units each carrying a leveling device comprising a mounted leveling cylinder supported by the possibility of rotation, on a resistant cross member extending transversely between the cage amounts, generally, through support members spread out and distributed along the length of the cylinder, for example rollers rotatably mounted around axes parallel to that of the cylinder.
  • the tape runs in one direction substantially horizontal and the machine is equipped one or two pairs of leveling crews, respectively upper and lower, placed on either side of the bandaged.
  • the installation also includes the more often, anti-tile bending units and descending.
  • document EP-A-0579170 describes a facility in which the entire crew of leveling consisting of the active cylinder and the rollers associated support is mounted on a chassis in the form of beam extending between the two uprights of the cage and bearing on the cross member, on the one hand on stops, at the level of the uprights and, on the other hand, between the uprights through flat cylinders which allow adjust the distribution of support forces over the length of the crosspiece to compensate for the deformations thereof.
  • the document EP-A-035.009 describes a machine for bending or straightening sheets with the features of the preamble of claim 1, comprising cylinders, respectively upper and lower, which each lean on a cross member via a series of rollers distributed over the length of the cylinder and whose levels can be adjusted individually by cylinders.
  • Each support roller or group of rollers is carried by a housing mounted at the end of the rod a jack whose body is fixed to the cross member and whose the piston is provided with a feeler coming into contact with a sensor fixed on a rule independent of the crosspiece and defining a straight reference level.
  • each sensor determines a correction of the piston position of the corresponding cylinder to correct the level of the rollers to maintain the straightness of the roller and therefore ensure uniform distribution of the pressure applied over the band width.
  • the defects observed may have other causes and, for example, come from heterogeneity transverse in the strip bearing, for example, on the profile, elastic limit or temperature, and who can cause differences in constraints and, by Consequently, differences in the elastic return of different longitudinal fibers when passing through the leveler.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to resolve this kind of problems and prevent the formation of such defects through to a much more effective correction device than known devices and which allows, in particular, to precisely distribute the compensation effect over the length of each leveling cylinder so as to correct, with great precision, all kinds of faults detected on the tape or predicted by calculation, at using a model for example.
  • the element mobile of each actuator is supported on the housing the corresponding support member by a thrust face determining a substantially punctual support in the axis of the actuator and kept in contact with the housing by the means for returning the housing in the opposite direction.
  • each support member can be connected to the crossmember by at least two rods suspension with possibility of play compared to the crosspiece, each rod being provided with an elastic stop of reminder of the box towards the crossbar, with sliding the along said rods.
  • Each support member normally includes two or more three separate support rollers, rotatably mounted on the case around an axis parallel to that of the cylinder leveling, and preferably associated with two rollers intermediaries interposed between the leveling cylinder and said rollers.
  • each case a support member is connected with play and kept applied by the return means against a support frame which is kept applied, in service, on the bearing face of the cross member, said chassis being provided with a series of orifices, respectively to the right of each housing for the passage of the movable element of the actuator associated with said housing.
  • an intermediate piece can be interposed between the movable element of each actuator and the housing of the corresponding support member, said part intermediate being slidably mounted in the orifice support frame, perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder, so as to form a piston actuated by the positioning member.
  • each leveling cylinder is rotatably mounted on two bearings each carried by a support fixed to the chassis, this last thus carrying the entire leveling crew comprising the leveling cylinder, optionally one or several intermediate rollers and the supporting members, and constituting a cassette removably mounted on the crosspiece with possibility of movement parallel to the axis of the cylinder for the removal of the leveling crew and its implementation.
  • the support frame is made up of a plate parallel to an application face of the crosspiece and provided with a series of orifices in which are accommodated pads of substantially the same thickness as the support plate and each forming a piston.
  • the support plate can advantageously be suspended by at least one pair of rollers on two rails arranged along the crosspiece, parallel to the axis of the leveling cylinder, so as to allow removal of the cassette by rolling on said rails.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view, in section longitudinal, of a leveling machine equipped with arrangements according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pair of stacking leveling crews.
  • Figure 2A is a detail view showing the leveling crew in withdrawal position.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view, on an enlarged scale, an upper leveling crew, in partial section along line III III.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the axis cylinders of a higher crew, in position of service.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a upper equipment, in the cassette removal position.
  • FIG. 1 the whole of a leveling installation placed in a cage 1 having two discarded amount formed, in a conventional manner, by two parallel walls 11, 12, in which are formed holes 10 of a shape suitable for removing the bending, as will be seen later.
  • the metal strip A to be laminated runs, following a longitudinal median plane P1, from an upstream coil B, to a downstream coil B ', passing over rollers deflectors C which define a mean plane of travel P substantially horizontal.
  • the installation comprises two successive leveling sets D, D ', made up each of a pair of bending units D1, D2 placed respectively above and below the band, a anti-tile device E and a delamination device F which advantageously consists of a multi-roller machine of known type.
  • Figure 2 shows, schematically, in section transverse to the axis of travel, a set of leveling comprising an upper bending unit D1 and a unit lower flexion D2 each comprising, so classic, a leveling crew consisting of a cylinder active 2 supported by two rollers spread apart 21, of the same length, on a series of organs support 3 separated from each other and distributed over all the length of the active cylinder 2 between the two uprights 11 and 12 from the cage.
  • a set of leveling comprising an upper bending unit D1 and a unit lower flexion D2 each comprising, so classic, a leveling crew consisting of a cylinder active 2 supported by two rollers spread apart 21, of the same length, on a series of organs support 3 separated from each other and distributed over all the length of the active cylinder 2 between the two uprights 11 and 12 from the cage.
  • each support member 3 consists of several rollers 31 each mounted to rotate around an axis parallel to the axes of the active cylinder 2 and intermediate rollers 21.
  • the entire leveling crew is carried by a chassis 4 which rests on a cross in the form of beam 5 whose ends are threaded in the recesses 10 of the two uprights 11 and 12 and which is supported on two jacks 13a, 13b fixed on said uprights 11, 12 and who take the vertical lifting efforts applied by strip A on cylinder 2 during leveling.
  • the lower flexion unit D2 includes a crew lower level consisting of an active cylinder 2 ' supported by 21 'rollers and rollers 3 ', on a transverse frame 4' which, in the example shown, itself rests on a box spring 5 'via 2 mechanical cylinders 13'a, 13'b to adjust the level of the 4 'chassis and the associated leveling crew.
  • Normally cylinders 13'a, 13'b are mechanical screw jacks, driven in synchronism by a motor 14.
  • the cylinders superiors 13a, 13b apply the entire crew of upper leveling D1 on stops 16 provided on the uprights 11, 12 and which therefore fix the level of the cylinder active upper 2.
  • the level of the active cylinder lower 2 'than the upper cylinder 2 can be adjusted by the lower cylinders 13'a, 13'b supporting the lower chassis 4 '.
  • These cylinders are preferably mechanical type of ways to determine a constant level in service and allow the effect of bending applied to strip A.
  • the strip is subjected under tension to two alternate flexions on the active cylinders 2, 2 'offset in height, which tend to move apart when supported on the cage, each through the support members 3, 3 ', chassis 4, 4', cross member 5, 5 'and cylinders 13, 13 '.
  • the chassis 4 for supporting the assembly of the leveling crew advantageously consists of a simple relatively thin plate with two ends, of two pieces 41, 41 'extending downwards and on which the active cylinder 2 are rotatably mounted and the intermediate rollers 21, via centering bearings 22 and 23 respectively.
  • this support plate 4 is maintained centered and applied against the underside 51 of the cross 5 by a removable locking device 74, so as to be integral with the crosspiece 5 to resist applied efforts.
  • the housings 32 of the support members 3 are each connected with play to the plate-shaped chassis 4 by fixing rods 42 which pass through the bottom of the housing 32, this resting on the heads 43 of the rods 42 by through elastic stops 44 which hold thus the case 32 applied against the plate 4, it is say towards cross 5, without opposing slight movements in the opposite direction.
  • each box 32 is associated with a positioning cylinder 6 comprising two elements, respectively a fixed body 61 and one movable piston 62 whose position relative to body 61 is determined by an actuator 63.
  • the cylinders are of the type mechanical with backlash, the actuator 63 being a screw driven in rotation about its axis by a motor-reduction unit with encoder 64, which engages in a threaded bore of the piston 62 so as to adjust the position thereof relative to the body 61.
  • the corresponding screw jacks 6 respectively to the different support members 3 are advantageously arranged inside the cross-member 5 on which is supported by the upper leveling crew D1 and which consists of a strong beam in the form of hollow box with rectangular section, bounded by one face lower 51, one upper face 52, two lateral faces 53 and two end faces 54 the bodies 61 of the cylinders 6 being fixed on the underside 51 of the beam.
  • the support plate 4 for the active cylinder 2 and its intermediate rollers 21 extends below the face lower 51 of the cross 5, over the entire length of this one. As indicated above, this plate 4 is applied, in service, against the underside 51 of the beam 5 which thus collects the vertical forces exerted by the band A on the active cylinder 2 during the leveling and rests on the two uprights of the cage 1 by means of the jacks 13a, 13b.
  • the side walls 53 of the cross 5 are provided with support plates 58 which can slide, practically without play, along the lateral sides of the window 10 of the cage 1.
  • the cross 5 in the service position shown in Figure 4, the cross 5 is integral with the uprights 11 and 12 of the cage 1 and can be fixed in this position by a removable locking device 18.
  • the plate 4 is, on the other hand, provided with a series orifices 46 corresponding to each box 32 of an organ support 3 and each centered on the axis 60 of the cylinder 6 corresponding in the service position which is fixed by the locking member 74.
  • a flat piece forming a plate 65 which is interposed between the piston 62 of the cylinder 6 and the bottom of the case 32.
  • each plate 65 is provided on the housing side 32 with a convex bearing face 65 'which determines a substantially punctual support in the axis cylinder 6 itself centered on the vertical axis of symmetry of the case 32. In this way, each plate 65 can slide inside an orifice 46 of the plate 4, under the action of cylinder 6, to determine a slight spacing down the housing 32 with crushing of elastic stops 44, these simply serving to elastic return means of the housing 32 upwards.
  • the actions exerted on the active cylinder and, therefore, on the tape can be much more precise than in the previously known arrangements.
  • the active cylinder 2 can have a profile straight, concave or convex or even irregular, with a succession of concavities and convexities, allowing adapt symmetrically or asymmetrically, to all situations and accurately correct all kinds of defaults.
  • control of the deformation of the leveling cylinder and / or of the forces applied may be insured, either manually, by the operator, from observed or measured results, either automatically, by example with a preset system from a template experimental or with a closed loop system associated with a measurement and control device flatness of known type.
  • the leveling can also be used conventionally for products not requiring correction. Indeed, if the cylinders 6 keep the pistons 62 recessed, all housings 32 of the support members are brought back to the level of the support plate 4 itself applied against the face lower 51 of beam 5 and the assembly can be used as a normal bending unit.
  • the support plate 4 could become one with the cross 5, the assembly constituting a mounted cassette sliding horizontally inside the cage and can thus be removed as a whole from the cage and then replaced inside of it.
  • the support plate 4 is suspended by rollers 45 from the cross-member 5 and constitutes, with the leveling crew comprising the active cylinder 2 and its supporting organs, a particularly cassette light which can be lifted by the cylinders 13 in the position of Figure 5 for which the rollers 45 rest on two rails 55 formed on either side of the crosspiece 5.
  • Plate 4 can then be removed from the cage 1, by axial sliding, for maintenance or replacement of the active cylinder 2 and / or of the support members, while rolling on rails 55, up to the withdrawal position shown in Figure 2A.
  • the cross 5 stays in place inside the cage, with the cylinders setting 6.
  • the drive means are arranged generally on the same side of the cage, the operator being placed on the other side as well as the different organs maintenance.
  • the support plate 4 the leveling crew is supported on the training side, i.e. to the left of Figure 3, by a pair rollers 45 mounted on a suspension member 7 comprising two arms 71 carrying the two respectively rollers 45 and a central body 7 on which is suspended the corresponding end of the support plate 4, by through a pin 72 with a horizontal axis.
  • the support plate 4 At its opposite end, i.e. on the side operator, right of figure 3, the support plate 4 comprises a second pin 73 placed in alignment with the opposite pin 72 and resting on a member of removable support provided on a non-dismantling carriage shown, analogous to that described in the Patent EP N ° 0.446.130.
  • the crossmember 5 remains in place, only the plate 4 being removed with the crew of leveling. This lightening of the mobile and rotating cassette facilitates maneuvers.
  • plate 4 can be fixed relative to the crosspiece 51, thanks to a latch 74, in a position for which the orifices 46 and the plates 65 are perfectly centered on the axis of the pistons 62.
  • the crosspiece 5 is advantageously suspended from a plate transverse 14 extending between the two uprights 11 and 12 of the cage and fixed on the ends of the rods of the two adjustment cylinders 13a, 13b.
  • the plate 14 is provided with two rails 15 on which can roll rollers 56 mounted rotating above the level rails 15.
  • the cross-member 5 can thus be suspended from the plate transverse 14 by two pairs of rollers 56 carried by arms 57 fixed, respectively, at its two ends.
  • crosspiece 5 remains fixed to the cage by the locking member 18, the plate support 4 being suspended from the underside 51.
  • the plate 4 is kept pressed against the underside 51 of the cross-member 5 and therefore moves with this one.
  • the assembly After removal for maintenance and replacement of the cassette 4 and, possibly of the cross-member 5, the assembly is applied to the stops 16 of the cage and maintained by the side plates 58 in a fixed service position by the locking devices 74 and 18 and for which the cross 5 and the plate 4 are integral with the cage 1 so as to resist the vertical forces applied by the strip on the active cylinder 2 during planing.
  • these are removably connected with the 4 'support frame which forms with the crew lower 2 ', 3', an interchangeable cassette capable of to be removed from the cage while rolling on rails lower 51 '.
  • the support frame then being made up of a simple plate applied directly to the 5 'fixed crossbar, support members 3 'being mounted in housings, the position could be adjusted individually in the way indicated above.
  • the assembly can be checked either, directly by the operator himself, either using a pre-setting system, either in closed loop with a flatness control device.
  • the leveling cylinder is supported so classic, on intermediate rollers and rollers support.
  • the arrangements according to the invention could however apply to other means of support with possibility of rotation of the cylinder such as, for example, smooth pads.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Straightening Metal Sheet-Like Bodies (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Description

L'invention a pour objet une planeuse à cylindres parallèles pour un produit en bande, selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The subject of the invention is a roller leveler parallel for a strip product, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Pour améliorer les caractéristiques mécaniques et la planéité des bandes de métal laminé il est habituel, dans la métallurgie, d'utiliser des machines à planer de différents types comprenant, d'une façon générale, des moyens de défilement sous traction de la bande à planer entre au moins deux cylindres tournant autour d'axes perpendiculaires à un plan médian de défilement de la bande et décalés en hauteur de façon à définir un trajet ondulé. La bande subit ainsi sous traction des flexions alternés d'intensité réglables permettant le planage ou l'amélioration de certaines caractéristiques.To improve mechanical characteristics and flatness of the laminated metal strips it is usual, in metallurgy, to use planing machines different types, generally including means of travel under tension of the strip to be leveled between at least two cylinders rotating around axes perpendicular to a median plane of travel of the strip and offset in height so as to define a wavy path. The strip thus undergoes alternating bending under tension adjustable intensity allowing leveling or the improvement of certain characteristics.

L'ensemble est placé à l'intérieur d'un bâti fixe en forme de cage ayant deux montants sur lesquels prennent appui au moins deux unités de flexion portant chacune un équipage de planage comprenant un cylindre de planage monté prenant appui avec possibilité de rotation, sur une traverse résistante s'étendant transversalement entre les montants de la cage, généralement, par l'intermédiaire d'organes d'appuis écartés et répartis sur la longueur du cylindre, par exemple des galets montés rotatifs autour d'axes parallèles à celui du cylindre.The assembly is placed inside a fixed frame in form of cage having two uprights on which take support at least two bending units each carrying a leveling device comprising a mounted leveling cylinder supported by the possibility of rotation, on a resistant cross member extending transversely between the cage amounts, generally, through support members spread out and distributed along the length of the cylinder, for example rollers rotatably mounted around axes parallel to that of the cylinder.

Normalement, la bande défile suivant une direction moyen sensiblement horizontale et la machine est équipée d'une ou deux paires d'équipages de planage, respectivement supérieur et inférieur, placés de part et d'autre de la bande. Par ailleurs, l'installation comprend également, le plus souvent, des unités de flexion dites anti-tuile et de décintrage.Normally, the tape runs in one direction substantially horizontal and the machine is equipped one or two pairs of leveling crews, respectively upper and lower, placed on either side of the bandaged. The installation also includes the more often, anti-tile bending units and descending.

Dans certaines configurations, on utilise, en particulier pour le décintrage un ensemble multi-rouleaux comprenant deux séries de rouleaux imbriqués à axes parallèles entre lesquelles passe la bande en suivant un trajet ondulé. In some configurations, we use, in particular for decentering a multi-roller assembly comprising two series of nested axis rollers parallels between which the strip passes following a wavy path.

De telles installations sont connues depuis longtemps et peuvent prendre différentes formes mais les principes restent, dans l'ensemble, les mêmes.Such installations have been known for a long time and can take different forms but the principles remain, overall, the same.

Dans les cages de planage utilisées jusqu'à présent, des défauts de planéité localisés dans le sens transversal peuvent être générés dans certaines conditions. De tels défauts peuvent être dus aux conditions de laminage mais peuvent aussi provenir de la machine elle-même en raison, notamment des déformations inévitables des différents organes qui déterminent des différences de rayons de courbure des ondulations suivies par les différentes fibres de la bande, dans le sens transversal, lors du défilement.In the leveling cages used so far, flatness defects located in the transverse direction can be generated under certain conditions. Such defects may be due to rolling conditions but can also come from the machine itself due, in particular inevitable deformations of the different organs which determine differences in radii of curvature of the undulations followed by the different fibers of the strip, in the transverse direction, when scrolling.

En particulier, à moins d'alourdir considérablement la machine, et, évidemment, d'augmenter son prix, on ne peut éviter les flexions de la traverse sur laquelle s'appuie chaque équipage de planage et qui s'étend entre les deux montants de la cage, la face inférieure de la traverse, qui constitue une face de référence pour l'équipage de planage, ne pouvant être maintenue rigoureusement plane.In particular, unless the weight is considerably increased machine, and obviously increase its price, you can't avoid bending of the crosspiece on which it rests each leveling crew and stretching between the two cage uprights, the underside of the cross member, which constitutes a reference face for the leveling crew, cannot be kept strictly flat.

Certaines dispositions ont été prévues pour compenser ces déformations et en particulier les flexions de la traverse. Par exemple, le document EP-A-0579170 décrit une installation dans laquelle l'ensemble de l'équipage de planage constitué par le cylindre actif et les galets d'appui associés est monté sur un châssis en forme de poutre s'étendant entre les deux montants de la cage et prenant appui sur la traverse, d'une part sur des butées, au niveau des montants et, d'autre part, entre les montants par l'intermédiaire de vérins plats qui permettent de régler la répartition des efforts d'appui sur la longueur de la traverse pour compenser les déformations de celle-ci.Certain provisions have been made to compensate these deformations and in particular the flexions of the crosses. For example, document EP-A-0579170 describes a facility in which the entire crew of leveling consisting of the active cylinder and the rollers associated support is mounted on a chassis in the form of beam extending between the two uprights of the cage and bearing on the cross member, on the one hand on stops, at the level of the uprights and, on the other hand, between the uprights through flat cylinders which allow adjust the distribution of support forces over the length of the crosspiece to compensate for the deformations thereof.

D'autre part, le document EP-A-035.009 décrit une machine de cintrage ou de dressage de tôles avec les caractéristiques du préambule de la revendication 1, comportant des cylindres, respectivement supérieur et inférieur, qui prennent appui chacun sur une traverse par l'intermédiaire d'une série de galets répartis sur la longueur du cylindre et dont les niveaux peuvent être réglés individuellement par des vérins. Chaque galet d'appui ou groupe de galets est porté par un boítier monté à l'extrémité de la tige d'un vérin dont le corps est fixé sur la traverse et dont le piston est muni d'un palpeur venant au contact d'un capteur fixé sur une règle indépendante de la traverse et définissant un niveau de référence rectiligne. En cas de flexion de la traverse, chaque capteur détermine une correction de position du piston du vérin correspondant permettant de corriger le niveau des galets pour maintenir la rectitude du rouleau et assurer, par conséquent, une répartition uniforme de la pression appliquée sur la largeur de la bande.On the other hand, the document EP-A-035.009 describes a machine for bending or straightening sheets with the features of the preamble of claim 1, comprising cylinders, respectively upper and lower, which each lean on a cross member via a series of rollers distributed over the length of the cylinder and whose levels can be adjusted individually by cylinders. Each support roller or group of rollers is carried by a housing mounted at the end of the rod a jack whose body is fixed to the cross member and whose the piston is provided with a feeler coming into contact with a sensor fixed on a rule independent of the crosspiece and defining a straight reference level. In case of bending of the crosspiece, each sensor determines a correction of the piston position of the corresponding cylinder to correct the level of the rollers to maintain the straightness of the roller and therefore ensure uniform distribution of the pressure applied over the band width.

Cependant, les défauts observés peuvent avoir d'autres causes et, par exemple, provenir d'une hétérogénéité transversale dans la bande portant, par exemple, sur le profil, la limite élastique ou la température, et qui peut provoquer des différences de contraintes et, par conséquent, des différences sur le retour élastique des différentes fibres longitudinales lors du passage dans la planeuse.However, the defects observed may have other causes and, for example, come from heterogeneity transverse in the strip bearing, for example, on the profile, elastic limit or temperature, and who can cause differences in constraints and, by Consequently, differences in the elastic return of different longitudinal fibers when passing through the leveler.

L'invention a donc pour objet de résoudre ce genre de problèmes et de prévenir la formation de tels défauts grâce à un dispositif de correction beaucoup plus efficace que les dispositifs connus et qui permet, notamment, de répartir avec précision l'effet de compensation sur la longueur de chaque cylindre de planage de façon à corriger, avec une grande précision, toutes sortes de défauts détectés sur la bande ou bien prévus par le calcul, au moyen d'un modèle par exemple.The object of the invention is therefore to resolve this kind of problems and prevent the formation of such defects through to a much more effective correction device than known devices and which allows, in particular, to precisely distribute the compensation effect over the length of each leveling cylinder so as to correct, with great precision, all kinds of faults detected on the tape or predicted by calculation, at using a model for example.

Selon l'invention, cet object est atteint par une planeuse à cylindres parallèles pour un produit en bande se déplaçant suivant une direction longitudinale, le long d'un plan moyen de défilement et comprenant, à l'intérieur d'un bâti fixe en forme de cage ayant deux montants écartés, au moins une paire d'équipages de planage, respectivement supérieur et inférieur, placés de part et d'autre de la bande et comprenant chacun un cylindre actif de planage monté rotatif autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à la direction de défilement de la bande, au moins l'un des cylindres de planage prenant appui, avec possibilité de rotation autour de son axe, sur une face d'une traverse en forme de poutre résistante s'étendant transversalement entre les montants de la cage, par l'intermédiaire d'une série d'organes d'appui écartés associés chacun à un organe de positionnement de longueur variable et répartis sur la longueur du cylindre, chaque organe d'appui comprenant au moins une partie d'appui montée dans un boítier et chaque organe de positionnement associé étant constitué d'un actionneur comprenant un premier élément fixé sur la traverse et un second élément mobile dont la position peut être réglée par rapport au premier élément, perpendiculairement au plan moyen dedéfilement, pour le réglage individuel du niveau de la partie d'appui par rapport à la traverse, caractérisée par le fait que chaque boítier d'un organe d'appui est relié à la traverse par des moyens de liaison avec jeu associés à des moyens de rappel déterminant l'application dudit boítier contre la face d'appui de la traverse dans une position de retrait de l'actionneur correspondant et permettant un léger écartement de l'organe d'appui du côté opposé, sous l'action dudit actionneur.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a leveler with parallel cylinders for a product in strip moving in a longitudinal direction, the along an average plane of scrolling and comprising, at the interior of a fixed cage-shaped frame having two sidelines, at least a pair of crews leveling, respectively upper and lower, placed from on either side of the strip and each comprising a active leveling cylinder rotatably mounted about an axis perpendicular to the direction of travel of the strip, at least one of the leveling cylinders bearing, with possibility of rotation around its axis, on one side a strong beam-like cross member extending transversely between the amounts of the cage, by through a series of separate support members each associated with a length positioning member variable and distributed over the length of the cylinder, each support member comprising at least one support part mounted in a housing and each positioning member associated consisting of an actuator comprising a first element fixed on the cross member and a second element mobile whose position can be adjusted relative to the first element, perpendicular to the mean plane scrolling, for individual adjustment of the level of support part with respect to the cross member, characterized in that each case of a support member is connected to the cross member by means of link with game associated with recall means determining the application of said housing against the face support of the cross in a position of withdrawal of the corresponding actuator and allowing a slight spacing of the support member on the opposite side, under the action of said actuator.

Dans un mode de réalisation préférentiel, l'élément mobile de chaque actionneur prend appui sur le boítier de l'organe d'appui correspondant par une face de poussée déterminant un appui sensiblement ponctuel dans l'axe de l'actionneur et maintenue en contact avec le boítier par les moyens de rappel du boítier dans le sens opposé.In a preferred embodiment, the element mobile of each actuator is supported on the housing the corresponding support member by a thrust face determining a substantially punctual support in the axis of the actuator and kept in contact with the housing by the means for returning the housing in the opposite direction.

A cet effet, le boitier de chaque organe d'appui peut être relié à la traverse par au moins deux tiges de suspension avec possibilité de jeu par rapport à la traverse, chaque tige étant munie d'une butée élastique de rappel du boitier vers la traverse, avec coulissement le long desdites tiges.For this purpose, the housing of each support member can be connected to the crossmember by at least two rods suspension with possibility of play compared to the crosspiece, each rod being provided with an elastic stop of reminder of the box towards the crossbar, with sliding the along said rods.

Chaque organe d'appui comprend, normalement, deux ou trois galets de soutien écartés, montés rotatifs sur le boitier autour d'un axe parallèle à celui du cylindre de planage, et associés, de préférence, à deux rouleaux intermédiaires interposés entre le cylindre de planage et lesdits galets.Each support member normally includes two or more three separate support rollers, rotatably mounted on the case around an axis parallel to that of the cylinder leveling, and preferably associated with two rollers intermediaries interposed between the leveling cylinder and said rollers.

De façon particulièrement avantageuse, chaque boítier d'un organe d'appui est relié avec jeu et maintenu appliqué par les moyens de rappel contre un châssis de support qui est maintenu appliqué, en service, sur la face d'appui de la traverse, ledit châssis étant muni d'une série d'orifices ménagés, respectivement au droit de chaque boítier pour le passage de l'élément mobile de l'actionneur associé audit boítier.In a particularly advantageous manner, each case a support member is connected with play and kept applied by the return means against a support frame which is kept applied, in service, on the bearing face of the cross member, said chassis being provided with a series of orifices, respectively to the right of each housing for the passage of the movable element of the actuator associated with said housing.

D'autre part, une pièce intermédiaire peut être interposée entre l'élément mobile de chaque actionneur et le boitier de l'organe d'appui correspondant, ladite pièce intermédiaire étant montée coulissante dans l'orifice correspondant du châssis de support, perpendiculairement à l'axe du cylindre, de façon à former un piston actionné par l'organe de positionnement.On the other hand, an intermediate piece can be interposed between the movable element of each actuator and the housing of the corresponding support member, said part intermediate being slidably mounted in the orifice support frame, perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder, so as to form a piston actuated by the positioning member.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, chaque cylindre de planage est monté rotatif sur deux paliers portés chacun par un support fixé sur le châssis, ce dernier portant ainsi l'ensemble de l'équipage de planage comprenant le cylindre de planage, éventuellement un ou plusieurs rouleaux intermédiaires et les organes d'appui, et constituant une cassette montée amovible sur la traverse avec une possibilité de déplacement parallèlement à l'axe du cylindre pour le retrait de l'équipage de planage et sa mise en place.According to another advantageous characteristic, each leveling cylinder is rotatably mounted on two bearings each carried by a support fixed to the chassis, this last thus carrying the entire leveling crew comprising the leveling cylinder, optionally one or several intermediate rollers and the supporting members, and constituting a cassette removably mounted on the crosspiece with possibility of movement parallel to the axis of the cylinder for the removal of the leveling crew and its implementation.

De préférence, le châssis de support est constitué d'une plaque parallèle à une face d'application de la traverse et munie d'une série d'orifices dans lesquels sont logés des plaquettes ayant sensiblement la même épaisseur que la plaque de support et formant chacune un piston. De plus, la plaque de support peut avantageusement être suspendue par au moins une paire de galets roulants sur deux rails ménagés le long de la traverse, parallèlement à l'axe du cylindre de planage, de façon à permettre l'enlèvement de la cassette par roulement sur lesdits rails.Preferably, the support frame is made up of a plate parallel to an application face of the crosspiece and provided with a series of orifices in which are accommodated pads of substantially the same thickness as the support plate and each forming a piston. Of more, the support plate can advantageously be suspended by at least one pair of rollers on two rails arranged along the crosspiece, parallel to the axis of the leveling cylinder, so as to allow removal of the cassette by rolling on said rails.

Grâce à ces dispositions, qui permettent d'agir directement sur la position des galets d'appui de chaque cylindre actif, il est possible de régler le profil de ce dernier sans risque d'interférence des autres organes de support.Thanks to these provisions, which make it possible to act directly on the position of the support rollers of each active cylinder, it is possible to adjust the profile of this last without risk of interference from other organs of support.

Mais, d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses, qui font l'objet des sous-revendications, apparaitront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation particulier, donné à titre d'exemple et représenté sur les dessins annexés. But, other advantageous characteristics, which make the subject of the subclaims, will appear on reading of the following description of an embodiment particular, given by way of example and represented on the attached drawings.

La figure 1 est une vue schématique, en coupe longitudinale, d'une machine de planage équipée des dispositions selon l'invention.Figure 1 is a schematic view, in section longitudinal, of a leveling machine equipped with arrangements according to the invention.

La figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale d'une paire d'équipages de planage superposés.La figure 2A est une vue de détail montrant l'équipage de planage en position de retrait.Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pair of stacking leveling crews. Figure 2A is a detail view showing the leveling crew in withdrawal position.

La figure 3 est une vue de côté, à échelle agrandie, d'un équipage de planage supérieur, en coupe partielle suivant la ligne III III.FIG. 3 is a side view, on an enlarged scale, an upper leveling crew, in partial section along line III III.

La figure 4 est une vue en coupe transversale à l'axe des cylindres d'un équipage supérieur, en position de service.Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the axis cylinders of a higher crew, in position of service.

La figure 5 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un équipage supérieur, en position de retrait d'une cassette.Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a upper equipment, in the cassette removal position.

Sur la figure 1, on a représenté l'ensemble d'une installation de planage placée dans une cage 1 ayant deux montant écartés constitués, de façon classique, par deux parois parallèles 11, 12, dans lesquelles sont ménagées des orifices 10 de forme adaptée pour le retrait des unités de flexion, comme on le verra plus loin.In FIG. 1, the whole of a leveling installation placed in a cage 1 having two discarded amount formed, in a conventional manner, by two parallel walls 11, 12, in which are formed holes 10 of a shape suitable for removing the bending, as will be seen later.

La bande métallique A à laminer défile, suivant un plan médian longitudinal P1, depuis une bobine amont B, jusqu'à une bobine aval B', en passant sur des rouleaux déflecteurs C qui définissent un plan moyen de défilement P sensiblement horizontale.The metal strip A to be laminated runs, following a longitudinal median plane P1, from an upstream coil B, to a downstream coil B ', passing over rollers deflectors C which define a mean plane of travel P substantially horizontal.

Dans l'exemple représenté, l'installation comprend deux ensembles de planage successifs D, D', constitués chacun d'une paire d'unités de flexion D1, D2 placées respectivement au-dessus et en-dessous de la bande, un dispositif anti-tuile E et un dispositif de décintrage F qui est avantageusement constitué d'une machine multi-rouleaux de type connu.In the example shown, the installation comprises two successive leveling sets D, D ', made up each of a pair of bending units D1, D2 placed respectively above and below the band, a anti-tile device E and a delamination device F which advantageously consists of a multi-roller machine of known type.

La figure 2 représente, schématiquement, en coupe transversale à l'axe de défilement, un ensemble de planage comprenant une unité de flexion supérieure D1 et une unité de flexion inférieure D2 comprenant chacune, de façon classique, un équipage de planage constitué d'un cylindre actif 2 prenant appui, par l'intermédiaire de deux rouleaux écartés 21, de même longueur, sur une série d'organes d'appui 3 séparés les uns des autres et répartis sur toute la longueur du cylindre actif 2 entre les deux montants 11 et 12 de la cage.Figure 2 shows, schematically, in section transverse to the axis of travel, a set of leveling comprising an upper bending unit D1 and a unit lower flexion D2 each comprising, so classic, a leveling crew consisting of a cylinder active 2 supported by two rollers spread apart 21, of the same length, on a series of organs support 3 separated from each other and distributed over all the length of the active cylinder 2 between the two uprights 11 and 12 from the cage.

De façon également classique, chaque organe d'appui 3 est constitué de plusieurs galets 31 montés rotatifs chacun autour d'un axe parallèle aux axes du cylindre actif 2 et des rouleaux intermédiaires 21.Also conventionally, each support member 3 consists of several rollers 31 each mounted to rotate around an axis parallel to the axes of the active cylinder 2 and intermediate rollers 21.

L'ensemble de l'équipage de planage est porté par un châssis 4 qui prend appui sur une traverse en forme de poutre 5 dont les extrémités sont enfilées dans les évidements 10 des deux montants 11 et 12 et qui prend appui sur deux vérins 13a, 13b fixés sur lesdits montants 11, 12 et qui encaissent les efforts verticaux de soulèvement appliqués par la bande A sur le cylindre 2 lors du planage.The entire leveling crew is carried by a chassis 4 which rests on a cross in the form of beam 5 whose ends are threaded in the recesses 10 of the two uprights 11 and 12 and which is supported on two jacks 13a, 13b fixed on said uprights 11, 12 and who take the vertical lifting efforts applied by strip A on cylinder 2 during leveling.

L'unité de flexion inférieure D2 comprend un équipage de planage inférieur constitué d'un cylindre actif 2' prenant appui, par l'intermédiaire de rouleaux 21' et de galets 3', sur un châssis transversal 4' qui, dans l'exemple représenté, prend appui lui-même sur un sommier 5' par l'intermédiaire de 2 vérins mécaniques 13'a ,13'b permettant de régler le niveau du châssis 4' et de l'équipage de planage associé. Normalement, les vérins 13'a, 13'b sont des vérins mécaniques à vis, entrainés en synchronisme par un moteur 14.The lower flexion unit D2 includes a crew lower level consisting of an active cylinder 2 ' supported by 21 'rollers and rollers 3 ', on a transverse frame 4' which, in the example shown, itself rests on a box spring 5 'via 2 mechanical cylinders 13'a, 13'b to adjust the level of the 4 'chassis and the associated leveling crew. Normally cylinders 13'a, 13'b are mechanical screw jacks, driven in synchronism by a motor 14.

Dans l'exemple représenté sur les dessins, les vérins supérieurs 13a, 13b appliquent l'ensemble de l'équipage de planage supérieur D1 sur des butées 16 ménagées sur les montants 11, 12 et qui fixent donc le niveau du cylindre actif supérieur 2. En revanche, le niveau du cylindre actif inférieur 2' par rapport au cylindre supérieur 2 peut être réglé par les vérins inférieurs 13'a, 13'b de soutien du châssis inférieur 4'. Ces vérins sont, de préférence, de type mécanique de façons à déterminer un niveau constant en service et permettent de régler avec précision l'effet de flexion appliqué sur la bande A.In the example shown in the drawings, the cylinders superiors 13a, 13b apply the entire crew of upper leveling D1 on stops 16 provided on the uprights 11, 12 and which therefore fix the level of the cylinder active upper 2. On the other hand, the level of the active cylinder lower 2 'than the upper cylinder 2 can be adjusted by the lower cylinders 13'a, 13'b supporting the lower chassis 4 '. These cylinders are preferably mechanical type of ways to determine a constant level in service and allow the effect of bending applied to strip A.

En effet, la bande est soumise sous traction, à deux flexions alternées sur les cylindres actifs 2, 2' décalés en hauteur, qui ont tendance à s'écarter en prenant appui sur la cage, chacun par l'intermédiaire des organes d'appui 3, 3', du châssis 4, 4', de la traverse 5, 5' et des vérins 13, 13'.Indeed, the strip is subjected under tension to two alternate flexions on the active cylinders 2, 2 'offset in height, which tend to move apart when supported on the cage, each through the support members 3, 3 ', chassis 4, 4', cross member 5, 5 'and cylinders 13, 13 '.

Cependant, le niveau de chaque cylindre et la rectitude de son axe dépendent de la rigidité et des déformations inévitables des différents organes qui encaissent les efforts d'appui.However, the level of each cylinder and the straightness of its axis depend on the rigidity and inevitable deformations of the various organs which support efforts.

Les dispositions selon l'invention qui, dans l'exemple représenté, sont appliquées à l'unité de flexion supérieure D1, permettent d'assurer une compensation parfaite des flexions et des déformations des différents organes et, même, d'agir avec une grande précision sur le profil de l'axe du cylindre actif et la répartition des efforts pour corriger, le cas échéant, des défauts localisés.The arrangements according to the invention which, in the example shown, are applied to the upper bending unit D1, ensure perfect compensation of flexions and deformations of the various organs and, even, to act with great precision on the profile of the axis of the active cylinder and the distribution of forces for correct, if necessary, localized faults.

Comme on le voit sur la figure 2, alors que les organes d'appui 3' du cylindre actif inférieur 2' sont fixés, de façon classique, sur un châssis 4' en forme de poutre transversale qui prend appui sur les vérins de réglage 13', l'unité de flexion supérieure D1, représenté à échelle agrandie sur les figures 3 et 4 est réalisée de façon entièrement différente.As seen in Figure 2, while the support members 3 'of the lower active cylinder 2' are fixed, in a conventional manner, to a 4 'chassis in the form of transverse beam which rests on the cylinders of setting 13 ', the upper bending unit D1, shown at enlarged scale in Figures 3 and 4 is made of entirely different way.

En effet, le châssis 4 de support de l'ensemble de l'équipage de planage est avantageusement constitué d'une simple plaque relativement mince munie, à ses deux extrémités, de deux pièces 41, 41' s'étendant vers le bas et sur lesquels sont montés rotatifs le cylindre actif 2 et les rouleaux intermédiaires 21, par l'intermédiaire de paliers de centrage respectivement 22 et 23.Indeed, the chassis 4 for supporting the assembly of the leveling crew advantageously consists of a simple relatively thin plate with two ends, of two pieces 41, 41 'extending downwards and on which the active cylinder 2 are rotatably mounted and the intermediate rollers 21, via centering bearings 22 and 23 respectively.

En service, cette plaque de support 4 est maintenue centrée et appliquée contre la face inférieure 51 de la traverse 5 par un dispositif de verrouillage amovible 74, de façon à faire corps avec la traverse 5 pour résister aux efforts appliqués.In service, this support plate 4 is maintained centered and applied against the underside 51 of the cross 5 by a removable locking device 74, so as to be integral with the crosspiece 5 to resist applied efforts.

Le cylindre actif 2 et les rouleaux 21, qui ont un faible diamètre, peuvent se déformer facilement et prennent appui sur le châssis 4 et la traverse 5, du côté opposé au produit, au moyen d'un certain nombre d'organes d'appui 3 comprenant chacun trois galets 31 montés rotatifs sur deux paliers portés par un châssis 32 en forme de boitier et définissant un axe de rotation du galet 31 parallèle à l'axe du cylindre actif 2.The active cylinder 2 and the rollers 21, which have a small diameter, can easily deform and take support on the chassis 4 and the cross-member 5, on the side opposite the product, by means of a number of supporting bodies 3 each comprising three rollers 31 mounted to rotate on two bearings carried by a chassis 32 in the form of a housing and defining an axis of rotation of the roller 31 parallel to the axis of the active cylinder 2.

De plus, alors que, l'équipage inférieur D2, les boitiers 32 de support des galets 31 sont fixés rigidement sur le châssis de support 4, dans le cas de l'équipage supérieur D1, les boitiers 32 des organes d'appui 3 sont reliés chacun avec jeu au châssis en forme de plaque 4 par des tiges de fixation 42 qui traversent le fond du boitier 32, celui-ci reposant sur les têtes 43 des tiges 42 par l'intermédiaire de butées élastiques 44 qui maintiennent ainsi le boitier 32 appliqué contre la plaque 4, c'est à dire vers la traverse 5, sans s'opposer à de légers déplacements dans le sens opposé.In addition, while the lower crew D2, the casings 32 for supporting the rollers 31 are rigidly fixed on the support frame 4, in the case of the crew upper D1, the housings 32 of the support members 3 are each connected with play to the plate-shaped chassis 4 by fixing rods 42 which pass through the bottom of the housing 32, this resting on the heads 43 of the rods 42 by through elastic stops 44 which hold thus the case 32 applied against the plate 4, it is say towards cross 5, without opposing slight movements in the opposite direction.

D'autre part, comme le montrent les figures 3 et 4, chaque boitier 32 est associé à un vérin de positionnement 6 comprenant deux éléments, respectivement un corps fixe 61 et un piston mobile 62 dont la position par rapport au corps 61 est déterminée par un actionneur 63.On the other hand, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, each box 32 is associated with a positioning cylinder 6 comprising two elements, respectively a fixed body 61 and one movable piston 62 whose position relative to body 61 is determined by an actuator 63.

Dans l'exemple représenté, les vérins sont du type mécanique avec rattrapage des jeux, l'actionneur 63 étant une vis entrainée en rotation autour de son axe par un ensemble moto-réducteur avec codeur 64, qui s'engage dans un alésage fileté du piston 62 de façon à régler la position de celui-ci par rapport au corps 61.In the example shown, the cylinders are of the type mechanical with backlash, the actuator 63 being a screw driven in rotation about its axis by a motor-reduction unit with encoder 64, which engages in a threaded bore of the piston 62 so as to adjust the position thereof relative to the body 61.

En outre, les vérins à vis 6 correspondant respectivement aux différents organes d'appui 3 sont avantageusement disposés à l'intérieur de la traverse 5 sur laquelle prend appui l'équipage de planage supérieur D1 et qui est constituée d'une poutre résistante en forme de caisson creux à section rectangulaire, limitée par une face inférieure 51, une face supérieure 52, deux faces latérales 53 et deux faces d'extrémités 54 les corps 61 des vérins 6 étant fixés sur la face inférieure 51 de la poutre.In addition, the corresponding screw jacks 6 respectively to the different support members 3 are advantageously arranged inside the cross-member 5 on which is supported by the upper leveling crew D1 and which consists of a strong beam in the form of hollow box with rectangular section, bounded by one face lower 51, one upper face 52, two lateral faces 53 and two end faces 54 the bodies 61 of the cylinders 6 being fixed on the underside 51 of the beam.

La plaque 4 de support du cylindre actif 2 et de ses rouleaux intermédiaires 21 s'étend au-dessous de la face inférieure 51 de la traverse 5, sur toute la longueur de celle-ci. Comme on l'a indiqué plus haut, cette plaque 4 est appliquée, en service, contre la face inférieure 51 de la poutre 5 qui encaisse ainsi les efforts verticaux exercés par la bande A sur le cylindre actif 2 au cours du planage et prend appui sur les deux montants de la cage 1 par l'intermédiaire des vérins 13a, 13b.The support plate 4 for the active cylinder 2 and its intermediate rollers 21 extends below the face lower 51 of the cross 5, over the entire length of this one. As indicated above, this plate 4 is applied, in service, against the underside 51 of the beam 5 which thus collects the vertical forces exerted by the band A on the active cylinder 2 during the leveling and rests on the two uprights of the cage 1 by means of the jacks 13a, 13b.

Dans la position de service représentée sur la figure 4, la traverse 5 est appliquée vers le bas avec l'ensemble de l'équipage supérieur D1 contre les butées 16 de la cage, les extrémités de la plaque 4 s'interposant entre la traverse 5 et lesdites butées.In the service position shown in the figure 4, the cross-member 5 is applied downwards with the assembly of the upper crew D1 against the stops 16 of the cage, the ends of the plate 4 interposed between the cross 5 and said stops.

De plus, les parois latérales 53 de la traverse 5 sont munies de plaques d'appui 58 pouvant coulisser, pratiquement sans jeu, le long des côtés latéraux de la fenêtre 10 de la cage 1. Ainsi, dans la position de service représenté sur la figure 4, la traverse 5 fait corps avec les montants 11 et 12 de la cage 1 et peut être fixée dans cette position par un dispositif de verrouillage amovible 18.In addition, the side walls 53 of the cross 5 are provided with support plates 58 which can slide, practically without play, along the lateral sides of the window 10 of the cage 1. Thus, in the service position shown in Figure 4, the cross 5 is integral with the uprights 11 and 12 of the cage 1 and can be fixed in this position by a removable locking device 18.

La plaque 4 est, d'autre part, munie d'une série d'orifices 46 correspondant à chaque boitier 32 d'un organe d'appui 3 et centrés chacun sur l'axe 60 du vérin 6 correspondant dans la position de service qui est fixée par l'organe de verrouillage 74. A l'intérieur de chaque orifice 46 est placée une pièce plate formant une plaquette 65 qui est interposée entre le piston 62 du vérin 6 et le fond du boitier 32. De préférence, chaque plaquette 65 est munie, du côté du boitier 32, d'une face d'appui convexe 65' qui détermine un appui sensiblement ponctuel dans l'axe du vérin 6 lui-même centré sur l'axe de symétrie vertical du boitier 32. De la sorte, chaque plaquette 65 peut coulisser à l'intérieur d'un orifice 46 de la plaque 4, sous l'action du vérin 6, pour déterminer un léger écartement vers le bas du boitier 32 avec écrasement des butées élastiques 44, celles-ci servant simplement de moyens de rappel élastique du boitier 32 vers le haut.The plate 4 is, on the other hand, provided with a series orifices 46 corresponding to each box 32 of an organ support 3 and each centered on the axis 60 of the cylinder 6 corresponding in the service position which is fixed by the locking member 74. Inside each orifice 46 is placed a flat piece forming a plate 65 which is interposed between the piston 62 of the cylinder 6 and the bottom of the case 32. Preferably, each plate 65 is provided on the housing side 32 with a convex bearing face 65 'which determines a substantially punctual support in the axis cylinder 6 itself centered on the vertical axis of symmetry of the case 32. In this way, each plate 65 can slide inside an orifice 46 of the plate 4, under the action of cylinder 6, to determine a slight spacing down the housing 32 with crushing of elastic stops 44, these simply serving to elastic return means of the housing 32 upwards.

Etant donné que les plaquettes 65 coulissent librement dans les orifices 46, il est possible de régler individuellement la position relative de chaque boitier 32 par rapport à la traverse 5 sans déformation de la plaque de support 4 qui sert simplement au centrage alors que, au contraire, les paliers d'extrémités 22 du cylindre actif 2 sont maintenus par les pièces de support 41, 41' à une distance constante de la plaque 4 appliquée contre la face inférieure 51 de la traverse 5 par l'effort de planage exercé sur le cylindre 2.Since the plates 65 slide freely in holes 46, it is possible to adjust individually the relative position of each box 32 relative to the crosspiece 5 without deformation of the plate support 4 which is simply used for centering whereas, at on the contrary, the end bearings 22 of the active cylinder 2 are held by the support pieces 41, 41 'at a constant distance from plate 4 applied against the face lower 51 of the crossmember 5 by the leveling force exerted on cylinder 2.

Il est donc possible, au moyen des différents organes d'appui 6, de régler avec précision le profil du cylindre 2 et/ou la répartition des contraintes dans le sens transversal, sans interférence de la plaque de support 4 qui, en service, reste simplement appliquée sur la face inférieure de la traverse 5.It is therefore possible, by means of the different organs support 6, to precisely adjust the profile of cylinder 2 and / or the stress distribution in the direction transverse, without interference from the support plate 4 which, in service, remains simply applied to the face bottom of cross member 5.

De ce fait, les actions exercées sur le cylindre actif et, par conséquent, sur la bande peuvent être beaucoup plus précises que dans les dispositions connues auparavant. En particulier, le cylindre actif 2 peut présenter un profil rectiligne, concave ou convexe ou même irrégulier, avec une succession de concavités et de convexités, permettant de s'adapter de façon symétrique ou disymétrique, à toutes les situations et corriger avec précision toutes sortes de défauts. Therefore, the actions exerted on the active cylinder and, therefore, on the tape can be much more precise than in the previously known arrangements. In particular, the active cylinder 2 can have a profile straight, concave or convex or even irregular, with a succession of concavities and convexities, allowing adapt symmetrically or asymmetrically, to all situations and accurately correct all kinds of defaults.

Grâce aux vérins de réglage 6 qui peuvent être associés chacun à un codeur, le contrôle de la déformation du cylindre de planage et/ou des efforts appliqués peut être assuré, soit manuellement, par l'opérateur, à partir des résultats observés ou mesurés, soit en automatique, par exemple avec un système de préréglage à partir d'un modèle expérimental ou bien avec un système en boucle fermée associé à un dispositif de mesure et de contrôle de planéité de type connu.Thanks to the adjustment cylinders 6 which can be each associated with an encoder, control of the deformation of the leveling cylinder and / or of the forces applied may be insured, either manually, by the operator, from observed or measured results, either automatically, by example with a preset system from a template experimental or with a closed loop system associated with a measurement and control device flatness of known type.

Il faut noter, par ailleurs, que le dispositif de planage peut aussi être utilisé de façon classique pour les produits ne nécessitant pas de correction. En effet, si les vérins 6 maintiennent les pistons 62 en retrait, tous les boitiers 32 des organes d'appui sont ramenés au niveau de la plaque de support 4 elle-même appliquée contre la face inférieure 51 de la poutre 5 et l'ensemble peut être utilisé comme une unité de flexion normale.It should also be noted that the leveling can also be used conventionally for products not requiring correction. Indeed, if the cylinders 6 keep the pistons 62 recessed, all housings 32 of the support members are brought back to the level of the support plate 4 itself applied against the face lower 51 of beam 5 and the assembly can be used as a normal bending unit.

Bien entendu, l'invention ne se limite pas aux détails du mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit, des variantes pouvant être imaginées sans s'écarter du cadre de protection défini par les revendications.Of course, the invention is not limited to the details of the embodiment which has just been described, variants that can be imagined without departing from the framework of protection defined by the claims.

En particulier, dans un mode de réalisation simplifié, la plaque de support 4 pourrait faire corps avec la traverse 5, l'ensemble constituant une cassette montée coulissante horizontalement à l'intérieur de la cage et pouvant ainsi être retirée en bloc de la cage puis replacée à l'intérieur de celle-ci.In particular, in a simplified embodiment, the support plate 4 could become one with the cross 5, the assembly constituting a mounted cassette sliding horizontally inside the cage and can thus be removed as a whole from the cage and then replaced inside of it.

Cependant, dans la disposition préférentielle représentée sur les figures, la plaque de support 4 est suspendue par des galets 45 à la traverse 5 et constitue, avec l'équipage de planage comprenant le cylindre actif 2 et ses organes d'appui, une cassette particulièrement légère qui peut être soulevée par les vérins 13 dans la position de la figure 5 pour laquelle les galets 45 reposent sur deux rails 55 ménagés de part et d'autre de la traverse 5. La plaque 4 peut alors être retirée de la cage 1, par coulissement axial, pour entretien ou remplacement du cylindre actif 2 et/ou des organes d'appui, en roulant sur les rails 55, jusqu'à la position de retrait représentée sur la figure 2A. En revanche, la traverse 5 reste en place à l'intérieur de la cage, avec les vérins de réglage 6.However, in the preferential provision shown in the figures, the support plate 4 is suspended by rollers 45 from the cross-member 5 and constitutes, with the leveling crew comprising the active cylinder 2 and its supporting organs, a particularly cassette light which can be lifted by the cylinders 13 in the position of Figure 5 for which the rollers 45 rest on two rails 55 formed on either side of the crosspiece 5. Plate 4 can then be removed from the cage 1, by axial sliding, for maintenance or replacement of the active cylinder 2 and / or of the support members, while rolling on rails 55, up to the withdrawal position shown in Figure 2A. On the other hand, the cross 5 stays in place inside the cage, with the cylinders setting 6.

En outre, il est particulièrement avantageux d'utiliser une disposition à cassette tournante ayant fait l'objet du Brevet Européen N°0.446.130.In addition, it is particularly advantageous to use a rotating cassette arrangement having the subject of European Patent N ° 0.446.130.

On sait en effet que, dans une installation de planage, les moyens d'entrainement sont disposés généralement d'un même côté de la cage, l'opérateur étant placé de l'autre côté ainsi que les différents organes d'entretien.We know that in an installation of leveling, the drive means are arranged generally on the same side of the cage, the operator being placed on the other side as well as the different organs maintenance.

Comme le montre la figure 3, la plaque 4 de support de l'équipage de planage est soutenue du côté entrainement, c'est à dire vers la gauche de la figure 3, par une paire de galets 45 montée sur un organe de suspension 7 comprenant deux bras 71 portant respectivement les deux galets 45 et un corps central 7 sur lequel est suspendue l'extrémité correspondante de la plaque de support 4, par l'intermédiaire d'un tourillon 72 à axe horizontal.As shown in Figure 3, the support plate 4 the leveling crew is supported on the training side, i.e. to the left of Figure 3, by a pair rollers 45 mounted on a suspension member 7 comprising two arms 71 carrying the two respectively rollers 45 and a central body 7 on which is suspended the corresponding end of the support plate 4, by through a pin 72 with a horizontal axis.

A son extrémité opposée, c'est à dire du côté opérateur, droite de la figure 3, la plaque de support 4 comporte un second tourillon 73 placé dans l'alignement du tourillon opposé 72 et prenant appui sur un organe de support amovible ménagé sur un chariot de démontage non représenté, analogue à celui qui est décrit dans le Brevet EP N°0.446.130.At its opposite end, i.e. on the side operator, right of figure 3, the support plate 4 comprises a second pin 73 placed in alignment with the opposite pin 72 and resting on a member of removable support provided on a non-dismantling carriage shown, analogous to that described in the Patent EP N ° 0.446.130.

De la sorte, il est possible, par coulissement sur les rails 55, parallèlement à l'axe du cylindre de planage 2, de retirer l'ensemble de la cassette portant l'équipage de planage, jusqu'à la position représentée sur la figure 2A et de retourner cette cassette pour faciliter le remplacement ou l'entretien du cylindre actif et de ses organes d'appui qui, alors, sont dirigés vers le haut. In this way, it is possible, by sliding on the rails 55, parallel to the axis of the leveling cylinder 2, remove the entire cassette carrying the crew of leveling up to the position shown in Figure 2A and turn this cassette over to facilitate replacement or maintenance of the active cylinder and its supporting members which, then, are directed upwards.

Pour un entretien normal, la traverse 5 reste en place, seule la plaque 4 étant retirée avec l'équipage de planage. Cet allégement de la cassette mobile et tournante facilite les manoeuvres.For normal maintenance, the crossmember 5 remains in place, only the plate 4 being removed with the crew of leveling. This lightening of the mobile and rotating cassette facilitates maneuvers.

Après entretien, l'ensemble de la cassette est remis en place et la plaque 4 peut être fixée par rapport à la traverse 51, grâce à un verrou 74, dans une position pour laquelle les orifices 46 et les plaquettes 65 sont parfaitement centrés sur l'axe des pistons 62.After maintenance, the entire cassette is returned in place and plate 4 can be fixed relative to the crosspiece 51, thanks to a latch 74, in a position for which the orifices 46 and the plates 65 are perfectly centered on the axis of the pistons 62.

Cependant, pour l'entretien des vérins 6 placés à l'intérieur de la traverse 5, il est préférable de pouvoir également retirer celle-ci de la cage. C'est pourquoi la traverse 5 est avantageusement suspendue à une plaque transversale 14 s'étendant entre les deux montants 11 et 12 de la cage et fixée sur les extrémités des tiges des deux vérins de réglage 13a, 13b. De part et d'autre du plan médian P1 de la traverse 5 et de l'équipage de planage, la plaque 14 est munie de deux rails 15 sur lesquels peuvent rouler des galets 56 montés rotatifs au-dessus du niveau des rails 15.However, for the maintenance of the jacks 6 placed at inside the cross-member 5, it is preferable to be able to also remove it from the cage. This is why the crosspiece 5 is advantageously suspended from a plate transverse 14 extending between the two uprights 11 and 12 of the cage and fixed on the ends of the rods of the two adjustment cylinders 13a, 13b. On either side of the plan median P1 of sleeper 5 and the leveling crew, the plate 14 is provided with two rails 15 on which can roll rollers 56 mounted rotating above the level rails 15.

La traverse 5 peut ainsi être suspendue à la plaque transversale 14 par deux paires de galets 56 portées par des bras 57 fixés, respectivement, à ses deux extrémités.The cross-member 5 can thus be suspended from the plate transverse 14 by two pairs of rollers 56 carried by arms 57 fixed, respectively, at its two ends.

Toutefois, dans le cas ou l'on utilise, comme indiqué plus haut, un chariot de démontage de la cassette, celui-ci peut également, prendre en charge la traverse 5 qui est alors munie, du côté entrainement, de galets de suspension 56 et, du côté opérateur, d'un moyen amovible 59 d'appui sur le chariot de démontage.However, in the case where one uses, as indicated higher, a carriage for removing the cassette, this can also take charge of cross 5 which is then fitted, on the drive side, with suspension rollers 56 and, on the operator side, a removable support means 59 on the dismantling carriage.

Grâce à ces dispositions, il est possible de retirer de la cage, soit la cassette 4 seule, en roulant sur les rails 55 de la traverse 5, soit l'ensemble de la cassette 4 et de la traverse 5, en faisant rouler celle-ci sur les rails 15 du support 14.Thanks to these provisions, it is possible to withdraw of the cage, that is cassette 4 alone, by rolling on the rails 55 of the cross-member 5, ie the whole of the cassette 4 and cross 5, rolling it on the rails 15 of the support 14.

Dans le premier cas, représenté sur la figure 5 et qui correspond à l'entretien normal, la traverse 5 reste fixée à la cage par l'organe de verrouillage 18, la plaque de support 4 étant suspendue à la face inférieure 51.In the first case, shown in Figure 5 and which corresponds to normal maintenance, crosspiece 5 remains fixed to the cage by the locking member 18, the plate support 4 being suspended from the underside 51.

Dans le second cas, qui correspond à un entretien des vérins 6, la plaque 4 est maintenue appliquée contre la face inférieure 51 de la traverse 5 et se déplace donc avec celle-ci.In the second case, which corresponds to an interview of the cylinders 6, the plate 4 is kept pressed against the underside 51 of the cross-member 5 and therefore moves with this one.

Après retrait pour entretien et remise en place de la cassette 4 et, éventuellement de la traverse 5, l'ensemble est appliqué sur les butées 16 de la cage et maintenu par les plaques latérales 58 dans une position de service fixée par les dispositifs de verrouillage 74 et 18 et pour laquelle la traverse 5 et la plaque 4 font corps avec la cage 1 de façon à résister aux efforts verticaux appliqués par la bande sur le cylindre actif 2 en cours de planage.After removal for maintenance and replacement of the cassette 4 and, possibly of the cross-member 5, the assembly is applied to the stops 16 of the cage and maintained by the side plates 58 in a fixed service position by the locking devices 74 and 18 and for which the cross 5 and the plate 4 are integral with the cage 1 so as to resist the vertical forces applied by the strip on the active cylinder 2 during planing.

Généralement, pour corriger l'ensemble des défauts détectés, il sera suffisant d'utiliser un seul équipage de planage, normalement l'équipage supérieur D1, associé, selon l'invention à des organes 6 de positionnement des moyens d'appui 31.Generally, to correct all faults detected, it will be sufficient to use a single crew of leveling, normally the upper crew D1, associated, according to the invention to members 6 for positioning support means 31.

C'est pourquoi, dans l'exemple représenté sur les figures 1 et 2 l'unité de flexion inférieure D2 est réalisée de façon classique, les organes d'appui 3' du cylindre actif inférieur 2' étant directement fixé sur un châssis 4' en forme de poutre relativement rigide qui prend appui sur le sommier 5' par l'intermédiaire de vérins mécaniques 13'a, 13'b.This is why, in the example shown on the Figures 1 and 2 the lower bending unit D2 is carried out in a conventional manner, the support members 3 'of the lower active cylinder 2 'being directly attached to a 4 'chassis in the form of a relatively rigid beam which takes support on the 5 'base by means of jacks mechanical 13'a, 13'b.

De préférence, ceux-ci sont reliés de façon amovible avec le châssis de support 4' qui, forme avec l'équipage inférieur 2', 3', une cassette interchangeable susceptible d'être retirée de la cage en roulant sur des rails inférieurs 51'.Preferably, these are removably connected with the 4 'support frame which forms with the crew lower 2 ', 3', an interchangeable cassette capable of to be removed from the cage while rolling on rails lower 51 '.

Toutefois, il serait possible, dans un mode de réalisation encore plus perfectionné de réaliser l'unité de flexion inférieure de façon analogue à l'unité supérieure, le châssis de support étant alors constitué d'une simple plaque appliquée directement sur la traverse fixe 5', les organes d'appui 3' étant monté dans des boitiers dont la position pourrait être réglée individuellement de la façon indiquée plus haut.However, it would be possible, in a mode of even more perfected achievement of achieving unity of lower bending analogously to the upper unit, the support frame then being made up of a simple plate applied directly to the 5 'fixed crossbar, support members 3 'being mounted in housings, the position could be adjusted individually in the way indicated above.

Comme le montre la figure 1, une installation de planage pourrait donc avantageusement comporter un ou deux ensemble de planage D D' comportant chacun une unité de flexion supérieure perfectionnée selon l'invention pour réaliser un cambrage et/ou une correction de forme des cylindres, un dispositif anti-tuile E et un ensemble à multi-rouleaux F. Une telle disposition permet de traiter globalement l'ensemble des problèmes de planage qui peuvent se poser en pratique, en assurant notamment les fonctions suivantes :

  • planage sur les unités de flexion telles que réalisées sur les cages de planage habituelles, les vérins de positionnement 6 étant alors rétractés ;
  • cambrage et correction de forme sur les unités de flexion supérieures ou seulement l'une d'entre elles afin de prévenir la génération d'un défaut de planéité lié, généralement, à des problèmes de flexion et/ou d'hétérogénéité transversale de la bande ;
  • correction de la tuile et du cintre ;
  • atténuation des contraintes internes résiduelles par l'ensemble multi-rouleaux.
As shown in FIG. 1, a leveling installation could therefore advantageously include one or two leveling assembly DD 'each comprising an improved upper bending unit according to the invention for bending and / or correcting the shape of the cylinders, a anti-tile device E and a multi-roller assembly F. Such an arrangement makes it possible to deal overall with all of the leveling problems which may arise in practice, in particular ensuring the following functions:
  • planing on the bending units as produced on the usual planing cages, the positioning jacks 6 then being retracted;
  • camber and shape correction on the upper bending units or only one of them in order to prevent the generation of a flatness defect linked, generally, to problems of bending and / or transverse heterogeneity of the strip ;
  • correction of the tile and the hanger;
  • attenuation of residual internal stresses by the multi-roller assembly.

Le contrôle de l'ensemble peut être effectué soit, directement par l'opérateur lui-même, soit à l'aide d'un système de pré-réglage, soit en boucle fermée avec un dispositif de contrôle de planéité.The assembly can be checked either, directly by the operator himself, either using a pre-setting system, either in closed loop with a flatness control device.

Par ailleurs, dans l'exemple de réalisation décrit plus haut, le cylindre de planage prend appui, de façon classique, sur des rouleaux intermédiaires et des galets de soutien. Les dispositions selon l'invention pourraient cependant s'appliquer à d'autres moyens de soutien avec possibilité de rotation du cylindre comme, par exemple, des coussinets lisses. Furthermore, in the embodiment described higher, the leveling cylinder is supported so classic, on intermediate rollers and rollers support. The arrangements according to the invention could however apply to other means of support with possibility of rotation of the cylinder such as, for example, smooth pads.

Les signes de référence insérés après les caractéristiques techniques mentionnées dans les revendications, ont pour seul but de faciliter la compréhension de ces dernières, et n'en limitent aucunement la portée.The reference signs inserted after the technical characteristics mentioned in the claims are intended only to facilitate the understanding of these, and in no way limit them the scope.

Claims (16)

  1. Levelling machine with parallel cylinders for a strip product (A) moving in a longitudinal direction x'x, with an average plane of motion P and comprising inside a fixed frame in the form of a cage with two separated uprights (11, 12), at least one pair of levelling mechanisms, respectively an upper mechanism (D1) and a lower mechanism (D2), which are placed one on each side of the strip (A) and each of which comprises an active levelling cylinder (2) mounted, so that it can rotate about an axis perpendicular to the direction of motion of the strip, at least one of the levelling cylinder (2) bearing, with the possibility of rotating around the axis thereof, on a face (51, 4) of a strong beamshaped crosspiece (5) extending transversely between the uprights (11, 12) of the cage (1) through a series of separated bearing members (3) each associated with a positioning member (6) of variable length and distributed along the length of the cylinder (2), each bearing member (3) comprising at least a bearing section (31) mounted in a casing (32) and each associated positioning member (6) comprising an actuator having a first element (61) fixed on the crosspiece (5) and a second moveable element (62) the position of which can be adjusted with respect to the first element (61) perpendicularly to the average plane of motion (P) for the individual adjustment of the level of the bearing section (31) with respect to the crosspiece (5),
       characterized in that each casing (32) of a bearing member (3) is connected to the crosspiece (5) by connecting means (42, 43) with clearance associated with return means (44) providing application of said casing (32) against the bearing face (51, 4) of the crosspiece (5) in a withdrawal position of the corresponding actuator and allowing a slight separation, on the opposite side, of the bearing member (3) under the action of said actuator (6).
  2. Levelling machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the moveable element (62) of each actuator (6) bears on the casing (32) of the corresponding bearing member (3) through a thrust surface (65') providing an essentially localized bearing in the actuator axis (6) and engaging the casing (32) on the opposite side with the return means (44) of the casing (32).
  3. Levelling machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting means with clearance of each casing (32) with the bearing surface (51, 4) of the crosspiece (5) comprise at least one suspension rod (42) of the casing (32) with the possibility of clearance transversely to the crosspiece (5), each rod (42) being associated with a member (44) for elastic return of the casing (32) towards the crosspiece (5), with sliding along the said rod (42).
  4. Levelling machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each bearing member (3) comprises at least one roller (31) mounted so that it can rotate on the casing (32) about an axis parallel to that of the levelling cylinder, and on which the levelling cylinder (2) bears with the possibility of rotating about its axis.
  5. Levelling machine according to Claim 4, characterized in that at least one intermediate roll (21) is inserted between the levelling cylinder (2) and the associated support rollers (31).
  6. Levelling machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the crosspiece (5) associated with the upper levelling mechanism (D1) comprises a beam bearing at least at the ends thereof on two uprights (11, 12) of the cage (1) and forming an hollow frame in which are provided the actuators (6), said latter comprising each a first element (61) fixed on a plane lower face (51) of the crosspiece (5) and a second element (62) bearing on the casing (32) of the corresponding bearing element (3) in the spacing direction towards the bottom of said latter.
  7. Levelling machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each positioning member (6) is a mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic jack comprising a first element forming a hollow body (61) fixed on the bearing face (51) of the crosspiece (5), and inside which there is mounted, so that it can slide, a second element (62) which forms a piston for adjusting the corresponding bearing member (3).
  8. Levelling machine according to Claim 7, characterized in that each positioning member (6) is a screw jack with clearance compensation associated with a motor-reduction gear assembly (64) with encoder for adjusting the position of the corresponding bearing member (3) according to the information given by an operator or an automatic control system.
  9. Levelling machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each casing (32) of a bearing member (3) is fixed with a clearance and kept applied by return means (44) against a support frame (4) which is kept applied in use on the bearing face (51) of the crosspiece (5), said frame (4) being provided with a series of holes (46) which are formed respectively in line with each casing (32) for the passage of the mobile element (62, 65) of the actuator (6) associated with the said casing (32).
  10. Levelling machine according to Claim 9, characterized in that an intermediate part (65) is inserted between the mobile element (62) of each actuator (6) and the casing (32) of the corresponding bearing member (3), the said intermediate part (65) being housed in the corresponding hole (46) of the support frame (4) and mounted so that it can slide inside it transversely to the axis of the active cylinder (2) in order to form a piston actuated by the positioning member (6).
  11. Levelling machine according to Claim 10, characterized in that each intermediate part (65) is provided with a convex rounded face (65') forming a substantially localized bearing on the corresponding casing (32).
  12. Levelling machine according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that each levelling cylinder (2) is mounted so that it can rotate on two bearings (22) each mounted on a support (41, 41') fixed on the frame (4), the latter thus carrying the entire levelling mechanism comprising the levelling cylinder (2), possibly one or several intermediate rollers (23), and the corresponding bearing members (3) and forming a removable cassette mounted on the crosspiece (5) with a possibility of movement parallel to the axis of the cylinder for removing and installing the levelling mechanism.
  13. Levelling machine according to Claim 12, characterized in that the support frame (4) consists of a plate capable of pressing against a retaining face (51) of the crosspiece (5) and in that each intermediate part (65) associated with a bearing member (3) forms a platelet with approximately the same thickness as the support plate (4) and housed in a hole (46) thereof.
  14. Levelling machine according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the support frame (4) is equipped with at least one pair of rollers (45) rolling on two rails (55) provided along the crosspiece (5) parallel to the axis of the levelling cylinder (2) in order to allow the cassette (4. 3. 2) to be removed by rolling along the said rails (5).
  15. Levelling machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each crosspiece (5) is mounted so that it can slide on the two uprights (11, 12) of the cage (1), transversely to the average plane of motion P of the strip, and is associated with at least one jack (13) displacing the said crosspiece between a working position and a withdrawn position.
  16. Levelling machine according to Claim 15, characterized in that the upper crosspiece (5) associated with the upper levelling mechanism (D1) is supported, in the withdrawn position, by at least one pair of rollers (56) bearing with clearance on a support part (14), the vertical position of which can be adjusted by at least one jack (13), the said support part (14) carrying two rails (15) on which the said rollers (56) can roll to allow the withdrawal of the assembly formed by the upper crosspiece and the levelling mechanism and the repositioning thereof.
EP96402121A 1995-10-06 1996-10-04 Straightening machine with parallel cylinders Expired - Lifetime EP0767014B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9511822 1995-10-06
FR9511822A FR2739578B1 (en) 1995-10-06 1995-10-06 PARALLEL CYLINDER PLANER

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EP0767014A1 EP0767014A1 (en) 1997-04-09
EP0767014B1 true EP0767014B1 (en) 2000-06-21

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US (1) US5758534A (en)
EP (1) EP0767014B1 (en)
DE (2) DE69608937T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2739578B1 (en)

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DE69608937T2 (en) 2001-03-01
DE69608937D1 (en) 2000-07-27
EP0767014A1 (en) 1997-04-09
US5758534A (en) 1998-06-02
FR2739578B1 (en) 1998-01-02
DE767014T1 (en) 1997-09-25
FR2739578A1 (en) 1997-04-11

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