FR2705747A1 - System for attaching flame-retarding panels - Google Patents

Abstract

System for attaching flame-retarding panels (10) to a cast structure. The panels include projecting elements (302). In use, the panels cover formwork (306), the projecting elements pointing inwards. When the formwork is removed, the panels are incorporated into the cast structure via the projecting elements. The same bolts (308) are used to fasten the panels to the formwork and to fasten the seals between panels after the formwork is removed.

Description

FIREPROOF PANEL FIXING SYSTEM

  The present invention relates generally to flame retardants and more particularly to flame retardant panels. Fireproofing is an important segment of a

  overall fire protection system, for pro-

  protect people and property. The fireproofing is ap-

  plicated on a certain type of substrate. Typically

  that we apply fireproofing to structural elements

  real in areas where fire may occur. In case

  fire retardancy delays the rate of increase

  tion of the temperature of the structural elements, so

  that the destruction temperature of these elements is

  tint with a delay of several hours. During the delay period, the fire can be extinguished or, at the

  least, we can look at the structure safely. When-

  that we don't use fireproofing, sometimes

  structural elements are destroyed in less than 15 minutes

  tes, which leads to a collapse of the structure.

  Fireproofing is also applied to elements such as walls, watertight bulkheads or

  ship decks. In the event of a fire, fireproofing

  delays the temperature increase behind the element.

  When a flammable material is stored behind the element

  fireproofing can prevent inflammation of the material.

  favorably until the fire is out. Fireproofing is also applied to pressure tanks. Fireproofing reduces the risk of tank rupture. Thus, fireproofing reduces the

  risk of explosion or release of hazardous material-

reuse contained in the tank.

  Fireproofing is also used on

  cable laying ducts. Fireproofing can now

  nid the circuits installed in the chute in function-

  for an extended period of time, in case of fire.

  A widely used type of fireproofing is a re-

  garment producing carbonization. This coating can be said to be ablation, sublimation or intumescent. These coatings can be supplied in the form of a low viscosity paint or a sealant.

  high viscosity. These coatings are sprayed or applied

  plowed with a trowel or brush on a substrate.

  Some of these coatings are used in combination

  hoeing with a mesh or a mesh element. Some-

  some coverings use combustible grate and

  others an incombustible grill, for example a grill-

  steel beam. With certain coatings, the mesh is mechanically mounted on the substrate; with others,

  it is simply embedded in the coating.

  When these coatings are exposed to a fire, they undergo a number of state changes - from

  solid to liquid, liquid to gas and solid to ga-

  zeux - which absorb part of the energy of the fire, and they insulate the substrate. Exposure to fire results in the formation of charred material which may be thicker, as thick or less thick than the coating

  not exposed to fire, depending on the material.

  The aforementioned mesh element can fulfill one or more functions. The mesh can be used to retain

  charred material on the substrate during a fire

  die, it also reduces the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the fire retardant coating and the substrate, such as steel or concrete. It thus serves to prevent the coating from peeling off from the substrate, in particular in environments where the temperature

  varies over a wide range. In other cases, the grill-

  The reinforcement reinforces the fireproof coating before an in-

  fire, to reduce deterioration of the

  fireproofing which could be caused by shocks or

a movement of the substrate.

  An example of a fire retardant compound which

  gender-a carbonization product is a CHARTEK intumescent epoxy coating sold by Textron Specialty Materials, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA. Other similar materials are described in US Pat. No. 3,849,178

by Feldman.

  It has been suggested that the cost of installing a

  fireproofing could be reduced if the sub-

  strat with fireproof panels.

  panels without the special equipment needed to

  ply fireproof coatings. In addition, the prepa-

  surface ration - necessary before applying a

  clothing can be omitted if panels are used.

  In addition, a coating can be applied to a structure.

  exterior ture only if the weather conditions are favorable during application and hardening of the coating. The installation of panels is very dependent

less bad weather.

  Panels made of fireproof material

  tion similar to concrete are available in the com-

  thank you. For example, US Patent No. 4,567,705 to Carlson describes such panels. To protect a substrate, steel legs are welded to the substrate, following a

  predetermined configuration. The positions of the legs

  correspond to holes provided in the panels. The pan-

  They are then mounted on the legs and bolted to the substrate.

  To cover a substrate larger than a pan

  neau unique, several panels are mounted on the substrate.

  The panels are against each other and the stuffing is stuffed

  spacing between the panels to create a moisture barrier. However, the panels are very heavy and difficult to install in some places. Furthermore,

  these panels are not used when the flame retardant

tion must be class A or H.

  Light elements have also been proposed.

  briquetted in carbonizable compounds. US Patent No. 4,493,945 describes lightweight flame retardant elements used to cover a substrate. Relatively complicated fixing mechanisms are used. In addition, the carbonisable compound in its liquid state (putty) must be used to seal the joints between the

elements.

  The elements described in US Patent No. 4,493,945 have also been prepared in the form of panels. Panels are attached to walls or large substrates by bolting these panels to tabs mounted on the substrate. We then cover the joints

  between panels and bolts by a carbonized compound

wheat, in liquid form.

  Although the use of panels has many advantages, methods have not been proposed for

  install fireproof panels on some structures

  tures. For example, offshore drilling platform bridges used by the petroleum industry rest

  on a small number of concrete beams or structures.

  These platform bridges are used in drilling

  of oil or gas, or for the treatment of hydrocarbon-

  res. In order to support the weight of the bridge, each beam

  has a cross section of more than 232 dm2. The pu-

  tres are usually cast in a shipbuilding yard, then floated to the site where the platform must be installed

oil drilling.

  To obtain high mechanical resistance but low weight, the beams are made of specially modified concrete. Although concrete is generally fire-resistant and is even used in some cases

  as a fireproofing material, this specially modified concrete

  fié can lose its resistance in a fire. In addition, due to the serious consequences of the failure of a beam, it is desirable to provide fireproofing on the concrete in order to prevent the metal of the reinforcements inside the beam from reaching the temperature at which

it may be faulty.

  Because of the large dimension of these beams

  and the position of the beams below the deck bridge

  form of oil drilling, it is difficult to apply

  quer fireproofing these beams.

  The object of the present invention is therefore to pro-

  clean fireproof panels that are easy to install

  taller. The object of the invention is also to provide fireproofing panels which can cover a

large substrate.

  Another object of the invention is to provide fireproofing panels which can be fixed to

a concrete substrate.

  The above objects of the invention, as well

  that others, can be reached by a sign of igni-

  fugation to which a projecting element is attached. For fi-

  fix the panels to a poured substrate, cover the cof-

  casting run of the substrate with panels whose projecting elements are turned inward. The substrate is then poured into the formwork, which results in the projecting elements being embedded in

the substrate.

  In accordance with an embodiment of the in-

  vention, we bolt the panels to the face of the formwork

  before pouring the substrate into the formwork. After removal

  the formwork of the substrate, the bolts can also be used to fix the joints between panels

adjacent.

  According to another embodiment of the invention, the fireproofing panels are manufactured

  by molding a sheet of open mesh in the ma-

  fireproof. The protruding element is formed by inserting a clip which engages the mesh. The invention will be better understood on reading

  of the detailed description below, with reference to

  attached drawings in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a fireproofing panel, partially cut; Figure 2 is a sectional view of a mold used to form the panel shown in Figure 1;

  Figure 3 is a sectional view of a device

  panel fixing frame; and Figure 4 is a schematic view of a

  clip used to constitute the fixing device

tion of panel of figure 3.

  Figure 1 shows a fire retardant panel.

  tion 10 according to the invention. The fireproof panel -

  tion 10 is molded from a flame retardant coating material

  known gation, as described below in more detail-

lée.

  The fireproofing panel 10 has a ban-

  quette 12 along two edges. An overhang 14 is provided along the other two edges. When we place two

  fireproof panels side by side with the same orientation

  tion, the bench seat 12 of a panel and the overhang 14 of

  the other panel will mate to form a joint to re-

covering.

  A wire mesh 16 is embedded in the pan

  fireproofing 10. In the illustrated case, the mesh 16 is an open mesh with mesh of 12.7 mm x 12.7 mm (0.5 inch x 0.5 inch) in wire of diameter 1.02mm (gauge 19

  according to S.W.G.). The mesh 16 reinforces the material of: i-

  7 hardened fireproofing, before a fire. During a fire, the grill-

  Age 16 reinforces the carbonization product when it forms. Of course, other dimensions and types of grids can be used for these functions. Expanded metal5, aviary screen, strong fabric and perforated metal are examples of materials that can be

  use. The term "mesh" used here generally designates any similar material having numerous openings.10 A second mesh element is also embedded in the fireproofing panel 10. In the case illus-

  very, this mesh is a perforated metal 18. Unlike the wire mesh 16, the perforated metal 18 is disposed in only part of the fireproofing panel 10.15 More specifically, the perforated metal 18 is provided only

in the bench or ledge 12.

  When the fireproofing panel 10 is mounted to protect a certain substrate (not shown) against

  fire, its front surface 20 is turned away from the substrate. When mounting several panels of fireproofing-

  tion so as to form overlapping joints, the perforated metal 18 of one of the panels is always placed

  behind the lap joint. A bolt (e.g.

  ple bolt 302 in Figure 3) through the mesh

  16 on one panel and the perforated metal 18 on the other panel.

  Thus, the two panels are held tightly together.

  seem at the location of the lap joint, by the bolt (bolt 302, figure 3). In the illustrated case, the perforated metal 18 is a 22 gauge perforated metal having round holes of 2.4 mm (3/32 ") at distances between axes of 4.0 mm (5/32"). Other types of perforated metal can be used, but a perforated metal is preferred which is not less dense than a metal with holes of 4.8 mm (3/16 ") between axes of 6.4 mm ( 1/4 inch). If a denser perforated metal is used, there should be enough holes in the perforated metal to allow the flame retardant to flow through the perforated metal during molding, and for

  ensure a solid bond of the perforated metal 18 to the panel.

  We now refer to Figure 2 which

  presents a mold for the manufacture of an i-panel

  waterproofing 110. The mold is prepared on a table or other suitable base 30. Corner brackets 32 are fixed to the table 30. It is possible to use screws, clamps or other suitable fixing means. The angle brackets 32 define the limits of the panel

  fireproofing panels 10. We manufacture fireproofing panels

  tion to any desired dimension. In the illustrated case, the panels are squares approximately 0.9m (3 feet) wide. The angle brackets 32 are therefore mounted on the table 30 so as to define a square 0.9 m side. During manufacture, a shoulder rod 34 is placed in the mold, along each edge

  which must have a bench seat 12 (Figure 1). Over there-

  shoulder guard 34 is made of metal, of plastic material

  or wooden and it is fixed in place by a gou-

  plunder 38 or by any other convenient means, for example screws. The mold parts are then coated with a commercially available non-stick molding product. Alternatively, the mold can be coated with

TEFLON.

  Next, spacers or shims 112a and 112b are placed in the mold. Wedges 112a and

  112b keep the mesh 16 away from the surface

  ce 20. The thickness of the shims 112a and 112b is not imperfect.

  rative. It should be about half the thickness

of the finished panel.

  Since the shims 112a and 112b become a

  component of the finished panel, they must be in one

  fire resistant. The fire resistant material can be molded to the desired dimensions of the spacers 112a and 112b. Alternatively, it can be molded in one

  sheet and cut to size, after hardening

  is lying. A suitable material is also described in

  U.S. Patent No. 4,529,467, but many endless products

  Commercial flashlights are acceptable.

  Then pour fireproofing material into the mold until the fireproofing material

  arrives at about the top of shoulder 34. The ma-

  any known fire resistant material which

  is usually applied in a liquid state and which lasts

cit then.

  The wire mesh 16 is then placed in the mold. The shoulder 36 is also placed in the mold and held in place by a pin 40. The shoulder 36

  maintains an edge of the mesh 16 in place.

  A shoulder 36 is placed along each

  edge which does not already contain a shoulder 34. The

  tie of the panel 10 located under the shoulder 36 forms the

overhang 14.

  Then we add more fire retardant material.

  gation 44 in the mold so as to cover the mesh 16. The perforated metal 18 is placed in the mold, above

  of the shoulder 34. A pin 42 is inserted for

  Note that the perforated metal 18 remains embedded in the fireproofing material 44. The mold is then filled with the fireproofing material, up to the top of the shoulder 36. The fireproofing material 44 is then smoothed with a trowel. or by means of a vibrating table 30. It is not

  fireproofing material 44 does not have to be

  completely smooth since the top surface of the mold will be mounted opposite a substrate and will not be visible. At

  on the contrary, the upper surface 20 (FIG. 1) is the surface

  face applied against table 20. This surface will be smooth. The fireproofing material is then allowed to set or harden. The material can be left to air dry or it can be accelerated by setting the whole mold in an oven. After hardening, you can

remove the panel from the mold.

  The panel 10 can be modified so as to

  include a plurality of protruding elements, in order to easily

  liter fixing the panels to cast surfaces.

  The projecting element can be formed in various ways, for example by screwing or sealing metal strips

  or wire mesh on the back of the panels. Alternatively, the sheets

  the perforated metal or wire mesh placed inside the panel can be folded outwards before filling the mold with the fireproofing material. Figure 3 illustrates a preferred method of forming

  protruding parts in the panels.

  Figure 3 shows an elastic clip

  302 inserted into the panel during the molding operation

  ge. The clip is engaged with a part of the panel, for example with the mesh 16 placed in the panel. The clip 302 is made of an elastic material, such as spring-loaded stainless steel. During manufacture, the sides 314 and 316 of the clip 302 can be brought closer to one another, which makes it possible to introduce the ends 318a and 318b into an opening in the screen 16. Once the clip 302 is inserted far enough into the panel

  so that its ends 318a and 318b pass through the grill

  lage 16, the sides 314 and 316 are released. Due to the elastic nature of the clip 302, the sides 314 and 316 move away from one another and come into contact with

  the mesh 16. When the staple 302 is pulled outwards

  laughing of the panel, the curved portions of the ends 318a and 318b cling to the mesh 16. When the material 11 used to manufacture the panel 10 hardens, the clip

  302 is securely attached to the panel 10 and has an outgoing or projecting part.

  The patent application US 07/690 519 filed April 24, 1991 and entitled "Fireproofing Panel System" (which is incorporated here by reference) indicates that

  film sheet can be pressed into the back of a pan-

  during the molding of the panel. In addition to the advantages described in the aforementioned patent application, such a film

  may be desirable to isolate the flame retardant material

  tion of the panel of moisture which could remain in the material poured from the structure. If such a film is used, it must be applied as described in the aforementioned patent application, then split to allow

inserting staples 302.

  The number of staples inserted in panel 10 must be chosen on the basis of the type of material for which

  the panel 10 will be fixed, and depending on the weight of the pan-

  neau 10. Preferably, several staples are provided per

  panel, with at least one clip at each corner of the panel

  neau. Larger panels require more staples. Figure 4 shows in more detail

  a preferred embodiment of the staple 302 used

  ble with a panel comprising a grill reinforcement

  age. Clip 302 can be formed from a strip

  0.25 inch (6.4 mm) wide stainless steel

  12 gauge spring loaded, folded to desired configuration.

  To engage with a mesh, we choose the di-

  mension D substantially equal to the width of two openings

  tures, so that the staple mates with the mesh

  16 as shown in FIG. 3. We choose the di-

  mension L to a value greater than half the width

  opening of the screen. This spacing ensures

  that the ends 318a and 318b of the clip 302 are in-

  placed in adjacent openings in the screen and not

  in the same opening. The dimensions indicated are il-

  of the dimensions usable for panels

  with 12.7 mm (0.5 inch) openings. Others di-

  mensions can be used and they must be chosen according to known techniques to produce

an easy to make staple.

  Returning to FIG. 3 which illustrates the way in which the panels can be fixed to the external surface

  of a cast structure. Such structures are classified

  sically manufactured by construction of forms having the desired shape. The material, for example concrete, is then poured into the formwork and allowed to harden. After

  hardening of the material, the formwork is removed.

  To attach the fireproof panels to the

  structure, the interior of the formwork is coated with pan-

  fireproofing before pouring the concrete into the formwork. The panels must be strongly held against the formwork to ensure that they are on

  the outer surface of the concrete when removing the cof-

* frages.In the illustrated case, the panels, such as the pan-

  nes 10a and 10b, overlap at the place of their parts 12 and 14, respectively. A hole is then drilled through the overlapping part of the panels and through the formwork 306. A bolt 308 is inserted through the hole and it is blocked with a washer 310 and a nut 312. The interior of the formwork 306 is coated

  with panels, in this way, in all the re-

  areas where fire protection is desired. Then pour concrete, or some other structural material,

in the formwork.

  As shown in Figure 3, the clip

  302 protrudes into concrete 304. When hard concrete-

  cit, panels 10a, 10b, etc. are thus securely

  stained with concrete 304. You can remove the nut 312 and the

  washer 310. The formwork 306 can then be removed.

  The washer 310 and the nut 312 can then be replaced on the bolt 308. In this configuration, the bolt 308 keeps the joint between the panels 10a and 10b tightly closed. If we want, we can cut

  the excess part of the bolt 308, at the location of a

  gene 320. The joint between panels a and 10b can be caulked with a weather resistant product,

  to prevent moisture from reaching the structure.

  In order to facilitate the transport of panels

  holding protruding elements, protruding elements

  can be made of a material that can be folded down

  lie flat against the surface of the panel 10. The spring steel described above is suitable for this function

  but you can use a wide variety of other materials

  res. In this way, the projecting elements can be folded down after the panels have hardened, to allow their transport to the place of installation. In addition, the projecting elements do not interfere when fixing the

  formwork panels. Before pouring the concrete,

  then leads the projecting elements into the active position.

  Preferred modes of implementation have been described.

  vre of the invention but other embodiments will appear to those skilled in the art. The configuration and position of the protruding element can be changed to facilitate the fabrication of the staples. For example, a metal tape or other suitable material can be used to form the protruding member. On the other hand, the projecting elements can be formed in a wide variety of configurations. For example, the protruding element may have a larger portion

  embedded in the cast material. Furthermore, he was not born

  necessary that the protruding element has a loop

  closed as shown in the preferred embodiment.

  Fixing mechanisms can be used, in addition to bolt 308. In addition, if using

  panels without overlapping joints, it is not

  stop reattaching the nuts on the bolts 308,

  since the panels will be held in place by the

  protruding embedded in the cast substrate. In

  in such cases, the protruding part of the plug can be cut

lon 308.

  Another embodiment can be obtained by incorporating a protruding element on the bolt 308. With this configuration, it is possible to eliminate the protruding elements on the fireproofing panels, the panels being held on the substrate only by the bolts. Other embodiments can be obtained

  by using the fixing system for ignition panels

  fugation with other types of substrates. We used

  poured concrete as an example, only for illustration

  tif. Any type of poured substrate can be protected from

this way.

Claims (17)

  1.- Fireproofing panel (10), characterized in that it comprises: a. a region made of fireproofing material (44); and B. a projecting element (302) fixed to the material   flame retardant and extending outside the re- area of fireproofing material.   2.- Panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the projecting element (302) is a folded sheet of metal.   3.- Panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the panel comprises a mesh sheet (16) embedded in the fireproofing material and in that the projecting element (302) is fixed to the mesh. 4.- Panel according to claim 3, characterized in that the projecting element is an elastic clip (302) which hooks into the mesh (16). 5. Panel according to claim 4, characterized in that the fireproofing material is a   intumescent material of epoxy type.   6.- Panel according to claim 5, characterized in that the panel has at least one   substantially flat surface and the protruding element   tends substantially perpendicularly from the flat surface.   7.- Panel according to claim 6,   characterized in that the projecting element is sufficient   foldable to be folded against the flat surface   then brought back to the perpendicular position.   8.- Panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the projecting element is fixed to   a bolt (308) which passes through the fireproofing material.   9.- Method of manufacturing an i-panel   Fireproofing, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: a. provision of curable fireproofing material (44) depending on the configuration of the panel (10); and B. inserting a projecting member (302) into the curable fireproofing material, so that a portion of the projecting member extends from fireproofing material.   10.- Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the step of disposing of fireproofing material comprises the incorporation of a sheet of   perforated material (16,18) in the fireproofing material.   11.- Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the step of inserting a projecting element comprises the attachment of the projecting element with the perforated sheet.   12.- Method of applying i-panels   Fireproofing to a poured structure, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: a. coating a formwork (306) with a plurality of fireproofing panels (10a, lOb), each panel having at least one projecting element (302) which extends opposite the formwork; and B. filling the formwork with the material (304) of the structure.   13.- Method according to claim 12, characterized in that it further comprises the step of   fixing fireproof panels to the front of the box   frage before pouring the material of the structure into it.   14.- Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the fixing step comprises passing a bolt (308) through each panel   (10) and through the formwork (306).   15.- Method according to claim 14, characterized in that it further comprises the steps of: a. removal of the formwork (306); and B. using bolts (308) to hold them together   adjacent panels of the plurality of panels.   16.- Method according to claim 15, characterized in that:   at. each of the panels (10a, 10b) includes a ban-   quet (12) and an overhang (14); b. the panels are placed in the mold so that the overhang of a panel overlaps the seat of an adjacent panel; and c. the bolts (308) pass through the benches and overlapping overhangs.   17.- Structural element of a pet platform   concrete trolière, characterized in that it comprises   takes fireproof panels mounted in accordance   the method of claim 12.