FR2607854A1 - Technique for strengthening a frame and components necessary for implementing this technique - Google Patents

Technique for strengthening a frame and components necessary for implementing this technique Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2607854A1
FR2607854A1 FR8617446A FR8617446A FR2607854A1 FR 2607854 A1 FR2607854 A1 FR 2607854A1 FR 8617446 A FR8617446 A FR 8617446A FR 8617446 A FR8617446 A FR 8617446A FR 2607854 A1 FR2607854 A1 FR 2607854A1
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Prior art keywords
technique
frames
main beam
parts
pal
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FR8617446A
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French (fr)
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CHARLEY CATHERINE
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CHARLEY CATHERINE
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Priority to FR8617446A priority Critical patent/FR2607854A1/en
Priority to FR8703763A priority patent/FR2612230A2/en
Publication of FR2607854A1 publication Critical patent/FR2607854A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0266Enlarging
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/18Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with metal or other reinforcements or tensioning members
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E04C3/292Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being wood and metal
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0281Repairing or restoring roofing or roof covering

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

Technique for strengthening a frame and components necessary for implementing this technique. The technique is based on the placing of an inverted trapezoidal main beam or a trapezoidal main beam of a second type in the corner of a roof truss I. The ends of the parts P1, P2, P3, etc. in single file are inserted by a few centimetres into the gable walls MP1-MP2. Plates PL1-PL2 are placed under the ends of the main beam and in contact with the gable walls MP1-MP2. Uprights H1-H2-H3, etc. support the slides C1-C2-C3, etc. of the parts P1, P2, P3 etc. by means of forks F1, F2, F3, etc. and have, at their bases, flat elements Pa1, Pa2, Pa3, etc. Small plates Pq1, Pq2 are fixed at the edge of the gable walls to the main beam. Lugs 01, 02, 03, 04, etc. make it possible to instal a means for connection between Pq1, Pa1, Pa2, Pa3, Pa4, ... Pq2. This technique relates to the roof frames of houses, of terraced dwellings and of industrial constructions.

Description

L'invention se réfère à la consolidation d'une charpente et aux pièces nécessaires à la mise en place de cette technique. The invention relates to the consolidation of a frame and the parts necessary for the implementation of this technique.

Elle s'applique à la modification des charpentes des combles non aménageables et à toute application dont le principe est ou serait la consolidation des pentes de toits ou la création de nouvelles structures sous ou avec pentes de toits et obtenir un volume et une surface supplémentaire à aménager. It applies to the modification of the frames of non-convertible attics and to any application the principle of which is or would be the consolidation of roof slopes or the creation of new structures under or with roof slopes and obtain additional volume and surface area. to arrange.

Par un choix délibéré et pour réduire les coûts de construction, les constructeurs de bâtiments industriels, de logements collectifs et de maisons individuelles de type industriel construites depuis 1955-1960 ont posé des charpentes à fermettes légères, de faible épaisseur et de faible coût, réparties à peu près régulièrement entre deux murs-pignons d'une construction industrielle, d'un logement collectif ou d'une maison individuelle. By deliberate choice and in order to reduce construction costs, the builders of industrial buildings, collective dwellings and individual industrial-type houses built since 1955-1960 installed light, low-cost, distributed trusses more or less regularly between two gable walls of an industrial building, of collective housing or of a detached house.

Le besoin de récupérer toutes les sufaces disponibles et ou d'en créer de nouvelles a conduit les entreprises à rêche cher des solutions. The need to recover all the sufaces available or to create new ones has led companies to search for solutions.

1) de consolidation des fermettes composées de deux "arbalétriers" reposés sur une poutre appelée "entrait" elle-même reposée sur les deux murs-façades pour une habitation. 1) consolidation of small farms composed of two "rafters" rested on a beam called "entered" itself rested on the two walls-facades for a dwelling.

2) de création de nouvelles charpentes en remplacement de terrasses en logement collectif ou individuel ; charpentes composées de fermettres largement réparties (distance supérieure à 0,80 m 1,00 m) et supportant un recouvrement de tuiles légères.2) creation of new frameworks to replace terraces in collective or individual housing; frames composed of widely distributed trusses (distance greater than 0.80 m 1.00 m) and supporting a covering of light tiles.

3) de transformation complète ou partielle des constructions industrielles.3) complete or partial transformation of industrial constructions.

4) de surélévation de tous types de charpentes composées de pentes de toits.4) raising all types of frames composed of roof slopes.

On connaît aujourd'hui des types de transformation des "charpentes" en général avec renforts basés sur un principe de triangulation à divers niveaux des charpentes de toits et des planchers composés eux aussi de poutres légères économiques et espacées à peu près régulièrement entre les murs pignons. Today we know types of transformation of "frames" in general with reinforcements based on a principle of triangulation at various levels of roof frames and floors also composed of light economic beams and spaced almost regularly between the gable walls .

L'objet de l'invention est l'application d'une technique géométrique de type 1) trapézoldal inversé à une ou multiples hauteurs (fig. 1) 2) trapézoldal de seconde espèce (fig. 2) comme définie dans le dictionnaire Larousse. The object of the invention is the application of a geometric technique of type 1) inverted trapezoidal at one or multiple heights (fig. 1) 2) second type trapezoidal (fig. 2) as defined in the Larousse dictionary.

On appelle dans cette innovation les éléments trapézoldaux : poutres maitresses (fig. 3)
Une poutre maîtresse de forme trapézoldale inversée a une base "inférieure" constituée d'un ensemble de parties (P1 - P2 - P3 etc...) mises à la queue leu leu et liées entre elles par des pièces coulissantes (C1 - C2 - C3 etc...). Ces pièces coulissantes rigidifient la poutre maîtresse et la préservent des tractions verticales et longitudinales.
In this innovation, the trapezoidal elements are called: master beams (fig. 3)
An inverted trapezoidal master beam has a "lower" base made up of a set of parts (P1 - P2 - P3 etc ...) put in line leu leu and linked together by sliding parts (C1 - C2 - C3 etc ...). These sliding parts stiffen the main beam and protect it from vertical and longitudinal pulls.

Cette base inférieure composée d'un ensemble de parties (P1
P2 - P3 etc...) est introduite à ses extrémités dans les murs-pignons (MP1 - MP2), de plusieurs centimètres, en fonction de l'épaisseur de ces murs-pignons.
This lower base composed of a set of parts (P1
P2 - P3 etc ...) is introduced at its ends into the gable walls (MP1 - MP2), several centimeters, depending on the thickness of these gable walls.

Entre cette poutre maitresse et le mur de pignon, à la base, sont placées deux platines (Pli - P12) qui servent à répartir les charges dans les pignons. Between this main beam and the gable wall, at the base, are placed two plates (Pli - P12) which are used to distribute the loads in the gables.

A chaque point de coulisseaux (C1 - C2 - C3 etc...) des parties de la base inférieure du trapèze, on descend une ou plusieurs hauteurs (H1 - H2 - H3 etc...) et d'une longueur variable. At each point of slides (C1 - C2 - C3 etc ...) of the parts of the lower base of the trapezoid, we descend one or more heights (H1 - H2 - H3 etc ...) and of variable length.

Ces hauteurs (H1 - H2 - H3 etc...) sont composées au point supérieur d'une fourche (F1 - F2 - F3 etc...) assurant l'assise de chaque point de coulisseau (C1 - C2 - C3 etc...) de la base inférieure du trapèze.These heights (H1 - H2 - H3 etc ...) are composed at the upper point of a fork (F1 - F2 - F3 etc ...) ensuring the seat of each slide point (C1 - C2 - C3 etc. ..) from the lower base of the trapezoid.

A la base de ces hauteurs (H1 - H2 - H3 etc...) de part et d'autre de la pièce est fixé une ou plusieurs plaques (Pal - Pa2
Pa3 etc...) dont les bouts extérieurs sont percés (fig. 4).
At the base of these heights (H1 - H2 - H3 etc ...) on either side of the room is fixed one or more plates (Pal - Pa2
Pa3 etc ...) whose outer ends are drilled (fig. 4).

On a dit plus haut que les extrémités de cette base inférieure du trapèze étaient introduites de plusieurs centimètres dans les murs pignons.  We said above that the ends of this lower base of the trapezoid were introduced several centimeters into the gable walls.

A quelques centimètres du pignon, face intérieure de la construction, à la base de cette base inférieure du trapèze sont fixées des plaquettes percées (Pql - Pq2) (fig. 5). A few centimeters from the gable, inside face of the construction, at the base of this lower base of the trapezium are fixed pierced plates (Pql - Pq2) (fig. 5).

Les plaquettes (Pql - Pq2) de la base inférieure du trapèze et les plaques (Pal - Pa2 - Pa3 etc...) servent de point d'ancrage ou point de fixation. The plates (Pql - Pq2) of the lower base of the trapezoid and the plates (Pal - Pa2 - Pa3 etc ...) serve as an anchor or attachment point.

Un élément de liaison des plaques et plaquettes percées, deux par deux, permettra de constituer les côtés et la base supérieure du trapèze. A connecting element of the perforated plates and plates, two by two, will make up the sides and the upper base of the trapezoid.

Chaque élément de liaison est constitué à ses extrémités d'une oreille (01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08) elle-même percée à une extrémité (fig. 6) et à l'autre extrémité est fixé très solidement un tube carré ou rectangulaire. Each connecting element consists at its ends of an ear (01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08) itself pierced at one end (fig. 6) and at the other end is fixed very securely a square or rectangular tube.

Chaque élément de liaison est assemblé d'une part aux plaquettes (Pql, Pq2) et d'autre part aux plaques (Pal, Pa2, Pa3 etc...) de la base des hauteurs (H1, H2, H3 etc...). Each connecting element is assembled on the one hand to the plates (Pql, Pq2) and on the other hand to the plates (Pal, Pa2, Pa3 etc ...) of the base of the heights (H1, H2, H3 etc ... ).

Ces éléments de liaison sont reliés entre eux deux par deux par tous moyens de très grande solidité (chaîne, tige filetée pour exemples). These connecting elements are interconnected two by two by any means of very great strength (chain, threaded rod for examples).

Ainsi, en serrant les éléments de liaison entre eux, on obtient un ensemble d'une très grande résistance. Thus, by tightening the connecting elements together, one obtains a set of very high resistance.

La poutre maîtresse de type trapézoïdal inversé introduite dans les murs pignons représente à elle seule, une seule pièce. Elle est placée à une distance non définie d'un point de rencontre des fermettes et des parties de planchers (fig. 7). Elle est prise entre des coulisses verticales "bracons" pièces de liaison reliant "l'entrait" et les "arbalétriers" (fig. 8). The inverted trapezoidal main beam introduced into the gable walls alone represents a single piece. It is placed at an undefined distance from a meeting point of the farmhouses and the parts of the floors (fig. 7). It is taken between vertical slides "bracons" connecting parts connecting "the entry" and the "crossbowmen" (fig. 8).

1) Deux poutres maîtresses placées sous les pentes de toits des habitations de type industriel (ou autres) reprennent et consolident l'ensemble des fermettes. Une surface importante est dégagée avec la suppression de tous éléments prévus à la construction des maisons types non limitatifs : W, entrait/fermette du milieu, fiches et contre-fiches. 1) Two main beams placed under the slopes of roofs of industrial type (or other) dwellings take up and consolidate all the farmhouses. A large area is cleared with the removal of all elements provided for the construction of non-limiting typical houses: W, entry / small farm in the middle, sheets and counter-sheets.

A noter que dans certaines maisons, la pose d'une seule poutre maîtresse de type trapézoidal inversé installée à une certaine distance sous le fait du toit et laissant une hauteur d'homme suffisante au plan longitudinal mais descendant jusqu'à hauteur du plancher suffit. Note that in some houses, the installation of a single master beam of the inverted trapezoidal type installed at a certain distance under the roof and leaving a sufficient height of man in the longitudinal plane but descending to the height of the floor is sufficient.

Cette innovation intéresse les maisons à deux versants ou plus. This innovation is of interest to houses with two or more slopes.

2) Cette ou ces poutres maîtresses permettent l'assise d'une nouvelle charpente dans le cas d'un logement collectif ou individuel à terrasse.2) This or these main beams allow the foundation of a new framework in the case of collective or individual accommodation with a terrace.

3) Cette ou ces poutres maîtresses permettent la transformation complète ou partielle des constructions individuelles.3) This or these main beams allow the complete or partial transformation of individual constructions.

Cette ou ces poutres maîtresses autorisent la surélévation de la partie des versants des pentes de toits au-delà de l'endroit où elles sont fixées. This or these main beams allow the elevation of the part of the slopes of the roof slopes beyond the place where they are fixed.

A noter que pour la partie trapézoldale inversée (fig. 2) nous reprenons les éléments à savoir : plaques, platines, plaquettes, parties, coulisseaux, hauteurs, fourches, éléments de liaison, oreilles.  Note that for the inverted trapezoidal part (fig. 2) we use the elements namely: plates, plates, plates, parts, slides, heights, forks, connecting elements, ears.

Claims (1)

REVENDICATIONS Technique de consolidation d'une charpente de comble, de création de nouvelles charpentes très légères, de transformation de constructions industrielles et de surélévation de toutes charpentes.Technique for consolidating an attic frame, creating new very light frames, transforming industrial constructions and raising all frames. Ces charpentes situées entre deux murs pignons (MP1 et MP2) sont posées sur les murs façades et sont composées de fermettes légères elles-mêmes composées principalement d' "arbalétriers" et "entrait" ou ces charpentes sont à poser en remplacementdes terrasses de logement collectif ou individuel.These frames located between two gable walls (MP1 and MP2) are placed on the facade walls and are composed of light farmhouses themselves composed mainly of "crossbowmen" and "entry" or these frames are to be replaced as terraces of collective housing or individual. La technique du trapèze inversé consiste en la mise en place dans l'angle formé par les "arbalétriers" et les "entraits" (fig. 7) d'une poutre maîtresse (fig. 3).The inverted trapeze technique consists of placing a master beam (fig. 7) in the angle formed by the "crossbowmen" and the "ties" (fig. 7). Cette poutre maîtresse est composée de parties (P1, P2, P3, P4, etc...) assemblées par coulisseaux (C1, C2, C3, C4 etc...) eux-mêmes soutenus par des hauteurs (H1, H2, H3, H4 etc...). Sur la poutre maîtresse sont fixés des plaquettes (Pql, Pq2), sur les bases des hauteurs sont fixés des plaques (Pal, Pa2, Pa3 etc...). Un moyen de liaison des points (Pql - Pal) - (Pal - Pa2) - (Pa2 - Pa3) - (Pa3 This master beam is composed of parts (P1, P2, P3, P4, etc.) assembled by slides (C1, C2, C3, C4, etc.) themselves supported by heights (H1, H2, H3 , H4 etc ...). On the main beam are fixed plates (Pql, Pq2), on the bases of the heights are fixed plates (Pal, Pa2, Pa3 etc ...). A means of connecting the points (Pql - Pal) - (Pal - Pa2) - (Pa2 - Pa3) - (Pa3 Pq2) etc... permet de créer une unité de la poutre maîtresse.Pq2) etc ... allows to create a unit of the master beam. Par action de ces moyens de liaisons on crée une traction générale et donc l'ensemble des fermettes sera maintenu.By the action of these connecting means, general traction is created and therefore all the farms will be maintained. Pour la poutre maîtresse trapézoldale inversée (fig. 2) par le jeu des pièces décrites ci-dessus, le résultat est le même. For the trapezoidal master beam reversed (fig. 2) by the play of the parts described above, the result is the same.
FR8617446A 1986-12-08 1986-12-08 Technique for strengthening a frame and components necessary for implementing this technique Withdrawn FR2607854A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8617446A FR2607854A1 (en) 1986-12-08 1986-12-08 Technique for strengthening a frame and components necessary for implementing this technique
FR8703763A FR2612230A2 (en) 1986-12-08 1987-03-09 Technique for strengthening a frame and components necessary for implementing this technique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8617446A FR2607854A1 (en) 1986-12-08 1986-12-08 Technique for strengthening a frame and components necessary for implementing this technique

Publications (1)

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FR2607854A1 true FR2607854A1 (en) 1988-06-10

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FR8617446A Withdrawn FR2607854A1 (en) 1986-12-08 1986-12-08 Technique for strengthening a frame and components necessary for implementing this technique

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2715180A1 (en) * 1994-01-14 1995-07-21 Dufour Jean Method of increasing living area in lofts
FR2725746A1 (en) * 1994-10-14 1996-04-19 Fakhkhar Hassan Self-supporting jack for reinforcing timber framework
WO1997014860A1 (en) * 1995-10-18 1997-04-24 Peter Spence Gass Elongate structural members

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2715180A1 (en) * 1994-01-14 1995-07-21 Dufour Jean Method of increasing living area in lofts
FR2725746A1 (en) * 1994-10-14 1996-04-19 Fakhkhar Hassan Self-supporting jack for reinforcing timber framework
WO1997014860A1 (en) * 1995-10-18 1997-04-24 Peter Spence Gass Elongate structural members

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