FR2532352A1 - Individual habitable construction made from modular elements and erected manually. - Google Patents
Individual habitable construction made from modular elements and erected manually. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2532352A1 FR2532352A1 FR8214740A FR8214740A FR2532352A1 FR 2532352 A1 FR2532352 A1 FR 2532352A1 FR 8214740 A FR8214740 A FR 8214740A FR 8214740 A FR8214740 A FR 8214740A FR 2532352 A1 FR2532352 A1 FR 2532352A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- panels
- trusses
- habitable construction
- construction according
- floor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/005—Modulation co-ordination
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Jusqu'ici, les constructions individuelles telles que les villas, pavillons sont construites, en général, par des spécialistes du bâtiment, c'est-à-dire des architectes et des entrepreneurs. So far, individual constructions such as villas, pavilions are built, in general, by building specialists, that is, architects and contractors.
Ces constructions sont réalisées en utilisant des engins de levage et un personnel qualifié. I1 va de soi que les opérations de construction demandent, en outre, un certain temps. Même aux Etats-Unis, la construction d'une villa en bois avec évidemment des éléments standardisés demande trois ou quatre mois. These constructions are carried out using lifting equipment and qualified personnel. It goes without saying that the construction operations also require some time. Even in the United States, the construction of a wooden villa with obviously standardized elements requires three or four months.
Le but de la présente invention est de réaliser une construction individuelle montée manuellement en éléments modulaires qui puisse être montée sans engins de levage par un nombre réduit de personnes non qualifiées et en très peu de temps. The object of the present invention is to produce an individual construction mounted manually in modular elements which can be mounted without lifting devices by a reduced number of unqualified persons and in a very short time.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une construction habitable caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une structure primaire ou de base constituée par des fermes métalliques, lesquelles sont solidarisées entre elles par des panneaux longitudinaux, inclinés et verticaux, manipulables manuellement, qui jouent le rôle de contreventement, de couverture, de plancher et de paroi. To this end, the subject of the invention is a habitable construction, characterized in that it comprises a primary or basic structure constituted by metal trusses, which are joined together by longitudinal, inclined and vertical panels, which can be manipulated manually, which play the role of bracing, roofing, floor and wall.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les panneaux manipulables manuellement sont constitués d'un matériau composite ayant un faible poids, une grande résistance, des qualités d' étanchéité à l'air et à l'eau et un coefficient de dilatation très réduit, tel que le GRC, commercialisé en France par la Société Trouillard de Nanties. According to another characteristic of the invention, the panels which can be handled manually are made of a composite material having a low weight, a high resistance, air and water tightness qualities and a very reduced coefficient of expansion. , such as the GRC, marketed in France by the Société Trouillard de Nanties.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l1invention, la toiture est constituée uniquement par des panneaux autoporteurs de même matière qui jouent le rôle de couverture et d'étanchéité en étant fixés directement sur les fermes. According to another characteristic of the invention, the roof is constituted solely by self-supporting panels of the same material which play the role of covering and sealing by being fixed directly on the trusses.
Jusqu'ici, les toitures conventionnelles sont constituées par un système de fermes, de pannes, de chevrons et de liteaux sur lesquels sontfixéesdes tuiles ou ardoises. Up to now, conventional roofs have consisted of a system of trusses, purlins, rafters and battens on which are fixed tiles or slates.
Même si on remplace les tuiles ox ardoises par des panneaux, ceux-ci nécessitent une structure d'appui entre eux et les fermes. On ne connaît pas de toitures constituées par des panneaux fixés directement sur les fermes. Even if we replace the slate ox tiles with panels, these require a support structure between them and the trusses. There are no known roofs made up of panels fixed directly to the farms.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les planchers sont constitues par des panneaux fixés directement sur les entraits des fermes,
Jusqu'à maintenant les planchers conventiqnnels sont constitués par un systeme complexe, par exemple des hourdis ou des prédalles formant coffrage pour le plancher proprement dit, et une dalle de béton ou un plancher en bois.According to another characteristic of the invention, the floors are constituted by panels fixed directly on the trusses,
Up to now conventional floors have consisted of a complex system, for example slabs or slabs forming formwork for the floor proper, and a concrete slab or a wooden floor.
Il faut remarquer que les toitures et les planchers suivant l'invention sont fixés de manière démontable, par exemple par boulonnage, sur l'ossature principale, c'est-à-dire sur les fermes, de sorte que l'on peut modifier aisément certains éléments du plancher et de la toiture. It should be noted that the roofs and floors according to the invention are fixed in a removable manner, for example by bolting, on the main framework, that is to say on the trusses, so that one can easily modify certain elements of the floor and the roof.
Afin de mieux faire comprendre l'invention, on en décrira ci-dessous un mode de réalisation non limitatif, en se référant aux dessins annexés dans lesquels
La Fig. lreprésente en perspective schématique le système de fondation d'une construction habitable suivant l'invention utilisant des semelles en béton armé;
La Fig. 2 est une vue analogue montrant la partie inférieure de la structure primaire de la construction allant jusqu'au plancher haut du rez-de-chaussée;
La Fig. 3 montre en perspective schématique les éléments de la Fig. 2 sur lesquels on a monté le plancher bas du rez-de-chaussée;
La Fig. 4 représente de la même manière la mise en place du plancher haut du rez-de-chaussée de la construction et le montage de la partie supérieure des fermes;
La Fig. 5 montre la mise en place des pignons;;
La Fig. 6 représente la mise en place de la toiture; et
La Fig. 7 est une vue en perspective de la construction achevée. In order to better understand the invention, a nonlimiting embodiment will be described below, with reference to the appended drawings in which
Fig. l represents in schematic perspective the foundation system of a habitable construction according to the invention using reinforced concrete footings;
Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the lower part of the primary structure of the construction up to the upper floor of the ground floor;
Fig. 3 shows in schematic perspective the elements of FIG. 2 on which the low floor of the ground floor has been mounted;
Fig. 4 shows in the same way the establishment of the high floor of the ground floor of the construction and the assembly of the upper part of the trusses;
Fig. 5 shows the positioning of the pinions;
Fig. 6 shows the placement of the roof; and
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the completed construction.
On va décrire la construction en expliquant les phases successives du montage, afin d'en comprendre la siEElicité. We will describe the construction by explaining the successive phases of the assembly, in order to understand its siEElicity.
Ainsi qu'on le voit sur la Fig. 1 la fondation 1 sur laquellé reposent les fermes est constituée par des semelles filantes 2 en béton armé qui sont entretoisées par des éléments 3, par exemple des profilés métalliques du commerce. Ces éléments constituent la partie inférieure de la structure primaire de la construction. As can be seen in FIG. 1 the foundation 1 on which the trusses are resting consists of shooting footings 2 in reinforced concrete which are braced by elements 3, for example commercial metal profiles. These elements constitute the lower part of the primary structure of the construction.
Sur les éléments 3 on monte (Fig. par exemple par boulonnage, des cadres métalliques 4.. qui ont la même constitution que les éléments 3 et qui forment la structure primaire de la construction jusqu'à la hauteur du plancher haut du rez-de-chaussée. The elements 3 are mounted (Fig. For example by bolting, metal frames 4 .. which have the same constitution as the elements 3 and which form the primary structure of the construction up to the height of the top floor of the ground - floor.
La phase suivante, que l'on. voit réalise sur la
Fig. 3, est l'établissement du plancher bas du rezvdeb chaussée au moyen de panneaux 5t-en matériau composite de nature particulière. Ces panneaux, que l'on fixé sur la structure primaire par exemple par boulonnage, sont de dimensions telles qu'ils sont manipulables manuellement.The next phase, which one. sees realizes on the
Fig. 3, is the establishment of the low floor of the ground floor by means of panels 5t-in composite material of a particular nature. These panels, which are fixed to the primary structure for example by bolting, are of dimensions such that they can be handled manually.
Aux extrémités des cadres 4 on a fixé par boulonnage des structures complémentaires 6 dont certaines Ga sont destin nées à la réalisation.d'ne serre.At the ends of the frames 4, additional structures 6 have been fixed by bolting, certain Ga of which are intended for the realization of a greenhouse.
La Fig. 4 montre la fin de la phase pendant laquelle on a monté le plancher haut du rez-de-chaussée, constitué par des panneaux 5 analogues à ceux du plancher bas. Lorsque le plancher haut a été monté sur les entraits supérieurs du cadre 4 de la même manière que le plancher inférieur, on utilise ce'plancher pour monter les arbald- triers formant les parties superieures 7 des fermes. Ces parties supérieures comprennent le sommet 7 des fermes, un entrait supérieur 8 et des jambes de force 9 en éléments métalliques. L'entrait 8 et le milieu de ltentrait supe- rieur du cadre 4 sont reliés par un tirant métallique 1O. Fig. 4 shows the end of the phase during which the high floor of the ground floor was mounted, consisting of panels 5 similar to those of the low floor. When the upper floor has been mounted on the upper ties of the frame 4 in the same way as the lower floor, this plank is used to mount the arbald-triers forming the upper parts 7 of the trusses. These upper parts include the top 7 of the trusses, an upper entry 8 and struts 9 made of metal elements. The entry 8 and the middle of the upper entry of the frame 4 are connected by a metal tie rod 10.
D'une manière générale les éléments métalliques de la structure peuvent être composés de plusieurs tronçons raccordés, par exemple, par boulonnage. In general, the metal elements of the structure can be composed of several sections connected, for example, by bolting.
La mise en place des pignons est ensuite réalisée comme le montre la Fig. 5. On voit que les pignons 11 sont constitues de panneaux 12 de même matériau que celui des panneaux 5, mais de dimensions différentes. Les panneaux sont fixés, par exemple par boulonnage, sur les deux fermes principales externes, particulïèrement sur les entraits 3, 4 et 8, et sur les arbalétriers 7. The positioning of the pinions is then carried out as shown in FIG. 5. It can be seen that the pinions 11 are made up of panels 12 of the same material as that of the panels 5, but of different dimensions. The panels are fixed, for example by bolting, on the two main external trusses, particularly on the ties 3, 4 and 8, and on the rafters 7.
On voit aussi sur la Fig. 5 que l'on a monté un panneau vertical 13 entre une paire de fermes dans un but de contreventement. We also see in Fig. 5 that a vertical panel 13 has been mounted between a pair of trusses for the purpose of bracing.
La Fig. 6 montre la mise en place de la toiture. Fig. 6 shows the placement of the roof.
Sur le dessin la couverture complète n'a pas été représentée afin que llon puisse mieux voir le montage. Les panneaux 14 formant la toiture sont analogues de manière générale aux panneaux 5, mais ils comportent en outre des moyens d'étanchéité aux endroits de leur juxtaposition. Ils viennent de plus en recouvrement du pignon. A la partie supérieure de la toiture on a monté une faitière 15 toujours constituée de même matériau. In the drawing the complete cover has not been shown so that llon can better see the assembly. The panels 14 forming the roof are generally similar to the panels 5, but they also comprise sealing means at the places of their juxtaposition. They also come to cover the pinion. At the upper part of the roof there is mounted a ridge 15 always made of the same material.
La Fig. 7 représente schématiquement en perspective la construction achevée, le pignon visible ayant été recourt d'un crépi. Les ouvertures extérieures 16 ont été équipées de leur menuiserie, et la serre 17 de ses vitrages 18. La partie inférieure de la toiture a été équipée d'une gouttière 19, qui est constituée du meme matériau que celui des panneaux. Fig. 7 schematically shows in perspective the completed construction, the visible gable having been resorted to a plaster. The exterior openings 16 have been fitted with their joinery, and the greenhouse 17 with its glazing 18. The lower part of the roof has been fitted with a gutter 19, which is made of the same material as that of the panels.
Les avantages de la construction suivant l'invention apparaissent immédiatement. On voit que le montage est simple et qu'il n'y a aucune piece massive ou volumineuse entrant dans la constitution dé la construction. L'ossature et les panneaux peuvent être maniés aisément par des utilisateurs peu nombreux n'ayant pas reçu la qualification normalement requise pour la réalisation des constructions habitables. The advantages of the construction according to the invention appear immediately. We see that the assembly is simple and that there are no massive or bulky parts entering into the constitution of the construction. The framework and the panels can be easily handled by few users who have not received the qualification normally required for the realization of habitable constructions.
Enfin un avantage très important de la construction suivant l'invention est qu'on peut l'agrandir ou la réduire très facilement. I1 suffit en effet, dans le cas, par exemple, d'un agrandissement de démonter la file extrême des panneaux de toiture, ainsi que le pignon et d'ajouter une ou plusieurs fermes supplémentaires. Ensuite on prolonge le plancher haut et le plancher bas et on remonte le pignon et la partie extrême de la toiture. La réduction de la construction est effectuée de manière inverse. Finally, a very important advantage of the construction according to the invention is that it can be enlarged or reduced very easily. It is indeed sufficient, in the case, for example, of an enlargement to dismantle the end row of the roof panels, as well as the gable and to add one or more additional trusses. Then we extend the upper floor and the lower floor and reassemble the gable and the end part of the roof. The reduction in construction is carried out in reverse.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8214740A FR2532352A1 (en) | 1982-08-27 | 1982-08-27 | Individual habitable construction made from modular elements and erected manually. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8214740A FR2532352A1 (en) | 1982-08-27 | 1982-08-27 | Individual habitable construction made from modular elements and erected manually. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2532352A1 true FR2532352A1 (en) | 1984-03-02 |
Family
ID=9277097
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8214740A Pending FR2532352A1 (en) | 1982-08-27 | 1982-08-27 | Individual habitable construction made from modular elements and erected manually. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2532352A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2651011A1 (en) * | 1989-08-16 | 1991-02-22 | Orriere Gerard | METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING INDIVIDUAL ANTISISMIC AND ANTICYCLONIC HOUSING |
| EP0612900A1 (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1994-08-31 | Siegmund Wilbach | Building construction |
| FR2736666A1 (en) * | 1995-07-13 | 1997-01-17 | Bouygues Sa | Construction with a staggered elevation providing housing, garage and/or shop |
| US7010890B2 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2006-03-14 | Ericksen Roed & Associates, Inc. | Precast, prestressed concrete truss |
| GB2475539A (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2011-05-25 | Mitek Holdings Inc | A method of constructing a roof on top of a building |
| AU2011100884B4 (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-01-24 | Baverstock, John William Mr | Environ Roof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR968936A (en) * | 1948-07-09 | 1950-12-08 | prefabricated building elements | |
| FR995053A (en) * | 1949-07-18 | 1951-11-27 | Lightweight construction process for hot countries | |
| GB757848A (en) * | 1954-08-05 | 1956-09-26 | Umberto Alessandro Ziletti | Improvements relating to prefabricated construction |
| US3343321A (en) * | 1965-03-04 | 1967-09-26 | Air Space Inc | Building structure with panel supports and a foundation |
| FR91369E (en) * | 1966-09-06 | 1968-05-31 | prefabricated reinforced concrete frame elements and the corresponding assembly means | |
| US3862534A (en) * | 1972-12-15 | 1975-01-28 | Hugo Coletti | Method of constructing a dwelling |
-
1982
- 1982-08-27 FR FR8214740A patent/FR2532352A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR968936A (en) * | 1948-07-09 | 1950-12-08 | prefabricated building elements | |
| FR995053A (en) * | 1949-07-18 | 1951-11-27 | Lightweight construction process for hot countries | |
| GB757848A (en) * | 1954-08-05 | 1956-09-26 | Umberto Alessandro Ziletti | Improvements relating to prefabricated construction |
| US3343321A (en) * | 1965-03-04 | 1967-09-26 | Air Space Inc | Building structure with panel supports and a foundation |
| FR91369E (en) * | 1966-09-06 | 1968-05-31 | prefabricated reinforced concrete frame elements and the corresponding assembly means | |
| US3862534A (en) * | 1972-12-15 | 1975-01-28 | Hugo Coletti | Method of constructing a dwelling |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2651011A1 (en) * | 1989-08-16 | 1991-02-22 | Orriere Gerard | METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING INDIVIDUAL ANTISISMIC AND ANTICYCLONIC HOUSING |
| WO1991002855A1 (en) * | 1989-08-16 | 1991-03-07 | Orriere Gerard | Method for building anti-seismic and anti-cyclonic individual housings |
| EP0612900A1 (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1994-08-31 | Siegmund Wilbach | Building construction |
| FR2736666A1 (en) * | 1995-07-13 | 1997-01-17 | Bouygues Sa | Construction with a staggered elevation providing housing, garage and/or shop |
| US7010890B2 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2006-03-14 | Ericksen Roed & Associates, Inc. | Precast, prestressed concrete truss |
| US7275348B2 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2007-10-02 | Ericksen Roed & Associates | Precast, prestressed concrete truss |
| GB2475539A (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2011-05-25 | Mitek Holdings Inc | A method of constructing a roof on top of a building |
| EP2325410A3 (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2015-06-03 | MiTek Holdings, Inc. | Roofing system |
| GB2475539B (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2015-09-16 | Mitek Holdings Inc | Roofing system |
| AU2011100884B4 (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-01-24 | Baverstock, John William Mr | Environ Roof |
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Legal Events
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|---|---|---|---|
| AR | Application made for restoration | ||
| DA | Annulment of decision of lapse |