FR2610022A1 - CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM, BY MODULAR WOOD FRAMES, FORMING STRUCTURES, AND METHOD OF MOUNTING - Google Patents

Abstract

CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM, TO REALIZE GROUND FLOOR OR FLOORED BUILDINGS. THE INVENTION CONCERNS A CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM, ALLOWING THE PERFORMANCE OF ALL KINDS OF CONSTRUCTION ON THE GROUND FLOOR OR WITH STOREYS. FIRST BY PREFABRICATION, IN A WORKSHOP, OF MODULAR FRAMES. THEN, BY THEIR PLACEMENT, ON SITE, WITH A PARTICULAR ASSEMBLY, OBJECT OF THE INVENTION, WHICH ALLOWS THE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM TO BE ADAPTED TO ANY CONSTRUCTION. THE INVENTION ALSO ALLOWS TO MAKE THE FACADE CLADDINGS, BUILDINGS WITH TRADITIONAL FRAMES. IT IS CONSTITUTED BY PREFABRICATED MODULAR FRAMES 1 BEARING OR NON-BEARING, SEPARATED FROM THEM, DURING THE ASSEMBLY, BY AN INTERVAL 18 OF VARIABLE DIMENSION, WHICH ALLOWS TO ADAPT, IN ALL CASES, THE CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM, TO THE VARIOUS SIDES OF A MAP. THE MODULAR FRAMES 1 INCLUDE 10 AT THE TOP AND THE FOOT, BEAMS 9 FORMING A HORIZONTAL LOADING FRAME. THE BEAMS 9 ARE CARRIERS OF THE JOISTS 19 CONSTITUENTS OF THE FLOORS. IT IS THEN EASY TO INSTALL THE INTERIOR INSULATION, TO FIX THE OPENINGS, AND TO REALIZE THE VARIOUS SKINS, BOTH INSIDE AND OUTSIDE.

Description

The present invention relates to a constructive system, by frames

  modular woods, forming structures, and methods of mounting them.

  The invention can be used for all kinds of constructions

  and buildings on the ground floor or floor.

  Its use can be done, either in load-bearing walls or in walls

  non-carriers. In the latter case, the components of the constructive system,

  can be considered as facade fillers.

  In the case of traditional constructions, walls are

  by fitting openings with lintels. These walls are crowned by beams or chains cast on the spot. This device is slow and expensive. In the case of prefabricated buildings, raised, finished panels are erected and placed side by side. This device is also expensive, but especially restrictive: the weft brought by the facade joints,

  must be integrated into the architectural part.

  The process which is the subject of the invention makes it possible to remedy these drawbacks.

  nients: it combines the advantages of prefabrication in the workshop (that of standard modular frames) to a high speed of assembly on site,

  without imposing any dithering constraint on plans and facade joints.

  The object of the present invention is to replace all the existing methods, by a structure based on standard modular frames, which can

  at the same time have the function of a supporting element or element of remission.

  ge. This, without the constraints, usually imposed, when the concept

  he is obliged to respect a plot to establish his architectural project.

  The method, which is the subject of the invention, consists in manufacturing, in a

  industrial, standard modular frames in wood, plastic, metal, fibers

  compressed wood, concrete, or any material having mechanical

equivalent.

  The method, which is the subject of the invention, comprises modular wooden frame carriers, called standard frames, which are composed: by two wooden uprights,

  parallel and vertical, I-profile, forming poles on a height of

  floor; two horizontal crosspieces, high and low, made of solid wood,

  rectangular wire, connecting these wooden posts at the head and at the foot; by four plywood gussets at the corners of the frame. The largest dimension

  the I-profile is positioned perpendicular to the facade.

  Bracing frames are made from a standard frame

  dard, in which the four corner gussets are replaced by a panel of

  plywood, fixed on the four frames of the frame, and fully

  this one. They ensure the bracing of buildings, when

  these are subject to the stresses of the wind.

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  The I-profile of the uprights, forming columns, standard modular frames, is composed of a central plywood core, on which are nailed, at the ends and on either side of it, four

cleats of solid wood.

  The dimensions of these I-profiles can vary, depending on the case of

  load encountered, to meet the standards of resistance of materials.

  In the foot, the modular wood frames ride on a guide rail and maintenance, consisting of: either a low rail, solid wood, rectangular section, in the case of a concrete floor platform; either by

  wooden beam, I-section, in the case of a wooden floor platform.

  At the head, the modular wood frames ride on a wooden beam,

  I-section, also serving as a guide and hold rail.

  This embedding is made possible, by extension, to the request

  of, beyond the high and low crossbars of the frame, the four cleats, making

  part of the uprights. This overrun then determines a fork.

  The importance of this extension is a function of the height of the elements

are to be restrained.

  At the corners of the buildings, the uprights of the modular wooden frames fit together one into the other. The head of the section I, is housed in the hollow of the other I section that is juxtaposed with it. The souls of the sections

  in I, are then perpendicular to each other.

  The method, which is the subject of the invention, comprises wooden beams which are

  limping head and foot in the forks provided for this purpose, on the modular frames. These wooden beams constitute the horizontal frame, carrying facades, sheds, and floors. They have an I-shaped section, also composed of a central plywood core, on which are nailed,

  at the ends and on either side of it, four cleats of solid wood.

  The dimensions of these profiles in I, can vary, according to the cases of loads

  encountered, to meet the standards of resistance of materials.

  In the straight parts, the junction and continuity of the beams

  timber, constituting the horizontal supporting structure, are provided by

  special sessions. On the one hand, the central soul ends, for both

  very arrive end to end, by a cut at 45. On the other hand, the piles

  buckets constituting the chords of the beam, are arranged in staggered sections.

  These special provisions allow the transmission, by nailing, of

  "cutting" and "bending" forces urging the beam.

  In the corners, the junction and continuity of the wooden beams,

  the supporting horizontal framework is ensured by solid pieces of wood. These parts, of rectangular section, come in filling, on both sides of the central core of the wooden beams, and between the cleats. This 3.e 2 6 2610022

  assembly is achieved by nailing tenons and mortises in straight cuts.

  In the case where one wants that the facades, in plan view, take the configu-

  ration of a broken line (any angles) it is sufficient that the pre-assembly

  yield is made in skewed sections.

  The method, object of the invention comprises floorboards, constituted by a supporting frame, made by wooden beams joist. These joists have an I-shaped section, also composed of a central core

  plywood, on which are nailed; at the ends and from both sides

  of it, four cleats of solid wood. The dimensions of these profiles in I, can vary, according to the cases of loads met, to satisfy the standards of resistance of the materials. These joists are based on the main wooden beams arranged at the right of the facades and rests. Fixing them

  wooden elements, of rectangular section, nailed

  on the soul of the joists and on the soul of the main wooden beams. These

  floors are either the floor, the ceiling or the interiors

mediations of the constructions.

  When mounting modular structure frames, a pre-frame

  is clamped and fixed between the uprights of two modular frames.

  This pre-framework is set up as a simple structural element. He is des-

  adapted to receive the openings, constituted by "an integrated block" of the trade, comprising; joinery with glazing, paintings and support piece

finished, the shutters closed.

  Another object of the present invention is to allow nailing or stapling, directly on the wood structure, the inner skins and the

outer skin.

  Another object of the present invention is to present a light and resistant standard modular frame, whose internal filling allows

better insulation.

  Another object of the present invention is to be able to use the

  standard modular frames as isolated posts.

  Another object of the present invention is to be able to place the

  modular frames, side by side, or spaced apart by a fixed size interval.

  Another object of the present invention is to be able to prefabricate

  the facade,. in the workshop, by complete and finished panels.

  Another object of the present invention is to be able to carry out

  buildings on the ground floor or floors.

  Another object of the present invention is to be able to use the constructive method as "cladding" and "facade filling", in the case

  of traditional frame buildings.

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  In the device, object of the invention, the standard modular frames, are placed on the perimeter of a platform floor, instead of facades and possible reshoes. These frames are separated from each other by an interval, the size of which can vary on demand. This feature allows to adapt the constructive system, object of the invention, to the ratings of

  any plan of habitation. Indeed, the requirements of layout,

  on the one hand the position of the openings, on the other hand the long-term

  the width and breadth of the plan, are resolved, in any case, by the possibility

  "play" with the size of the intervals, arranged between each frame

  Modular. This makes it possible to scrupulously respect all the living plans.

  established by the designers; while these plans were obviously created

  in a "free" way, without any worry of frame.

  The accompanying drawings illustrate the method and its embodiment,

as it is described.

  The method includes standard modular wood frames (1) and bracing frames (2). These modular wood frames are composed of two

  wooden uprights (3), of two horizontal crosspieces, high and low (4), of

  gussets (5). The I-section, vertical uprights of modular frames

  res, is composed of a central core (6) and four wooden cleats (7), located at the ends and on both sides of it. In the foot, the modular wood frames ride on a low rail (8), or a wooden beam (9). In

  head, the modular wooden frames mount a wooden beam (9). This is

  possible by the fork (10), determined by the extension of the wooden battens (7) beyond the upper and lower cross members (4) of the modular frames. the

  corners of the constructions, the uprights of the modular wooden frames (3) fit together

in each other (11).

  The method comprises wood beams (9), which constitute the horizontal frame, carrying facades, sheds and floors. Their I-shaped section is also constituted by a central core (6) and by four

  wooden battens (7) at the ends and on both sides thereof.

  In the straight parts, the junction and the continuity of the wooden beams (9) is ensured by a bias cut of the core (12) and by staggered cuts (13) of the wooden cleats (7) constituting the chords. In the right angles (21), the junction and the continuity of the wooden beams (9), is ensured by solid pieces of wood (14), of rectangular section, filling, on both sides of the soul central (6), between the cleats (7). In the case of a

  angle, which, in plan view, would not be straight but somehow (15), the

  pieces of wood (14) and cleats (7) must be cut into

biased pes (16).

  The method comprises wood boards, consisting of a frame structure

  it is made of wooden joists. These joists (19) have a section

  I-shaped, also composed of a central core (6) and four

  buckets (7) located at the ends and on both sides thereof. Their fixa-

  is carried out by means of rectangular section wood elements (17) nailed respectively to the webs of the joists (19) and to the core of the wood beams (9)

  main, arranged at the right of the facades and rests.

  The particularity of the assembly gives the invention its full interest. The standard modular frames are separated from each other by an interval (18) whose size can vary on demand. This feature allows to adapt the constructive system, object of the invention, to the dimensions of any residential plan. The constructive system, which is the subject of the invention, is therefore modular, for

  the industrial manufacture of frames to standard dimensions; but he

  avoids, by the originality of the assembly process, all the constraints

  and disadvantages brought about by traditional modulation.

Claims (6)

  1) Constructive system, prefabricated modular frames, carriers or non-carriers, characterized in that the standard frames (1) and the bracing frames (2) which ride on the head and foot, wood beams (9)   horizontal carrier structure, are separated from each other by an interval   the (18), variable dimension, allowing "play", to adapt, in all cases, the various dimensions of a plan. The beams (9), constituting the   constructive system, fit into the forks (10) of the modular frames   res (1) and (2), by the extension of the cleats (7) beyond the sleepers (4).   At the corners, the uprights (3) are juxtaposed and interlock (11) one in the other. The beams (9) ensure their continuity, in the straight parts,   by a bias cut (12) of the central core (6), and by the cutaway arrangement   shifted weights (13), cleats (7). The beams (9) ensure their continuity, in the corners, by pieces of wood (14), filling on either side of the central core (6) between the cleats (7). This assembly, by   tenons and mortises, can be made in straight cuts (20) for   straight lines (21), or in slanted sections (16), for any angles (15).   The wooden floors, constituting the constructive system, are formed by   joists (19), which attach to the beams (9), via wood (17).   2) Construction system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the I-shaped section, used for the manufacture of vertical uprights (3) modular frames, beams (9) and joists (19), n is not limited to wood. It is also possible to use profiles with equivalent technical characteristics in: plastic, metal, fiber   glass, laminate, concrete, compressed wood fibers or chips, or any other   terial. These profiles may also be in the form of perforated lattices. 3) Construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that the dimensions of the I-shaped profile used for the manufacture of the amounts   (3) modular frames, beams (9) and joists (19), can be   change in the height and width of the web (6) and the section of the cleats (7). This to meet the standards of resistance   materials, depending on the cases encountered.   4) Construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that the uprights (3) can be used as isolated posts,   set up at fixed or variable intervals.These poles are then posi-   vertically, one by one, by filling. They ride on foot and 2 6 1 0 0 2 2   at the head, the various elements serving as guiding and holding rails, such as   as low rails (8) and beams (9).   Construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that   standard modular frames (1) and bracing frames (2), can be   may be placed side by side, or spaced apart by a fixed size interval. 6) Construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that   facades and partitions can be prefabricated, in the workshop, with integrated   in the same finite set: standard modular frameworks (1),   Bracing tools (2), beams (9), insulation with vapor barrier, rain shield, outer and inner skins, openings, etc. This can be done in several ways. Or by rectilinear façade panels, complete or partial, juxtaposed and assembled on site. Either by "elements"   constituted by the preceding facade panels, assembled together, in   bind in I-shaped or U-shaped geometric configurations and   also include part of the roof; all facades of the house   his and the roof, can then be realized, on site, by juxtaposition and assembly of several "elements". Either by a complete "box", realized   in the workshop, and representing the house as a whole, externally finished.   The dimensions of these various prefabricated assemblies must be compatible with the transport jigs.   7) Construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that   the process can be applied to ground floor constructions, or more   several floors. In the latter case, the supporting structures constituted by the standard modular frames (1), the bracing frames (2), the horizontal beams (9), etc. must be suitably sized, in   according to the efforts required to meet the standards of resistance materials.   8) Construction system according to claim 1, characterized by   possibility to fix, by nailing or direct stapling, on the structural frame   killed by frames (1) and (2), different skin. The outer skin   can be done in many ways. Either concrete, mortar, plaster, plaster   trash, mud, insulating materials; paper pulp, earth, plastic, or any other material that can be sprayed on galvanized steel grates, on plastic clays, or on cement-lined fibreboard. Either flat tiles, slates, wood tiles, stone or any other material that can be nailed to a bed, or on a continuous support in   wood panels. Either in wooden clans arranged horizontally or vertically   LEMENT. The inner skin can be made of wood panels, plasterboard, plaster-wood compounds, plastic panels, glass panels, or $   any other material constituting coatings, by dry products manufac-   turés, diffused in plates to fix on carrying framework.   9) Construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that   the thermal and sound insulation can be realized in several ways.   Inside the wall: semi-rigid glass wool panels, polystyrene panels or any other insulating and rigid material; these panels are locked against the central webs (6) and the cleats (7),   which constitute the vertical uprights of the frames (3). On the skin   a second layer of panel insulation, eliminating all thermal bridges, and serving as a support for the internal cladding. But also on the wooden beams (9), by interposition at the level of the soul (6), a complementary insulation, posed in the workshop. An air gap, weakly ventilated, is left   between the outer skin and the insulation between the frames.   Construction system according to claim 1, characterized by the pos-   sibility to use the construction process as cladding   facades. This can be achieved in the case of traditionally framed buildings.   nelle. These buildings must have their facades open, made up of   only by supporting beams and supporting columns. We fix smooth   wood (8) forming a guiding and holding rail, between two consecutive floors   high and low, on the peripheral edge of these. Modular wood frames   Standard lairs (1), are placed from the outside to the inside, by straddling the guide rails. They are then attached to these by Nailing.