FR2519050A1 - PANEL FOR THE MODULAR CONSTRUCTION OF A BUILDING, PARTICULARLY A DETACHED HOUSE - Google Patents

Abstract

CONSTRUCTION PANEL FOR MODULAR CONSTRUCTION INCLUDING A FRAME 2 MADE FROM EXTENDED IRONS EACH HAVING A CORE FLANKED BY TWO WINGS AND FORMING THE UPRIGHTS AND THE CROSSBARS OF THIS FRAME, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT THE UPRIGHTS 5A TO 7D AND 7A CROSSES 6A TO 6C OF FRAME 2 ARE RESPECTIVELY ARRANGED ALTERNATIVELY IN THREE VERTICAL LAYERS 4A, 4B, 4C OF FRAME 2 BY BEING ASSEMBLED BY THEIR ADJACENT WINGS.

Description

The present invention relates to the cons-

  modular construction of buildings, especially houses

  individual housing and it concerns, more

  especially, a construction panel for such buildings, comprising a frame made from elongated irons each having a core flanked by two wings and forming the uprights and crosspieces of this frame. Such a panel is known from Australian Patent No. 132,694. In this case, the framework takes the form of a rectangular frame, the sides of which are defined by

  the souls of four profiles, the wings of these

  connecting respectively the sides of the frame and receiving

  the interior and exterior facings of the panel Or

  tre, the uprights of the frame are struts by Z profiles oriented horizontally, while plates of an insulation material are inserted between the wings of the uprights and these Z profiles.

  The panel conforming to the proposal of this brief

  Australian vet has essentially two disadvantages

  nients. The first results from the fact that the frames of the adjacent panels must ensure the rigidity of the construction and it is therefore necessary to choose for the profiles

  which compose them a significant thickness of metal.

  The other disadvantage results from the bad coefficient

  cient of insulation that this panel presents Although we had the concern to increase this coefficient by placing in the chassis of the plates of insulation, there remain thermal bridges of a considerable extent between the interior face and the face exterior of each panel, these bridges being formed not only by the entire length of the webs on the sides of the chassis, but also by the Z-profiles which are attached by their ends

  on the front and rear of the uprights.

  The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks

  come and provide a sign of the type shown above

  top with satisfactory rigidity while being constructed from thin profiles, and also a very good insulation coefficient. It therefore relates to such a panel which is characterized in that the uprights and the cross members of the frame are respectively arranged alternately in three vertical layers of the frame being

  assembled by their adjacent wings.

  A sign constructed in this way does not present

  thermal bridges at the points where the wings are attached

  centes of the profiles are assembled, these points being of a comparatively extremely small extent Furthermore, the rigidity of the panel in the vertical direction can be ensured by double uprights, if according to another characteristic of the invention, the outer layers of the panel include amounts and

  intermediate layer the sleepers.

  Profiles can have different sections

  provided that they have a perpendicularly oriented core

  rement had general plan of the panel and two wings of share

  and other of this soul However, according to a characteristic

  advantageous tick of the invention, each profile comprises

  The frame has a U-shaped section, the dimensions of this section being identical for all of the profiles.

  According to yet another characteristic of the in-

  aiming to increase the insulation coefficient of the panel, an insulation plate is provided in at least

  one of the layers of the framework However, preferably

  this, such a plate is provided in each of the layers

  of this framework, which opposes the transfer of cha-

  their between the two faces of the panel a thickness of iso-

Triple lation.

  -The panel comprises, in a manner known per se,

  facings on these two faces In the case where the pan-

  neau is more specifically intended to form an element of an exterior wall of a building, it is provided according to another characteristic of the invention, to provide the face of the panel intended to be turned towards the outside,

  bracing elements attached to the wings of the

  yarns defining this face, elements on which the exterior facing is fixed in turn Thus this facing delimits with the framework a free volume in which air can circulate freely which can, by exposure to solar radiation, be charged calories and thus serve as heat exchange fluid for a central heating or water installation

domestic hot water.

  The invention is set out below in more detail with the aid of the drawings showing only one embodiment: FIG. 1 shows a perspective view with

  partial tears of a construction panel following

  before the invention; Fig 2 is a partial horizontal sectional view of the panel of Fig 1; Fig 3 shows a perspective view of various building panels placed at superimposed levels, as well as their connection to a floor frame, the panels being shown devoid of their trim; Fig 4 shows a partial perspective view of the edge of the floor of Fig 3, which is not visible in the latter Fig, to illustrate in particular quick assembly devices; Fig 5 is a perspective view on a larger scale of such an assembly device, the view being taken in the area surrounded by a dashed line in Fig 3; Fig 6 is a perspective view of a

  corner element composed of two panels according to the

  vention located at a corner of a building; Fig 7 is a perspective view of a connecting element composed of two panels placed at right angles to connect an exterior wall to each other

  and an interior partition, for example.

  Figs 1 and 2 show the preferred embodiment of the panel according to the invention This panel 1

  has a framework 2 delimiting three vertical cells

  juxtaposed shims 3 a, 3 b and 3 c Frame 2 presents

  three main layers 4 a, 4 b and 4 c extending parallel-

  in accordance with its general plan In each of these

  are arranged profiles that make up the ossa-

  ture to which they impart rigidity All pro-

  yarns are made from U-section irons

  of uniform dimensions throughout the framework.

  The layer 4 a is defined by four uprights 5 a, 5 b, 5 c and 5 d, the strut amounts 5 a and 5 d having their cme facing outwards. The outer wings define the face of the framework which is destined to

  be facing the outside of the building.

  The layer 4b is defined by three horizontal crosspieces 6a, 6b and 6c, the wings of the edge crosspieces 6a and 6c being turned outwards. It will be noted that the lower crosspiece 6c does not extend along the

  lower edge of the panel, but light

  distant from a distance d for reasons which

will be explained below.

  Layer 4 c is defined, in turn, by uprights 7 a to 7 d arranged in the same way as those of layer 4 a Their outer wings define the face of the framework 2 intended to be turned inward

of the building.

  It can therefore be seen that the uprights 5 a to 5 d and 7 a to 7 d as well as the crosspieces 6 a, 6 b and 6 c are arranged respectively alternately in layers 4 a, 4 b and 4 c, their mutual arrangement being perpendicular in the embodiment shown In other words, the uprights are all arranged perpendicularly

compared to the sleepers.

  The profiles are assembled exclusively

  at their ends by means of adjacent lo wings which are preferably welded together, the assembly points being indicated by the reference 8 It is therefore only at these assembly points that

  thermal bridges can be formed between the two fac-

these of frame 2.

  We also note that it presents a

  considerable vertical rigidity thanks to the uprights

  each forming the edges of cells 3 a, 3 b and 3 c, each pair of uprights being braced

  with the neighboring pair thanks to three crosspieces

  stretched, this arrangement of the profiles is in no way limiting, any other arrangement which may be provided within the framework of the invention, depending on the rigidity requirements, in particular other arrangements may also be envisaged, if the panel must include

  a door, window or similar passage.

  Each layer 4 a, 4 b and 4 c also has several plates or strips 9 of an insulating material, known per se, such as sheets of expanded plastics material, strips of glass wool or rock wool , or the like These plates or bands are slid between the profiles and held either by gluing or by mechanical fixing Preferably, the bands or plates are arranged crossed in the adjacent layers 4 a, 4 b and 4 c, as clearly shown in the

Fig 2.

  The framework 2 is coated on each of its faces with a facing, namely an inner facing l OI and a

  exterior facing 10 E Interior facing l OI is fixed

  attached to the metal framework with the interposition of a ban-

  of cork 11, for example by self-drilling and tapping screws The external facing 1 OR is fixed on

  vertical slats 12 fixed in turn on the wings ex-

  corresponding posterior amounts of 5 a to 5 d, for example-

  ple by self-drilling and tapping screws A 12 A seal can be interposed between the adjacent panels There is thus an air volume 13 in each of the cells 3 a, 3 b and 3 c in which the air can freely circulate in the vertical direction The slats 12 are intended to form both spacer elements and

thermal break elements.

  Note that the panel which has just been described

  is in one piece and can therefore be prefabricated in the factory.

  The width of the cells 3 a, 3 b, 3 c preferably defines a module m of a modular construction with which

the building can be erected.

  Fig 3 shows the junction between two pan-

  nels l A and 1 B according to the invention, superimposed to form

  a section of a building wall, these panels being as-

  seem to a floor 14 separating two levels of the building

  This floor 14 is composed of beams 15 formed

  by C-section profiles whose height is equal to

  le at distance d (Fig 1) separating the lower cross

  6 c panels 1 of their lower edge The dis-

  tance between the beams 15 is chosen, preferably equal to the module m of the modular construction and they are braced by beams 16 which can have the same section as the profiles of the panels 1 and which

  are spaced from each other by a corresponding distance

  also corresponding to the module m of the modular construction

  re. Fig 4 shows how the floor 14 can be connected by its edges parallel to the beams 15, to the panels 1 C constituting the wall of the buildings at this location. It can be seen that the beams 16 are

  provided with hooking lugs 17 at their ends.

  Referring again to Fig 1, we see

  that the upper cross member 6a of each panel comprises

  te assembly punctures 18 made in the core of the profile which constitutes it by projecting upwards.

  These punctures 18 are separated from each other by a distance

  this equal to the module m and are located halfway between the vertical edges of the respective cells 3 a, 3 b and 3 c Likewise (but this is not visible in Fig 1)

  the lower cross-member 6 c can be provided with such cre-

  vés, these extending downwards -

  The punctures thus provided in the sleepers

  upper and lower 6 a and 6 c of each panel

  part of a keying device 19 (Fig 5) com-

  placed each time with a punctured 18 and a rectangular opening

  gular 20 made in the element to be joined to the panel

  at this location (here a beam 15, in Fig 3, for example-

  ple) Each keying device 19 also comprises

  a key 21 which is blocked in the hole 18 during-

  that it has passed through the opening 20 Fig 4 my-

  that similar keying devices can -

  be used to assemble the beams 16 to the panel

  1 C via the assembly tabs 17.

  Fig 6 shows a corner element composed of two panels 1 D and l E according to the invention assembled at

  right angle and joined by two vertical edges These pan-

  1 D and E have the same general construction as the

  panel of Fig 1, however their width is clear-

  much smaller Indeed, this width is chosen

  roughly halfway through module m, for example.

  Fig 7 shows another building element

  which constitutes a connecting element between two partitions

  sounds or between an exterior wall and a partition This element is composed of two panels 1 F and 1 G according to the invention assembled at right angles The panel 1 G is connected at half the width of the other panel and has a width of slightly 251905 d

  nearly equal to half the module m Panel 1 F presents

te a width equal to this module.

  The assembly of the lateral sides of the panels can be carried out by any known connection device, for example by eccentric keys which are found

  commonly in the furniture industry.

  Of course, the invention can be implemented

  vre by means of a large number of variants which relate to both the usable sections of the profiles, the arrangement

  profiles in the frame, that the shape of the various arrangements

  assembly materials, etc. The description given above

is therefore in no way limiting.

  The invention thus provides a construction panel.

  modular tion which can be fully prefabricated and

  be very easily assembled at the place of construction

  very simple tools In addition, the reduction

  tion of the thermal p o N t S between the two sides of the pan

  neau, bridges which are only present in places where

  uprights and crosspieces are fixed together, is considered

  maple and this especially as the panel can receive three

  layers of insulating material This panel therefore has a coef-

  excellent insulation factor It should also be noted that this panel has a coefficient of thermal expansion

  weak in the horizontal direction because all the tra-

  lodging (6 a to 6 c) are completely embedded in the insulation material. The air volume 13 formed between the framework 2 and the exterior facing also contributes to ensuring the high insulation coefficient. It should be noted that the air

  contained in this volume can be heated for the

  solar through the exterior facing and serve thus

  if as a preheated heat exchange fluid intended for

  enter a home heater.

  By way of example only, we will indicate below

  above some parameters and dimensions of the panel according to the invention.

19050

  Profile dimensions: 63.5 x 42 x 1.5 mm.

  Spacer slats 12: thickness 30 mm

treated fir wood.

  Facing 10 E: Fiber cement 8 mm thick.

  Siding 10 I: Cardboard plasterboards

2500 x W 200 x 12.5 mm with shield

  steam. Insulation material: 3 x 60 mm glass wool strip and 40 x 5 mm cork strips

(bands 11).

Volume 13: thickness 31.5 mm.

Claims (10)

  1 Construction panel for modular construction,   comprising a frame (2) made from aluminum irons   lined each with a soul flanked by two wings and formed   mant the uprights and crosspieces of this frame,   characterized in that the uprights (5 a to 5 d, 7 a to 7 d) and the sleepers (6 a to 6 c) of the framework (2) are respectively arranged alternately in three vertical layers (4 a, 4 b , 4 c) of the framework (2) being assembled by their adjacent wings.   2 panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer layers (4 a, 4 c) of the panel (1) include the uprights (Sa to 5 d, 7 a to 7 d) and the layer   intermediate (4 b) the sleepers (6 a to 6 c).   3 Panel according to any one of the claims   1 and 2, characterized in that the uprights (Sa to 5 d)   and the crosspieces (6 a to 6 c) are perpendicular to each other.   4 Panel according to any one of the claims   1 to 3, characterized in that the uprights (5 a to 5 d and 7 a to 7 d) of the same layer (4 a to 4 c) are separated one   on the other by a distance equal to the module (m) of the cons- modular truction.   Panel according to either of Claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the lower cross-member (6 c) is placed at a distance (d) from the lower edge of the   panel (1) equal to the thickness of the beams (15) of a plane-   expensive (14) separating two levels defined by two panels superimposed (l A, 1 B, 1 C).   6 Panel according to any one of the claims.   previous tions, characterized in that all the profiles   have a U-shaped section of uniform dimensions.   7 Panel according to any one of the claims   tions, characterized in that plates or strips of insulating material (9) are arranged in one   at least layers (4 a to 4 c) of the framework (2).   8 panel according to claim 7, characterized   in that each of the layers (4 a to 4 c) has plates   ques or strips (9) of an insulation material, these plates   or strips being arranged in a cross arrangement.   9 Panel according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, comprising facings (LOE, IOI) on these -two faces, characterized in that the facing of the panel intended to be turned towards the outside is mounted on elements bracing (12) fixed themselves on the   wings of the uprights (5 a to 5 d) located in the outer layer   lower (4 a) of the panel (1) to delimit between this visor   external air (10 E) and the framework (2) a free air volume (13), the bracing elements (12) constituting   also thermal cut-off devices.   10 Panel according to any one of the claims   1 to 9, characterized in that there are provided on the upper and lower crosspieces (6 a and 6 c) elements (punctured 18) of keying devices (19) intended to   assemble this panel to other elements of the construction   modular and in that these elements (18) are spread   tees from each other by a distance equal to the module (m) of this construction.   11 Corner element or intermediate junction element   diary, for modular construction with two pan-   neaux (l D, l E; l F, l G) according to any one of the claims   previous cations placed at right angles to each other to the other.