FI83790B - Foerfarande foer avlaegsning av envaerda ioner fraon znso4-elektrolyt medelst elektrodialys. - Google Patents
Foerfarande foer avlaegsning av envaerda ioner fraon znso4-elektrolyt medelst elektrodialys. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI83790B FI83790B FI871696A FI871696A FI83790B FI 83790 B FI83790 B FI 83790B FI 871696 A FI871696 A FI 871696A FI 871696 A FI871696 A FI 871696A FI 83790 B FI83790 B FI 83790B
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- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- membranes
- cells
- concentrate
- solution
- monovalent
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000012487 rinsing solution Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical group [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- -1 fluoride ions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910009369 Zn Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035484 Cellulite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100130497 Drosophila melanogaster Mical gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100345589 Mus musculus Mical1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010049752 Peau d'orange Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036232 cellulite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IIQJBVZYLIIMND-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium;antimony(3+);2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound [K+].[Sb+3].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O IIQJBVZYLIIMND-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/54—Controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G9/00—Compounds of zinc
- C01G9/06—Sulfates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
- B01D2311/2642—Aggregation, sedimentation, flocculation, precipitation or coagulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2317/00—Membrane module arrangements within a plant or an apparatus
- B01D2317/02—Elements in series
- B01D2317/025—Permeate series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/162—Use of acids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Claims (10)
1. Förfarande för rening av en zinksulfatelektrolyt innehällande koncentrationer av envärda katjoner, av vilka 5 ätminstone en katjon valts av gruppen bestäende av tal-lium, natrium och kalium, och koncentrationer av envärda anjoner, av vilka ätminstone en anjon valts av gruppen be-stäende av klorid och fluorid, medelst elektrodialys, kännetecknat därav, att förfarandet omfattar 10 steg, i vilka zinksulfatelektrolyten inmatas i utspäd- ningscellerna av en elektrodialysenhet, vilken enhet inne-häller talrika alternerande för envärda katjoner selektivt genomträngliga utbytesmembraner och för envärda anjoner selektivt genomträngliga utbytesmembraner, vilka membraner 15 avgränsar alternerande utspädnings- och koncentratsceller, en anodavdelning och en katodavdelning, en anod anordnad i anodavdelningen och en katod anordnad i katodavdelningen; anodavdelningen och katodavdelningen sköljs med sköljlös-ningar som cirkuleras; elström tillförs mellan anoden och 20 katoden i en sädan mängd, att värdet av den motsvarande strömtätheten är inom omrädet 10 - 500 A/cm2; temperaturen i enheten upprätthälls inom omr&det 0 - 60 °C; elektrolyt-en inmatas med ett pH-värde under ca 5,5; strömmar av lös-ningarna leds genom utspädnings- och koncentratscellerna 25 med en lineär hastighet, som är tillräcklig för att upp-rätthälla en turbulent strömning i nämnda celler; den ut-spädda lösningen avlägsnas frän nämnda utspädningsceller som en renad zinksulfatelektrolyt med förminskade koncentrationer av de envärda katjonerna och de envärda anjoner-30 na.
2. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 1, kännetecknat därav, att en bestämd mängd fyllningslös-ning inmatas i koncentratcellerna, dä nettoöverförings-hastigheten av vatten tili koncentratcellen vid elektro- 35 dialys är mindre än avlägsningshastigheten av koncentratet 25 83790 frän koncentratcellerna, vilken fyllningslösning valts av vatten, utspädd svavelsyra och en utspädd natriumsulfat-lösning.
3. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 1 eller 2, varvid 5 utfällning förekonuner pä elektroderna, känneteck- n a t därav, att utfällningen regleras tili ett minimum medelst ätminstone ett av ett antal medel som valts av an-ordning av membranerna i elektrodialysenheten sä, att de för envärda anjoner selektivt genomträngliga utbytesmemb-10 ranerna bildar ändmembranerna bredvid elektrodavdelningar-na; selektion av en stor strömning av sköljlösningarna; framställning av katoden av ett lämpligt material, vilket befrämjar utveckling av väte framom utfällning av zink; och en tillsats tili sköljlösningar vilken innehäller en 15 löslig form av antimon högst 100, företrädesvis 2 - 10 mg Sb per en liter sköljlösningar och en löslig form av ko-bolt högst 100, företrädesvis 2-5 mg Co per en liter sköl jlösningar.
4. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 1, 2 eller 3, 20 kännetecknat därav, att en del av sköljlösningarna avlägsnas frän cirkulationen och ersätts med en väsentligen lika stor portion av färsk lösning sä, att koncentrationen av zink i sköljlösningarna förblir under ca 150 mg/1. 25
5. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende patent- kraven, kännetecknat därav, att elektrodialys-en utförs i mera än ett steg genom att inmata en i ett steg frän utspädningscellerna avlägsnad utspädd lösning i utspädningscellerna i ett följande steg, varvid koncentra-30 tionerna av de envärda jonerna vidare förminskas.
6. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende patent-kraven, kännetecknat därav, att elektrodialys-en utförs i tvä steg genom att inmata ett i ett steg frän koncentratscellerna avlägsnat koncentrat i utspädnings-35 cellerna i ett andra steg, varvid zinkförlusten i koneen- 26 83 7 90 tratet förminskas.
7. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende patent-kraven, kännetecknat därav, att membranerna rengörs periodiskt med en lösning som valts av en grupp 5 bestäende av en 15-procentig lösning av ättiksyra och 2 M klorvätesyra följt av en tillräcklig sköljning av membranerna med vatten.
8. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende patent-kraven, kännetecknat därav, att ätminstone en 10 del av den frän utspädningscellerna avlägsnade utspädda lösningen cirkuleras tillbaka tili utspädningscellerna och ätminstone en del av det frän koncentratscellerna avlägsnade koncentratet cirkuleras tillbaka tili koncentratscellerna . 15
9. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende patent- kraven, kännetecknat därav, att zinksulfat-elektrolyten inmatas i utspädningscellerna med hastigheter av 2 - 40 1/h-m2 per membran; membranerna har en membran-matris av styrendivinylbensensampolymer och de innehäller 20 aktiva grupper in en mängd av ca 3 - 4 milliekvivalent per ett gram torrt harts, varvid de aktiva grupperna i de för envärda katjoner selektivt genomträngliga utbytesmembra-nerna är sulfonsyraradikaler och de aktiva grupperna i de för envärda anjoner selektivt genomträngliga membranerna 25 är kvartära ammoniumgrupper, som företrädesvis deriverats ur trimetylamin; sköljlösningarna som cirkuleras är en gemensam cirkulerande natriumsulfatsköljlösning innehäl-lande natriumsulfat i en koncentration av 0,1 - 1,0 M, vilken gemensam lösning hälls vid ett pH-värde inom omrä-30 det 0-4, företrädesvis inom omrädet 2 - 3; elström till-förs sä, att värdet av den motsvarande strömtätheten är inom omrädet 20 - 300 A/m2; temperaturen i enheten upprätt-hälls inom omrädet 20 - 50 °C; elektrolyten inmatas med en pH-värde inom omrädet 2 - 5,5, företrädesvis inom omrädet 35 3,5 - 5,5; lösningsströmmarna leds genom utspädnings- och 27 8 3 7 90 koncentratscellerna och sköljlösningen cirkuleras genom anodavdelningen och katodavdelningen med sädana ström-ningshastigheter, att tryckdifferens tvärsigenom membra-nerna är under 150 och företrädesvis under 50 kPa. 5
10. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende pa- tentkraven, kännetecknat därav, att de för envärda katjoner selektivt genomträngliga utbytesmembra-nerna i elektrodialysenheten ersätts med katjonutbytes-membraner innehällande en membranmatris av styrendivinyl-10 sampolymer och aktiva grupper bestäende av sulfonsyraradi-kaler i en mängd av ca 3 - 5 milliekvivalent per ett gram torrt harts, och en renad zinksulfatelektrolyt med för-minskade koncentrationer av envärda anjoner ätervinns.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA507254 | 1986-04-22 | ||
| CA000507254A CA1258654A (en) | 1986-04-22 | 1986-04-22 | Method for the removal of monovalent ions from znso.sub.4 electrolyte by electrodialysis |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI871696A0 FI871696A0 (fi) | 1987-04-16 |
| FI871696A FI871696A (fi) | 1987-10-23 |
| FI83790B true FI83790B (fi) | 1991-05-15 |
| FI83790C FI83790C (sv) | 1991-08-26 |
Family
ID=4132935
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI871696A FI83790C (sv) | 1986-04-22 | 1987-04-16 | Förfarande för avlägsning av envärda ioner från ZnSO4-elektrolyt medel st elektrodialys |
Country Status (21)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4715939A (sv) |
| EP (1) | EP0247713B1 (sv) |
| JP (1) | JPS62297484A (sv) |
| KR (1) | KR880012254A (sv) |
| CN (1) | CN87102881A (sv) |
| AT (1) | ATE56890T1 (sv) |
| BG (1) | BG60243B2 (sv) |
| BR (1) | BR8701889A (sv) |
| CA (1) | CA1258654A (sv) |
| DE (1) | DE3765180D1 (sv) |
| ES (1) | ES2017715B3 (sv) |
| FI (1) | FI83790C (sv) |
| GR (1) | GR3001084T3 (sv) |
| IN (1) | IN168722B (sv) |
| MX (1) | MX170865B (sv) |
| NO (1) | NO871362L (sv) |
| PT (1) | PT84727B (sv) |
| RU (1) | RU1837950C (sv) |
| TR (1) | TR22897A (sv) |
| YU (1) | YU72487A (sv) |
| ZA (1) | ZA872477B (sv) |
Families Citing this family (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0310554A1 (de) * | 1987-10-01 | 1989-04-05 | Alusuisse-Lonza Services Ag | Verfahren zur Verringerung von Verunreinigungen in Laugen beim Bayer-Prozess |
| US5110432A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1992-05-05 | Cominco Ltd. | Method for separating dissolved species by electrodialysis |
| CH677325A5 (sv) * | 1989-04-28 | 1991-05-15 | Asea Brown Boveri | |
| US5250159A (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1993-10-05 | The Graver Company | Bipolar membrane stack and method for producing acid and monovalent base from impure salt |
| DE4131794A1 (de) * | 1991-09-24 | 1993-03-25 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur aufarbeitung von abfallschwefelsaeure |
| US5567293A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-10-22 | Pulp And Paper Research Institute Of Canada | Electromembrane processes for the treatment of kraft mill electrostatic precipitator catch |
| US5536384A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1996-07-16 | Pulp And Paper Research Institute Of Canada | Separation of sulphides from pulping liquors by electrodialysis |
| US5968326A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1999-10-19 | Pulp And Paper Research Institute Of Canada | Composite inorganic-polymer thin film cation-selective membrane, method of fabricating same and applications |
| GEP20053722B (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2006-01-10 | Flexsys Bv | Process for Improving the Purity of Quaternary Ammonium Hydroxides by Electrolysis in Two-Compartment Cell |
| US7807028B2 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2010-10-05 | Xstrata Queensland Limited | Stainless steel electrolytic plates |
| KR20110019573A (ko) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-02-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전기 흡착 탈이온 장치 |
| KR101688530B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전기 흡착 탈이온 장치 |
| KR20110080893A (ko) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 탈이온 장치 |
| CN102807266B (zh) | 2011-05-31 | 2014-12-10 | 通用电气公司 | 超级电容脱盐单元、装置和方法 |
| US9637397B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2017-05-02 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Ion removal using a capacitive deionization system |
| US9695070B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2017-07-04 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Regeneration of a capacitive deionization system |
| US8671985B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2014-03-18 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Control valve assembly |
| US9010361B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2015-04-21 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Control valve assembly |
| US8961770B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2015-02-24 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Controller and method of operation of a capacitive deionization system |
| JP5924055B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-21 | 2016-05-25 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 硫酸ニッケル水溶液の精製方法 |
| CN103572051A (zh) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-12 | 吴鋆 | 一种硫酸锌溶液的脱氯方法 |
| CN104399430B (zh) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-05-25 | 中南大学 | 一种应用于电解硫酸锌溶液中除氟的复合除氟材料的制备方法 |
| CN106345304A (zh) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-01-25 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | 一种阴极液保护型电渗析装置 |
| CN109012761B (zh) * | 2018-08-29 | 2021-10-29 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | 一种单价阴离子选择性分离膜及其制备方法 |
| CN116287729B (zh) * | 2023-03-02 | 2024-10-11 | 中南大学 | 一种基于碳酸钠的铊分离方法 |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA797733A (en) * | 1968-10-29 | Petrovich Giganov Georgy | Method for purification of zinc sulphate solutions | |
| CA892479A (en) * | 1972-02-08 | The Bunker Hill Company | Process of selective fluorine removal from zinc concentrates and manganese dioxide | |
| US903732A (en) * | 1908-04-16 | 1908-11-10 | Frederick Laist | Copper-leaching process. |
| US1403065A (en) * | 1920-03-16 | 1922-01-10 | Electrolytic Zinc Company | Recovery of zinc by electrolysis |
| US1901592A (en) * | 1929-01-29 | 1933-03-14 | Gyro Process Co | Method for heating oil |
| NO126852B (sv) * | 1970-07-24 | 1973-04-02 | Norske Zinkkompani As | |
| US3673067A (en) * | 1970-11-23 | 1972-06-27 | Continental Oil Co | Removal of molecular halogen from solution by passage through a membrane |
| US3958986A (en) * | 1974-05-30 | 1976-05-25 | Gunnar Thorsen | Process for recovery of zinc values from zinc waste |
| GB1484819A (en) * | 1974-06-17 | 1977-09-08 | Mines Fonderies De Zinc Vieill | Process for removing chloride ions from an aqueous solution of zinc sulphate |
| US3926759A (en) * | 1975-02-06 | 1975-12-16 | Pitt Metals And Chemicals Inc | Process for recovering tin salts from the waste rinse water of a halogen tin plating process |
| DE2513689A1 (de) * | 1975-03-27 | 1976-10-07 | Krupp Gmbh | Verfahren zur gewinnung von wertstoffen aus hydrothermalen erzschlaemmen |
| US4111772A (en) * | 1975-05-22 | 1978-09-05 | Pitt Metals And Chemicals, Inc. | Process for electrodialytically controlling the alkali metal ions in a metal plating process |
| JPS5437731A (en) * | 1977-08-30 | 1979-03-20 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for controlling halogen ion concentration in photographic processing solution |
| US4263109A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1981-04-21 | Cominco Ltd. | Precipitation of chloride from zinc sulphate solution |
| US4325792A (en) * | 1981-03-09 | 1982-04-20 | Vaughan Daniel J | Purification process |
| DE3314877A1 (de) * | 1983-04-25 | 1984-10-25 | Minemet Recherche, Trappes | Verfahren zur behandlung einer entnahmeloesung, insbesondere fuer ein zinkextraktionsverfahren auf elektrolytischem weg |
| US4636295A (en) * | 1985-11-19 | 1987-01-13 | Cominco Ltd. | Method for the recovery of lithium from solutions by electrodialysis |
-
1986
- 1986-04-22 CA CA000507254A patent/CA1258654A/en not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-03-23 IN IN250/DEL/87A patent/IN168722B/en unknown
- 1987-04-01 NO NO871362A patent/NO871362L/no unknown
- 1987-04-06 EP EP87302969A patent/EP0247713B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-04-06 AT AT87302969T patent/ATE56890T1/de active
- 1987-04-06 DE DE8787302969T patent/DE3765180D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-04-06 ES ES87302969T patent/ES2017715B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-04-07 ZA ZA872477A patent/ZA872477B/xx unknown
- 1987-04-16 FI FI871696A patent/FI83790C/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-04-20 CN CN198787102881A patent/CN87102881A/zh active Pending
- 1987-04-20 KR KR870003780A patent/KR880012254A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-04-21 PT PT84727A patent/PT84727B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-04-21 BG BG79434A patent/BG60243B2/xx unknown
- 1987-04-21 US US07/041,026 patent/US4715939A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-04-21 YU YU00724/87A patent/YU72487A/xx unknown
- 1987-04-21 RU SU874202444A patent/RU1837950C/ru active
- 1987-04-21 BR BR8701889A patent/BR8701889A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-04-22 JP JP62097644A patent/JPS62297484A/ja active Pending
- 1987-04-22 TR TR271/87A patent/TR22897A/xx unknown
- 1987-04-22 MX MX006161A patent/MX170865B/es unknown
-
1990
- 1990-11-16 GR GR90400928T patent/GR3001084T3/el unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PT84727A (en) | 1987-05-01 |
| CA1258654A (en) | 1989-08-22 |
| BG60243B1 (bg) | 1994-03-24 |
| FI871696A (fi) | 1987-10-23 |
| EP0247713A1 (en) | 1987-12-02 |
| FI871696A0 (fi) | 1987-04-16 |
| YU72487A (en) | 1988-04-30 |
| TR22897A (tr) | 1988-10-24 |
| DE3765180D1 (de) | 1990-10-31 |
| BR8701889A (pt) | 1988-02-02 |
| ATE56890T1 (de) | 1990-10-15 |
| CN87102881A (zh) | 1988-01-20 |
| BG60243B2 (en) | 1994-03-24 |
| PT84727B (pt) | 1989-12-29 |
| GR3001084T3 (en) | 1992-04-17 |
| RU1837950C (ru) | 1993-08-30 |
| ES2017715B3 (es) | 1991-03-01 |
| NO871362D0 (no) | 1987-04-01 |
| JPS62297484A (ja) | 1987-12-24 |
| MX170865B (es) | 1993-09-21 |
| AU6042586A (en) | 1987-10-29 |
| EP0247713B1 (en) | 1990-09-26 |
| AU582002B2 (en) | 1989-03-09 |
| ZA872477B (en) | 1988-04-27 |
| FI83790C (sv) | 1991-08-26 |
| NO871362L (no) | 1987-10-23 |
| US4715939A (en) | 1987-12-29 |
| IN168722B (sv) | 1991-05-25 |
| KR880012254A (ko) | 1988-11-26 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MM | Patent lapsed | ||
| MM | Patent lapsed |
Owner name: COMINCO LTD. |