FI62319C - Foerfarande foer polymerisering av vinylklorid i vattendispersion - Google Patents
Foerfarande foer polymerisering av vinylklorid i vattendispersion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI62319C FI62319C FI772603A FI772603A FI62319C FI 62319 C FI62319 C FI 62319C FI 772603 A FI772603 A FI 772603A FI 772603 A FI772603 A FI 772603A FI 62319 C FI62319 C FI 62319C
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- polymerization
- anions
- process according
- reactor
- acid
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001358 L(+)-tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011002 L(+)-tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-LWMBPPNESA-N L-(+)-Tartaric acid Natural products OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-LWMBPPNESA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 hydroxybutylene Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N Mesotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960001270 d- tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- BZCOSCNPHJNQBP-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-2,3-dihydroxybut-2-enedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(\O)=C(\O)C(O)=O BZCOSCNPHJNQBP-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGJCFVYMIJLQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylperoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOOCCCCCCCCCCCC LGJCFVYMIJLQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPOVRAAUERBWFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(O)CCCCC1 BPOVRAAUERBWFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWPMTLFDYNXRHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxypentane-2,3-dione Chemical compound CCC(=O)C(=O)CO OWPMTLFDYNXRHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPZHKLJPVMYFCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(5-bromopyridin-2-yl)acetonitrile Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(CC#N)N=C1 DPZHKLJPVMYFCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCSPSGQVZXMPKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluorobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(F)C(O)=O GCSPSGQVZXMPKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVJSGHCUPZZBFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(=O)(O)OC(=O)O.C(=O)(O)OC(=O)O.C(=O)(O)OC(=O)O Chemical compound C(=O)(O)OC(=O)O.C(=O)(O)OC(=O)O.C(=O)(O)OC(=O)O FVJSGHCUPZZBFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPFSSGBBQBZBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)C1(CCC(CC1)OC(=O)OOC(=O)O)C(C)(C)C Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1(CCC(CC1)OC(=O)OOC(=O)O)C(C)(C)C UPFSSGBBQBZBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N Gluconic acid Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001079660 Phanes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)OC(O)=O ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940048879 dl tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWINGZLCRSDKCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxycarbonyloxy ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OOC(=O)OCC CWINGZLCRSDKCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUONNNVJUCSETH-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoyl icosanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC AUONNNVJUCSETH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YNBRSWNUNPAQOF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;phenylmethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 YNBRSWNUNPAQOF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/002—Scale prevention in a polymerisation reactor or its auxiliary parts
- C08F2/005—Scale prevention in a polymerisation reactor or its auxiliary parts by addition of a scale inhibitor to the polymerisation medium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU75733A LU75733A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1976-09-06 | 1976-09-06 | |
| LU75733 | 1976-09-06 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI772603A7 FI772603A7 (fi) | 1978-03-07 |
| FI62319B FI62319B (fi) | 1982-08-31 |
| FI62319C true FI62319C (fi) | 1982-12-10 |
Family
ID=19728345
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI772603A FI62319C (fi) | 1976-09-06 | 1977-09-01 | Foerfarande foer polymerisering av vinylklorid i vattendispersion |
Country Status (18)
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2845569A1 (de) * | 1978-10-19 | 1980-04-30 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von vinylhalogenidhomo- und -copolymerisaten |
| DE2912571A1 (de) * | 1979-03-29 | 1980-10-09 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur polymerisation von vinylchlorid |
| DE3029907A1 (de) | 1980-08-07 | 1982-03-18 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Kontinuierliches verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines vinylchlorid-polymerisates in waessriger suspension |
| IT1137506B (it) * | 1981-03-13 | 1986-09-10 | Anic Spa | Composizione per il rivestimento delle pareti dei reattori e delle apparecchiature collegate,destinate alla polimerizzazione di composti vinilici,idonea ad evitare o ridurre depositi ed incrostazioni delle stesse apparecchiature e metodo per la sua utilizzazione |
| DE3401158A1 (de) * | 1984-01-14 | 1985-07-18 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur polymerisation von vinylchlorid |
| DE4024150A1 (de) * | 1990-07-30 | 1992-02-06 | Basf Ag | Waessrige polymerisatdispersionen |
| EP0805168B1 (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 2000-11-08 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Vinyl chloride polymer |
| JP2002155107A (ja) * | 2000-11-21 | 2002-05-28 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5345836B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1974-04-26 | 1978-12-09 | ||
| JPS5227492A (en) * | 1975-08-28 | 1977-03-01 | Chisso Corp | Process for preparing a vinyl chloride polymer |
| JPS52110794A (en) * | 1976-03-13 | 1977-09-17 | Chisso Corp | Preparation of vinyl chloride polymers |
| JPS52128984A (en) * | 1976-04-22 | 1977-10-28 | Chisso Corp | Preparation of vinyl chloride polymers by suspension polymerization |
-
1976
- 1976-09-06 LU LU75733A patent/LU75733A1/xx unknown
-
1977
- 1977-08-26 IT IT27000/77A patent/IT1085020B/it active
- 1977-08-26 BE BE180436A patent/BE858123A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-31 CA CA000285848A patent/CA1116793A/fr not_active Expired
- 1977-09-01 SE SE7709855A patent/SE435629C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-09-01 NZ NZ185072A patent/NZ185072A/xx unknown
- 1977-09-01 FI FI772603A patent/FI62319C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-09-02 AU AU28495/77A patent/AU507246B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-09-02 ZA ZA00775325A patent/ZA775325B/xx unknown
- 1977-09-02 NL NLAANVRAGE7709698,A patent/NL185845C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-09-02 DE DE2739708A patent/DE2739708C2/de not_active Expired
- 1977-09-05 GB GB36946/77A patent/GB1554499A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-09-05 ES ES462112A patent/ES462112A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-09-05 NO NO773062A patent/NO150722C/no unknown
- 1977-09-05 CH CH1081477A patent/CH623833A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-09-05 AT AT637877A patent/AT360232B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-09-05 JP JP10656277A patent/JPS5331788A/ja active Granted
- 1977-09-05 FR FR7727044A patent/FR2363586A1/fr active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1554499A (en) | 1979-10-24 |
| ATA637877A (de) | 1980-05-15 |
| AU2849577A (en) | 1979-03-08 |
| FR2363586B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1980-04-04 |
| NL185845B (nl) | 1990-03-01 |
| CH623833A5 (en) | 1981-06-30 |
| ZA775325B (en) | 1978-07-26 |
| SE435629B (sv) | 1984-10-08 |
| NZ185072A (en) | 1978-09-20 |
| NO773062L (no) | 1978-03-07 |
| DE2739708C2 (de) | 1986-03-13 |
| NL7709698A (nl) | 1978-03-08 |
| NO150722B (no) | 1984-08-27 |
| FR2363586A1 (fr) | 1978-03-31 |
| SE7709855L (sv) | 1978-03-07 |
| JPS6129966B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1986-07-10 |
| DE2739708A1 (de) | 1978-03-09 |
| LU75733A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1978-04-27 |
| AT360232B (de) | 1980-12-29 |
| AU507246B2 (en) | 1980-02-07 |
| FI772603A7 (fi) | 1978-03-07 |
| BE858123A (fr) | 1978-02-27 |
| ES462112A1 (es) | 1978-06-01 |
| FI62319B (fi) | 1982-08-31 |
| JPS5331788A (en) | 1978-03-25 |
| CA1116793A (fr) | 1982-01-19 |
| IT1085020B (it) | 1985-05-28 |
| NL185845C (nl) | 1990-08-01 |
| NO150722C (no) | 1987-01-20 |
| SE435629C (sv) | 1986-05-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM | Patent lapsed |
Owner name: SOLVAY & CIE |