FI61636C - Flerkomponentmembran foer gasseparationer och foerfarande foerdess anvaendning - Google Patents
Flerkomponentmembran foer gasseparationer och foerfarande foerdess anvaendning Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI61636C FI61636C FI773439A FI773439A FI61636C FI 61636 C FI61636 C FI 61636C FI 773439 A FI773439 A FI 773439A FI 773439 A FI773439 A FI 773439A FI 61636 C FI61636 C FI 61636C
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- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- film
- gas
- multicomponent
- separation
- porous
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/1212—Coextruded layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0088—Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/66—Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/68—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Claims (39)
1. Flerkomponentmembran för gasseparation bestäende av ett beläggningsmaterial i kontakt med ett poröst underlag, känne-t e c k n a t därav, att det porösa underlaget är ett poröst sepa-rationsmembran, som har en väsentlig porvolym och bestär av ett material, som selektivt gemonsläpper ätminstone en gas av en gas-blandning ätminstone relativt en eller flera äterstäende gaser och beläggningens material är i tillsluten kontakt med det porösa separationsmembranet, varvid materialet av det porösa separations-membranet med hänsyn tili ätminstone ett par gaser uppvisar en bestämd egen separationsfaktor större Mn den bestämda egen separa-tionsfaktorn av beläggningens material och flerkomponentmembranet uppvisar en separationsfaktor betydelsefullt större än den bestämda egen separationsfaktorn av beläggningens material och större än det porösa separationsmembranets egen separationsfaktor.
2. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 1, k ä n n e -t e c k n a t därav, att ätminstone ett par gaser bestär av väte, helium, ammoniak och koldioxid samt av kolmonoxid, kväve, argon, svavelhexafluorid, metan och etan och membranets porvolym är ca 10-80 %.
3. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 1 eller 2, kännetecknat därav, att flerkomponentmembranets separa-tiohsfaktor är ätminstone ca 35 % större än den bestämda egen separationsfaktorn av beläggningens material, varvid beläggningen är i kontakt med ätminstone en yta av det porösa separationsmemebranet och det porösa separationsmembranet är anisotropiskt och uppvisar ett relativt tätt omräde,
4. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-3, kännetecknat därav, att det porösa separationsmembranet bestär av ätminstone nägot av följande ämnen: polysylfon, sampolymer av styren och akrylnitril, polyarylenoxid, polykarbonat eller cellu-losaacetat.
5. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 4, kännetecknat därav, att polysulfonen har en repetitiv enhet som representeras av strukturen O M --R — S-R*-- M O 61636 där bade R och R' är alifatiska eller aromatiska hydrokarbyl inne-hällande delar med 1 - ca 40 kolatomer.
6. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 5, kanne-t e c k n a t därav, att polysulfonens repetitiva enhet represen-teras av formeln _______ _ __ n väri n är ca 50-80.
7. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 5, k ä n n e -t e c k n a t därav, att polysulfonen är poly(aryleneter)sulfon.
8. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nägot av patentkraven 5-7, kännetecknat därav, att flerkomponentmembranets effek-tiva separationstjocklek med hänsyn tili Atminstone en gas, som är vald ur gruppen, som omfattar kolmonoxid, kväve, argon, svavel-hexafluorid, metan, etan och koldioxid är mindre än ca 5 000 Ängström-enheter räknat p£ polysulfonens permeabilitetskonstant för denna gas; förhAllandet av det porösa separationsmembranets 3 totalarea tili porernas totala tvärsnittsarea av minst.ca 10 :1; “*'det porösa separationsmembranets genomsnittliga pordiameter är mindre än ca 20 000 Angström-enheter och polysulfonens molekylvikt är minst ca 10 000.
9. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 4, kännetecknat därav, att poly(arylenoxiden) är en poly(xylenoxid).
10. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 9, kännetecknat därav, att poly(xylenoxiden) är en bromerad poly-(xylenoxid),
11. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 4, kännetecknat därav, att det porösa separationsmembranet bestär av en sampolymer av styren och akrylnitril innehällande ca 20-70 vikt-% styren och ca 30-80 vikt-% akrylnitril.
12. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-11, kännetecknat därav, att beläggningen bestär av minst 98 61 6 3 6 ett av de följande: polysiloxan, polyisopren, sampolymer av cX-metyl-styren och polysiloxan, polystyren med en polymerisationsgrad av ca 2-20, och alifatiska hydrokarbyl innehAllande organiska föreningar med ca 14-30 kolatomer.
13. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nAgot av patentkraven 1-12 kännetecknat därav, att beläggningen appliceras under användandning av en huvudsakligen flytande substans, som är lämplig för bildande av beläggningen, och beläggningen tjocklek pA det porösa separationsmembranets yta, pa vilken den applicerats, är upp tili ca 50 mikroner.
14. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 13, kännetecknat därav, att den huvudsakligen flytande substansen appliceras pa det porösa separationsmembranets ena yta och den andra ytan utsätts för ett lägre absolut tryck under appliceringen.
15. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 13 eller 14, k ä n-netecknat därav, att en av ett polymeriserbart material bestAende huvudsakligen flytande substans appliceras pA det porösa separationsmembranet och det polymeriserbara materialet polymeriseras efter appliceringen pA det porösa separationsmembranet för att ge beläggningen.
16. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nAgot av patentkraven 12-15, kännetecknat därav, att beläggningen bestAr av en polysiloxan och beläggningen är huvudsakligen oavbruten.
17. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nagot av patentkraven 1-16, kännetecknat därav, att beläggningen bestär av Atminstone en alifatisk och aromatisk polysiloxan, som har repetitive enheter, som innehAller 1 - ca 20 kolatomer.
18. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 16 eller 17, k ä n-netecknat därav, att polysiloxanen tvärbinds för att producera silikongummi medan den har en molekylvikt av ca 1 000 - 100 000 före tvärbindningen.
19. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nAgot av patentkraven 1-7 och 9-18, kännetecknat därav, att med hänsyn tili Atminstone en gas, som valts ur gruppen, som omfattar kolmonoxid, kväve, argon, svavelhexafluorid, metan, etan och koldioxid flerkomponentmembranet effektiva separationstjocklek är mindre än ca 15 000 Angström-enheter baserat pA permeabilitetskonstanten av det porösa separationsmembranets material för denna gas och förhAllandet av det porösa separationsmembranets totala area till porernas totala tvärsnittsarea är atminstone ca 103:1. 99 61 636
20. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-19, kännetecknat därav, att beläggningens material med'hänsyn till ätminstone en gas av gasparet har en högre permeabilitetskonstant än det porösa separationsmembrandets material.
21. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-20, kännetecknat därav, att flerkomponentmembranets permea-bilitet är större än hos ett membran, som huvudsakligen är detsamma som det porösa separationsmembranet, uton att ätminstone membranets ena yta har tillräckligt värmebehandlats, i när eller fränvaro av en vätska, för att med hänsyn tili detta ätmintone ett par gaser ästadkomma en separationsfaktor som är lika med eller större än fler-komponentmembranets separationsfaktor.
22. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-20, kännetecknat därav, att flerkomponentmembranets permea-bilitet är större än hos ett membran, som är huvudsakligen detsamma som det porösa separationsmembranet, uton att ätminstone membranets ena yta har behandlats för att tillräckligt komprimera membranet för att med hänsyn tili detta ätminstone ett par gaser ge en separationsfaktor som är lika med eller större än flerkomponentmembranets separationsfaktor.
23. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-20, kännetecknat därav, att det porösa separationsmemebranet är en anisotropisk ihälig fiber, som är i ständ att upprätthälla kon-figurationen av en ihälig fiber under gasseparationsförhällanden och väri flerkomponentmembranet har en större permeabilitet än ett anisotropiskt ihäligt fibermembran, som bestär av det porösa sepa-rationsmembranets material och vilket membran är i ständ att upprätthälla konfigurationen av den ihäliga fibern under gasseparationsförhällanden, och varvid detta membran med hänsyn tili ätminstone ett gaspar uppvisar en separationsfaktor, lika med eller större än flerkomponentmembranet s separtionsfaktor.
24. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-23, kännetecknat därav, att bäde separationsfaktorn och permeabiliteten av flerkomponentmembranet päverkas av förhällandet det porösa separationsmembranets totalarea tili porernas totala tvär-snittsarea och/eller tili porernas genomsnittliga tvärsnittsdiameter. 100 61636
25. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-24, kännetecknat därav, att bade seprationsfaktorn och permea-biliteten av flerkomponentmembranet päverkas av de relativa mot-ständen för gasstromning genom det porösa separationsmembranets porer och genom det porösa seprationsmembranets fasta delar.
26. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nagot av patentkraven 1-25, kännetecknat därav, att flerkomponentmembranet bestär en ihälig fiber.
27. Flerkomponentmembran enligt patentkravet 26, kännetecknat därav, att beläggningen är i kontakt med ätminstone den yttre ytan av den ihäliga fibern.
28. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-27, kännetecknat därav, att beläggningen är i kontakt med ät-minstone matningsytan av det porösa separationsmembranet.
29. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-28, kännetecknat därav, att beläggningen är i kontakt med det porösa separationsmembranets bada ytor och beläggningen i kontakt med bäda ytorna har en genomsnittlig tjocklek av upp till ca 50 mikroner.
30. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nagot av patentkraven 1-29, kännetecknat därav, att beläggningen omfattar ätminstone tvä skikt.
32. Flerkomponentmembran enligt nagot av patentkraven 1-30, kännetecknat därav, att beläggningsmaterialet har en till-räckligt stor molekylstorlek, sä att beläggningsmaterialet inte gär genom det porösa separationsmembranets porer under gasseparationen.
32. Förfarande för användning av ett flerkomponentmembran för separation av ätminstone en gas i en gasblandning frän ätminstone en annan gas i denna gasblandning, varvid en genom membranet trängd produkt ästadkoms som innehäller ätminstone en genomträngd gas, kännetecknat därav, att gasblandningen bringas i kontakt med ätminstone en yta av ett flerkomponentmembran definierat i patentkraven 1-31, vilket flerkomponentmembran med hänsyn tili ätminstone ett par av gaser av gasblandningen selektivt genomsläpper den ena gasen av detta gaspar relativt den den andra gasen av detta gaspar; flerkomponentmembranets motsatta yta hälls vid en lägre kemisk potential för denna ätminstone en genomträngande gas än den kemiska potentialen vid denna yta; denna ätminstone en genomträngande gas tilläts tränga in i och genom flerkomponentmembranet; och genomträngd
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US74215976A | 1976-11-15 | 1976-11-15 | |
| US74215976 | 1976-11-15 | ||
| US83248177 | 1977-09-13 | ||
| US05/832,481 US4230463A (en) | 1977-09-13 | 1977-09-13 | Multicomponent membranes for gas separations |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI773439A FI773439A (fi) | 1978-05-16 |
| FI61636B FI61636B (fi) | 1982-05-31 |
| FI61636C true FI61636C (fi) | 1982-09-10 |
Family
ID=27113975
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI773439A FI61636C (fi) | 1976-11-15 | 1977-11-14 | Flerkomponentmembran foer gasseparationer och foerfarande foerdess anvaendning |
Country Status (28)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5951321B2 (sv) |
| AR (1) | AR224102A1 (sv) |
| AT (1) | AT374375B (sv) |
| AU (1) | AU504016B2 (sv) |
| BE (1) | BE860811A (sv) |
| BR (1) | BR7707583A (sv) |
| CA (1) | CA1107203A (sv) |
| CS (1) | CS257751B2 (sv) |
| DD (1) | DD133298A5 (sv) |
| DE (1) | DE2750874C2 (sv) |
| DK (1) | DK148735C (sv) |
| EG (1) | EG13082A (sv) |
| ES (3) | ES464048A1 (sv) |
| FI (1) | FI61636C (sv) |
| FR (1) | FR2410501A1 (sv) |
| GB (1) | GB1590813A (sv) |
| IL (1) | IL53379A (sv) |
| IT (1) | IT1089058B (sv) |
| MX (2) | MX148173A (sv) |
| NL (1) | NL175387C (sv) |
| NO (1) | NO149019C (sv) |
| PH (1) | PH14682A (sv) |
| PL (1) | PL125022B1 (sv) |
| PT (1) | PT67269B (sv) |
| RO (1) | RO76391A (sv) |
| SE (1) | SE440744B (sv) |
| TR (1) | TR19886A (sv) |
| YU (1) | YU41572B (sv) |
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| IL59581A0 (en) * | 1979-03-28 | 1980-06-30 | Monsanto Co | Methods for preparing anisotropic membranes and membranes prepared therefrom |
| EP0017463B1 (en) * | 1979-04-03 | 1982-11-24 | Monsanto Company | Gas recovery process |
| US4238204A (en) * | 1979-06-18 | 1980-12-09 | Monsanto Company | Selective adsorption process |
| EP0024718A3 (de) * | 1979-09-04 | 1981-10-14 | Friedrich Wolff | Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung oder Verminderung des Sauerstoffanteils der Luft sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Verfahren zu deren Betrieb |
| DE3006880C2 (de) * | 1980-02-23 | 1986-10-09 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Plasmaphoresemembran |
| FR2478482A1 (fr) * | 1980-03-21 | 1981-09-25 | Lidorenko Nikolai | Membrane permeable aux gaz, procede de fabrication de celle-ci et oxygenateur de sang utilisant ladite membrane |
| FR2482468A1 (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1981-11-20 | Bend Res Inc | Reverse osmosis composite membrane is hollow fibre - whose inner surface is coated with interfacial salt rejecting membrane |
| JPS5794304A (en) * | 1980-12-03 | 1982-06-11 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Gas separating membrane made of polysulfone hollow fiber and its manufacture |
| JPS57104007A (en) * | 1980-12-19 | 1982-06-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Oxygen-enriched gas supplying equipment for combustion |
| US4362613A (en) * | 1981-03-13 | 1982-12-07 | Monsanto Company | Hydrocracking processes having an enhanced efficiency of hydrogen utilization |
| US4367135A (en) * | 1981-03-12 | 1983-01-04 | Monsanto Company | Processes |
| JPS588514A (ja) * | 1981-07-08 | 1983-01-18 | Ube Ind Ltd | 複合分離膜の製造法 |
| JPS58132111A (ja) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-08-06 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ポリスルホン中空糸 |
| US4428776A (en) * | 1982-06-23 | 1984-01-31 | The Standard Oil Company | Cellulosic semipermeable membranes containing silicon compounds |
| JPS59160506A (ja) * | 1983-02-28 | 1984-09-11 | Kuraray Co Ltd | 複合中空糸分離膜およびその製造法 |
| JPS59169509A (ja) * | 1983-03-14 | 1984-09-25 | Toray Ind Inc | 気体分離用中空糸膜およびその製造方法 |
| EP0141793A1 (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-05-15 | Monsanto Company | Asymmetric gas separation membranes having increased selectivy, and process for their production |
| EP0131559B1 (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1987-12-02 | Monsanto Company | Amorphous aryl substituted polyarylene oxide membranes |
| US4530703A (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-07-23 | Monsanto Company | Cross-linked polyarylene oxide membranes |
| US4639257A (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1987-01-27 | Costain Petrocarbon Limited | Recovery of carbon dioxide from gas mixture |
| GB2151597B (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1987-09-30 | Petrocarbon Dev Ltd | Recovery of carbon dioxide from gas mixtures |
| GB2154600A (en) * | 1984-02-23 | 1985-09-11 | British Gas Corp | Producing and purifying methane |
| DE3582394D1 (de) * | 1984-04-11 | 1991-05-08 | Syrinx Res Pty Ltd | Membran mit hohem flux. |
| JPS61408A (ja) * | 1984-06-11 | 1986-01-06 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 中空糸複合膜 |
| ATE40297T1 (de) * | 1985-02-14 | 1989-02-15 | Uop Inc | Semipermeable composite-membranen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung in vorrichtungen zur messung und abtrennung von wasserstoff. |
| DE3525235C1 (de) * | 1985-07-15 | 1986-11-27 | Gkss - Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh, 2054 Geesthacht | Verfahren zur Herstellung und Erhoehung der Selektivitaet einer integralasymmetrischen Membran |
| JPH0822373B2 (ja) * | 1986-02-10 | 1996-03-06 | 旭化成工業株式会社 | ポリスルホン系複合膜の製膜方法 |
| EP0242069A3 (en) * | 1986-04-14 | 1988-08-03 | Dow Corning Corporation | Semipermeable composite membranes produced from silicone water based emulsions applied to porous substrates |
| US4894068A (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1990-01-16 | Permea, Inc. | Process for capturing nitrogen from air using gas separation membranes |
| DE4242806A1 (de) * | 1992-12-17 | 1994-06-23 | Siemens Ag | Sensorschlauch |
| US5286280A (en) * | 1992-12-31 | 1994-02-15 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Composite gas separation membrane having a gutter layer comprising a crosslinked polar phenyl-containing - organopolysiloxane, and method for making the same - |
| US5514413A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1996-05-07 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process for producing composite membranes |
| US5443728A (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1995-08-22 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Method of preparing membranes from blends of polyetherimide and polyimide polymers |
| US6315968B1 (en) * | 1995-01-18 | 2001-11-13 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process for separating acid gases from gaseous mixtures utilizing composite membranes formed from salt-polymer blends |
| US6128919A (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 2000-10-10 | Messer Griesheim Industries, Inc. | Process for separating natural gas and carbon dioxide |
| US6085549A (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 2000-07-11 | Messer Griesheim Industries, Inc. | Membrane process for producing carbon dioxide |
| US20090223229A1 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2009-09-10 | Hua Wang | Method and System for Using Low BTU Fuel Gas in a Gas Turbine |
| ITUB20159436A1 (it) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-06-28 | Medica S P A | Uso di una membrana per la purificazione di biogas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL126633C (sv) * | 1958-02-24 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US3350844A (en) * | 1964-09-21 | 1967-11-07 | Gen Electric | Process for the separation or enrichment of gases |
| GB1069231A (en) * | 1966-02-21 | 1967-05-17 | Du Pont | Separation of fluid mixtures |
| FR1566272A (sv) * | 1968-01-19 | 1969-05-09 | ||
| NL158087B (nl) * | 1968-01-30 | 1978-10-16 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Werkwijze voor het afscheiden van gassen met behulp van een membraan uit een cellulose-ester. |
| FR2082095A5 (sv) * | 1970-03-03 | 1971-12-10 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | |
| US3926798A (en) * | 1974-10-17 | 1975-12-16 | Us Interior | Reverse osmosis membrane |
| JPS5255719A (en) * | 1975-10-31 | 1977-05-07 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Hollow fibers having selective gas permeability and production thereof |
| US3980456A (en) * | 1975-03-31 | 1976-09-14 | General Electric Company | Method for sealing breaches in multi-layer ultrathin membrane composites |
-
1977
- 1977-11-10 FR FR7734031A patent/FR2410501A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-11-11 NL NLAANVRAGE7712432,A patent/NL175387C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-11 ES ES464048A patent/ES464048A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-11-11 BR BR7707583A patent/BR7707583A/pt unknown
- 1977-11-14 RO RO7792112A patent/RO76391A/ro unknown
- 1977-11-14 DK DK503277A patent/DK148735C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-14 IL IL53379A patent/IL53379A/xx unknown
- 1977-11-14 CA CA290,702A patent/CA1107203A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-11-14 JP JP52137219A patent/JPS5951321B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1977-11-14 CS CS777473A patent/CS257751B2/cs unknown
- 1977-11-14 DE DE2750874A patent/DE2750874C2/de not_active Expired
- 1977-11-14 AU AU30607/77A patent/AU504016B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-11-14 GB GB47269/77A patent/GB1590813A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-11-14 FI FI773439A patent/FI61636C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-14 PL PL1977202124A patent/PL125022B1/pl unknown
- 1977-11-14 BE BE182612A patent/BE860811A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-14 AR AR269964A patent/AR224102A1/es active
- 1977-11-14 SE SE7712818A patent/SE440744B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-14 NO NO773882A patent/NO149019C/no unknown
- 1977-11-14 DD DD7700202073A patent/DD133298A5/xx unknown
- 1977-11-14 MX MX171323A patent/MX148173A/es unknown
- 1977-11-14 PT PT67269A patent/PT67269B/pt unknown
- 1977-11-14 MX MX193977A patent/MX172537B/es unknown
- 1977-11-14 AT AT0812477A patent/AT374375B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-14 IT IT29640/77A patent/IT1089058B/it active
- 1977-11-15 YU YU2722/77A patent/YU41572B/xx unknown
- 1977-11-15 PH PH20438A patent/PH14682A/en unknown
- 1977-11-15 EG EG639/77A patent/EG13082A/xx active
- 1977-11-16 TR TR19886A patent/TR19886A/xx unknown
-
1978
- 1978-01-30 ES ES466474A patent/ES466474A1/es not_active Expired
- 1978-12-01 ES ES475666A patent/ES475666A1/es not_active Expired
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MM | Patent lapsed |
Owner name: PERMEA, INC. |