ES307299A1 - Procedure for the preparation of substitute 6,7-benzomorphanes. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Procedure for the preparation of substitute 6,7-benzomorphanes. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)Info
- Publication number
- ES307299A1 ES307299A1 ES0307299A ES307299A ES307299A1 ES 307299 A1 ES307299 A1 ES 307299A1 ES 0307299 A ES0307299 A ES 0307299A ES 307299 A ES307299 A ES 307299A ES 307299 A1 ES307299 A1 ES 307299A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- general formula
- radical
- group
- radicals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/28—Radicals substituted by singly-bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
- C07D213/30—Oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/68—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D211/70—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/80—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/82—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D221/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00
- C07D221/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D221/22—Bridged ring systems
- C07D221/26—Benzomorphans
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
Abstract
Process for the preparation of substituted 6,7-benzomorpans, of the general formula I, ** (See formula) ** in which X means oxygen or sulfur, R1 means hydrogen, the hydroxy group, an alkoxy or lower alkanoyloxy radical, R 2 represents hydrogen, an alkyl or lower beta-methoxy-ethyl radical or a phenyl radical optionally substituted by a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group or an alkyl, alkanoyloxy or lower alkoxy group, R3 means hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical, R4 and R5 mean, independently of one another, hydrogen, lower alkyl radicals, lower alkenyl radicals, phenyl, chlorophenyl or bromophenyl radicals or phenylalkyl radicals, or R4 and R5 mean, together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, a saturated heterocycle with at most 7 carbon atoms or a morpholino radical, and its acid addition salts, characterized in that a compound of the general formula II, ** (See formula) ** wherein R1, R2 and R3 have the meaning stated above, it is reacted in the presence of an acid-binding agent with phosgene and an amine of the general formula III, ** (See formula) ** or with a compound of the general formula IIIa, ** (See formula) ** in which formulas R4 and R5 have the significance stated above and Hal means a halogen atom, and, if desired, a compound thus obtained with X = O is transformed into one such compound with X = S, as well as, if desired, a compound of the general formula I, wherein R 1 signifies the hydroxylic group, it is alkylated or alkanoylated in a manner known per se, or in the case that R1 means an alkoxy or lower alkanoyloxy group is hydrolyzed in a manner known per se, and furthermore, if desired, a compound of the general formula I is transformed in an acid addition salt. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US33229663A | 1963-12-20 | 1963-12-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES307299A1 true ES307299A1 (en) | 1965-05-16 |
Family
ID=23297612
Family Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES0307299A Expired ES307299A1 (en) | 1963-12-20 | 1964-12-19 | Procedure for the preparation of substitute 6,7-benzomorphanes. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES0307300A Expired ES307300A1 (en) | 1963-12-20 | 1964-12-19 | Procedure for the preparation of new substitute 6,7-benzomorphanes. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES0307301A Expired ES307301A1 (en) | 1963-12-20 | 1964-12-19 | Benzomorphans and process for their preparation |
| ES0307302A Expired ES307302A1 (en) | 1963-12-20 | 1964-12-19 | Procedure for preparing new substituteed 6,7-benzomorphanes. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Family Applications After (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES0307300A Expired ES307300A1 (en) | 1963-12-20 | 1964-12-19 | Procedure for the preparation of new substitute 6,7-benzomorphanes. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES0307301A Expired ES307301A1 (en) | 1963-12-20 | 1964-12-19 | Benzomorphans and process for their preparation |
| ES0307302A Expired ES307302A1 (en) | 1963-12-20 | 1964-12-19 | Procedure for preparing new substituteed 6,7-benzomorphanes. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (4) | AT249276B (en) |
| BE (2) | BE657406A (en) |
| CH (7) | CH449639A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE1445854A1 (en) |
| DK (4) | DK108497C (en) |
| ES (4) | ES307299A1 (en) |
| FR (2) | FR4346M (en) |
| GB (2) | GB1077711A (en) |
| IL (2) | IL22643A (en) |
| NL (3) | NL6414821A (en) |
| NO (2) | NO119274B (en) |
| SE (2) | SE305657B (en) |
Families Citing this family (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7923454B2 (en) | 2002-05-17 | 2011-04-12 | Jenken Biosciences, Inc. | Opioid and opioid-like compounds and uses thereof |
| EP2987788A1 (en) | 2002-05-17 | 2016-02-24 | Taiwanj Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. | Opioid and opioid-like compounds and uses thereof |
| US7501433B2 (en) | 2002-05-17 | 2009-03-10 | Jenken Biosciences, Inc. | Opioid and opioid-like compounds and uses thereof |
| US8017622B2 (en) | 2003-05-16 | 2011-09-13 | Jenken Biosciences, Inc. | Opioid and opioid-like compounds and uses thereof |
| EP2125750B1 (en) | 2007-02-26 | 2014-05-21 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Cyclic urea and carbamate inhibitors of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 |
| ATE554078T1 (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2012-05-15 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals Inc | SYNTHESIS OF 11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE-1 INHIBITORS |
| AR069207A1 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2010-01-06 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals Inc | CYCLIC UREAS AS INHIBITORS OF THE 11 BETA - HIDROXI-ESTEROIDE DESHIDROGENASA 1 |
| CL2008003407A1 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2010-01-11 | Boehringer Ingelheim Int | Substituted heterobicyclo aryl- and heteroarylcarbonyl derivative compounds; pharmaceutical composition; preparation procedure; and its use in the treatment and / or prevention of metabolic disorders, mediated by the inhibition of the enzyme hsd-1. |
| WO2009075835A1 (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2009-06-18 | Vitae Pharmaceutical, Inc | CYCLIC UREA INHIBITORS OF 11β-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE 1 |
| TW200934490A (en) | 2008-01-07 | 2009-08-16 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals Inc | Lactam inhibitors of 11 &abgr;-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 |
| US8592409B2 (en) | 2008-01-24 | 2013-11-26 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Cyclic carbazate and semicarbazide inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 |
| JP5734666B2 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2015-06-17 | ヴァイティー ファーマシューティカルズ，インコーポレイテッド | 1,3-oxaazepan-2-one and 1,3-diazepan-2-one inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 |
| EP2245014B1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2011-11-02 | Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH | Urea derivatives of benzomorphanes and related scaffolds, medicaments containing such compounds and their use |
| JP5730021B2 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2015-06-03 | ヴァイティー ファーマシューティカルズ，インコーポレイテッド | Cycloalkyllactam derivatives as inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 |
| AR071609A1 (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2010-06-30 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals Inc | CYCLICAL INHIBITORS OF 11 (BETA) -HYDROXIESTEROID DEHYDROGENASE 1 |
| EP2291370B1 (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2013-11-27 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Cyclic inhibitors of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 |
| CA2723032A1 (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2009-11-05 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Cyclic inhibitors of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 |
| AR071236A1 (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2010-06-02 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals Inc | CYCLE INHIBITORS OF 11BETA-HYDROXIESTEROID DEHYDROGENASE 1 |
| CL2009001151A1 (en) | 2008-05-13 | 2010-08-13 | Boehringer Ingelheim Int | Compounds derived from benzomorphane alicyclic carbocyclic acids, preparation procedure, pharmaceutical composition, useful for treating diseases influenced by the inhibition of the enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, such as metabolic disorders. |
| CA2730499A1 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-28 | Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh | Cyclic inhibitors of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 |
| WO2010010157A2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-28 | Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh | INHIBITORS OF 11beta-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE 1 |
| TW201022266A (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2010-06-16 | Boehringer Ingelheim Int | Urea derivatives of substituted nortropanes, medicaments containing such compounds and their use |
| EP2393807B1 (en) | 2009-02-04 | 2013-08-14 | Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH | Cyclic inhibitors of 11 -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 |
| MA33216B1 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2012-04-02 | Boehringer Ingelheim Int | CYCLIC INHIBITORS OF 11BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE 1 |
| EP2438049B1 (en) | 2009-06-02 | 2014-05-14 | Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH | Cyclic inhibitors of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 |
| EP2440537A1 (en) | 2009-06-11 | 2012-04-18 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Cyclic inhibitors of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 based on the 1,3 -oxazinan- 2 -one structure |
| US8883778B2 (en) | 2009-07-01 | 2014-11-11 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Cyclic inhibitors of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 |
| TWI531571B (en) | 2009-11-06 | 2016-05-01 | 維它藥物公司 | Aryl-and heteroarylcarbonyl derivatives of hexahydroindenopyridine and octahydrobenzoquinoline |
| EP2582698B1 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2016-09-14 | Vitae Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Substituted 5-,6- and 7-membered heterocycles, medicaments containing such compounds, and their use |
| EP2585444B1 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2014-10-22 | Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH | Azaspirohexanones as inhibitors of 11-beta-hsd1 for the treatment of metabolic disorders |
| WO2012059416A1 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2012-05-10 | Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh | Pharmaceutical combinations for the treatment of metabolic disorders |
| TWI537258B (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2016-06-11 | 百靈佳殷格翰國際股份有限公司 | Aryl-and heteroarylcarbonyl derivatives of hexahydroindenopyridine and octahydrobenzoquinoline |
| WO2013025664A1 (en) | 2011-08-17 | 2013-02-21 | Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh | Indenopyridine derivatives |
-
0
- NL NL127995D patent/NL127995C/xx active
-
1964
- 1964-11-30 CH CH1618767A patent/CH449639A/en unknown
- 1964-11-30 CH CH1619167A patent/CH449643A/en unknown
- 1964-11-30 CH CH1618867A patent/CH449640A/en unknown
- 1964-11-30 CH CH1619067A patent/CH449642A/en unknown
- 1964-11-30 CH CH1538464A patent/CH446371A/en unknown
- 1964-11-30 CH CH1618967A patent/CH449641A/en unknown
- 1964-11-30 CH CH1538364A patent/CH448118A/en unknown
- 1964-12-18 DE DE19641445854 patent/DE1445854A1/en active Pending
- 1964-12-18 DE DE19641445853 patent/DE1445853A1/en active Pending
- 1964-12-18 IL IL2264364A patent/IL22643A/en unknown
- 1964-12-18 NL NL6414821A patent/NL6414821A/xx unknown
- 1964-12-18 SE SE1536164A patent/SE305657B/xx unknown
- 1964-12-18 GB GB5149864A patent/GB1077711A/en not_active Expired
- 1964-12-18 AT AT392865A patent/AT249276B/en active
- 1964-12-18 IL IL2264264A patent/IL22642A/en unknown
- 1964-12-18 GB GB5150064A patent/GB1092394A/en not_active Expired
- 1964-12-18 SE SE1536064A patent/SE322779B/xx unknown
- 1964-12-18 AT AT392965A patent/AT249277B/en active
- 1964-12-18 AT AT1074264A patent/AT261126B/en active
- 1964-12-18 AT AT1074364A patent/AT253687B/en active
- 1964-12-18 NL NL6414820A patent/NL6414820A/xx unknown
- 1964-12-19 DK DK429865A patent/DK108497C/en active
- 1964-12-19 NO NO15606364A patent/NO119274B/no unknown
- 1964-12-19 ES ES0307299A patent/ES307299A1/en not_active Expired
- 1964-12-19 ES ES0307300A patent/ES307300A1/en not_active Expired
- 1964-12-19 NO NO15606264A patent/NO119273B/no unknown
- 1964-12-19 DK DK626864A patent/DK106552C/en active
- 1964-12-19 ES ES0307301A patent/ES307301A1/en not_active Expired
- 1964-12-19 DK DK429765A patent/DK108496C/en active
- 1964-12-19 DK DK626764A patent/DK108495C/en active
- 1964-12-19 ES ES0307302A patent/ES307302A1/en not_active Expired
- 1964-12-21 BE BE657406D patent/BE657406A/xx unknown
- 1964-12-21 BE BE657405D patent/BE657405A/xx unknown
-
1965
- 1965-03-19 FR FR9866A patent/FR4346M/fr active Active
- 1965-03-19 FR FR9865A patent/FR4345M/fr active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO119273B (en) | 1970-04-27 |
| NL6414821A (en) | 1965-06-21 |
| SE305657B (en) | 1968-11-04 |
| IL22642A (en) | 1968-07-25 |
| GB1092394A (en) | 1967-11-22 |
| CH449641A (en) | 1968-01-15 |
| ES307301A1 (en) | 1965-05-16 |
| DK108497C (en) | 1967-12-27 |
| DK106552C (en) | 1967-02-20 |
| NL6414820A (en) | 1965-06-21 |
| CH449643A (en) | 1968-01-15 |
| ES307300A1 (en) | 1965-05-01 |
| DE1445853A1 (en) | 1968-12-05 |
| DK108495C (en) | 1967-12-27 |
| CH449639A (en) | 1968-01-15 |
| ES307302A1 (en) | 1965-05-16 |
| NO119274B (en) | 1970-04-27 |
| AT253687B (en) | 1967-04-25 |
| AT249277B (en) | 1966-09-12 |
| CH449640A (en) | 1968-01-15 |
| BE657406A (en) | 1965-06-21 |
| SE322779B (en) | 1970-04-20 |
| NL127995C (en) | |
| DK108496C (en) | 1967-12-27 |
| CH449642A (en) | 1968-01-15 |
| AT261126B (en) | 1968-04-10 |
| AT249276B (en) | 1966-09-12 |
| CH446371A (en) | 1967-11-15 |
| IL22643A (en) | 1968-07-25 |
| FR4345M (en) | 1966-08-16 |
| CH448118A (en) | 1967-12-15 |
| FR4346M (en) | 1966-08-16 |
| GB1077711A (en) | 1967-08-02 |
| DE1445854A1 (en) | 1968-12-05 |
| BE657405A (en) | 1965-06-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| ES307299A1 (en) | Procedure for the preparation of substitute 6,7-benzomorphanes. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES385302A1 (en) | Procedure for the obtaining of trisused derivatives of etilendiamine. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES330368A1 (en) | Procedure for preparing N-alcohilamino-alcohilic derivatives of espirotetralinosuccinimidas and their salts. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| GB961037A (en) | Pyrazolones and processes for their preparation | |
| GB1049123A (en) | Substituted aralkyl piperazines and homopiperazines | |
| GB851311A (en) | Morpholine compounds and their production | |
| ES298013A1 (en) | Procedure depreparation of new derivatives of the quinolein (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES274334A1 (en) | Procedure for the preparation of new 1,4-benzodioxan compounds (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES301710A1 (en) | Procedure for the preparation of new 1,2-diaril-4-alkyl-3,5-dioxo-pirazolidines (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES315014A1 (en) | Procedures for the preparation of an amidine or a corresponding acid addition salt. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES360031A1 (en) | Procedure for the preparation of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles isomeros. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES296118A1 (en) | Procedure for the production of new heterocyclic compounds (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES416013A1 (en) | A procedure for the preparation of new indamine salts. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES306706A1 (en) | Procedure for the obtaining of urea derivatives. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES486629A1 (en) | Procedure for the obtaining of tiadiazolic derivatives (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES323653A1 (en) | A procedure to prepare phytotoxic compounds. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES325110A1 (en) | Procedure for the preparation of derivatives 3-hidroxi- and 3-mercapto-1,2,8,9-tetraazafenalenos. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES277887A1 (en) | Procedure for the preparation of new N-heterocyclic compounds (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES280821A1 (en) | Procedure for the obtaining of new benzolsulfonil-semicarbacides (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES305739A1 (en) | Procedure for the preparation of new 5-phenyl-6,7-benzomorphanes replaced. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES226163A1 (en) | A procedure for the preparation of piperidine derivatives (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| GB1021530A (en) | Derivatives of 2-oxo-2h-1,4-benzoxazine | |
| ES271999A1 (en) | Procedure for the preparation of new derivatives of cumarina (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES302769A1 (en) | Procedure for the production of heterocyclic compounds (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| ES252657A1 (en) | Procedure for the obtaining of derivatives of difenilmetano replaced by basic radicals (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |