ES2661639T3 - Instrumento micro quirúrgico y unidad de carga para uso con el mismo - Google Patents

Instrumento micro quirúrgico y unidad de carga para uso con el mismo Download PDF

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ES2661639T3
ES2661639T3 ES14161222.6T ES14161222T ES2661639T3 ES 2661639 T3 ES2661639 T3 ES 2661639T3 ES 14161222 T ES14161222 T ES 14161222T ES 2661639 T3 ES2661639 T3 ES 2661639T3
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unit
cartridge
angle
cartridge unit
anvil
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Stanislaw Kostrzewski
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Covidien LP
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
    • A61B2017/00296—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means mounted on an endoscope
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00367—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
    • A61B2017/00398—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00367—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
    • A61B2017/00407—Ratchet means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/0046—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
    • A61B2017/00473—Distal part, e.g. tip or head
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00535—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets pneumatically or hydraulically operated
    • A61B2017/00539—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets pneumatically or hydraulically operated hydraulically
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07228—Arrangement of the staples
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07257—Stapler heads characterised by its anvil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07271—Stapler heads characterised by its cartridge
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07278—Stapler heads characterised by its sled or its staple holder
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07285—Stapler heads characterised by its cutter

Abstract

Una unidad (200) de carga configurada para el acoplamiento con un instrumento quirúrgico, comprendiendo la unidad de carga: una porción (212) de cuerpo proximal que define un eje longitudinal "A-A"; y una unidad (220) de herramienta dispuesta en cooperación mecánica con la porción de cuerpo proximal, incluyendo la unidad de herramienta una unidad (400) de cartucho y una unidad (300) de yunque, siendo al menos una de entre la unidad de cartucho y la unidad de yunque móvil sustancialmente a lo largo de un eje vertical "B-B" con respecto a la otra entre una posición abierta y una posición aproximada para agarrar el tejido entre ambas, teniendo la unidad de cartucho unas cavidades (401) que alojan una pluralidad de elementos (600) de fijación en su interior e incluyendo un deslizador (520) de accionamiento con superficies (524) de leva para contactar una pluralidad de empujadores (540) para la expulsión de los elementos de fijación, y donde un diámetro de la unidad de herramienta está definido y medido de acuerdo con una pared radialmente más exterior de la unidad de yunque y una pared radialmente más exterior de la unidad de cartucho en la posición aproximada y es menor o igual a alrededor de 8 mm; y un miembro (500) de agarre dispuesto en cooperación mecánica con la unidad de cartucho y la unidad de yunque, caracterizada por que las superficies (524) de leva del deslizador (520) de accionamiento, los empujadores (540), cavidades (401) y los elementos (600) de fijación están dispuestos según un ángulo no perpendicular de entre 15º y 40º con respecto de un plano "C-C" que se extiende a través del eje longitudinal "A-A" y a través de dicho eje vertical "B-B".

Description

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DESCRIPCIÓN
Instrumento micro quirúrgico y unidad de carga para uso con el mismo
Antecedentes
Campo de la técnica
La presente descripción se refiere en general a instrumentos para unir tejido quirúrgicamente y, más específicamente, a un instrumento de fijación quirúrgico y una unidad de carga que incluye un efector de extremo que tiene un diámetro relativamente pequeño.
Antecedentes de la técnica relacionada
Se conocen en la técnica varios tipos de instrumentos quirúrgicos utilizados para unir tejidos quirúrgicamente, y se utilizan comúnmente para, por ejemplo, el cierre de tejido u órganos para transección, resección, anastomosis, en la oclusión de órganos en procedimientos torácicos y abdominales, y para sellar o fundir tejidos electroquirúrgicamente.
Un ejemplo de este tipo de instrumento quirúrgico es un instrumento de grapadora quirúrgica, que puede incluir una unidad de yunque, una unidad de cartucho para soportar una disposición de elementos de fijación quirúrgicos, un mecanismo de aproximación para aproximar las unidades de cartucho y yunque, y un mecanismo de disparo para expulsar los elementos de fijación quirúrgicos de la unidad de cartucho.
Utilizando un instrumento quirúrgico, es común que un cirujano aproxime los miembros de yunque y cartucho. A continuación, el cirujano puede disparar el instrumento para colocar elementos de fijación en el tejido. Adicionalmente, el cirujano puede utilizar el mismo instrumento o un instrumento separado para cortar el tejido adyacente o entre la(s) fila(s) de elementos de fijación.
Adicionalmente, una unidad de carga de uso único (“SULU”, Single Use Loading Unit) o unidad de carga desechable (“DLU”, Disposable Loading Unit) puede estar fijada a una porción alargada o endoscópica de un instrumento de grapadora quirúrgica. Dichas unidades de carga permiten que los instrumentos de grapadora quirúrgica tengan una mayor versatilidad, por ejemplo. Las unidades de carga pueden estar configuradas para un único uso, y/o pueden estar configuradas para ser utilizadas más de una vez.
Además, los efectores de extremo y/o unidades de carga están generalmente limitados en tamaño por los diferentes componentes contenidos en los mismos. Es decir, al mismo tiempo que puede haber una necesidad de efectores de extremo y/o unidades de carga con diámetros más pequeños que los disponibles habitualmente, el diámetro del efector de extremo y/o la unidad de carga está típicamente limitado por el tamaño, geometría, y/o orientación de los elementos de empuje de grapa, vigas en I, raíl de accionamiento, y elementos de fijación, por ejemplo, contenidos en su interior.
El documento US 8 070 036 describe un efector de extremo que comprende una correa de alimentación que tiene dos filas de grapas, donde el efector de extremo puede estar dimensionado para encajar a través de un puerto de trocar que tiene un conducto de 5 mm de diámetro a través del mismo.
Compendio
La invención está definida por las reivindicaciones adjuntas.
La presente descripción se refiere a una unidad de carga configurada para su acoplamiento a un instrumento quirúrgico. La unidad de carga comprende una porción de cuerpo proximal y una unidad de herramienta. La porción de cuerpo proximal define un eje longitudinal. La unidad de herramienta está dispuesta en cooperación mecánica con la porción de cuerpo proximal e incluye una unidad de cartucho y una unidad de yunque. Al menos una de entre la unidad de cartucho y la unidad de yunque es móvil con respecto a la otra entre una posición abierta y una posición aproximada para agarrar el tejido entre ambas. La unidad de cartucho está configurada para alojar en su interior una pluralidad de elementos de fijación. El diámetro de la unidad de herramienta es menor o igual a alrededor de 8 mm.
En realizaciones descritas, el diámetro de la unidad de herramienta es igual a alrededor de 7 mm.
En realizaciones descritas, un diámetro de una porción de la porción de cuerpo proximal es sustancialmente igual al diámetro de la unidad de herramienta.
En realizaciones descritas, la unidad de carga comprende además un miembro de agarre dispuesto en cooperación mecánica con la unidad de cartucho y la unidad de yunque. Aquí, el miembro de agarre incluye una porción vertical que define un eje vertical y que es sustancialmente perpendicular al eje longitudinal. Se describe además que la unidad de carga además comprende un deslizador de accionamiento que puede trasladarse longitudinalmente al menos parcialmente dentro de la unidad de cartucho. El raíl de accionamiento incluye al menos dos superficies de leva: una primera superficie de leva se extiende según un primer ángulo con relación a un plano que se extiende a través del eje longitudinal y el eje vertical (el eje vertical está dentro del plano) y una segunda superficie de leva se
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extiende según un segundo ángulo con relación al plano. Se describe además que el primer ángulo y el segundo ángulo están entre alrededor de 15° y alrededor de 40°, o entre alrededor de 20° y alrededor de 35°. También se describe que el deslizador de accionamiento incluye un perfil similar a una V. Se describe también que al menos una mayoría de una primera superficie de contacto con el tejido de la unidad de cartucho está dispuesta según un ángulo sustancialmente perpendicular con respecto del primer ángulo, y al menos una mayoría de una segunda superficie de contacto con el tejido de la unidad de cartucho está dispuesta según un ángulo sustancialmente perpendicular con respecto del segundo ángulo.
En realizaciones descritas, la unidad de cartucho incluye una pluralidad de elementos de fijación en la misma. Cada uno de los elementos de fijación está configurado para ser expulsado de la unidad de cartucho según un ángulo que no es paralelo ni perpendicular al eje vertical.
En realizaciones descritas, el miembro de agarre incluye una porción superior para acoplar la unidad de yunque y una porción inferior para el acoplamiento de la unidad de cartucho. Una altura total definida entre una superficie más superior de la porción superior y una superficie más inferior de la porción inferior está entre alrededor de 1 mm y alrededor de 2,5 mm, o alrededor de 2 mm.
En realizaciones descritas, la unidad de carga comprende además un deslizador de accionamiento que puede trasladarse longitudinalmente al menos parcialmente dentro de la unidad de cartucho. El miembro de agarre incluye una porción superior para el acoplamiento con la unidad de yunque y una porción inferior para el acoplamiento de la unidad de cartucho. Una superficie más inferior de la porción inferior está más cerca de la porción superior del miembro de agarre que una superficie más superior del deslizador de accionamiento.
La presente descripción también se refiere a una unidad de cartucho para su uso con una unidad de herramienta de un instrumento quirúrgico. La unidad de cartucho comprende una pluralidad de elementos de fijación dispuestos al menos parcialmente en su interior, y un deslizador de accionamiento configurado para su traslación longitudinal alrededor de un primer eje longitudinal. Cada uno de entre la pluralidad de los elementos de fijación está configurado para ser expulsado según un ángulo no perpendicular con relación al primer eje longitudinal.
En realizaciones descritas, el deslizador de accionamiento incluye un perfil similar a una V que incluye una primera superficie de leva dispuesta según un primer ángulo y una segunda superficie de leva dispuesta según un segundo ángulo. También se describe que la unidad de cartucho comprende una primera superficie de contacto con el tejido y una segunda superficie de contacto con el tejido. Al menos una mayoría de la primera superficie de contacto con el tejido está dispuesta según un ángulo sustancialmente perpendicular con relación al primer ángulo. Al menos una mayoría de la segunda superficie de contacto con el tejido de la unidad de cartucho está dispuesta según un ángulo sustancialmente perpendicular con relación al segundo ángulo.
La presente descripción también se refiere a un instrumento quirúrgico que comprende una unidad de mango, una porción de cuerpo alargada que se extiende distalmente desde la unidad de mango, y una unidad de carga configurada para el acoplamiento con un extremo distal de la porción de cuerpo alargado. La unidad de carga comprende una porción de cuerpo proximal que define un eje longitudinal, y una unidad de herramienta dispuesta en cooperación mecánica con la porción de cuerpo proximal. La unidad de herramienta incluye una unidad de cartucho y una unidad de yunque. Al menos uno de entre la unidad de cartucho y la unidad de yunque es móvil con respecto a la otra entre una posición abierta y una posición aproximada para el acoplamiento del tejido entre ambas. La unidad de cartucho está configurada para alojar una pluralidad de fijadores en su interior. El diámetro de la unidad de herramienta es menor o igual que alrededor de 8 mm.
En realizaciones descritas, el instrumento quirúrgico además comprende un miembro de agarre dispuesto en cooperación mecánica con la unidad de cartucho y la unidad de yunque. El miembro de agarre incluye una porción vertical que define un eje vertical y es sustancialmente perpendicular al eje longitudinal.
En realizaciones descritas, la unidad de cartucho incluye una pluralidad de elementos de fijación en su interior, y cada uno de la pluralidad de elementos de fijación está configurada para ser expulsada de la unidad de cartucho según un ángulo que no es paralelo ni perpendicular al eje vertical.
En realizaciones descritas, el instrumento quirúrgico incluye un deslizador de accionamiento que puede trasladarse longitudinalmente al menos parcialmente dentro de la unidad de cartucho. El deslizador de accionamiento incluye al menos dos superficies de leva. Una primera superficie de leva se extiende según un primer ángulo con respecto de un plano que se extiende a través del eje longitudinal y el eje vertical (el eje vertical está dentro del plano), y una segunda superficie de leva se extiende según un segundo ángulo con relación al plano. También se describe que el primer ángulo y el segundo ángulo son de entre alrededor de 15° y alrededor de 40°, o alrededor de 20° y alrededor de 35°.
Breve descripción de las figuras
Varias realizaciones de los instrumentos quirúrgicos y unidades de carga descritas se describen en este documento con referencia a los dibujos, en los que:
La Fig. 1 es una vista en perspectiva de un instrumento quirúrgico que incluye una primera unidad de mango de acuerdo con una realización de la presente descripción.
La Fig. 2 es una vista en perspectiva de un instrumento quirúrgico que incluye una segunda unidad de mango de acuerdo con una realización de la presente descripción.
5 Las Figs. 3 y 4 son vistas en perspectiva de una unidad de carga de acuerdo con la presente descripción.
La Fig. 5 es una vista en perspectiva de la unidad de carga de las Figs. 3 y 4 que ilustra el efector de extremo dispuesto en una posición articulada.
La Fig. 6 es una vista radial en sección transversal de una porción del efector de extremo tomada a través de la línea 6-6 de la Fig. 2.
10 La Fig. 7 es una vista en perspectiva de varios componentes internos de la unidad de carga de las Figs. 3 y 4.
La Fig. 8 es una vista en perspectiva de la porción de la unidad de carga indicada en la Fig. 7.
La Fig. 9 es una vista en perspectiva de varios componentes internos de la unidad de carga de las Figs. 3 y 4.
La Fig. 10 es una vista en perspectiva de la porción de la unidad de carga indicada en la Fig. 8.
La Fig. 11 es una vista de montaje de una porción de la unidad de carga.
15 La Fig. 12 ilustra la porción de la unidad de carga indicada en la Fig. 11.
La Fig. 13 ilustra la porción de la unidad de carga indicada en la Fig. 11.
La Fig. 14 es una vista en perspectiva de una porción de la unidad de carga de la presente descripción.
La Fig. 15 ilustra la porción de la unidad de carga indicada en la Fig. 14.
La Fig. 16 es una vista longitudinal de corte de una porción de la unidad de carga indicada a lo largo de la línea 1620 16 de la Fig. 8.
La Fig. 17 es una vista longitudinal en sección transversal de una porción de la unidad de carga.
La Fig. 18 ilustra la porción de la unidad de carga indicada en la Fig. 17.
Descripción detallada
Se describen con detalle algunas realizaciones actualmente descritas del instrumento quirúrgico, unidad de carga 25 para uso por el mismo, y unidad de cartucho para uso con el mismo, haciendo referencia a los dibujos, donde números de referencia similares designan elementos correspondientes en cada una de las múltiples vistas. Como es común en la técnica, el término “proximal” se refiere a aquella parte o componente más cercano al usuario u operador, por ejemplo médico o cirujano, mientras que el término “distal” se refiere a aquella parte o componente más lejano del usuario.
30 Un instrumento quirúrgico de acuerdo con la presente descripción se indica como un número de referencia 100 en las Figs. 1 y 2. Generalmente, el instrumento quirúrgico 100 incluye una unidad 110 de mango, una porción 120 de cuerpo alargada que se extiende distalmente desde la unidad 110 de mango, y una unidad 200 de carga dispuesta adyacente a un extremo distal de la porción 120 de cuerpo alargada. La Fig. 1 ilustra el instrumento quirúrgico 100 que incluye una primera unidad 110 de mango (por ejemplo, una unidad de mango con alimentación eléctrica), y la 35 Fig. 2 ilustra el instrumento quirúrgico 100 que incluye una segunda unidad 110 de mango. También se prevé el uso de otros tipos de mangos tales como, por ejemplo, accionados mediante un motor, hidráulicos, de carraca, etc. Según se emplea en este documento, el término “unidad de mango” abarca todos los tipos de unidades de mango. La unidad 200 de carga es conectable a la porción 120 endoscópica del instrumento 100 de grapado quirúrgico, por ejemplo para permitir que el instrumento 100 quirúrgico tenga una mayor versatilidad. Según se emplea en este 40 documento, el término “unidad de carga” abarca tanto unidades de carga de único uso (“SULU”) como unidades de carga desechables (“DLU”). Adicional o alternativamente, el instrumento 100 quirúrgico puede tener un cartucho que es extraíble y reemplazable en las mordazas reutilizables del instrumento.
Ejemplos de unidades de carga para uso con un instrumento de grapado quirúrgico se describen en la patente estadounidense de titularidad común N° 5,752,644 de Bolanos et al.
45 Más detalles de un instrumento de grapado quirúrgico encoscópico se describen con detalle en la patente estadounidense de titularidad común N° 6,953,139 de Milliman et al.
En un instrumento quirúrgico 100 de acuerdo con la presente descripción, una varilla de disparo se desplaza distalmente a través del accionamiento de la unidad 110 de mango para desplegar los elementos 600 de fijación.
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Haciendo referencia a la realización ilustrada en la Fig. 1, al menos un accionamiento parcial del interruptor 112 traslada la varilla de disparo longitudinalmente. Con referencia a la realización ilustrada en la Fig. 2, el menos un accionamiento parcial de un mango 132 móvil con respecto de un mango 134 estacionario traslada la varilla de disparo longitudinalmente. La traslación de la varilla de disparo provoca la traslación de una barra 140 de cuchilla y la traslación de una barra 150 de deslizamiento (ver las Figs. 17 y 18, por ejemplo; con referencia particular a la Fig. 18, la barra 140 de cuchilla incluye una sección 140a proximal y una sección 140b distal, que están conectadas entre sí). Además, la traslación de la barra 140 de cuchilla provoca la traslación de un miembro 500 de agarre para aproximar al menos un miembro de mordaza con relación al otro, y la traslación de la barra 150 de deslizamiento provoca la traslación de un deslizador 520 de accionamiento para provocar que los elementos 600 de fijación sean expulsados de la cavidades 401 de una unidad 400 de cartucho.
Con referencia a las Figs. 3-5, se muestra la unidad 200 de carga de la presente descripción. La unidad 200 de carga incluye una porción 210 de cuerpo proximal que define un eje longitudinal “A-A” y una unidad de herramienta o efector 220 de extremo que incluye un par de miembros de mordaza (es decir, una unidad 300 de yunque y una unidad 400 de cartucho). La porción 210 de cuerpo proximal está configurada para su fijación de manera separable a la porción 120 endoscópica del instrumento quirúrgico 100. Más particularmente, una punta 202 de inserción de la unidad 200 de carga se inserta linealmente en el extremo distal de la porción 120 endoscópica del instrumento 100 de grapado quirúrgico. Unos resaltes 204 de la punta 202 de inserción se desplazan linealmente a través de unas ranuras formadas junto al extremo distal de la porción 120 endoscópica. Posteriormente, la unidad 200 de carga se hace rotar alrededor del eje longitudinal “A-A” de modo que los resaltes 204 se mueven transversalmente a través de las ranuras dentro de la porción 120 endoscópica. Adicionalmente, durante el acoplamiento de la unidad 200 de carga y la porción 120 endoscópica, la varilla de disparo de la porción 110 de mango se acopla a la barra 140 de cuchilla de la unidad 200 de carga.
Haciendo referencia a la Fig. 6, el miembro 500 de agarre incluye una sección transversal con forma de I, incluyendo una porción 502 superior, que está configurada para acoplarse a la unidad 300 de yunque, una porción 504 inferior, que está configurada para acoplarse a la unidad 400 de cartucho, y una porción 503 vertical, que conecta la porción 502 superior y la porción 504 inferior y que puede incluir un borde 506 de corte en su superficie distal. Más particularmente, el acoplamiento entre la porción 504 inferior del miembro 500 de agarre y la unidad 400 de cartucho ayuda a mantener las posiciones relativas de la unidad 300 de yunque y la unidad 400 de cartucho una con respecto a la otra.
Con relación al deslizador 520 de accionamiento, el desplazamiento distal del deslizador 520 de accionamiento acopla secuencialmente una pluralidad de empujadores 540, y provoca que los empujadores 540 se desplazan en dirección a unas superficies 410 de contacto con el tejido respectivas de la unidad 400 de cartucho y expulsen los elementos 600 de fijación en dirección a una unidad 300 de yunque. Posteriormente a la expulsión de los elementos 600 de fijación, el borde 506 de corte del miembro 500 de agarre puede incluirse en una cara distal del mismo para seccionar el tejido grapado.
Haciendo referencia a las Figs. 6-18, se ilustran más detalles de la unidad 200 de carga. Generalmente, los elementos de la unidad 200 de carga descritos en este documento permiten que la unidad 200 de carga tenga un diámetro relativamente pequeño (por ejemplo, 7 mm - 8 mm) en comparación con instrumentos que tienen diámetros de alrededor de 12 mm. El diámetro de la unidad 200 de carga se mide entre una pared radialmente más exterior de la unidad 300 de yunque y una pared radialmente más exterior de la unidad 400 de cartucho (ver la Fig. 6). Dicho perfil permite que la unidad 200 de carga se inserte en trocares con diámetros similares. Como se puede apreciar, estas unidades 200 de carga de bajo perfil son útiles en cirugías pediátricas y/o otras ubicaciones con tejido delgado, por ejemplo. Adicionalmente, en las realizaciones ilustradas, una porción 212 proximal de la porción 210 de cuerpo proximal de la unidad 200 de carga está dimensionada y configurada para acoplarse a una porción alargada de un instrumento quirúrgico que tiene una porción 120 alargada de mayor diámetro (por ejemplo, alrededor de 12 m), permitiendo así una mayor versatilidad.
Haciendo referencia específica a la Fig. 6, se muestra una sección transversal radial de la unidad 200 de carga desde un extremo distal. Como se muestra, se disponen empujadores 540, elementos 600 de fijación, una superficie 310 de contacto con el tejido de la unidad 300 de yunque, y una superficie 410 de contacto con el tejido de la unidad de cartucho según un ángulo no perpendicular con relación a un plano C-C (Fig. 8). El plano C-C se extiende a lo largo del eje longitudinal A-A y a través de un eje vertical B-B, definido por la porción 503 vertical del miembro 500 de agarre. Además, el eje vertical B-B está dentro del plano C-C. Estos ángulos no perpendiculares, y el relativamente bajo perfil del miembro 500 de agarre (en comparación con los miembros de agarre de instrumentos más grandes (por ejemplo, 12 mm)), por ejemplo, ayudan a permitir que la unidad 200 de carga tenga un diámetro pequeño. Se prevé que la altura total del miembro 500 de agarre esté entre alrededor de 1 mm y alrededor de 2,5 mm, o alrededor de 2 mm.
Haciendo además referencia a la Fig. 6 y haciendo referencia adicional a las Figs. 11-13 y 17-18, se muestran más detalles de la unidad 200 de carga. Haciendo referencia particular a las Figs. 17 y 18, se muestra una sección transversal de la unidad 200 de carga e incluye barra 140 de cuchilla, barra 150 de deslizamiento, unidad 300 de yunque, unidad 400 de cartucho, miembro 500 de agarre y deslizador 520 de accionamiento. Haciendo referencia particular a las Figs. 6 y 12, la unidad 400 de cartucho incluye un cartucho 408 (que incluye dos mitades) y un canal
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409 de cartucho. El cartucho 408 está dispuesto dentro del canal 409 de cartucho.
Durante el uso, el desplazamiento distal de la varilla de disparo, tal como se ha descrito anteriormente, provoca el desplazamiento distal de la barra 140 de cuchilla. Además, el desplazamiento distal de la barra 140 de cuchilla provoca que el saliente 143 (ver la Fig. 17) de la barra 140 de cuchilla contacte con una cara 151 proximal de la barra 150 de deslizamiento, lo que provoca el desplazamiento distal de la barra 150 de deslizamiento. Cuando la barra 150 de deslizamiento se desplaza distalmente, una cara 152 distal de la barra 150 distal contacta con una superficie 402 de leva de la unidad 400 de cartucho, lo que provoca que la unidad 400 de cartucho se desplace en dirección a la unidad 300 de yunque. Adicionalmente, cuando la barra 140 de cuchilla se desplaza distalmente, la porción 502 superior del miembro 500 de agarre avanza distalmente dentro de la ranura 304 dentro de la unidad 300 de yunque, y la porción 504 inferior del miembro 500 de agarre avanza distalmente dentro de la ranura 414 dentro de un canal 409 de cartucho de la unidad 400 de cartucho para ayudar a estabilizar los miembros de mordaza uno con relación al otro y para ayudar a mantener un hueco constante entre los miembros de mordaza. Por tanto, una magnitud de desplazamiento distal predeterminada de la varilla de disparo provoca la aproximación y estabilización de los miembros de mordaza.
El avance continuado de la varilla de disparo y por tanto la barra 140 de cuchilla provoca el avance continuo de la barra 150 de deslizamiento hacia una cara 522 proximal del deslizador 520 de accionamiento, y provoca el movimiento distal del deslizador 520 de accionamiento. Cuando el deslizador 520 de accionamiento avanza distalmente, unas superficies 524 de leva anguladas del mismo (ver las Figs. 6 y 12) contactan la superficie de leva de los empujadores 540, provocando así que los empujadores 540 se acoplen a los elementos 600 de fijación, y posteriormente provocan la expulsión de los elementos 600 de fijación en dirección a las respectivas cavidades 320 de la unidad 300 de yunque (por ejemplo, a través del tejido sujetado entre los miembros de mordaza). Como se muestra (por ejemplo, en la Fig. 6), el deslizador 520 de accionamiento incluye un perfil sustancialmente con forma de V. Como se muestra (por ejemplo, en la Fig. 12), cada empujador 540 incluye dos porciones longitudinalmente separadas de contacto con elemento de fijación o placas 544 de empujador interconectadas por los conectores 542. Adicionalmente, el avance continuo de la varilla de disparo también provoca el avance continuado de la barra 140 de cuchilla y el miembro 200 de agarre de tal modo que la porción 502 superior del miembro 500 de agarre continua desplazándose dentro de la ranura 304 de la unidad 300 de yunque, y la porción 504 inferior del miembro 500 de agarre continúa desplazándose dentro de la ranura 414 del canal 409 de cartucho. Adicionalmente, el borde 506 de corte del miembro 500 de agarre, si está incluido en el miembro 500 de agarre, secciona el tejido dispuesto entre los miembros de mordaza (y después de que el tejido haya sido fijado, como se ha descrito anteriormente). Las levas deslizantes están dispuestas deseablemente para disparar las cuatro filas de grapas aproximadamente en el mismo momento para sellar el tejido en ambos lados de la ranura de cuchilla justo antes de que la cuchilla corte el tejido.
Como se muestra, y como se ha descrito anteriormente, varios elementos de la unidad 200 de carga están dimensionados y orientados para permitir un pequeño diámetro (por ejemplo, 7 mm) de la unidad de carga y los miembros de mordaza. En particular, las superficies 524 de leva del deslizador 520 de accionamiento, empujadores 540, cavidades 401, y elementos 600 de fijación están dispuestos según un primer ángulo no perpendicular (por ejemplo, de entre alrededor de 15° y alrededor de 40°, o entre alrededor de 20° y alrededor de 35°, con relación al eje vertical B-B (que se extiende a través del eje longitudinal A-A). Además, las superficies 310, 410 de contacto con el tejido de la unidad 300 de yunque y la unidad 400 de cartucho, respectivamente, están dispuestas según un segundo ángulo correspondiente no perpendicular de modo que la superficie 310 de contacto con el tejido es sustancialmente paralela a la superficie 410 de contacto con el tejido a lo largo de la mayoría de las longitudes completas de cada una de las respectivas superficies, y de modo que el primer ángulo no perpendicular y el segundo no perpendicular son sustancialmente perpendiculares entre si (es decir, los elementos 600 de fijación se disponen según un ángulo que es sustancialmente perpendicular al ángulo de la superficie 310 de contacto con el tejido del yunque 300, por ejemplo). Adicionalmente, el miembro 500 de agarre está dispuesto dentro del espacio formado por el ángulo entre las superficies 524 de leva del deslizador 520 de accionamiento y los empujadores 540 (ver la Fig. 6).
Haciendo ahora referencia a las Figs. 5, 7, 8, 11, 13, y 16, se muestra el mecanismo de articulación del instrumento 100 quirúrgico. El mecanismo de articulación permite que el efector 220 de extremo de la unidad 200 de carga sea capaz de pivotar con respecto de la porción 210 de cuerpo proximal (ver la Fig. 5). El mecanismo de articulación incluye una palanca 700 de articulación dispuesta adyacente a la porción 120 de cuerpo alargada (ver las Figs. 1 y 2), una conexión de articulación dispuesta en cooperación mecánica con la palanca 700 de articulación, una varilla 710 de articulación acoplable a la conexión de articulación y que se extiende a través de la porción 210 de cuerpo proximal de la unidad 200 de carga y acoplada con un pasador 223 de articulación de una porción 222 proximal del efector 220 de extremo, y una unidad 720 de pivote dispuesta entre la porción 210 de cuerpo proximal y el efector 220 de extremo de la unidad 200 de carga. Haciendo referencia particular a la Fig. 13, la unidad 720 de pivote incluye una conexión 722, que acopla de manera pivotante un estabilizador 724 de la porción 210 de cuerpo proximal y un pasador 224 de conexión (Fig. 16) de la porción 222 proximal del efector 220 de extremo. Adicionalmente, un par de clips 730 se extienden entre la porción 210 de cuerpo proximal y el efector 220 de extremo. Como se muestra en la Fig. 8, la barra 140 de cuchilla se extiende entre los clips 730. En ciertas realizaciones, los clips funcionan como placas de escape, teniendo las placas extremos que están fijos en el dispositivo.
Durante el uso, la rotación de la palanca 700 de articulación en una primera dirección (por ejemplo, en sentido contrario a las agujas del reloj) provoca el movimiento distal del enlace de articulación y la varilla 710 de articulación, provocando así que el efector 220 de extremo pivote en una primera dirección (por ejemplo, flecha “C” en la Fig. 5) con respecto de la porción 210 de cuerpo proximal; la rotación de la palanca 700 de articulación en una segunda 5 dirección (por ejemplo, en el sentido de las agujas del reloj) provoca el movimiento proximal del enlace de articulación y la varilla 710 de articulación, provocando así que el efector 200 de extremo pivote en una segunda dirección (por ejemplo, flecha opuesta “C”) con respecto de la porción 210 de cuerpo proximal.
La presente descripción también incluye un método de uso del instrumento quirúrgico 100, unidad 200 de carga y/o unidad 400 de cartucho, según se describe en este documento.
10 Aunque la presente descripción contiene muchos detalles específicos, estos detalles específicos no deben interpretarse como limitantes del alcance de la presente invención, sino simplemente como ilustraciones de varias realizaciones de la misma. Por tanto, la descripción anterior no debería interpretarse como limitante, sino simplemente como ejemplar de varias realizaciones. Aquellos expertos en la materia podrán idear otras modificaciones dentro del alcance de las reivindicaciones adjuntas a este documento.
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Claims (12)

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    REIVINDICACIONES
    1. Una unidad (200) de carga configurada para el acoplamiento con un instrumento quirúrgico, comprendiendo la unidad de carga:
    una porción (212) de cuerpo proximal que define un eje longitudinal “A-A”; y
    una unidad (220) de herramienta dispuesta en cooperación mecánica con la porción de cuerpo proximal, incluyendo la unidad de herramienta una unidad (400) de cartucho y una unidad (300) de yunque, siendo al menos una de entre la unidad de cartucho y la unidad de yunque móvil sustancialmente a lo largo de un eje vertical “B-B” con respecto a la otra entre una posición abierta y una posición aproximada para agarrar el tejido entre ambas, teniendo la unidad de cartucho unas cavidades (401) que alojan una pluralidad de elementos (600) de fijación en su interior e incluyendo un deslizador (520) de accionamiento con superficies (524) de leva para contactar una pluralidad de empujadores (540) para la expulsión de los elementos de fijación, y donde un diámetro de la unidad de herramienta está definido y medido de acuerdo con una pared radialmente más exterior de la unidad de yunque y una pared radialmente más exterior de la unidad de cartucho en la posición aproximada y es menor o igual a alrededor de 8 mm; y
    un miembro (500) de agarre dispuesto en cooperación mecánica con la unidad de cartucho y la unidad de yunque, caracterizada por que
    las superficies (524) de leva del deslizador (520) de accionamiento, los empujadores (540), cavidades (401) y los elementos (600) de fijación están dispuestos según un ángulo no perpendicular de entre 15° y 40° con respecto de un plano “C-C” que se extiende a través del eje longitudinal “A-A” y a través de dicho eje vertical “B-B”.
  2. 2. La unidad de carga de la reivindicación 1, donde el diámetro de la unidad de herramienta es igual a alrededor de 7 mm.
  3. 3. La unidad de carga de la reivindicación 1 o reivindicación 2, donde un diámetro de una porción de la porción de cuerpo proximal es sustancialmente igual al diámetro de la unidad de herramienta.
  4. 4. La unidad de carga de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde el deslizador (520) de accionamiento es longitudinalmente desplazable al menos parcialmente dentro de la unidad de cartucho, incluyendo el deslizador de accionamiento al menos dos superficies de leva, donde una primera superficie de leva se extiende según un primer ángulo con relación a un plano que se extiende a través del eje longitudinal y el eje vertical, donde el eje vertical está dentro del plano, y donde una segunda superficie de leva se extiende según un segundo ángulo con respecto del plano.
  5. 5. La unidad de carga de la reivindicación 4, donde el deslizador de accionamiento incluye un perfil similar a una V.
  6. 6. La unidad de carga de la reivindicación 4 o 5, donde al menos una mayoría de una primera superficie de contacto con el tejido de la unidad de cartucho está dispuesta según un ángulo sustancialmente perpendicular con relación al primer ángulo, y donde al menos una mayoría de una segunda superficie de contacto con el tejido de la unidad de cartucho está dispuesta según un ángulo sustancialmente perpendicular con respecto del segundo ángulo.
  7. 7. La unidad de carga de cualquier reivindicación anterior, donde cada uno de la pluralidad de elementos (600) de fijación está configurado para ser expulsado de la unidad (400) de cartucho según un ángulo que no es paralelo ni perpendicular al eje vertical “B-B”.
  8. 8. La unidad de carga de cualquier reivindicación precedente, donde el miembro (500) de agarre incluye una porción (502) superior para acoplarse a la unidad de yunque y una porción (504) inferior para acoplarse a la unidad de cartucho, y donde una altura total definida entre una superficie más superior de la porción superior y una superficie más inferior de la porción inferior está entre alrededor de 1 mm y alrededor de 2,5 mm.
  9. 9. La unidad de carga de cualquier reivindicación precedente, donde el deslizador (520) de accionamiento es longitudinalmente desplazable al menos parcialmente dentro de la unidad de cartucho, donde el miembro (500) de agarre incluye una porción superior para acoplarse a la unidad de yunque y una porción inferior para acoplarse a la unidad de cartucho, y donde una superficie más inferior de la porción inferior es más cercana a la porción superior del miembro de agarre que una superficie más superior del deslizador de accionamiento.
  10. 10. Un instrumento quirúrgico, que comprende: una unidad de mango; y
    una unidad de carga de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1.
  11. 11. El instrumento quirúrgico de la reivindicación 10, donde cada uno de la pluralidad de elementos (600) de
    fijación está configurado para ser expulsado de la unidad de cartucho según un ángulo que no es paralelo ni perpendicular al eje vertical “B-B”.
  12. 12. El instrumento quirúrgico de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 10 u 11, donde el deslizador (520) de accionamiento es longitudinalmente desplazable al menos parcialmente dentro de la unidad de cartucho, incluyendo 5 el deslizador de accionamiento al menos dos superficies de leva, donde una primera superficie de leva se extiende según un primer ángulo con respecto de un plano que se extiende a través del eje longitudinal y el eje vertical, donde el eje vertical está dentro del plano, y donde una segunda superficie de leva se extiende según un segundo ángulo con relación al plano.
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US20140284372A1 (en) 2014-09-25
CN104068903A (zh) 2014-10-01
US9510827B2 (en) 2016-12-06
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US20170049445A1 (en) 2017-02-23
AU2014201611B2 (en) 2018-08-02
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US10772626B2 (en) 2020-09-15
AU2014201611A1 (en) 2014-10-09
JP2014184142A (ja) 2014-10-02
JP2018110876A (ja) 2018-07-19
EP2783639A2 (en) 2014-10-01
EP2783639B1 (en) 2018-01-31
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CA2846927C (en) 2021-07-27
CA2846927A1 (en) 2014-09-25

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