ES2626009T3 - Método para producir espumas rígidas de poliuretano - Google Patents

Método para producir espumas rígidas de poliuretano Download PDF

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ES2626009T3
ES2626009T3 ES12712682.9T ES12712682T ES2626009T3 ES 2626009 T3 ES2626009 T3 ES 2626009T3 ES 12712682 T ES12712682 T ES 12712682T ES 2626009 T3 ES2626009 T3 ES 2626009T3
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polyether alcohols
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Zeljko Tomovic
Olaf Jacobmeier
Gunnar Kampf
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BASF SE
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Abstract

Método para producir espumas rígidas de poliuretano, a través de la reacción de a) poliisocianatos orgánicos con b) compuestos con al menos dos átomos de hidrógeno reactivos a los grupos isocianato en presencia de c) agentes sopladores, d) catalizadores, así como eventualmente e) adyuvantes y aditivos, caracterizado porque como componente b) se utiliza una mezcla compuesta por b1) de 20 a 60 partes en peso de uno o de varios alcoholes de poliéter de alta funcionalidad con funcionalidades de 3,5 a 5,5 y un índice hidroxilo de 400 a 550 mg KOH/g y con compuestos de alta funcionalidad que contienen grupos hidroxilo como sustancias de partida, b2) de 5 a 15 partes en peso de uno o de varios alcoholes de poliéter a base de aminas alifáticas con funcionalidades de 4 y un índice hidroxilo de 470 a 800 mg KOH/g, b3) de 10 a 30 partes en peso de uno o de varios alcoholes de poliéter con funcionalidades de 2 a 3 y un índice hidroxilo de 220 a 430 mg KOH/g, y b4) eventualmente de 1 a 5 partes en peso de agua donde las partes en peso b1) a b4) del componente poliol b) no superan 100 partes en peso.

Description

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La frecuencia de los defectos de la superficie se determinó cuantitativamente a través de un método óptico. Para ello, a una distancia de un milímetro con respecto a la capa de cubierta inferior, es decir la capa de cubierta sobre la cual fue aplicada la solución de reacción de poliuretano en el procedimiento de cinta doble, un plano fue colocado en una muestra de espuma y se separó el material sobresaliente.
5 Durante la valoración cuantitativa de la superficie, la superficie de la espuma fue iluminada desde la derecha y después desde la izquierda, y respectivamente fue fotografiada. Las imágenes se superpusieron y se analizaron con un software de análisis de la imagen. Los vacíos en la superficie aparecen como superficies negras. El porcentaje de las superficies negras en la superficie total es una medida para la frecuencia de los defectos en la superficie de la espuma.
10 Además se efectuó una valoración cualitativa adicional del acabado de la superficie de la espuma, donde la capa de cubierta fue separada de una muestra de espuma con un tamaño de 1m32m y la superficie fue evaluada visualmente.
Los resultados se representan en la tabla 1.
Tabla 1
Ejemplo comparativo 1
Ejemplo comparativo 2 Ejemplo 1 Ejemplo comparativo 3
Estabilidad del componente poliol a 20ºC
inestable estable estable estable
Estabilidad del componente poliol a 5ºC
inestable estable estable estable
Suma del endurecimiento después de 3, 4, 5 y 6 minutos [N]
344 352 340
Resistencia a la tracción [N/mm2]
0,22 0,32 0,29
Superficie (cualitativo)
mala muy buena muy buena
Superficie (cuantitativo) [%]
9,1 0,7 1,2
15
Los resultados en la tabla 1 muestran que la estabilidad del componente poliol a 20ºC y a 5ºC es buena y que las propiedades superficiales, el endurecimiento y la adherencia de los materiales esponjosos producidos a través del método de acuerdo con la invención son muy buenos.
La estabilidad de almacenamiento de los componentes poliol utilizados según el método de acuerdo con la invención
20 es muy buena; los componentes poliol correspondientes al ejemplo 1, respectivamente con 5 partes en peso de agua, inclusive son estables durante meses tanto a 20 °C como a 5°C.
Las espumas de PU obtenidas según el ejemplo comparativo 2 presentan una resistencia a la tracción marcadamente más reducida y un peor acabado de la superficie.
11

Claims (1)

  1. imagen1
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US8895636B2 (en) 2012-01-02 2014-11-25 Basf Se Producing rigid polyurethane foams and rigid polyisocyanurate foams
US9475220B2 (en) 2013-02-13 2016-10-25 Basf Se Process for producing composite elements
WO2017144492A1 (de) * 2016-02-22 2017-08-31 Basf Se Verfahren zur herstellung eines diblockcopolymers
CN109776748A (zh) * 2019-01-22 2019-05-21 天津爱德加科技有限公司 一种耐高温全水硬质聚氨酯泡沫组合聚醚、硬质聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法
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