ES2091374T3 - Agente de recubrimiento y su empleo para la formacion de recubrimientos permeables al vapor de agua. - Google Patents

Agente de recubrimiento y su empleo para la formacion de recubrimientos permeables al vapor de agua.

Info

Publication number
ES2091374T3
ES2091374T3 ES92112354T ES92112354T ES2091374T3 ES 2091374 T3 ES2091374 T3 ES 2091374T3 ES 92112354 T ES92112354 T ES 92112354T ES 92112354 T ES92112354 T ES 92112354T ES 2091374 T3 ES2091374 T3 ES 2091374T3
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
formation
coating agent
water steam
steam permeable
permeable coatings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
ES92112354T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Josef Dr Pedain
Detlef-Ingo Dr Schutze
Wilhelm Dr Thoma
Klaus Dr Nachtkamp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayer AG
Original Assignee
Bayer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer AG filed Critical Bayer AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2091374T3 publication Critical patent/ES2091374T3/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
    • C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/4244—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
    • C08G18/4247—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G18/4252—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyols containing polyether groups and polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/44—Polycarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
    • C08G18/4837—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units and other oxyalkylene units
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
    • D06M15/568—Reaction products of isocyanates with polyethers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/10—Processes in which the treating agent is dissolved or dispersed in organic solvents; Processes for the recovery of organic solvents thereof

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Interface Circuits In Exchanges (AREA)
  • Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)

Abstract

SISTEMAS DE RECUBRIMIENTO QUE A. CONTIENEN POLIURETANO CON GRUPOS IONICOS CON UNIDADES DE OXIDO DE POLIETILENO, DEFINIDAS SEGUN CANTIDAD Y LONGITUD SECUENCIAL, O UN PREPOLIMERIZADO NCO BLOQUEADO QUE CONTIENE UN PRODUCTO PREVIO Y QUE CONTIENE RETICULADORES Y, DADO EL CASO, B. DISOLVENTES ORGANICOS, SON APROPIADOS PARA LA EJECUCION DE RECUBRIMIENTOS PERMEABLES AL VAPOR DE AGUA CON REDUCIDA TENDENCIA AL HINCHAMIENTO.
ES92112354T 1991-08-01 1992-07-20 Agente de recubrimiento y su empleo para la formacion de recubrimientos permeables al vapor de agua. Expired - Lifetime ES2091374T3 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4125454A DE4125454A1 (de) 1991-08-01 1991-08-01 Beschichtungsmittel und ihre verwendung zur erzeugung wasserdampfdurchlaessiger beschichtungen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES2091374T3 true ES2091374T3 (es) 1996-11-01

Family

ID=6437459

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES92112354T Expired - Lifetime ES2091374T3 (es) 1991-08-01 1992-07-20 Agente de recubrimiento y su empleo para la formacion de recubrimientos permeables al vapor de agua.

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5629402A (es)
EP (1) EP0525567B1 (es)
JP (1) JP3456657B2 (es)
AT (1) ATE142235T1 (es)
CA (1) CA2074928C (es)
DE (2) DE4125454A1 (es)
ES (1) ES2091374T3 (es)
FI (1) FI108045B (es)
NO (1) NO308615B1 (es)

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5389430A (en) * 1993-02-05 1995-02-14 Th. Goldschmidt Ag Textiles coated with waterproof, moisture vapor permeable polymers
US5756213A (en) * 1995-10-06 1998-05-26 Basf Corporation Curable coating composition having carbonate-containing component
DE19724236B4 (de) * 1997-06-09 2007-02-08 Schill + Seilacher Ag Verfahren zur Polarisierung hydrophober Oberflächen
DE29806416U1 (de) * 1998-04-08 1998-07-30 Schaefer Philipp Ziegenleder mit einer genarbten Beschichtung
SE514064C2 (sv) * 1999-02-02 2000-12-18 Artimplant Dev Artdev Ab Film för medicinsk användning bestående av linjära blockpolymerer av polyuretaner samt förfarande för framställning av en sådan film
DE10015555A1 (de) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-18 Eybl Internat Ag Krems Leder und dessen Zurichtung
KR100424138B1 (ko) * 2001-01-11 2004-03-24 대한민국 온도 감응 투습 방수 재료
US6734273B2 (en) * 2001-02-12 2004-05-11 Noveon Ip Holdings Corp. High molecular weight thermoplastic polyurethanes made from polyols having high secondary hydroxyl content
AT412648B (de) * 2003-06-27 2005-05-25 Surface Specialties Austria Wasserverdünnbare polyurethandispersionen
CA2482397A1 (en) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-01 Tse Industries, Inc. Composite articles having an aesthetic visual surface for use in aqueous environments, and compositions suitable for the preparation thereof
US20060258831A1 (en) * 2005-05-10 2006-11-16 Nigel Barksby High molecular weight thermoplastic polyurethanes made from polyols having high secondary hydroxyl content
US20080075685A1 (en) 2006-09-22 2008-03-27 Steven Michael Baxter Polymer compositions containing polyurethanes
DE102009052044B3 (de) 2009-11-05 2011-05-12 Equrex Films Gmbh & Col. Kg Einseitig mattierte Folien und deren Verwendung
EP2756020B1 (en) * 2011-09-13 2020-08-19 Covestro Deutschland AG Aqueous polyurethane dispersion for waterproof breathable coatings
MX2017001518A (es) 2014-08-01 2017-05-08 Basf Se Procedimiento para la preparacion y el uso de dispersiones hibridas acuosas de poliuretano-poliacrilato, asi como su uso en agentes de revestimiento.
WO2017146134A1 (ja) * 2016-02-25 2017-08-31 Dic株式会社 ウレタン樹脂組成物、及びそれを用いたウレタン樹脂成形物
CN109134804B (zh) 2016-12-19 2021-10-22 科思创德国股份有限公司 聚氨酯水性分散体
EP3807335A1 (en) 2018-06-15 2021-04-21 Covestro Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG Coating composition
EP3599254A1 (en) 2018-07-23 2020-01-29 Covestro Deutschland AG Coating composition
CN115491442B (zh) * 2022-10-26 2024-04-26 陕西科技大学 一种快速吸湿排汗型单向导湿皮革及其制备方法

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DE1220384B (de) * 1962-03-03 1966-07-07 Bayer Ag Verwendung von mit Schwefel vernetzten Polyurethanen als Lederaustauschstoff
BE630578A (es) * 1963-04-05
US3634544A (en) * 1968-05-01 1972-01-11 Ajinomoto Kk Process for preparing films of poly-gamma-methyl glutamate modified with polyurethane resin
DE1949060A1 (de) * 1968-09-30 1970-05-06 Ajinomoto Kk Verfahren zur Herstellung von Blockcopolymeren
JPS54961B1 (es) * 1969-04-24 1979-01-18
FR2334698A1 (fr) * 1975-12-09 1977-07-08 Rhone Poulenc Ind Polyurethannes hydrophiles utilisables dans les compositions detergentes
DE2651506C2 (de) * 1976-11-11 1986-04-30 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Verfahren zur Herstellung von in Wasser dispergierbaren Polyurethanen
US4201824A (en) * 1976-12-07 1980-05-06 Rhone-Poulenc Industries Hydrophilic polyurethanes and their application as soil-release, anti-soil redeposition, and anti-static agents for textile substrates
DE2816815A1 (de) * 1978-04-18 1979-10-31 Bayer Ag In wasser dispergierbare oder loesliche polyurethane, sowie ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
GB2087909B (en) * 1980-11-22 1984-11-07 Shirley Inst Breathable non-porous polyurethane film
DE3134161A1 (de) * 1981-08-28 1983-08-11 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Ueberzugsmittel aus polyurethan-dispersionen und ihre verwendung fuer deckstriche und finishs
JPS5857420A (ja) * 1981-09-30 1983-04-05 Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd ポリアミノ酸ウレタン樹脂の製造法
JPS5936781A (ja) * 1982-08-23 1984-02-29 セイコ−化成株式会社 擬革
DE3315596A1 (de) * 1983-04-29 1984-10-31 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verwendung von polyurethanpraepolymeren als flockungsmittel
US4501852A (en) * 1983-06-20 1985-02-26 Mobay Chemical Corporation Stable, aqueous dispersions of polyurethane-ureas
DE3344693A1 (de) * 1983-12-10 1985-06-20 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Waessrige loesungen oder dispersionen von polyisocyanat-polyadditionsprodukten, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung, sowie ihre verwendung als bzw. zur herstellung von klebemittel
JPS60173174A (ja) * 1984-02-17 1985-09-06 第一工業製薬株式会社 繊維ベルト類の耐摩耗強度改善方法
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DE3641494A1 (de) * 1986-12-04 1988-06-09 Bayer Ag In wasser loesliche oder dispergierbare poylurethane, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung zur beschichtung beliebiger substrate
DE3728140A1 (de) * 1987-08-22 1989-03-02 Bayer Ag Waessrige loesungen oder dispersionen von polyisocyanat-polyadditionsprodukten, ein verfahren zur herstellung der waessrigen loesungen oder dispersionen sowie ihre verwendung als klebstoff
DE3735587A1 (de) * 1987-10-21 1989-05-11 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von waessrigen polyurethan-polyharnstoffdispersionen
DE3736652A1 (de) * 1987-10-29 1989-05-11 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von beschichtungen
US4895894A (en) * 1988-05-31 1990-01-23 The Dow Chemical Company Modulus modification of water borne polyurethane-ureas
US4942214A (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-07-17 W. L. Gore & Assoc. Inc. Flexible breathable polyurethane coatings and films, and the prepolymers from which they are made
DE3939964A1 (de) * 1989-12-02 1991-06-06 Bayer Ag Hitzehaertbare beschichtungszusammensetzungen
US5204403A (en) * 1991-07-15 1993-04-20 Unitika Ltd. Moisture permeable and waterproof coated fabric and method for manufacturing same
US5508370A (en) * 1991-10-17 1996-04-16 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Water-dispersible blocked isocyanates, method of manufacture, and use thereof
US5239037A (en) * 1992-07-16 1993-08-24 Surface Coatings, Inc. Waterproof breathable polyurethane membranes and porous substrates protected therewith
US5208313A (en) * 1992-07-16 1993-05-04 Surface Coatings, Inc. Waterproof breathable polyurethane membranes and porous substrates protected therewith
US5238732A (en) * 1992-07-16 1993-08-24 Surface Coatings, Inc. Waterproof breathable polyurethane membranes and porous substrates protected therewith

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2074928C (en) 2003-05-13
EP0525567A3 (en) 1993-03-03
FI923451A0 (fi) 1992-07-30
FI923451A (fi) 1993-02-02
EP0525567A2 (de) 1993-02-03
ATE142235T1 (de) 1996-09-15
CA2074928A1 (en) 1993-02-02
DE4125454A1 (de) 1993-02-04
NO922824D0 (no) 1992-07-16
JP3456657B2 (ja) 2003-10-14
NO308615B1 (no) 2000-10-02
EP0525567B1 (de) 1996-09-04
JPH05194909A (ja) 1993-08-03
US5629402A (en) 1997-05-13
DE59207037D1 (de) 1996-10-10
FI108045B (fi) 2001-11-15
NO922824L (no) 1993-02-02

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