ES2076356T3 - Metodo y aparato de interdiccion de canales de television por cable para su instalacion exterior a los locales de los abonados. - Google Patents
Metodo y aparato de interdiccion de canales de television por cable para su instalacion exterior a los locales de los abonados.Info
- Publication number
- ES2076356T3 ES2076356T3 ES90900676T ES90900676T ES2076356T3 ES 2076356 T3 ES2076356 T3 ES 2076356T3 ES 90900676 T ES90900676 T ES 90900676T ES 90900676 T ES90900676 T ES 90900676T ES 2076356 T3 ES2076356 T3 ES 2076356T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- variable frequency
- frequency
- oscillators
- calibration routine
- interdiction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
- H04K3/00—Jamming of communication; Counter-measures
- H04K3/80—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by its function
- H04K3/82—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by its function related to preventing surveillance, interception or detection
- H04K3/825—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by its function related to preventing surveillance, interception or detection by jamming
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
- H04N5/91—Television signal processing therefor
- H04N5/913—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
- H04K3/00—Jamming of communication; Counter-measures
- H04K3/40—Jamming having variable characteristics
- H04K3/42—Jamming having variable characteristics characterized by the control of the jamming frequency or wavelength
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
- H04K3/00—Jamming of communication; Counter-measures
- H04K3/40—Jamming having variable characteristics
- H04K3/43—Jamming having variable characteristics characterized by the control of the jamming power, signal-to-noise ratio or geographic coverage area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/166—Passage/non-passage of the television signal, e.g. jamming, band suppression
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/167—Systems rendering the television signal unintelligible and subsequently intelligible
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
- H04K2203/00—Jamming of communication; Countermeasures
- H04K2203/10—Jamming or countermeasure used for a particular application
- H04K2203/14—Jamming or countermeasure used for a particular application for the transfer of light or images, e.g. for video-surveillance, for television or from a computer screen
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
- Superheterodyne Receivers (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
- Communication Cables (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
- Noise Elimination (AREA)
Abstract
SE PRESENTA UN APARATO DE INTERDICCION DE TELEVISION POR CABLE SIN PREMISAS QUE CONTIENE UN MICROPROCESADOR DE CONTROL PARA CONTROLAR Y CONMUTAR UNO O MAS OSCILADORES CONTROLADOS DE VOLTAJE DE FRECUENCIA VARIABLE. LOS OSCILADORES DE FRECUENCIA VARIABLE INTERFIEREN SELECTIVAMENTE SOLO LOS PROGRAMAS NO AUTORIZADOS TRANSMITIDOS SOBRE CANALES PARTICULARES DE UNA SEÑAL DE BANDA DE EMISION EMITIDA EN ABIERTO PARA UN SUBSCRIPTOR. EL MICROPROCESADOR DE CONTROL CONTROLA LOS OSCILADORES DE FRECUENCIA VARIABLE PARA QUE ESTOS SALTEN LAS FRECUENCIAS DE INTERFERENCIA E INTERFIERAN CANALES PARTICULARES BAJO CONTROL. UNA RUTINA DE CALIBRACION DE FRECUENCIA SE EJECUTA PERIODICAMENTE DESDE EL MOMENTO EN QUE EL APARATO SE ENCIENDE PARA DETERMINAR LOS PARAMETROS DE GANANCIA DE LOS OSCILADORES. UN OSCILADOR DE FRECUENCIA VARIABLE HETERODINA PUEDE ESTAR COMPRENDIDO EN EL SISTEMA DE INTERDICCION QUE MUEVE LA FRECUENCIA DEL OSCILADOR DE FRECUENCIA VARIABLE FUERA DE LA BANDA DE TELEVISION Y MEZCLA LA SALIDA DEL OSCILADOR DE FRECUENCIA VARIABLE CON UNA SALIDA DE UN OSCILADOR LOCAL FIJO PARA SUMINISTRAR UNA SEÑAL DE INTERFERENCIA QUE CAE DENTRO DE LA BANDA DE TELEVISION. ALTERNATIVAMENTE PUEDE USARSE UN CONTROL DE GANANCIA QUE MANEJA UN OSCILADOR HETERODINO PARA SU USO EN EL SISTEMA DE INTERDICCION, DICHO CONTROL USA UN CANAL DE SEÑAL DE LA BANDA DE EMISION COMO SEÑAL DE INTERFERENCIA. ALTERNATIVAMENTE, TAMBIEN PUEDE USARSE UN CONTROL DE GANANCIA AUTOMATICO PARA CONTROLAR LA ATENUACION DE UN ATENUADOR VARIABLE DE ACUERDO CON UNA FUNCION DE GANANCIA DETERMINADA MEDIANTE INTERPOLACION Y PREVIAMENTE ALMACENADA EN LA MEMORIA POR UNA RUTINA DE CALIBRACION QUE SE EJECUTA PERIODICAMENTE DESDE EL MOMENTO QUE EL APARATO SE ENCIENDE. LA RUTINA DE CALIBRACION PUEDE CORRER CONCURRENTEMENTE CON UNA RUTINA DE CALIBRACION DE FRECUENCIA PARA CONTROLAR LA FRECUENCIA DE LA SEÑAL DE INTERFERENCIA.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/279,619 US5014309A (en) | 1988-03-10 | 1988-12-05 | Off-premises cable television channel interdiction method and apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES2076356T3 true ES2076356T3 (es) | 1995-11-01 |
Family
ID=23069738
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES90900676T Expired - Lifetime ES2076356T3 (es) | 1988-12-05 | 1989-12-04 | Metodo y aparato de interdiccion de canales de television por cable para su instalacion exterior a los locales de los abonados. |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5014309A (es) |
EP (1) | EP0446280B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP3162371B2 (es) |
KR (1) | KR0139106B1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN1028468C (es) |
AT (1) | ATE124591T1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU4808890A (es) |
CA (1) | CA2003698C (es) |
DE (1) | DE68923294T2 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2076356T3 (es) |
MX (1) | MX165533B (es) |
WO (1) | WO1990006656A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (48)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5345504A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1994-09-06 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Differential compensation control for off-premises CATV system |
US5287539A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1994-02-15 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Interdiction program denial system for jamming audio and video signals |
US5289541A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1994-02-22 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Interdiction method and apparatus with constant blanking and variable dwell times |
US5463689A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1995-10-31 | Scientific-Atlanta | Interdiction method and apparatus with random mode jamming |
US5231660A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1993-07-27 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Compensation control for off-premises CATV system |
US5144267A (en) * | 1989-12-06 | 1992-09-01 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Variable slope network for off-premises CATV system |
EP0559802B1 (en) * | 1990-11-27 | 1999-06-30 | Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. | Catv pay per view interdiction system method and apparatus |
US5255318A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1993-10-19 | North American Philips Corporation | Expandable cable television subscriber control system |
US5140633A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1992-08-18 | North American Philips Corporation | Cable subscriber control device using shared jamming modules |
US5243651A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1993-09-07 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Diagnostic method and apparatus for a cable television interdiction system |
US5278908A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1994-01-11 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Interdiction method and apparatus with programmable jamming effectiveness |
US5243647A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1993-09-07 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Method and apparatus for broadband signal distribution |
WO1993026127A1 (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1993-12-23 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Interdiction method and apparatus with direct memory control of variable frequency elements |
US5604528A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1997-02-18 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing periodic subscription television services |
US5265160A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1993-11-23 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Interdiction method and apparatus with pulsed mode jamming |
US5495408A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1996-02-27 | Rockwell International Corporation | Method and apparatus for signal tracking using feedback control loop |
WO1993026126A1 (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1993-12-23 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Interdiction method and apparatus with frequency change inhibit function |
US5317635A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1994-05-31 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Interdiction method and apparatus with mode control for variable frequency elements |
US5311325A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1994-05-10 | Scientific Atlanta, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing periodic subscription television services |
US5396642A (en) * | 1992-08-14 | 1995-03-07 | Electroline Equipment Inc. | Variable frequency CATV jamming method and apparatus |
US5682426A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1997-10-28 | California Amplifier | Subscriber site method and apparatus for decoding and selective interdiction of television channels |
US5668946A (en) * | 1993-09-01 | 1997-09-16 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | System for cable communication wherein interpretively coded data transmitted from headend selectively initiate loop free instruction sets stored in receiver-decoder to affect the behavior thereof |
ES2099666B1 (es) * | 1994-04-28 | 1998-02-01 | Morilla Rodrigo C Martinez | Limitador de recepcion de programas de television. |
US5640452A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1997-06-17 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Location-sensitive decryption of an encrypted message |
US5790180A (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 1998-08-04 | At&T Corp. | Video telephone call handling system and method |
US6188870B1 (en) | 1996-10-07 | 2001-02-13 | General Instrument Corporation | Passive interdiction system for scrambling |
US6014547A (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 2000-01-11 | General Instrument Corporation | System for enhancing the performance of a CATV settop terminal |
US6144265A (en) * | 1997-11-26 | 2000-11-07 | Honeywell Inc. | Calibrated high power radio frequency step attenuator |
DE29820900U1 (de) | 1998-11-16 | 1999-04-15 | Klein, Patrick, 85716 Unterschleißheim | Elektronischer Bereichsbegrenzer oder Bereichsstörer für Hochfrequenzübertragungen in breitbandigen Übertragungsnetzen |
DE19956680C2 (de) * | 1999-11-25 | 2001-10-25 | Grundig Ag | Steuerbare Antennendose zum selektiven Empfang von über ein Antennenkabel übertragenen Rundfunksignalen |
US7222358B2 (en) | 1999-12-13 | 2007-05-22 | Finisar Corporation | Cable television return link system with high data-rate side-band communication channels |
US7257328B2 (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2007-08-14 | Finisar Corporation | System and method for transmitting data on return path of a cable television system |
DE10044193B4 (de) * | 2000-09-07 | 2005-06-09 | Ewt Elektro- U. Nachrichtentechnik Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zugangskontrolle zu Programmangeboten oder Datendiensten in Antennenverteiler- oder Kabelanlagen |
US7971225B2 (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2011-06-28 | Finisar Corporation | Bandpass component decimation and transmission of data in cable television digital return path |
US8156535B2 (en) * | 2002-02-12 | 2012-04-10 | Finsar Corporation | Data rate compression device for cable television return path using bandpass puncturing |
US7725036B2 (en) | 2002-02-12 | 2010-05-25 | Finisar Corporation | Efficient transmission of digital return path data in cable television return path |
US7751718B2 (en) * | 2002-02-12 | 2010-07-06 | Finisar Corporation | Efficient transmission of digital return path data in cable television return path |
US7359447B2 (en) * | 2002-02-19 | 2008-04-15 | Finisar Corporation | Asynchronous digital signal combiner and method of combining asynchronous digital signals in cable television return path |
US7689128B2 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2010-03-30 | Finisar Corporation | Return path transmitter with extended digital processing circuitry |
US7519297B2 (en) | 2002-11-08 | 2009-04-14 | Finisar Corporation | Cable television system with separate radio frequency hub and ethernet hub |
CN2612188Y (zh) * | 2003-04-29 | 2004-04-14 | 施志纣 | 具有频道分级选择功能的可寻址分支器 |
US7519078B2 (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2009-04-14 | Finisar Corporation | Automated ethernet configuration of CATV network |
US8032916B2 (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2011-10-04 | Finisar Corporation | Single master clock control of Ethernet data transfer over both a cable TV return path and an Ethernet forward path |
US7765576B2 (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2010-07-27 | Finsiar Corporation | Changing communication mode in a CATV pathway using mute commands |
US8990881B2 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2015-03-24 | Ppc Broadband, Inc. | Upstream bandwidth conditioning device |
CN104620524B (zh) * | 2012-09-11 | 2018-02-16 | 英派尔科技开发有限公司 | 安全通信 |
EP3697004A3 (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-12-02 | Tata Consultancy Services Limited | System, method and machine-readable storage medium for disrupting unauthorized communications in low frequency radio communication devices |
IT202100013946A1 (it) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-11-27 | Emme Esse S P A | Derivatore per impianti televisivi |
Family Cites Families (47)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3202758A (en) * | 1961-11-09 | 1965-08-24 | Paramount Pictures Corp | Subscription-television programscrambling system |
US3899633A (en) * | 1972-05-12 | 1975-08-12 | Columbia Pictures Ind Inc | Subscription television system |
US3760097A (en) * | 1972-06-26 | 1973-09-18 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Adjacent catv channel jamming |
US3882266A (en) * | 1973-01-11 | 1975-05-06 | Oak Industries Inc | Apparatus for converting selected channels |
US4085422A (en) * | 1973-10-31 | 1978-04-18 | Hokuryo Denko Co., Ltd. | Fee-charging apparatus for television sets |
US3896262A (en) * | 1974-03-21 | 1975-07-22 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Subscription television jamming system |
US4039954A (en) * | 1975-05-27 | 1977-08-02 | Oak Holland B.V. | Signal distribution device for a cable television |
USRE29997E (en) * | 1974-12-24 | 1979-05-15 | Oak Holland, B.V. | Signal distribution device for a cable television |
GB1554411A (en) * | 1975-08-09 | 1979-10-17 | Communications Patents Ltd | Control systems |
US3989887A (en) * | 1975-08-28 | 1976-11-02 | Gte Laboratories Incorporated | Swept frequency trap jammer for secure television system |
US4074311A (en) * | 1976-06-18 | 1978-02-14 | Tanner Electronic Systems | Television security system |
US4097894A (en) * | 1976-11-01 | 1978-06-27 | Tanner Electronics Systems Technology, Inc. | Secured scramble decoder filter |
US4091413A (en) * | 1977-01-17 | 1978-05-23 | Herman Richard E | Security system for pay-TV channel |
US4148064A (en) * | 1978-01-09 | 1979-04-03 | Gte Sylvania Incorporated | Jamming circuit for television signals |
US4222067A (en) * | 1978-06-23 | 1980-09-09 | Stern Joseph L | Tamper-resistant television signal scrambling |
US4343042A (en) * | 1979-07-10 | 1982-08-03 | Cablebus Systems Corporation | Bi-directional data transmission and control system |
US4334322A (en) * | 1979-10-26 | 1982-06-08 | E-Systems, Inc. | Communication management system for providing antijam/privacy capabilities for voice radio communications |
US4326289A (en) * | 1980-02-28 | 1982-04-20 | Dickinson Robert V C | Expandable communication system |
US4317213A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1982-02-23 | Dilorenzo Mark | Television reception interfering apparatus |
US4342119A (en) * | 1980-08-27 | 1982-07-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Multi-tone jammer |
US4434436A (en) * | 1981-07-13 | 1984-02-28 | Bruce Merrill | Addressable premium channel obfuscation device for cable television systems |
US4450481A (en) * | 1981-08-25 | 1984-05-22 | E-Com Corporation | Tamper-resistant, expandable communications system |
JPS58221577A (ja) * | 1982-06-18 | 1983-12-23 | Yagi Antenna Co Ltd | Catv信号分配方式 |
NL8301943A (nl) * | 1982-07-01 | 1984-02-01 | Plessey Overseas | Zender. |
JPS5961384A (ja) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-04-07 | Nec Home Electronics Ltd | Catvシステム用ジヤミング信号発生装置 |
US4521809A (en) * | 1982-12-29 | 1985-06-04 | North American Philips Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling access to selected television programs |
US4636852A (en) * | 1984-01-26 | 1987-01-13 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Scrambling and descrambling of television signals for subscription TV |
JPS60245385A (ja) * | 1984-05-18 | 1985-12-05 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Catvシステムにおける集中視聴制御方式 |
JPS60253388A (ja) * | 1984-05-30 | 1985-12-14 | 株式会社東芝 | ケ−ブルテレビジヨンシステムのデ−タ処理装置 |
US4684980A (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1987-08-04 | American Television & Communications Corporation | System for controlling communications on a cable television network |
US4754426A (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1988-06-28 | American Television & Communications Corporation | System for controlling communications on a cable television network |
US4710956A (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1987-12-01 | American Television & Communications Corporation | Cable television system |
US4673976A (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1987-06-16 | American Television & Communications Corporation | Cable television system data verification apparatus |
JPS6194480A (ja) * | 1984-10-15 | 1986-05-13 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | ジヤミング信号発生回路 |
US4682359A (en) * | 1984-10-15 | 1987-07-21 | Blonder-Tongue Laboratories, Inc. | Television picture and sound scrambler and method |
JPS61139176A (ja) * | 1984-12-10 | 1986-06-26 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Catvの視聴制御装置 |
US4691353A (en) * | 1985-02-25 | 1987-09-01 | Scientific Atlanta, Inc. | Scrambling systems for CATV |
JPS61230487A (ja) * | 1985-04-04 | 1986-10-14 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Catvシステムの特定チヤンネル妨害波混入方式 |
US4910791A (en) * | 1985-12-26 | 1990-03-20 | Am Communications, Inc. | Monitoring and control of data communications |
DE3618066C1 (de) * | 1986-05-29 | 1987-12-03 | Licentia Gmbh | Verfahren zum dichten Verschliessen eines becherfoermigen aus Metall gefertigten Gehaeuses eines elektrischen Bauelements mit einem Deckel aus Kunststoff |
US4837820A (en) * | 1986-10-17 | 1989-06-06 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Hybrid CATV scrambling system |
US4825468A (en) * | 1986-10-24 | 1989-04-25 | Broadband Engineering, Inc. | Video noise jammer |
US4748667A (en) * | 1986-11-04 | 1988-05-31 | Scientific Atlanta | Jamming signal scrambling and descrambling systems for CATV |
US4825467A (en) * | 1986-11-25 | 1989-04-25 | International Telesystems, Inc. | Restricted access television transmission system |
US4841569A (en) * | 1987-12-30 | 1989-06-20 | General Instrument Corporation | Secure video distribution system |
EP0360778B1 (en) * | 1988-09-23 | 1996-04-24 | Electroline Equipment Inc | A method and a device for jamming television signals |
US4914695A (en) * | 1988-11-03 | 1990-04-03 | General Instrument Corporation | Method and apparatus for frequency control of multiple oscillators using a single frequency-locked-loop |
-
1988
- 1988-12-05 US US07/279,619 patent/US5014309A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-11-23 CA CA002003698A patent/CA2003698C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-04 EP EP90900676A patent/EP0446280B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-04 MX MX018562A patent/MX165533B/es unknown
- 1989-12-04 JP JP50133290A patent/JP3162371B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-04 WO PCT/US1989/005357 patent/WO1990006656A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1989-12-04 AT AT90900676T patent/ATE124591T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-12-04 AU AU48088/90A patent/AU4808890A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1989-12-04 ES ES90900676T patent/ES2076356T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-04 DE DE68923294T patent/DE68923294T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-05 CN CN89109167A patent/CN1028468C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-08-04 KR KR1019900701692A patent/KR0139106B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1046826A (zh) | 1990-11-07 |
KR910700590A (ko) | 1991-03-15 |
ATE124591T1 (de) | 1995-07-15 |
DE68923294T2 (de) | 1995-11-09 |
US5014309A (en) | 1991-05-07 |
WO1990006656A1 (en) | 1990-06-14 |
AU4808890A (en) | 1990-06-26 |
JP3162371B2 (ja) | 2001-04-25 |
EP0446280A1 (en) | 1991-09-18 |
CA2003698A1 (en) | 1990-06-05 |
DE68923294D1 (de) | 1995-08-03 |
EP0446280B1 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
CN1028468C (zh) | 1995-05-17 |
KR0139106B1 (ko) | 1998-05-15 |
CA2003698C (en) | 1995-10-03 |
MX165533B (es) | 1992-11-18 |
JPH04505078A (ja) | 1992-09-03 |
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