ES2041775T3 - Elemento autocontenido para inmunoensayos. - Google Patents
Elemento autocontenido para inmunoensayos.Info
- Publication number
- ES2041775T3 ES2041775T3 ES198888200380T ES88200380T ES2041775T3 ES 2041775 T3 ES2041775 T3 ES 2041775T3 ES 198888200380 T ES198888200380 T ES 198888200380T ES 88200380 T ES88200380 T ES 88200380T ES 2041775 T3 ES2041775 T3 ES 2041775T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- reagent
- sample
- analyte
- waste liquid
- self
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/50273—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the means or forces applied to move the fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/52—Use of compounds or compositions for colorimetric, spectrophotometric or fluorometric investigation, e.g. use of reagent paper and including single- and multilayer analytical elements
- G01N33/528—Atypical element structures, e.g. gloves, rods, tampons, toilet paper
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/5302—Apparatus specially adapted for immunological test procedures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
- B01L2200/0605—Metering of fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
- B01L2300/0681—Filter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
- B01L2300/069—Absorbents; Gels to retain a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
- B01L2300/0816—Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
- B01L2400/0403—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces
- B01L2400/0406—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces capillary forces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
- B01L2400/0475—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure
- B01L2400/0481—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure squeezing of channels or chambers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502715—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by interfacing components, e.g. fluidic, electrical, optical or mechanical interfaces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10S436/807—Apparatus included in process claim, e.g. physical support structures
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Bag Frames (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
Abstract
UN ELEMENTO PARA ANALISIS DE UNA MUESTRA DE LIQUIDO INCLUYE UN CAPILAR QUE CONTIENE UN REACTIVO FIJADO EN EL FLUIDO DE COMUNICACION CON DEPOSITOS DE REACTIVOS Y UN DEPOSITO DE LIQUIDO BALDIO. UN MEDIO DE INTRODUCIR MUESTRA ESTA PROVISTO LO CUAL PERMITE ANALIZAR EN UNA MUESTRA A INTERACTUAR CON EL REACTIVO FIJADO. UN REACTIVO MARCADO ESTA PROVISTO LO CUAL INTERACCIONA CON CUALQUIERA DE LOS REACTIVOS FIJADOS O CON EL ANALIZADOR EN UNA FORMA QUE PERMITE LA DETECCION DE LA CONCENTRACION DE ANALIZADOR EN LA MUESTRA. EL CAPILAR, DEPOSITOS DE REACTIVOS, DEPOSITO DE LIQUIDO BALDIO Y EL MEDIO DE INTRODUCIR MUESTRAS SON DISPUESTOS DENTRO DE UN ALOJAMIENTO COMUN TAL QUE EL LIQUIDO BALDIO DEL REACTIVO NO NECESITA SER UROIMO DESDE EL ELEMENTO.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/021,136 US4918025A (en) | 1987-03-03 | 1987-03-03 | Self contained immunoassay element |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES2041775T3 true ES2041775T3 (es) | 1993-12-01 |
Family
ID=21802544
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES198888200380T Expired - Lifetime ES2041775T3 (es) | 1987-03-03 | 1988-03-02 | Elemento autocontenido para inmunoensayos. |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4918025A (es) |
EP (1) | EP0281201B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JPH0616047B2 (es) |
AT (1) | ATE88814T1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU605257B2 (es) |
CA (1) | CA1300006C (es) |
DE (1) | DE3880531T2 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2041775T3 (es) |
FI (1) | FI96639C (es) |
GR (1) | GR3008296T3 (es) |
NO (1) | NO173410C (es) |
NZ (1) | NZ223637A (es) |
WO (1) | WO1988006731A1 (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA88550B (es) |
Families Citing this family (110)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5622871A (en) | 1987-04-27 | 1997-04-22 | Unilever Patent Holdings B.V. | Capillary immunoassay and device therefor comprising mobilizable particulate labelled reagents |
US5137808A (en) * | 1987-04-07 | 1992-08-11 | Syntex (U.S.A.) Inc. | Immunoassay device |
ATE225509T1 (de) | 1987-04-27 | 2002-10-15 | Inverness Medical Switzerland | Testgerät zur durchführung von spezifischen bindungsprüfungen |
US5006474A (en) * | 1987-12-16 | 1991-04-09 | Disease Detection International Inc. | Bi-directional lateral chromatographic test device |
DE3889885T2 (de) * | 1987-12-23 | 1994-12-15 | Abbott Lab | Vorrichtung zur Agglutinierungsreaktion. |
JPH04502961A (ja) * | 1988-11-14 | 1992-05-28 | アイデックス・ラボラトリーズ・インコーポレーテッド | 二重吸収被分析物検出 |
US5229297A (en) * | 1989-02-03 | 1993-07-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Containment cuvette for PCR and method of use |
US6645758B1 (en) | 1989-02-03 | 2003-11-11 | Johnson & Johnson Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. | Containment cuvette for PCR and method of use |
CA1338505C (en) * | 1989-02-03 | 1996-08-06 | John Bruce Findlay | Containment cuvette for pcr and method of use |
US6352862B1 (en) | 1989-02-17 | 2002-03-05 | Unilever Patent Holdings B.V. | Analytical test device for imuno assays and methods of using same |
US5147609A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1992-09-15 | Pb Diagnostic Systems, Inc. | Assay element |
AU642444B2 (en) * | 1989-11-30 | 1993-10-21 | Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Reaction vessel |
AU635008B2 (en) * | 1989-12-13 | 1993-03-11 | Genelabs Diagnostics Pte Ltd | Analytical apparatus and method for automated blot assay |
US5098660A (en) * | 1990-01-08 | 1992-03-24 | Eastman Kodak Company | Transfer apparatus for chemical reaction pack |
US5922615A (en) | 1990-03-12 | 1999-07-13 | Biosite Diagnostics Incorporated | Assay devices comprising a porous capture membrane in fluid-withdrawing contact with a nonabsorbent capillary network |
WO1991018291A1 (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1991-11-28 | Pb Diagnostic Systems, Inc. | Solid support having antibodies immobilized thereon |
US5208163A (en) * | 1990-08-06 | 1993-05-04 | Miles Inc. | Self-metering fluid analysis device |
US5147606A (en) * | 1990-08-06 | 1992-09-15 | Miles Inc. | Self-metering fluid analysis device |
EP0471940B1 (de) * | 1990-08-16 | 1994-12-07 | Drägerwerk Aktiengesellschaft | Kolorimetrische Nachweisvorrichtung mit einem Reagenzvorratsbehälter |
US5869345A (en) * | 1991-05-29 | 1999-02-09 | Smithkline Diagnostics, Inc. | Opposable-element assay device employing conductive barrier |
US5607863A (en) * | 1991-05-29 | 1997-03-04 | Smithkline Diagnostics, Inc. | Barrier-controlled assay device |
US5468648A (en) * | 1991-05-29 | 1995-11-21 | Smithkline Diagnostics, Inc. | Interrupted-flow assay device |
US5998220A (en) | 1991-05-29 | 1999-12-07 | Beckman Coulter, Inc. | Opposable-element assay devices, kits, and methods employing them |
US5877028A (en) | 1991-05-29 | 1999-03-02 | Smithkline Diagnostics, Inc. | Immunochromatographic assay device |
US6168956B1 (en) | 1991-05-29 | 2001-01-02 | Beckman Coulter, Inc. | Multiple component chromatographic assay device |
US6007999A (en) * | 1991-07-31 | 1999-12-28 | Idexx Laboratories, Inc. | Reversible flow chromatographic binding assay |
US5726010A (en) * | 1991-07-31 | 1998-03-10 | Idexx Laboratories, Inc. | Reversible flow chromatographic binding assay |
US5726026A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1998-03-10 | Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Mesoscale sample preparation device and systems for determination and processing of analytes |
US5427739A (en) * | 1992-08-27 | 1995-06-27 | Schering-Plough Healthcare Products, Inc. | Apparatus for performing immunoassays |
US5637467A (en) * | 1992-10-13 | 1997-06-10 | Behringwerke Ag | Heterogeneous assay using a pendulous drop |
US5500187A (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 1996-03-19 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Disposable optical agglutination assay device and method for use |
US5798215A (en) * | 1993-02-18 | 1998-08-25 | Biocircuits Corporation | Device for use in analyte detection assays |
US5503985A (en) * | 1993-02-18 | 1996-04-02 | Cathey; Cheryl A. | Disposable device for diagnostic assays |
US5372948A (en) * | 1993-03-17 | 1994-12-13 | Miles Inc. | Assay and reaction vessel with a compartmentalized solubilization chamber |
GB9307319D0 (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1993-06-02 | British Tech Group | Liquid transfer devices |
US5840573A (en) * | 1994-02-01 | 1998-11-24 | Fields; Robert E. | Molecular analyzer and method of use |
CA2228485A1 (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-02-20 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Diagnostic device |
EP0781997A1 (en) * | 1995-12-27 | 1997-07-02 | FUJIREBIO Inc. | Instrument for simplified immunoassay and simplified immunoassay method using the instrument |
US5945345A (en) * | 1996-08-27 | 1999-08-31 | Metrika, Inc. | Device for preventing assay interference using silver or lead to remove the interferant |
US5879951A (en) | 1997-01-29 | 1999-03-09 | Smithkline Diagnostics, Inc. | Opposable-element assay device employing unidirectional flow |
US5939252A (en) | 1997-05-09 | 1999-08-17 | Lennon; Donald J. | Detachable-element assay device |
DE69830416T2 (de) * | 1997-10-07 | 2005-11-10 | Ucb S.A. | Testvorrichtung und verfahren zur bestimmung von analyten in einem flüssigen milchprodukt |
US6120733A (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 2000-09-19 | Goodman; David B. P. | Self-contained assay device |
US5817522A (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 1998-10-06 | Goodman; David B. P. | Self-contained assay device and method |
EP1179585B1 (en) | 1997-12-24 | 2008-07-09 | Cepheid | Device and method for lysis |
US6267722B1 (en) | 1998-02-03 | 2001-07-31 | Adeza Biomedical Corporation | Point of care diagnostic systems |
US6394952B1 (en) | 1998-02-03 | 2002-05-28 | Adeza Biomedical Corporation | Point of care diagnostic systems |
US6184040B1 (en) | 1998-02-12 | 2001-02-06 | Polaroid Corporation | Diagnostic assay system and method |
EP1062510A2 (en) | 1998-03-10 | 2000-12-27 | Strategic Diagnostics Inc. | Integrated assay device and methods of production and use |
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US6228657B1 (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2001-05-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Environmental material ticket reader and airborne hazard detection system |
US6495373B1 (en) | 1998-10-14 | 2002-12-17 | Polaroid Corporation | Method and apparatus for performing diagnostic tests |
US6331715B1 (en) | 1998-10-14 | 2001-12-18 | Polaroid Corporation | Diagnostic assay system and method having a luminescent readout signal |
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US7914994B2 (en) | 1998-12-24 | 2011-03-29 | Cepheid | Method for separating an analyte from a sample |
US6431476B1 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2002-08-13 | Cepheid | Apparatus and method for rapid ultrasonic disruption of cells or viruses |
US6328930B1 (en) | 1999-02-11 | 2001-12-11 | Polaroid Corporation | Apparatus for performing diagnostic testing |
US8815521B2 (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2014-08-26 | Cepheid | Apparatus and method for cell disruption |
US6818185B1 (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2004-11-16 | Cepheid | Cartridge for conducting a chemical reaction |
US20040200909A1 (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2004-10-14 | Cepheid | Apparatus and method for cell disruption |
DE60022025T2 (de) | 1999-05-28 | 2006-06-29 | Cepheid, Sunnyvale | Anlage zum brechen von zellen |
US9073053B2 (en) | 1999-05-28 | 2015-07-07 | Cepheid | Apparatus and method for cell disruption |
US6664104B2 (en) | 1999-06-25 | 2003-12-16 | Cepheid | Device incorporating a microfluidic chip for separating analyte from a sample |
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US6641782B1 (en) | 2000-11-15 | 2003-11-04 | Polaroid Corporation | Apparatus for performing diagnostic testing |
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-
1987
- 1987-03-03 US US07/021,136 patent/US4918025A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-01-21 WO PCT/US1988/000248 patent/WO1988006731A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1988-01-21 AU AU12949/88A patent/AU605257B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-01-21 JP JP63501761A patent/JPH0616047B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-01-27 ZA ZA880550A patent/ZA88550B/xx unknown
- 1988-02-25 NZ NZ223637A patent/NZ223637A/xx unknown
- 1988-03-02 CA CA000560295A patent/CA1300006C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-02 EP EP88200380A patent/EP0281201B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-02 ES ES198888200380T patent/ES2041775T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-02 DE DE8888200380T patent/DE3880531T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-02 AT AT88200380T patent/ATE88814T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-08-01 FI FI883599A patent/FI96639C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-19 NO NO884658A patent/NO173410C/no unknown
-
1993
- 1993-06-25 GR GR930400133T patent/GR3008296T3/el unknown
Also Published As
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---|---|
DE3880531D1 (de) | 1993-06-03 |
WO1988006731A1 (en) | 1988-09-07 |
NO173410C (no) | 1993-12-08 |
EP0281201A1 (en) | 1988-09-07 |
EP0281201B1 (en) | 1993-04-28 |
NO884658L (no) | 1988-10-19 |
AU1294988A (en) | 1988-09-26 |
FI883599A (fi) | 1988-09-04 |
FI883599A0 (fi) | 1988-08-01 |
GR3008296T3 (es) | 1993-09-30 |
NO884658D0 (no) | 1988-10-19 |
FI96639B (fi) | 1996-04-15 |
ATE88814T1 (de) | 1993-05-15 |
JPH0616047B2 (ja) | 1994-03-02 |
DE3880531T2 (de) | 1993-09-09 |
JPH01502526A (ja) | 1989-08-31 |
NO173410B (no) | 1993-08-30 |
NZ223637A (en) | 1990-05-28 |
FI96639C (fi) | 1996-07-25 |
AU605257B2 (en) | 1991-01-10 |
US4918025A (en) | 1990-04-17 |
ZA88550B (en) | 1988-08-30 |
CA1300006C (en) | 1992-05-05 |
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