EP4209656A1 - Dispositif modulaire de coffrage de tunnel - Google Patents

Dispositif modulaire de coffrage de tunnel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4209656A1
EP4209656A1 EP22152345.9A EP22152345A EP4209656A1 EP 4209656 A1 EP4209656 A1 EP 4209656A1 EP 22152345 A EP22152345 A EP 22152345A EP 4209656 A1 EP4209656 A1 EP 4209656A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
tunnel formwork
tunnel
formwork device
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP22152345.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4209656B1 (fr
Inventor
Reiner Kern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kern Tunneltechnik SA
Original Assignee
Kern Tunneltechnik SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kern Tunneltechnik SA filed Critical Kern Tunneltechnik SA
Priority to US18/062,199 priority Critical patent/US20230220773A1/en
Publication of EP4209656A1 publication Critical patent/EP4209656A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4209656B1 publication Critical patent/EP4209656B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a modular tunnel formwork device for lining tunnel walls with concrete.
  • the tunnel formwork is carried by a frame of the tunnel formwork device via hydraulic support cylinders. Checking the exact alignment and control of the support cylinders and checking the exact fit of the tunnel formwork is sometimes difficult due to the cramped conditions in the tunnel.
  • the tunnel formwork device contains a frame and at least two support structures, which can be connected to the frame and are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device, for supporting the frame on a tunnel floor.
  • the frame carries at least two longitudinally spaced positions in each case at least two hydraulic support cylinders, which can be connected to longitudinal beams running in the longitudinal direction, which in turn carry tunnel formwork elements of the tunnel formwork device.
  • a lifting device is arranged on the frame, preferably on at least one end of the frame, which carries a working platform, the lifting device having a lifting drive, at least for the height-adjustable movement of the working platform relative to the frame, but preferably also for the lateral movement relative to the Frame.
  • the tunnel formwork device itself to check the correct setting of components, such as the hydraulic support cylinder, the correct position of the longitudinal beams and the tunnel formwork elements, and thus to ensure the quality of the formwork process.
  • components such as the hydraulic support cylinder, the correct position of the longitudinal beams and the tunnel formwork elements, and thus to ensure the quality of the formwork process.
  • Even light work on the tunnel wall, for example to fasten components of the tunnel formwork device, can be carried out from the working platform. If the work platform is placed at the end of the frame, the entire Working area of the tunnel formwork device can be removed more easily without the process of the working platform being affected by the frame of the tunnel formwork device and/or its components.
  • the lifting device is preferably designed for a horizontal movement of the working platform in relation to the frame.
  • the working platform can cover the entire effective range of the tunnel formwork device up to the tunnel walls and ceiling in order to be able to check and, if necessary, manually correct or repair components of the tunnel formwork device, such as the support cylinder, the longitudinal beam, the tunnel formwork elements, or the to allow connections of the concrete pumps.
  • the at least one working platform is preferably carried in a height-adjustable and/or laterally adjustable manner via the hydraulic lifting device, in particular at the two ends and in the case of a modular structure of the frame. In this way, the correct formation of the tunnel formwork can be checked at all points.
  • this at least one movable work platform helps in the positioning of the tunnel formwork elements and in maintenance or assembly work.
  • the lifting devices can preferably be controlled via a/the common control arrangement of the tunnel formwork device or separately via controls for the working platforms.
  • the lifting drive is preferably designed as an electric or hydraulic drive, which works reliably in the dirty construction site area of a tunnel and can apply high forces, so that several workers and tools can be transported on the working platform.
  • the lifting device comprises two support arms which are pivotably connected to one another. In this way, a large working area of the working platform is achieved over the entire tunnel cross-section, at least above the frame.
  • the working area of a working platform preferably extends over at least half of the tunnel cross section, at least above the frame.
  • the support arms are preferably pivotally connected both to the frame and to the work platform in order to ensure a wide working area with the work platform aligned exactly horizontally.
  • the support arms are preferably driven via hydraulic cylinders of the lifting drive so that they can pivot relative to the frame and to one another, which is less susceptible to dirt on the drive side and also provides the necessary forces for moving the working platform.
  • At least one working platform is arranged at each longitudinal end of the frame, which has the advantage that the tunnel formwork can be inspected at both ends of the tunnel formwork device.
  • Two work platforms are preferably arranged on at least one longitudinal end of the frame, each of which covers one half of the tunnel cross section in its work or adjustment area. In this way the working area of the work platform is not affected by the frame as it extends laterally and upwardly away from the frame.
  • the two working platforms are preferably arranged symmetrically to a central longitudinal axis of the frame, so that both can be of identical design and the division of the working area of the working platforms in the transverse direction of the tunnel formwork device is clearly defined.
  • the travel range of the working platform in the transverse direction of the frame includes the adjustment ranges of all support cylinders, at least on one side of the frame, and is therefore able to cover the entire effective range of the tunnel formwork device.
  • the support structures have feet with rollers, which are designed to move the tunnel formwork device in its longitudinal direction.
  • the tunnel formwork device can travel along the tunnel and the at least one working platform can be used to approach any point in the tunnel
  • the working platform preferably protrudes beyond the supporting structures of the frame and/or the frame at the end, which makes it possible to extend the working platform over the entire cross section of the tunnel procedure, also in places where the frame is arranged along the length of the tunnel formwork device.
  • the support structures include height-adjustable support legs.
  • the working platform can also be influenced in its working area by adjusting the height of the supporting legs.
  • the tunnel formwork device preferably has a control arrangement at least for the lifting drive of the lifting device, which is connected to an input device arranged on the working platform for controlling the lifting drive. In this way, the movement of the working platform can be easily controlled from the operating platform.
  • the tunnel formwork device preferably comprises at least two modules, preferably at least three modules which are connected to one another in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device and can be connected to one another to form the frame.
  • the at least two modules, preferably at least three modules connected to one another in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device thus form a tunnel formwork device whose length can be adjusted by the number of modules used. This has the advantage that the length of the tunnel formwork device can be individually adjusted as desired by the number of intermediate modules selected. It should be noted that the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device coincides with the tunneling direction.
  • each module can be varied, for example by adapter pieces or by a hydraulic adjusting mechanism, so that not only the length of the tunnel formwork device in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, but also the width of the tunnel formwork device can be adjusted according to the width of the modules .
  • the working width of the modules can also be easily varied by adjusting the support structures and the length-adjustable hydraulic support cylinders so that both narrow and wide tunnel shapes can be formed.
  • the tunnel shape is adjusted by appropriately adjusting the length of the support cylinders, which are preferably hydraulically telescoping.
  • the width of the supporting structures which can preferably be adjusted both in terms of their spacing in the transverse direction and also in terms of their height, an adapted stability can be achieved even in wide tunnels.
  • the vertical support cylinders do not have to be hydraulically adjustable in length, since the height of the tunnel formwork device can also be adjusted via the support structure.
  • the entire tunnel formwork device Due to the fact that the entire tunnel formwork device has a modular structure, it can be transported comparatively easily, ie by conventional transport vehicles such as articulated lorries or semi-trailers of freight trains. For example, if the length of a module in the direction of the tunnel is between 1 and 4 m and the width between 3 m and 10 m, conventional articulated lorries can be used to transport the modules because the maximum width and length specifications for the transports are not exceeded .
  • the modules preferably include two end modules, which form the two ends of the tunnel formwork device in the longitudinal direction, and at least one intermediate module to be arranged between the end modules, which can be positively and/or non-positively connected to at least one of the two end modules.
  • the end modules can be designed specifically for the load-bearing function, e.g. for fastening the load-bearing structures, while the intermediate modules are designed to support the tunnel formwork with the support cylinders and the longitudinal beams. This distributes the different necessary functions of the tunnel formwork device, such as the load-bearing function and support function of the tunnel formwork, to different types of modules, which is more economical and more efficient than if one module had to fulfill all these functions.
  • the support structure is preferably height-adjustable and is formed in particular by hydraulically telescoping support legs.
  • the tunnel formwork device can thus be adapted to different tunnel heights.
  • the distance between the supporting legs can also be adjusted transversely to the direction of the tunnel, so that the supporting structure can be adapted to different tunnel widths.
  • the vertical support cylinders do not necessarily have to be in the form of hydraulically length-adjustable support cylinders, since the height adjustment can then be implemented via the support structures.
  • the height adjustability also has the advantage that the tunnel formwork device can be driven into the tunnel at a reduced height, i.e. lowered, so that the tunnel formwork does not collide with tunnel sections that have already been lined.
  • the support cylinders are preferably connected to load sensors, so that the load absorbed by each support cylinder can be monitored at a central control arrangement and, if necessary, pressure peaks can be reduced by appropriately controlling the support cylinders.
  • each support cylinder is preferably provided with a load sensor. The pressure peaks are reduced by controlling the concreting speed.
  • At least one of the at least two support cylinders is pivoted to the frame or the frame part of a module, so that the support points for the tunnel formwork elements can be adapted to local conditions.
  • the support strut can be connected to the support cylinders via a pivoting mechanism, so that the longitudinal beams can optimally grip the tunnel formwork elements from behind, even if the support by the support cylinders is not exactly vertical from below.
  • the longitudinal beams have hydraulically actuated rams, in particular at their ends, for support on the tunnel wall or the tunnel ceiling.
  • the longitudinal beams are fixed absolutely immovably between the support structures of the frame of the tunnel device and the rams, which are hydraulically controlled and firmly in contact with the tunnel walls or the tunnel ceiling.
  • Each support structure is preferably formed by two support legs, which can be detachably connected to the frame, preferably to the frame parts, which are outermost in the longitudinal direction, of the end modules or intermediate modules.
  • the end modules can have the fastening structures for the supporting structures or supporting legs, which ensures on the one hand that the supporting structures are arranged at the two ends of the tunnel formwork device and thus securely support the tunnel formwork device arranged between them.
  • the intermediate modules can only have those structures that are required to support the tunnel formwork, ie the hydraulic support cylinders. As already stated, these legs are adjustable in height as well as in their distance.
  • only the frame parts of the intermediate modules carry the hydraulic support cylinders and the frame parts of the end modules each carry at least one working platform and the supporting structures, with the working platform projecting beyond the supporting structures at the front.
  • each module preferably each end and intermediate module, has integrated connections for pneumatics and/or hydraulics and/or electrics.
  • the hydraulic support cylinders are connected to the side members via at least one bolt, in particular a conical bolt, in order to ensure that the hydraulic support cylinder and the support strut are firmly connected.
  • the tunnel formwork device has a control module with a control arrangement for the tunnel formwork device, which can preferably be connected to the frame.
  • the control module can be formed, for example, by a cabin of the tunnel formwork device or a switch box in which the control arrangement is arranged in order to be operated easily there and to protect it from dirt and moisture in the tunnel.
  • This control arrangement then has all the necessary interfaces for the hydraulics, electrics and pneumatics of all modules and is able to receive the force measurement data from the load sensors of the support cylinders and to carry out the setting and actuation of the support cylinders centrally for the entire tunnel formwork device.
  • the control arrangement is preferably also designed for controlling the lifting device, in particular via an input device on the work platform or optionally also via mobile terminals.
  • the working platform(s) is/are preferably designed as a lifting platform with a railing, with the input device for controlling the lifting drive of the lifting device preferably being arranged on the railing.
  • the invention also relates to a tunnel concreting device comprising a tunnel formwork device of the above type and at least one concrete pump, which is controlled by the/one control arrangement for controlling the support cylinders of the tunnel concreting device, with at least one delivery line of the concrete pump being connected to the space between the tunnel formwork elements and the tunnel wall.
  • the concrete pumps are preferably controllable in dependence on the signals from load sensors arranged in connection with the support cylinders. In this way, a tunnel of almost any cross-sectional shape and length can be efficiently shuttered, with the control of the concrete pumps dynamically taking into account the degree of backfilling of the space between the tunnel formwork and the tunnel wall.
  • the tunnel formwork device 10 has a modular structure, but this is not necessary. It is subsequently based on the Figures 1 to 3 described and consists of two end modules 12a, 12b and seven intermediate modules 14a-14g which extend between the two end modules 12a, b and are firmly connected to one another. Each end module 12a, 12b contains a frame part 16a, which is positively and/or non-positively connected to the frame parts 16b of the intermediate modules 14a-g, as well as the frame parts 16b of the intermediate modules 14a-g to one another, preferably in the same way are non-positively connected to a common frame 20 of the tunnel formwork device 10 .
  • the frame parts 16a of the end modules 12a,b can be connected to support structures 18 in the form of two support legs each, which securely support the frame 20 of the entire tunnel formwork device 10 formed by the frame parts 16a,b of all modules 12a,b, 14a-g on the tunnel floor .
  • the connection between the modules 12a, b and 14a-g or between their frame parts 16a, b is detachable, so that the individual modules can be transported separately to the construction site.
  • the support legs 18 are height-adjustable via a hydraulic telescopic mechanism 23 while they have a horizontal telescopic mechanism 21 or by insertable adapter pieces in their mutual distance in the transverse direction (horizontally transverse to the tunnel direction) are adjustable.
  • a hydraulic lifting device 24 preferably comprising two pivotally connected support arms 25a, 25b, which can be moved relative to one another and to the frame 20 via a lifting drive 27 in the form of a plurality of hydraulic cylinders
  • the frame parts 16a of the end modules 12a, b which are a component of the frame 20
  • two working platforms 22a, b and 22c, d in the form of lifting platforms in relation to the frame part 16a, b and in relation to the frame 20 are held such that they can be raised and lowered and also moved laterally.
  • Inspections or assembly work on the tunnel formwork elements 33, on the support cylinders 34 of the longitudinal beams 32a-f rt 25a, b can optionally be length-adjustable, e.g.
  • the work platform or lifting platform 22a,b,c,d has a railing 29 to protect the workers from falling.
  • the frame 20 extends at least approximately over the entire length of the tunnel formwork device 10.
  • Two vertical hydraulic support cylinders 26a, b are preferably attached to the frame 20 for each intermediate module 14ag, so that when the frame 20 is raised via the hydraulic telescopic mechanisms 23, the support legs 18 for the height adjustment, the vertical support cylinders 26a, b are also raised. In this way, 10 tunnels of different heights can be boarded and concreted with the tunnel formwork device. the vertical support cylinders therefore do not even need to be hydraulic and adjustable in length.
  • the working platforms 22a, b, c, d can preferably be controlled via control devices which are attached to the working platform 22a, b, c, d or its railing 29.
  • Each frame part 16b of the intermediate modules 14a-g carries two support cylinders 28a,b pointing obliquely downwards, as well as two horizontally extending support cylinders 30a,b, which extend symmetrically to the tunnel sides facing away from one another in relation to the center of the tunnel.
  • the free ends of the support cylinders 26a,b, 28a,b, 30a,b are each connected to longitudinal beams 32a-f, which in turn carry arcuate tunnel formwork elements 33 ( 4 ), which form the tunnel formwork 37 in their entirety.
  • the tunnel formwork device 10 shown thus controls six support cylinders or struts 32a-f, which extend over the entire inner circumference of the tunnel wall to be concreted, ie generally over a range of 150 to 270 degrees (see 2 and 4 ).
  • the tunnel formwork elements 33 can be supported on the tunnel floor 35 via separate support bodies 36 .
  • the support cylinders 32a and 32f pointing obliquely downwards can form the lowest support which will form the tunnel formwork 37 composed of the tunnel formwork elements 33 as a whole.
  • the support of the tunnel formwork 37 by the support elements 26a, 28a, 30a and by the support cylinders 32a, 32b, 32c is in 4 clarified. It can also be seen in this representation that the vertical support cylinders 26a,b do not have to be aligned exactly vertically, just as little as the horizontal support cylinders 30a,b do not have to be aligned exactly horizontally. These can be adjustable in their attachment angle on the frame parts of the intermediate modules 14a-g at least in a small range of, for example, +/-15 degrees, while the supporting cylinders pointing downwards can preferably be adjustable in a larger angular range of, for example, 45 degrees.
  • the support struts 26a,b are preferably fixed rigidly, ie not pivotably, to the frame 20 so that the tunnel formwork is fixed in its angular position and the tunnel formwork 37 cannot tilt while the tunnel formwork device is in motion.
  • all the support cylinders 26a,b, 28a,b, 30a,b are preferably provided with load sensors 38, which can be connected to the central control arrangement 44 of a control module 42 of the tunnel formwork device 10 via data lines 40.
  • the control arrangement evaluates the data from the load sensors 38 and controls the support cylinders, preferably also depending on the recorded data, in order to position the tunnel formwork 37 optimally and to actuate concrete pumps for filling the space between the tunnel wall and the tunnel formwork 37 in such a way that no excessive loads occur the support cylinders or the tunnel formwork elements 33 come.
  • each support strut 32a-f are provided with hydraulically actuated rams 34, which are controlled in such a way that they are supported on the tunnel walls, with which all the longitudinal beams 32a-f between them and the supporting structures 18 are firmly defined in their position, which to reproducible formwork results.
  • the control module 42 preferably includes a cab 46, preferably having at least one window 48, in which the control assembly 44 is positioned. In this way, it is effectively protected against the dirt and moisture of the construction site.
  • the control module 42 can be positioned anywhere on the tunnel formwork device 10 . It can preferably be connected to the supporting structure 18 or to a frame part 16a,b of an end or intermediate module 12a,b, 14a-g.
  • the control arrangement is connected to the hydraulic system for actuating all support cylinders and to concrete pumps for filling the cavity between the tunnel wall and the tunnel formwork 37 in order to optimally control the tunnel formwork process.
  • the working platforms 22a-d which are movably held on the end modules 16a, 16b, preferably protrude beyond the supporting structures or supporting legs 18 at the front, so that the ends of the tunnel formwork 37 and the entire tunnel formwork device 10 can be viewed well.
  • figure 5 shows the cross-section of the Figures 1 to 4 shown tunnel formwork device 10 in more detail than 4 .
  • Identical or functionally identical parts are provided with the identical reference symbols in all figures.
  • FIG. 6 to 9 different working positions of the working platform 22a are shown, which show how comprehensively each of the four working platforms 22a-d at both ends of the tunnel formwork device covers one complete half of the tunnel cross section or working area of the tunnel formwork device.
  • the working platform 22a-d can be moved away from it under the frame 20, over the frame 20 and to the side, so that the entire corresponding tunnel formwork 37 can be inspected, as well as the corresponding parts 26, 28, 30, 32, 33, 34 of the tunnel formwork device 10.
  • On the components 26, 28, 30, 32 only visual inspections can be made from the working platforms, but rather none assembly or revision work.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
EP22152345.9A 2022-01-07 2022-01-20 Dispositif modulaire de coffrage de tunnel Active EP4209656B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US18/062,199 US20230220773A1 (en) 2022-01-07 2022-12-06 Modular tunnel formwork device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22150523.3A EP4209655B1 (fr) 2022-01-07 2022-01-07 Dispositif modulaire de coffrage de tunnel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4209656A1 true EP4209656A1 (fr) 2023-07-12
EP4209656B1 EP4209656B1 (fr) 2023-12-06

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EP22150523.3A Active EP4209655B1 (fr) 2022-01-07 2022-01-07 Dispositif modulaire de coffrage de tunnel
EP22152345.9A Active EP4209656B1 (fr) 2022-01-07 2022-01-20 Dispositif modulaire de coffrage de tunnel

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US (2) US20230220773A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP4209655B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK4209656T3 (fr)
ES (2) ES2970580T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI4209656T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118143656A (zh) * 2024-05-13 2024-06-07 山西新能正源智能装备有限公司 折叠三榀拱架治具

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107130978A (zh) * 2017-05-31 2017-09-05 中铁隧道集团四处有限公司 组合式隧道衬砌模板台车
CN107965337A (zh) * 2017-12-21 2018-04-27 湖南五新隧道智能装备股份有限公司 一种衬砌施工方法及其采用的衬砌台车
CN112780309A (zh) * 2021-02-23 2021-05-11 四川蓝海智能装备制造有限公司 一种隧道施工用拱喷台车

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CN105422137B (zh) * 2015-12-14 2017-09-22 中铁四局集团有限公司 隧道大净空模块化衬砌台车
CN106640131B (zh) * 2016-11-24 2019-01-18 中国人民解放军63926部队 一种模块化的变截面隧道衬砌台车
KR20190140266A (ko) * 2018-06-11 2019-12-19 주식회사 서진기계 작업자 이동통로가 있는 터널용 강재 거푸집

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107130978A (zh) * 2017-05-31 2017-09-05 中铁隧道集团四处有限公司 组合式隧道衬砌模板台车
CN107965337A (zh) * 2017-12-21 2018-04-27 湖南五新隧道智能装备股份有限公司 一种衬砌施工方法及其采用的衬砌台车
CN112780309A (zh) * 2021-02-23 2021-05-11 四川蓝海智能装备制造有限公司 一种隧道施工用拱喷台车

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118143656A (zh) * 2024-05-13 2024-06-07 山西新能正源智能装备有限公司 折叠三榀拱架治具

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Publication number Publication date
EP4209655A1 (fr) 2023-07-12
US20230220773A1 (en) 2023-07-13
ES2969746T3 (es) 2024-05-22
DK4209656T3 (da) 2024-01-15
FI4209656T3 (en) 2024-01-11
US20230220774A1 (en) 2023-07-13
EP4209655C0 (fr) 2023-11-01
EP4209656B1 (fr) 2023-12-06
EP4209655B1 (fr) 2023-11-01
ES2970580T3 (es) 2024-05-29

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