EP4209656A1 - Modular tunnel formwork device - Google Patents
Modular tunnel formwork device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4209656A1 EP4209656A1 EP22152345.9A EP22152345A EP4209656A1 EP 4209656 A1 EP4209656 A1 EP 4209656A1 EP 22152345 A EP22152345 A EP 22152345A EP 4209656 A1 EP4209656 A1 EP 4209656A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- tunnel formwork
- tunnel
- formwork device
- support
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- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
Definitions
- the invention relates to a modular tunnel formwork device for lining tunnel walls with concrete.
- the tunnel formwork is carried by a frame of the tunnel formwork device via hydraulic support cylinders. Checking the exact alignment and control of the support cylinders and checking the exact fit of the tunnel formwork is sometimes difficult due to the cramped conditions in the tunnel.
- the tunnel formwork device contains a frame and at least two support structures, which can be connected to the frame and are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device, for supporting the frame on a tunnel floor.
- the frame carries at least two longitudinally spaced positions in each case at least two hydraulic support cylinders, which can be connected to longitudinal beams running in the longitudinal direction, which in turn carry tunnel formwork elements of the tunnel formwork device.
- a lifting device is arranged on the frame, preferably on at least one end of the frame, which carries a working platform, the lifting device having a lifting drive, at least for the height-adjustable movement of the working platform relative to the frame, but preferably also for the lateral movement relative to the Frame.
- the tunnel formwork device itself to check the correct setting of components, such as the hydraulic support cylinder, the correct position of the longitudinal beams and the tunnel formwork elements, and thus to ensure the quality of the formwork process.
- components such as the hydraulic support cylinder, the correct position of the longitudinal beams and the tunnel formwork elements, and thus to ensure the quality of the formwork process.
- Even light work on the tunnel wall, for example to fasten components of the tunnel formwork device, can be carried out from the working platform. If the work platform is placed at the end of the frame, the entire Working area of the tunnel formwork device can be removed more easily without the process of the working platform being affected by the frame of the tunnel formwork device and/or its components.
- the lifting device is preferably designed for a horizontal movement of the working platform in relation to the frame.
- the working platform can cover the entire effective range of the tunnel formwork device up to the tunnel walls and ceiling in order to be able to check and, if necessary, manually correct or repair components of the tunnel formwork device, such as the support cylinder, the longitudinal beam, the tunnel formwork elements, or the to allow connections of the concrete pumps.
- the at least one working platform is preferably carried in a height-adjustable and/or laterally adjustable manner via the hydraulic lifting device, in particular at the two ends and in the case of a modular structure of the frame. In this way, the correct formation of the tunnel formwork can be checked at all points.
- this at least one movable work platform helps in the positioning of the tunnel formwork elements and in maintenance or assembly work.
- the lifting devices can preferably be controlled via a/the common control arrangement of the tunnel formwork device or separately via controls for the working platforms.
- the lifting drive is preferably designed as an electric or hydraulic drive, which works reliably in the dirty construction site area of a tunnel and can apply high forces, so that several workers and tools can be transported on the working platform.
- the lifting device comprises two support arms which are pivotably connected to one another. In this way, a large working area of the working platform is achieved over the entire tunnel cross-section, at least above the frame.
- the working area of a working platform preferably extends over at least half of the tunnel cross section, at least above the frame.
- the support arms are preferably pivotally connected both to the frame and to the work platform in order to ensure a wide working area with the work platform aligned exactly horizontally.
- the support arms are preferably driven via hydraulic cylinders of the lifting drive so that they can pivot relative to the frame and to one another, which is less susceptible to dirt on the drive side and also provides the necessary forces for moving the working platform.
- At least one working platform is arranged at each longitudinal end of the frame, which has the advantage that the tunnel formwork can be inspected at both ends of the tunnel formwork device.
- Two work platforms are preferably arranged on at least one longitudinal end of the frame, each of which covers one half of the tunnel cross section in its work or adjustment area. In this way the working area of the work platform is not affected by the frame as it extends laterally and upwardly away from the frame.
- the two working platforms are preferably arranged symmetrically to a central longitudinal axis of the frame, so that both can be of identical design and the division of the working area of the working platforms in the transverse direction of the tunnel formwork device is clearly defined.
- the travel range of the working platform in the transverse direction of the frame includes the adjustment ranges of all support cylinders, at least on one side of the frame, and is therefore able to cover the entire effective range of the tunnel formwork device.
- the support structures have feet with rollers, which are designed to move the tunnel formwork device in its longitudinal direction.
- the tunnel formwork device can travel along the tunnel and the at least one working platform can be used to approach any point in the tunnel
- the working platform preferably protrudes beyond the supporting structures of the frame and/or the frame at the end, which makes it possible to extend the working platform over the entire cross section of the tunnel procedure, also in places where the frame is arranged along the length of the tunnel formwork device.
- the support structures include height-adjustable support legs.
- the working platform can also be influenced in its working area by adjusting the height of the supporting legs.
- the tunnel formwork device preferably has a control arrangement at least for the lifting drive of the lifting device, which is connected to an input device arranged on the working platform for controlling the lifting drive. In this way, the movement of the working platform can be easily controlled from the operating platform.
- the tunnel formwork device preferably comprises at least two modules, preferably at least three modules which are connected to one another in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device and can be connected to one another to form the frame.
- the at least two modules, preferably at least three modules connected to one another in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device thus form a tunnel formwork device whose length can be adjusted by the number of modules used. This has the advantage that the length of the tunnel formwork device can be individually adjusted as desired by the number of intermediate modules selected. It should be noted that the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device coincides with the tunneling direction.
- each module can be varied, for example by adapter pieces or by a hydraulic adjusting mechanism, so that not only the length of the tunnel formwork device in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, but also the width of the tunnel formwork device can be adjusted according to the width of the modules .
- the working width of the modules can also be easily varied by adjusting the support structures and the length-adjustable hydraulic support cylinders so that both narrow and wide tunnel shapes can be formed.
- the tunnel shape is adjusted by appropriately adjusting the length of the support cylinders, which are preferably hydraulically telescoping.
- the width of the supporting structures which can preferably be adjusted both in terms of their spacing in the transverse direction and also in terms of their height, an adapted stability can be achieved even in wide tunnels.
- the vertical support cylinders do not have to be hydraulically adjustable in length, since the height of the tunnel formwork device can also be adjusted via the support structure.
- the entire tunnel formwork device Due to the fact that the entire tunnel formwork device has a modular structure, it can be transported comparatively easily, ie by conventional transport vehicles such as articulated lorries or semi-trailers of freight trains. For example, if the length of a module in the direction of the tunnel is between 1 and 4 m and the width between 3 m and 10 m, conventional articulated lorries can be used to transport the modules because the maximum width and length specifications for the transports are not exceeded .
- the modules preferably include two end modules, which form the two ends of the tunnel formwork device in the longitudinal direction, and at least one intermediate module to be arranged between the end modules, which can be positively and/or non-positively connected to at least one of the two end modules.
- the end modules can be designed specifically for the load-bearing function, e.g. for fastening the load-bearing structures, while the intermediate modules are designed to support the tunnel formwork with the support cylinders and the longitudinal beams. This distributes the different necessary functions of the tunnel formwork device, such as the load-bearing function and support function of the tunnel formwork, to different types of modules, which is more economical and more efficient than if one module had to fulfill all these functions.
- the support structure is preferably height-adjustable and is formed in particular by hydraulically telescoping support legs.
- the tunnel formwork device can thus be adapted to different tunnel heights.
- the distance between the supporting legs can also be adjusted transversely to the direction of the tunnel, so that the supporting structure can be adapted to different tunnel widths.
- the vertical support cylinders do not necessarily have to be in the form of hydraulically length-adjustable support cylinders, since the height adjustment can then be implemented via the support structures.
- the height adjustability also has the advantage that the tunnel formwork device can be driven into the tunnel at a reduced height, i.e. lowered, so that the tunnel formwork does not collide with tunnel sections that have already been lined.
- the support cylinders are preferably connected to load sensors, so that the load absorbed by each support cylinder can be monitored at a central control arrangement and, if necessary, pressure peaks can be reduced by appropriately controlling the support cylinders.
- each support cylinder is preferably provided with a load sensor. The pressure peaks are reduced by controlling the concreting speed.
- At least one of the at least two support cylinders is pivoted to the frame or the frame part of a module, so that the support points for the tunnel formwork elements can be adapted to local conditions.
- the support strut can be connected to the support cylinders via a pivoting mechanism, so that the longitudinal beams can optimally grip the tunnel formwork elements from behind, even if the support by the support cylinders is not exactly vertical from below.
- the longitudinal beams have hydraulically actuated rams, in particular at their ends, for support on the tunnel wall or the tunnel ceiling.
- the longitudinal beams are fixed absolutely immovably between the support structures of the frame of the tunnel device and the rams, which are hydraulically controlled and firmly in contact with the tunnel walls or the tunnel ceiling.
- Each support structure is preferably formed by two support legs, which can be detachably connected to the frame, preferably to the frame parts, which are outermost in the longitudinal direction, of the end modules or intermediate modules.
- the end modules can have the fastening structures for the supporting structures or supporting legs, which ensures on the one hand that the supporting structures are arranged at the two ends of the tunnel formwork device and thus securely support the tunnel formwork device arranged between them.
- the intermediate modules can only have those structures that are required to support the tunnel formwork, ie the hydraulic support cylinders. As already stated, these legs are adjustable in height as well as in their distance.
- only the frame parts of the intermediate modules carry the hydraulic support cylinders and the frame parts of the end modules each carry at least one working platform and the supporting structures, with the working platform projecting beyond the supporting structures at the front.
- each module preferably each end and intermediate module, has integrated connections for pneumatics and/or hydraulics and/or electrics.
- the hydraulic support cylinders are connected to the side members via at least one bolt, in particular a conical bolt, in order to ensure that the hydraulic support cylinder and the support strut are firmly connected.
- the tunnel formwork device has a control module with a control arrangement for the tunnel formwork device, which can preferably be connected to the frame.
- the control module can be formed, for example, by a cabin of the tunnel formwork device or a switch box in which the control arrangement is arranged in order to be operated easily there and to protect it from dirt and moisture in the tunnel.
- This control arrangement then has all the necessary interfaces for the hydraulics, electrics and pneumatics of all modules and is able to receive the force measurement data from the load sensors of the support cylinders and to carry out the setting and actuation of the support cylinders centrally for the entire tunnel formwork device.
- the control arrangement is preferably also designed for controlling the lifting device, in particular via an input device on the work platform or optionally also via mobile terminals.
- the working platform(s) is/are preferably designed as a lifting platform with a railing, with the input device for controlling the lifting drive of the lifting device preferably being arranged on the railing.
- the invention also relates to a tunnel concreting device comprising a tunnel formwork device of the above type and at least one concrete pump, which is controlled by the/one control arrangement for controlling the support cylinders of the tunnel concreting device, with at least one delivery line of the concrete pump being connected to the space between the tunnel formwork elements and the tunnel wall.
- the concrete pumps are preferably controllable in dependence on the signals from load sensors arranged in connection with the support cylinders. In this way, a tunnel of almost any cross-sectional shape and length can be efficiently shuttered, with the control of the concrete pumps dynamically taking into account the degree of backfilling of the space between the tunnel formwork and the tunnel wall.
- the tunnel formwork device 10 has a modular structure, but this is not necessary. It is subsequently based on the Figures 1 to 3 described and consists of two end modules 12a, 12b and seven intermediate modules 14a-14g which extend between the two end modules 12a, b and are firmly connected to one another. Each end module 12a, 12b contains a frame part 16a, which is positively and/or non-positively connected to the frame parts 16b of the intermediate modules 14a-g, as well as the frame parts 16b of the intermediate modules 14a-g to one another, preferably in the same way are non-positively connected to a common frame 20 of the tunnel formwork device 10 .
- the frame parts 16a of the end modules 12a,b can be connected to support structures 18 in the form of two support legs each, which securely support the frame 20 of the entire tunnel formwork device 10 formed by the frame parts 16a,b of all modules 12a,b, 14a-g on the tunnel floor .
- the connection between the modules 12a, b and 14a-g or between their frame parts 16a, b is detachable, so that the individual modules can be transported separately to the construction site.
- the support legs 18 are height-adjustable via a hydraulic telescopic mechanism 23 while they have a horizontal telescopic mechanism 21 or by insertable adapter pieces in their mutual distance in the transverse direction (horizontally transverse to the tunnel direction) are adjustable.
- a hydraulic lifting device 24 preferably comprising two pivotally connected support arms 25a, 25b, which can be moved relative to one another and to the frame 20 via a lifting drive 27 in the form of a plurality of hydraulic cylinders
- the frame parts 16a of the end modules 12a, b which are a component of the frame 20
- two working platforms 22a, b and 22c, d in the form of lifting platforms in relation to the frame part 16a, b and in relation to the frame 20 are held such that they can be raised and lowered and also moved laterally.
- Inspections or assembly work on the tunnel formwork elements 33, on the support cylinders 34 of the longitudinal beams 32a-f rt 25a, b can optionally be length-adjustable, e.g.
- the work platform or lifting platform 22a,b,c,d has a railing 29 to protect the workers from falling.
- the frame 20 extends at least approximately over the entire length of the tunnel formwork device 10.
- Two vertical hydraulic support cylinders 26a, b are preferably attached to the frame 20 for each intermediate module 14ag, so that when the frame 20 is raised via the hydraulic telescopic mechanisms 23, the support legs 18 for the height adjustment, the vertical support cylinders 26a, b are also raised. In this way, 10 tunnels of different heights can be boarded and concreted with the tunnel formwork device. the vertical support cylinders therefore do not even need to be hydraulic and adjustable in length.
- the working platforms 22a, b, c, d can preferably be controlled via control devices which are attached to the working platform 22a, b, c, d or its railing 29.
- Each frame part 16b of the intermediate modules 14a-g carries two support cylinders 28a,b pointing obliquely downwards, as well as two horizontally extending support cylinders 30a,b, which extend symmetrically to the tunnel sides facing away from one another in relation to the center of the tunnel.
- the free ends of the support cylinders 26a,b, 28a,b, 30a,b are each connected to longitudinal beams 32a-f, which in turn carry arcuate tunnel formwork elements 33 ( 4 ), which form the tunnel formwork 37 in their entirety.
- the tunnel formwork device 10 shown thus controls six support cylinders or struts 32a-f, which extend over the entire inner circumference of the tunnel wall to be concreted, ie generally over a range of 150 to 270 degrees (see 2 and 4 ).
- the tunnel formwork elements 33 can be supported on the tunnel floor 35 via separate support bodies 36 .
- the support cylinders 32a and 32f pointing obliquely downwards can form the lowest support which will form the tunnel formwork 37 composed of the tunnel formwork elements 33 as a whole.
- the support of the tunnel formwork 37 by the support elements 26a, 28a, 30a and by the support cylinders 32a, 32b, 32c is in 4 clarified. It can also be seen in this representation that the vertical support cylinders 26a,b do not have to be aligned exactly vertically, just as little as the horizontal support cylinders 30a,b do not have to be aligned exactly horizontally. These can be adjustable in their attachment angle on the frame parts of the intermediate modules 14a-g at least in a small range of, for example, +/-15 degrees, while the supporting cylinders pointing downwards can preferably be adjustable in a larger angular range of, for example, 45 degrees.
- the support struts 26a,b are preferably fixed rigidly, ie not pivotably, to the frame 20 so that the tunnel formwork is fixed in its angular position and the tunnel formwork 37 cannot tilt while the tunnel formwork device is in motion.
- all the support cylinders 26a,b, 28a,b, 30a,b are preferably provided with load sensors 38, which can be connected to the central control arrangement 44 of a control module 42 of the tunnel formwork device 10 via data lines 40.
- the control arrangement evaluates the data from the load sensors 38 and controls the support cylinders, preferably also depending on the recorded data, in order to position the tunnel formwork 37 optimally and to actuate concrete pumps for filling the space between the tunnel wall and the tunnel formwork 37 in such a way that no excessive loads occur the support cylinders or the tunnel formwork elements 33 come.
- each support strut 32a-f are provided with hydraulically actuated rams 34, which are controlled in such a way that they are supported on the tunnel walls, with which all the longitudinal beams 32a-f between them and the supporting structures 18 are firmly defined in their position, which to reproducible formwork results.
- the control module 42 preferably includes a cab 46, preferably having at least one window 48, in which the control assembly 44 is positioned. In this way, it is effectively protected against the dirt and moisture of the construction site.
- the control module 42 can be positioned anywhere on the tunnel formwork device 10 . It can preferably be connected to the supporting structure 18 or to a frame part 16a,b of an end or intermediate module 12a,b, 14a-g.
- the control arrangement is connected to the hydraulic system for actuating all support cylinders and to concrete pumps for filling the cavity between the tunnel wall and the tunnel formwork 37 in order to optimally control the tunnel formwork process.
- the working platforms 22a-d which are movably held on the end modules 16a, 16b, preferably protrude beyond the supporting structures or supporting legs 18 at the front, so that the ends of the tunnel formwork 37 and the entire tunnel formwork device 10 can be viewed well.
- figure 5 shows the cross-section of the Figures 1 to 4 shown tunnel formwork device 10 in more detail than 4 .
- Identical or functionally identical parts are provided with the identical reference symbols in all figures.
- FIG. 6 to 9 different working positions of the working platform 22a are shown, which show how comprehensively each of the four working platforms 22a-d at both ends of the tunnel formwork device covers one complete half of the tunnel cross section or working area of the tunnel formwork device.
- the working platform 22a-d can be moved away from it under the frame 20, over the frame 20 and to the side, so that the entire corresponding tunnel formwork 37 can be inspected, as well as the corresponding parts 26, 28, 30, 32, 33, 34 of the tunnel formwork device 10.
- On the components 26, 28, 30, 32 only visual inspections can be made from the working platforms, but rather none assembly or revision work.
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung (10), umfassend:
- einen Rahmen (20),
- wenigstens zwei mit dem Rahmen (20) der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung (10) verbindbare in Längsrichtung der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung voneinander beabstandete Tragstrukturen (18) zur Abstützung des Rahmens (20) an einem Tunnelboden (35),
wobei der Rahmen (20) an wenigstens zwei in Längsrichtung voneinander beabstandeten Positionen jeweils wenigstens zwei hydraulische Stützzylinder (26a,b, 28a,b, 30a,b) trägt, welche Stützzylinder mit in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Längsträgern (32a-f) verbindbar sind, welche Längsträger (32a-f) Tunnelschalungselemente (33) der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung (10) tragen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem Rahmen (20) wenigstens eine Hebevorrichtung (24) angeordnet ist, die wenigstens eine Arbeitsplattform (22a-d) trägt, wobei die Hebevorrichtung (24) einen Hebeantrieb (27) zum Verfahren der Arbeitsplattform (22a-d) gegenüber dem Rahmen (20) aufweist.
The invention relates to a tunnel formwork device (10), comprising:
- a frame (20),
- at least two support structures (18) which can be connected to the frame (20) of the tunnel formwork device (10) and are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device, for supporting the frame (20) on a tunnel floor (35),
the frame (20) carrying at least two hydraulic support cylinders (26a,b, 28a,b, 30a,b) at at least two longitudinally spaced positions, which support cylinders can be connected to longitudinal side members (32a-f) which Longitudinal beams (32a-f) carry tunnel formwork elements (33) of the tunnel formwork device (10),
characterized in that at least one lifting device (24) is arranged on the frame (20) and carries at least one working platform (22a-d), the lifting device (24) having a lifting drive (27) for moving the working platform (22a-d) compared to the frame (20).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine modulare Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung zur Betonauskleidung von Tunnelwänden. Die Tunnelschalung wird dabei von einem Rahmen der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung über hydraulische Stützzylinder getragen. Die Überprüfung der exakten Ausrichtung und Ansteuerung der Stützzylinder und die Überprüfung des exakten Sitzes der Tunnelschalung gestaltet sich aufgrund der beengten Verhältnisse im Tunnel manchmal schwierig.The invention relates to a modular tunnel formwork device for lining tunnel walls with concrete. The tunnel formwork is carried by a frame of the tunnel formwork device via hydraulic support cylinders. Checking the exact alignment and control of the support cylinders and checking the exact fit of the tunnel formwork is sometimes difficult due to the cramped conditions in the tunnel.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung zu schaffen, die eine leichtere Überprüfung ihrer Komponenten und des Schalungsvorgangs ermöglicht.It is therefore the object of the invention to create a tunnel formwork device which enables easier checking of its components and of the formwork process.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind auch in der Beschreibung und in den Figuren offenbart.This object is achieved by a tunnel formwork device according to claim 1. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are also disclosed in the description and in the figures.
Die erfindungsgemäße Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung enthält einen Rahmen und wenigstens zwei mit dem Rahmen verbindbare in Längsrichtung der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung voneinander beabstandete Tragstrukturen zur Abstützung des Rahmens an einem Tunnelboden.The tunnel formwork device according to the invention contains a frame and at least two support structures, which can be connected to the frame and are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device, for supporting the frame on a tunnel floor.
Der Rahmen trägt an wenigstens zwei in Längsrichtung voneinander beabstandeten Positionen jeweils wenigstens zwei hydraulische Stützzylinder, welche mit in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Längsträgern verbindbar sind, die wiederum Tunnelschalungselemente der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung tragen. Gemäß der Erfindung ist an dem Rahmen, vorzugsweise an wenigstens einem Ende des Rahmens, eine Hebevorrichtung angeordnet, die eine Arbeitsplattform trägt, wobei die Hebevorrichtung einen Hebeantrieb aufweist, zumindest zum höhenverstellbaren Verfahren der Arbeitsplattform gegenüber dem Rahmen, vorzugsweise jedoch auch zum seitlichen Verfahren gegenüber dem Rahmen.The frame carries at least two longitudinally spaced positions in each case at least two hydraulic support cylinders, which can be connected to longitudinal beams running in the longitudinal direction, which in turn carry tunnel formwork elements of the tunnel formwork device. According to the invention, a lifting device is arranged on the frame, preferably on at least one end of the frame, which carries a working platform, the lifting device having a lifting drive, at least for the height-adjustable movement of the working platform relative to the frame, but preferably also for the lateral movement relative to the Frame.
Auf diese Weise wird an der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung selbst eine Möglichkeit geschaffen, die korrekte Einstellung von Komponenten, wie der hydraulischen Stützzylinder, die richtige Lage der Längsträger und der Tunnelschalungselemente zu überprüfen und damit den Schalungsvorgang qualitativ abzusichern. Von der Arbeitsplattform aus können sogar leichte Arbeiten an der Tunnelwandung, z.B. zur Befestigung von Komponenten der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung ausgeführt werden. Wenn die Arbeitsplattform am Ende des Rahmens angeordnet ist, kann der gesamte Arbeitsbereich der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung einfacher abgefahren werden, ohne dass das Verfahren der Arbeitsplattform durch dem Rahmen der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung und/oder deren Komponenten beeinträchtigt wird.In this way, a possibility is created on the tunnel formwork device itself to check the correct setting of components, such as the hydraulic support cylinder, the correct position of the longitudinal beams and the tunnel formwork elements, and thus to ensure the quality of the formwork process. Even light work on the tunnel wall, for example to fasten components of the tunnel formwork device, can be carried out from the working platform. If the work platform is placed at the end of the frame, the entire Working area of the tunnel formwork device can be removed more easily without the process of the working platform being affected by the frame of the tunnel formwork device and/or its components.
Vorzugsweise ist die Hebevorrichtung zudem ausgebildet für ein horizontales Verfahren der Arbeitsplattform gegenüber dem Rahmen. Auf diese Weise kann die Arbeitsplattform den gesamten Wirkungsbereich der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung abfahren bis an die Tunnelwände und -decke, um auf diese Weise eine Überprüfung und gegebenenfalls manuelle Korrektur oder Reparatur von Komponenten der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung, wie z.B. der Stützzylinder, der Längsträger, der Tunnelschalungselemente, oder der Anschlüsse der Betonpumpen zu ermöglichen.In addition, the lifting device is preferably designed for a horizontal movement of the working platform in relation to the frame. In this way, the working platform can cover the entire effective range of the tunnel formwork device up to the tunnel walls and ceiling in order to be able to check and, if necessary, manually correct or repair components of the tunnel formwork device, such as the support cylinder, the longitudinal beam, the tunnel formwork elements, or the to allow connections of the concrete pumps.
Vorzugsweise ist, insbesondere an den beiden Enden und im Falle eines modularen Aufbaus des Rahmens, an dessen Endmodulen die wenigstens eine Arbeitsplattform über die hydraulische Hebevorrichtung höhenverstellbar und/oder seitlich verstellbar getragen. Auf diese Weise kann die korrekte Ausbildung der Tunnelschalung an allen Stellen überprüft werden. Zudem hilft diese wenigstens eine bewegbare Arbeitsplattform bei der Positionierung der Tunnelschalungselemente und bei Wartungs- oder Montagearbeiten. Die Hebevorrichtungen sind vorzugsweise über eine/die gemeinsame Steuerungsanordnung der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung oder separat über Steuerungen der Arbeitsplattformen ansteuerbar.The at least one working platform is preferably carried in a height-adjustable and/or laterally adjustable manner via the hydraulic lifting device, in particular at the two ends and in the case of a modular structure of the frame. In this way, the correct formation of the tunnel formwork can be checked at all points. In addition, this at least one movable work platform helps in the positioning of the tunnel formwork elements and in maintenance or assembly work. The lifting devices can preferably be controlled via a/the common control arrangement of the tunnel formwork device or separately via controls for the working platforms.
Vorzugsweise ist der Hebeantrieb als elektrischer oder hydraulischer Antrieb ausgebildet ist, welcher im schmutzigen Baustellenbereich eines Tunnels zuverlässig arbeitet und hohe Kräfte aufbringen kann, so dass auf der Arbeitsplattform mehrere Arbeiter und Werkzeug transportiert werden können.The lifting drive is preferably designed as an electric or hydraulic drive, which works reliably in the dirty construction site area of a tunnel and can apply high forces, so that several workers and tools can be transported on the working platform.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung umfasst die Hebevorrichtung zwei schwenkbar miteinander verbundene Tragarme. Auf diese Weise wird ein großer Arbeitsbereich der Arbeitsplattform über den gesamten Tunnelquerschnitt, zumindest oberhalb des Rahmens erzielt. Beim Verwenden von zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Arbeitsplattformen erstreckt sich der Arbeitsbereich einer Arbeitsplattform vorzugsweise wenigstens über die Hälfte des Tunnelquerschnitts zumindest oberhalb des Rahmens.In an advantageous development of the invention, the lifting device comprises two support arms which are pivotably connected to one another. In this way, a large working area of the working platform is achieved over the entire tunnel cross-section, at least above the frame. When using two working platforms arranged next to one another, the working area of a working platform preferably extends over at least half of the tunnel cross section, at least above the frame.
In diesem Fall sind die Tragarme vorzugsweise sowohl mit dem Rahmen als auch mit der Arbeitsplattform schwenkbar verbunden, um so einen weiten Arbeitsbereich bei exakt horizontal ausgerichteter Arbeitsplattform sicherzustellen.In this case, the support arms are preferably pivotally connected both to the frame and to the work platform in order to ensure a wide working area with the work platform aligned exactly horizontally.
Vorzugsweise sind in diesem Fall die Tragarme über hydraulische Zylinder des Hebeantriebs relativ zum Rahmen und zueinander schwenkbar angetrieben, was antriebsseitig wenig verschmutzungsanfällig ist und zudem die erforderlichen Kräfte zum Verfahren der Arbeitsplattform bereitstellt.In this case, the support arms are preferably driven via hydraulic cylinders of the lifting drive so that they can pivot relative to the frame and to one another, which is less susceptible to dirt on the drive side and also provides the necessary forces for moving the working platform.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist an jedem Längsende des Rahmens wenigstens eine Arbeitsplattform angeordnet, was den Vorteil hat, dass die Tunnelschalung an beiden Enden der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung inspiziert werden kann.In an advantageous development of the invention, at least one working platform is arranged at each longitudinal end of the frame, which has the advantage that the tunnel formwork can be inspected at both ends of the tunnel formwork device.
Vorzugsweise sind an wenigstens einem Längsende des Rahmen zwei Arbeitsplattformen angeordnet, die jeweils eine Hälfte des Tunnelquerschnitts in ihrem Arbeits- oder Verstellbereich abdecken. Auf diese Weise wird der Arbeitsbereich der Arbeitsplattform durch den Rahmen nicht beeinträchtigt, da sich dieser seitlich und nach oben vom Rahmen weg erstreckt.Two work platforms are preferably arranged on at least one longitudinal end of the frame, each of which covers one half of the tunnel cross section in its work or adjustment area. In this way the working area of the work platform is not affected by the frame as it extends laterally and upwardly away from the frame.
In diesem Fall sind vorzugsweise die beiden Arbeitsplattformen symmetrisch zu einer zentralen Längsachse des Rahmens angeordnet, so dass beide identisch ausgebildet sein können, und die Aufteilung des Arbeitsbereichs der Arbeitsplattformen in Querrichtung der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung klar definiert ist.In this case, the two working platforms are preferably arranged symmetrically to a central longitudinal axis of the frame, so that both can be of identical design and the division of the working area of the working platforms in the transverse direction of the tunnel formwork device is clearly defined.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung umfasst der Verfahrbereich der Arbeitsplattform in Querrichtung des Rahmens die Verstellbereiche aller Stützzylinder, zumindest auf einer Seite des Rahmens, und ist damit in der Lage den gesamten Wirkungsbereich der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung abzudecken.In an advantageous development of the invention, the travel range of the working platform in the transverse direction of the frame includes the adjustment ranges of all support cylinders, at least on one side of the frame, and is therefore able to cover the entire effective range of the tunnel formwork device.
Vorzugsweise weisen die Tragstrukturen Standfüße mit Rollen auf, die zum Verfahren der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung in ihrer Längsrichtung ausgebildet sind. Auf diese Weise kann die Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung den Tunnel entlangfahren und mit der wenigstens einen Arbeitsplattform kann jede Stelle des Tunnels angefahren werdenPreferably, the support structures have feet with rollers, which are designed to move the tunnel formwork device in its longitudinal direction. In this way, the tunnel formwork device can travel along the tunnel and the at least one working platform can be used to approach any point in the tunnel
Vorzugsweise überragt die Arbeitsplattform die Tragstrukturen des Rahmens und/oder den Rahmen stirnseitig, was es ermöglicht, die Arbeitsplattform über den gesamten Tunnelquerschnitt zu verfahren, auch an Stellen, wo über die Länge der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung der Rahmen angeordnet ist.The working platform preferably protrudes beyond the supporting structures of the frame and/or the frame at the end, which makes it possible to extend the working platform over the entire cross section of the tunnel procedure, also in places where the frame is arranged along the length of the tunnel formwork device.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung umfassen die Tragstrukturen höhenverstellbare Tragbeine. Somit kann die Arbeitsplattform zusätzlich über die Verstellung der Höhe der Tragbeine in ihrem Arbeitsbereich beeinflusst werden.In an advantageous development of the invention, the support structures include height-adjustable support legs. In this way, the working platform can also be influenced in its working area by adjusting the height of the supporting legs.
Vorzugsweise weist die Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung eine Steuerungsanordnung zumindest für den Hebeantrieb der Hebevorrichtung auf, die mit einem an der Arbeitsplattform angeordneten Eingabegerät für die Steuerung des Hebeantriebs verbunden ist. Auf diese Weise kann das Verfahren der Arbeitsplattform von dieser aus bedientechnisch einfach gesteuert werden.The tunnel formwork device preferably has a control arrangement at least for the lifting drive of the lifting device, which is connected to an input device arranged on the working platform for controlling the lifting drive. In this way, the movement of the working platform can be easily controlled from the operating platform.
Vorzugsweise umfasst die Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung wenigstens zwei Module, vorzugsweise wenigstens drei in Längsrichtung der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung miteinander verbundene Module umfasst, die miteinander zu dem Rahmen verbindbar sind. Durch die wenigstens zwei Module, vorzugsweise durch wenigstens drei in Längsrichtung der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung miteinander verbundene Module wird somit eine Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung gebildet, deren Länge durch die Anzahl der verwendeten Module einstellbar ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Länge der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung durch die Anzahl der gewählten Zwischenmodule individuell beliebig einstellbar ist. Es ist anzumerken, dass die Längsrichtung der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung mit der Tunnelrichtung übereinstimmt.The tunnel formwork device preferably comprises at least two modules, preferably at least three modules which are connected to one another in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device and can be connected to one another to form the frame. The at least two modules, preferably at least three modules connected to one another in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device thus form a tunnel formwork device whose length can be adjusted by the number of modules used. This has the advantage that the length of the tunnel formwork device can be individually adjusted as desired by the number of intermediate modules selected. It should be noted that the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device coincides with the tunneling direction.
Optional kann auch es vorgesehen sein, dass die Breite jedes Moduls, zum Beispiel durch Adapterstücke oder durch einen hydraulischen Stellmechanismus, variierbar ist, so dass nicht nur die Länge der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung in Tunnellängsrichtung, sondern auch die Breite der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung entsprechend der Breite der Module einstellbar ist. Die Arbeitsbreite der Module kann einfach auch durch eine entsprechende Verstellung der Tragstrukturen und der längenverstellbaren hydraulischen Stützzylinder so variiert werden, so dass sowohl schmale als auch breite Tunnelformen geschalt werden können. Die Tunnelform wird dabei durch eine entsprechende Einstellung der Länge der Stützzylinder eingestellt, die vorzugsweise hydraulisch teleskopierbar sind. Durch eine entsprechende Variierung der Standbreite der Tragstrukturen, die vorzugsweise sowohl in ihrem Abstand in Querrichtung als auch in ihrer Höhe einstellbar sind, kann eine angepasste Standsicherheit auch bei breiten Tunnels erzielt werden. Die vertikalen Stützzylinder müssen nicht hydraulisch längenverstellbar sein, da die Höhenseinstellung der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung auch über die Tragstruktur realisiert werden kann.Optionally, it can also be provided that the width of each module can be varied, for example by adapter pieces or by a hydraulic adjusting mechanism, so that not only the length of the tunnel formwork device in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, but also the width of the tunnel formwork device can be adjusted according to the width of the modules . The working width of the modules can also be easily varied by adjusting the support structures and the length-adjustable hydraulic support cylinders so that both narrow and wide tunnel shapes can be formed. The tunnel shape is adjusted by appropriately adjusting the length of the support cylinders, which are preferably hydraulically telescoping. By correspondingly varying the width of the supporting structures, which can preferably be adjusted both in terms of their spacing in the transverse direction and also in terms of their height, an adapted stability can be achieved even in wide tunnels. The vertical support cylinders do not have to be hydraulically adjustable in length, since the height of the tunnel formwork device can also be adjusted via the support structure.
Durch die Tatsache, dass die gesamte Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung modular aufgebaut ist, lässt sie sich vergleichsweise einfach, das heißt durch übliche Transportfahrzeuge, wie Sattelschlepper-LKWs oder Sattelaufleger von Güterzügen, transportieren. Wenn zum Beispiel die Länge eines Moduls in Tunnelrichtung zwischen 1 und 4 m liegt und die Breite zwischen 3 m und 10 m, so können herkömmliche Sattelschlepper für den Transport der Module verwendet werden, weil die maximalen Breiten- und Längenbestimmungen für die Transporte nicht überschritten werden.Due to the fact that the entire tunnel formwork device has a modular structure, it can be transported comparatively easily, ie by conventional transport vehicles such as articulated lorries or semi-trailers of freight trains. For example, if the length of a module in the direction of the tunnel is between 1 and 4 m and the width between 3 m and 10 m, conventional articulated lorries can be used to transport the modules because the maximum width and length specifications for the transports are not exceeded .
Vorzugsweise umfassen die Module zwei Endmodule, welche in Längsrichtung die beiden Enden der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung bilden, und wenigstens ein zwischen den Endmodulen anzuordnendes Zwischenmodul, welches form- und/oder kraftschlüssig mit wenigstens einem der beiden Endmodule verbindbar ist. Die Endmodule können so zielgerichtet auf die Tragfunktion ausgebildet werden, z.B. zur Befestigung der Tragstrukturen, während die Zwischenmodule für die Abstützung der Tunnelschalung durch die Stützzylinder und die Längsträger ausgebildet sind. Dies verteilt die unterschiedlichen notwendigen Funktionen der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung wie Tragfunktion und Stützfunktion der Tunnelschalung auf unterschiedliche Modularten, was ökonomischer und leistungsfähiger ist, als wenn ein Modul alle diese Funktionen erfüllen muss.The modules preferably include two end modules, which form the two ends of the tunnel formwork device in the longitudinal direction, and at least one intermediate module to be arranged between the end modules, which can be positively and/or non-positively connected to at least one of the two end modules. The end modules can be designed specifically for the load-bearing function, e.g. for fastening the load-bearing structures, while the intermediate modules are designed to support the tunnel formwork with the support cylinders and the longitudinal beams. This distributes the different necessary functions of the tunnel formwork device, such as the load-bearing function and support function of the tunnel formwork, to different types of modules, which is more economical and more efficient than if one module had to fulfill all these functions.
Vorzugsweise ist die Tragstruktur höhenverstellbar und ist insbesondere durch hydraulisch teleskopierbare Tragbeine gebildet ist. Die Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung kann somit an unterschiedliche Tunnelhöhen angepasst werden. Vorzugsweise ist auch der Abstand der Tragbeine quer zur Tunnelrichtung einstellbar, so dass die Tragstruktur an unterschiedliche Tunnelbreiten anpassbar ist. Die vertikalen Stützzylinder brauchen bei einer Höhenverstellbarkeit der Tragstrukturen nicht notwendigerweise als hydraulisch längenverstellbare Stützzylinder ausgebildet sein, da dann die Höhenanpassung über die Tragstrukturen realisiert werden kann. Die Höhenverstellbarkeit hat auch den Vorteil, dass die Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung mit verringerter Höhe, d.h. abgesenkt in den Tunnel einfahren kann, so dass die Tunnelschalung nicht mit bereits verschalten Tunnelabschnitten kollidiert.The support structure is preferably height-adjustable and is formed in particular by hydraulically telescoping support legs. The tunnel formwork device can thus be adapted to different tunnel heights. Preferably, the distance between the supporting legs can also be adjusted transversely to the direction of the tunnel, so that the supporting structure can be adapted to different tunnel widths. If the height of the support structures can be adjusted, the vertical support cylinders do not necessarily have to be in the form of hydraulically length-adjustable support cylinders, since the height adjustment can then be implemented via the support structures. The height adjustability also has the advantage that the tunnel formwork device can be driven into the tunnel at a reduced height, i.e. lowered, so that the tunnel formwork does not collide with tunnel sections that have already been lined.
Vorzugsweise sind die Stützzylinder mit Lastsensoren verbunden, so dass man die durch jeden Stützzylinder abgefangene Last an einer zentralen Steuerungsanordnung überwachen kann und gegebenenfalls durch die entsprechende Ansteuerung der Stützzylinder Druckspitzen abbauen kann. Hierbei ist vorzugsweise natürlich jeder Stützzylinder mit einem Lastsensor versehen. Das Abbauen der Druckspitzen erfolgt durch Steuerung der Betoniergeschwindigkeit.The support cylinders are preferably connected to load sensors, so that the load absorbed by each support cylinder can be monitored at a central control arrangement and, if necessary, pressure peaks can be reduced by appropriately controlling the support cylinders. In this case, of course, each support cylinder is preferably provided with a load sensor. The pressure peaks are reduced by controlling the concreting speed.
Vorzugsweise ist wenigstens einer der wenigstens zwei Stützzylinder schwenkbar an dem Rahmen beziehungsweise dem Rahmenteil eines Moduls angelenkt, so dass die Abstützungspunkte für die Tunnelschalungselemente den örtlichen Gegebenheiten entsprechend angepasst werden können. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Stützstrebe mit den Stützzylindern über einen Schwenkmechanismus verbunden sein, so dass die Längsträger die Tunnelschalungselemente optimal hintergreifen können, auch wenn die Abstützung durch die Stützzylinder nicht exakt senkrecht von unten erfolgt.Preferably, at least one of the at least two support cylinders is pivoted to the frame or the frame part of a module, so that the support points for the tunnel formwork elements can be adapted to local conditions. Alternatively or additionally, the support strut can be connected to the support cylinders via a pivoting mechanism, so that the longitudinal beams can optimally grip the tunnel formwork elements from behind, even if the support by the support cylinders is not exactly vertical from below.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung haben die Längsträger insbesondere an ihren Enden hydraulisch betätigte Stempel zur Abstützung an der Tunnelwand beziehungsweise der Tunneldecke. Hierdurch sind die Längsträger absolut unbeweglich zwischen den Tragstrukturen des Rahmens der Tunnelvorrichtung und den Stempeln fixiert, die hydraulisch angesteuert fest an den Tunnelwänden beziehungsweise der Tunneldecke anliegen. Beim hinterfüllen der Tunnelschalungselemente mit Beton kommt es also zu keiner räumlichen Veränderung der Lage der Tunnelschalungselemente, weil diese absolut ortsfest eingespannt sind.In an advantageous development of the invention, the longitudinal beams have hydraulically actuated rams, in particular at their ends, for support on the tunnel wall or the tunnel ceiling. As a result, the longitudinal beams are fixed absolutely immovably between the support structures of the frame of the tunnel device and the rams, which are hydraulically controlled and firmly in contact with the tunnel walls or the tunnel ceiling. When backfilling the tunnel formwork elements with concrete, there is no spatial change in the position of the tunnel formwork elements because they are clamped in an absolutely stationary manner.
Vorzugsweise ist jede Tragstruktur durch jeweils zwei Tragbeine gebildet, die mit dem Rahmen, vorzugsweise mit den in Längsrichtung äußersten Rahmenteilen der Endmodule beziehungsweise Zwischenmodule, lösbar verbindbar sind. So können beispielsweise nur die Endmodule die Befestigungsstrukturen für die Tragstrukturen bzw. Tragbeine aufweisen, was zum einen sicherstellt, dass die Tragstrukturen an den beiden Enden der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung angeordnet sind, und damit die dazwischen angeordnete Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung sicher abstützen. Zum anderen können so die Zwischenmodule nur jene Strukturen aufweisen, die zur Abstützung der Tunnelschalung erforderlich sind, das heißt die hydraulischen Stützzylinder. Wie bereits ausgeführt, sind diese Beine sowohl höhenverstellbar als auch in ihrem Abstand verstellbar.Each support structure is preferably formed by two support legs, which can be detachably connected to the frame, preferably to the frame parts, which are outermost in the longitudinal direction, of the end modules or intermediate modules. For example, only the end modules can have the fastening structures for the supporting structures or supporting legs, which ensures on the one hand that the supporting structures are arranged at the two ends of the tunnel formwork device and thus securely support the tunnel formwork device arranged between them. On the other hand, the intermediate modules can only have those structures that are required to support the tunnel formwork, ie the hydraulic support cylinders. As already stated, these legs are adjustable in height as well as in their distance.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung tragen nur die Rahmenteile der Zwischenmodule die hydraulischen Stützzylinder und die Rahmenteile der Endmodule jeweils wenigstens eine Arbeitsplattform und die Tragstrukturen, wobei die Arbeitsplattform die Tragstrukturen stirnseitig überragt.In an advantageous development of the invention, only the frame parts of the intermediate modules carry the hydraulic support cylinders and the frame parts of the end modules each carry at least one working platform and the supporting structures, with the working platform projecting beyond the supporting structures at the front.
Um einen einfachen Aufbau der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung zu gewährleisten, hat jedes Modul, vorzugsweise jedes End- und Zwischenmodul, integrierte Anschlüsse für Pneumatik und/oder Hydraulik und/oder Elektrik.In order to ensure a simple construction of the tunnel formwork device, each module, preferably each end and intermediate module, has integrated connections for pneumatics and/or hydraulics and/or electrics.
Die hydraulischen Stützzylinder sind mit den Längsträgern über wenigstens einen Bolzen, insbesondere einen konischen Bolzen, verbunden, um so die feste Verbindung von hydraulischem Stützzylinder und Stützstrebe sicherzustellen.The hydraulic support cylinders are connected to the side members via at least one bolt, in particular a conical bolt, in order to ensure that the hydraulic support cylinder and the support strut are firmly connected.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung hat die Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung ein Steuerungsmodul mit einer Steuerungsanordnung für die Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung, die vorzugsweise mit dem Rahmen verbindbar ist. Das Steuerungsmodul kann zum Beispiel durch eine Kabine der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung oder einen Schaltkasten gebildet sein, in der die Steuerungsanordnung angeordnet ist, um dort zum einen einfach bedient zu werden und zum anderen um diese vor dem Schmutz und der Feuchtigkeit in dem Tunnel zu schützen. Diese Steuerungsanordnung hat dann alle notwendigen Schnittstellen für die Hydraulik, Elektrik und Pneumatik aller Module und ist in der Lage, die Kraftmessdaten von den Lastsensoren der Stützzylinder zu erhalten und die Einstellung und Betätigung der Stützzylinder zentral für die gesamte Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung durchzuführen. Die Steuerungsanordnung ist vorzugsweise auch für die Ansteuerung der Hebevorrichtung ausgebildet, insbesondere über ein Eingabegerät an der Arbeitsplattform oder optional auch durch mobile Endgeräte.In an advantageous development of the invention, the tunnel formwork device has a control module with a control arrangement for the tunnel formwork device, which can preferably be connected to the frame. The control module can be formed, for example, by a cabin of the tunnel formwork device or a switch box in which the control arrangement is arranged in order to be operated easily there and to protect it from dirt and moisture in the tunnel. This control arrangement then has all the necessary interfaces for the hydraulics, electrics and pneumatics of all modules and is able to receive the force measurement data from the load sensors of the support cylinders and to carry out the setting and actuation of the support cylinders centrally for the entire tunnel formwork device. The control arrangement is preferably also designed for controlling the lifting device, in particular via an input device on the work platform or optionally also via mobile terminals.
Die Arbeitsplattform(en) ist/sind vorzugsweise als Hebebühne mit einem Geländer ausgebildet, wobei das Eingabegerät für die Steuerung des Hebeantriebs der Hebevorrichtung vorzugsweise an dem Geländer angeordnet ist.The working platform(s) is/are preferably designed as a lifting platform with a railing, with the input device for controlling the lifting drive of the lifting device preferably being arranged on the railing.
Die Erfindung betrifft ebenfalls eine Tunnelbetoniereinrichtung umfassend eine Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung der obigen Art und wenigstens eine Betonpumpe, die von der/einer Steuerungsanordnung zur Ansteuerung der Stützzylinder der Tunnelbetoniereinrichtung angesteuert ist, wobei wenigstens eine Förderleitung der Betonpumpe mit dem Zwischenraum zwischen den Tunnelschalungselementen und der Tunnelwand verbunden ist. Die Betonpumpen sind vorzugsweise in Abhängigkeit von den Signalen von Lastsensoren steuerbar, die in Verbindung mit den Stützzylindern angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise kann ein Tunnel ziemlich beliebiger Querschnittsform und Länge effizient verschalt werden, wobei die Steuerung der Betonpumpen dynamisch dem Verfüllungsgrad des Zwischenraums zwischen Tunnelschalung und Tunnelwand Rechnung trägt.The invention also relates to a tunnel concreting device comprising a tunnel formwork device of the above type and at least one concrete pump, which is controlled by the/one control arrangement for controlling the support cylinders of the tunnel concreting device, with at least one delivery line of the concrete pump being connected to the space between the tunnel formwork elements and the tunnel wall. The concrete pumps are preferably controllable in dependence on the signals from load sensors arranged in connection with the support cylinders. In this way, a tunnel of almost any cross-sectional shape and length can be efficiently shuttered, with the control of the concrete pumps dynamically taking into account the degree of backfilling of the space between the tunnel formwork and the tunnel wall.
Folgende Begriffe werden synonym verwendet: Arbeitsplattform - Hebebühne; Hebevorrichtung - Tragvorrichtung; Antriebseinrichtung der Hebevorrichtung - Hebeantrieb;The following terms are used synonymously: working platform - lifting platform; lifting device - carrying device; Driving device of the lifting device - lifting drive;
Es ist für den Fachmann offensichtlich, dass die oben beschriebenen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung in beliebiger Weise miteinander kombiniert werden können.It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention described above can be combined with one another in any desired manner.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend schematisch in der beiliegenden Zeichnung beschrieben. In dieser zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer aus zwei Endmodulen und sieben Zwischenmodulen zusammengesetzten Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung,
- Fig. 2
- eine perspektivische Ansicht in Längsrichtung der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung,
- Fig. 3
- eine perspektivische Ansicht der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung aus
Fig. 1 von schräg unten, - Fig. 4
- eine Seitenansicht auf die Tunnelschalung, die von den Stützzylindern und den Längsträgern zur Tunnelwand hin positioniert wird, und
- Fig. 5
- eine stirnseitige Ansicht der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung von einem Längsende
- Fig. 6 - 9
- eine stirnseitige Ansicht mit den möglichen Arbeitsbereichen der Arbeitsplattformen
- 1
- a perspective view of a tunnel formwork device composed of two end modules and seven intermediate modules,
- 2
- a perspective view in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device,
- 3
- a perspective view of the tunnel formwork device
1 from diagonally below - 4
- a side view of the tunnel formwork positioned towards the tunnel wall by the support cylinders and the longitudinal beams, and
- figure 5
- an end view of the tunnel formwork device from a longitudinal end
- Figures 6 - 9
- a front view with the possible work areas of the work platforms
Die erfindungsgemäße Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung 10 ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel modular aufgebaut, was aber nicht notwendig ist. Sie wird nachfolgend anhand der
Über eine hydraulische Hebevorrichtung 24, vorzugsweise umfassend jeweils zwei schwenkbar miteinander verbundenen Tragarme 25a, 25b, die über einen Hebeantrieb 27 in Form mehrerer Hydraulikzylinder relativ zueinander und zum Rahmen 20 bewegbar sind, sind an den Rahmenteilen 16a der Endmodule 12a,b, die einen Bestandteil des Rahmens 20 bilden, jeweils zwei Arbeitsplattformen 22a,b bzw. 22c,d in Form von Hebebühnen gegenüber dem Rahmenteil 16a,b bzw. gegenüber dem Rahmen 20 heb- und senkbar als auch seitlich bewegbar gehalten. Somit können über diese Arbeitsplattformen 22a-d Inspektionen oder Montagearbeiten an den Tunnelschalungselementen 33, an den Stützzylindern 34 der Längsträgern 32a-f hrt 25a,b kann optional längenverstellbar, z.B. teleskopierbar sein, um somit abermals den Arbeitsbereich der Arbeitsplattform 22a-d vergrößern zu können. Im vorliegende Beispiel ist es der erste Tragarm 25a, der mit der Hebebühne 22a-d verbunden ist. Die Stützzylinder 26, 28, 30 können von den hydraulisch gesteuerten Arbeitplattformen eingesehen werdenVia a
Die Arbeitsplattform bzw. Hebebühne 22a,b,c,d hat ein Geländer 29, um die Arbeiter vor Herabfallen zu schützen. Der Hebeantrieb 27 bestehend aus einer Mehrzahl an hydraulischen Zylindern bewegt die beiden Tragarme 25a,b derart relativ zum Rahmen und zur Arbeitsplattform, dass letztere zumindest über den zugeordneten halben Querschnitt des Tunnels bzw. des Arbeitsbereichs der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung 10 bewegbar ist.The work platform or lifting
Der Rahmen 20 erstreckt sich zumindest annähernd über die gesamte Länge der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung 10. An dem Rahmen 20 sind vorzugsweise für jedes Zwischenmodul 14ag zwei vertikale hydraulische Stützzylinder 26a,b befestigt, so dass mit dem Anheben des Rahmens 20 über die hydraulischen Teleskopmechanismen 23 der Tragbeine 18 für die Höhenverstellung auch die vertikalen Stützzylinder 26a,b mit angehoben werden. Auf diese Weise können mit der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung 10 Tunnels unterschiedlicher Höhe verschalt und ausbetoniert werden. die vertikalen Stützzylinder brauchen daher nicht einmal hydraulisch und längenverstellbar sein.The
Die Arbeitsplattformen 22a,b,c,d sind vorzugsweise über Steuergeräte steuerbar, die an der Arbeitsplattform 22a,b,c,d bzw. ihrem Geländer 29 befestigt ist.The working
Jedes Rahmenteil 16b der Zwischenmodule 14a-g trägt jeweils zwei schräg nach unten weisende Stützzylinder 28a,b als auch zwei sich horizontal erstreckende Stützzylinder 30a,b, die sich bezogen auf die Tunnelmitte symmetrisch auf die einander abgewandten Tunnelseiten hin erstrecken. Die freien Enden der Stützzylinder 26a,b, 28a,b, 30a,b sind jeweils mit Längsträgern 32a-f verbunden, die wiederum kreisbogenförmige Tunnelschalungselemente 33 tragen (
Die Abstützung der Tunnelschalung 37 durch die Stützelemente 26a, 28a, 30a und durch die Stützzylinder 32a, 32b, 32c ist in
Es erübrigt sich zu sagen, dass vorzugsweise alle Stützzylinder 26a,b, 28a,b, 30a,b mit Lastsensoren 38 versehen sind, welche über Datenleitungen 40 mit der zentralen Steuerungsanordnung 44 eines Steuerungsmoduls 42 der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung 10 verbindbar sind. Die Steuerungsanordnung wertet die Daten der Lastsensoren 38 aus und steuert die Stützzylinder vorzugsweise auch in Abhängigkeit von den erfassten Daten an, um die Tunnelschalung 37 optimal zu positionieren und Betonpumpen zur Verfüllung des Raumes zwischen Tunnelwand und Tunnelschalung 37 derart zu betätigen, dass zu keinen Lastüberhöhungen auf die Stützzylinder oder die Tunnelschalungselemente 33 kommt. An der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung 10 sind sechs Längsträger 32a-f durch jeweils sieben hydraulische Stützzylinder 26a,b, 28a,b, 30a,b getragen, die mit den sieben einzelnen Zwischenmodulen 14a-g verbunden sind. Auf diese Weise können die Kräfte der Tunnelschalung 37 effektiv durch die Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung 10abgefangen werden, wobei die Krafteinleitung im Fahrzustand letztendlich über die Tragstrukturen 18 in den Tunnelboden 35 erfolgt. Die beiden Enden jeder Stützstrebe 32a-f sind mit hydraulisch betätigbaren Stempeln 34 versehen, die derart angesteuert werden, dass sie sich an den Tunnelwänden abstützen, womit alle Längsträger 32a-f zwischen diesen und den Tragstrukturen 18 in ihrer Lage fest definiert sind, was zu reproduzierbaren Schalungsergebnissen führt.Needless to say, all the
Das Steuerungsmodul 42 enthält vorzugsweise eine Kabine 46, vorzugsweise mit wenigstens einem Fenster 48, in welcher die Steuerungsanordnung 44 positioniert ist. Auf diese Weise ist sie wirksam gegen den Schmutz und die Feuchtigkeit der Baustelle geschützt. Das Steuerungsmodul 42 kann an beliebiger Stelle an der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung 10 positioniert sein. Vorzugsweise ist es mit der Tragstruktur 18 oder mit einem Rahmenteil 16a,b eines End- oder Zwischenmoduls 12a,b, 14a-g verbindbar. Die Steuerungsanordnung ist mit der Hydraulik zur Betätigung aller Stützzylinder und mit Betonpumpen zum Verfüllen des Hohlraums zwischen Tunnelwand und Tunnelschalung 37 verbunden, um den Tunnelschalungsvorgang optimal zu steuern.The
Die an den Endmodulen 16a, 16b verfahrbar gehaltenen Arbeitsplattformen 22a-d überragen vorzugsweise die Tragstrukturen beziehungsweise Tragbeine 18 stirnseitig, so dass die Enden der Tunnelschalung 37 und die gesamte Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung 10 gut überblickt werden können.The working
Dargestellt ist die komplette Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung 10 im Querschnitt mit dem auf den Tragbeinen 18 getragenen Rahmen 20, mit den an dem Rahmen 20 angeordneten Stützzylindern 26a,b, 28a,b und 30a,b, den an den Stützzylindern getragenen und sich in Längsrichtung der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung 10 (= Tunnelrichtung) erstreckenden Längsträgern 32a-f, den dazwischen aufgespannten Tunnelschalungselementen 33, die zusammen die Tunnelschalung 37 bilden.The complete
In den Figuren
Die vorliegende Erfindung ist nicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, sondern kann innerhalb des Schutzbereichs der nachfolgenden Ansprüche beliebig variiert werden.The present invention is not limited to the embodiment but can be varied at will within the scope of the following claims.
- 1010
- Tunnelschalungsvorrichtungtunnel formwork device
- 12a,b12a,b
- Endmoduleend modules
- 14a-g14a-g
- Zwischenmoduleintermediate modules
- 16a16a
- Rahmenteil der EndmoduleFrame part of the end modules
- 16b16b
- Rahmenteil der ZwischenmoduleFrame part of the intermediate modules
- 1818
- Tragstrukturen - TragbeineSupport structures - support legs
- 1919
- mit Rollen versehene Standfüße der Tragbeinesupporting feet provided with rollers
- 2020
- aus den Rahmenteilen der End- und Zwischenmodule gebildeter Rahmen der TunnelschalungsvorrichtungFrame of the tunnel formwork device formed from the frame parts of the end and intermediate modules
- 2121
- horizontaler hydraulischer Teleskopmechanismus oder Adapterstücke zur Breitenanpassung, d.h. zur Anpassung des gegenseitigen Abstandes der Tragbeine in Querrichtunghorizontal hydraulic telescopic mechanism or adapter pieces for width adjustment, i.e. for adjusting the mutual distance between the support legs in the transverse direction
- 22a-d22a-d
- gegenüber dem Rahmen bzw. den Rahmenteile der Endmodule verfahrbare Arbeitsplattformen oder Hebebühnen, jeweils zwei an jedem EndmodulWork platforms or lifting platforms that can be moved in relation to the frame or the frame parts of the end modules, two on each end module
- 2323
- vertikaler hydraulischer Teleskopmechanismus zur Höhenverstellung der Tragstruktur bzw. Tragbeinevertical hydraulic telescopic mechanism for height adjustment of the supporting structure or supporting legs
- 2424
- hydraulische Hebevorrichtung für die Arbeitsplattformen, insbesondere angeordnet an den Rahmenteilen der EndmoduleHydraulic lifting device for the work platforms, in particular arranged on the frame parts of the end modules
- 25a,b25a,b
- zwei miteinander gelenkig verbundene Tragarme der Hebevorrichtung zum vertikalen und seitlichen Bewegen der Arbeitsplattform relativ zum Rahmen, wovon der erste mit der Arbeitsplattform verbundene Tragarm längenverstellbar isttwo articulated support arms of the lifting device for vertically and laterally moving the work platform relative to the frame, of which the first support arm connected to the work platform is adjustable in length
- 26a,b26a,b
- vertikale Stützzylinder, insbesondere hydraulisch oder nicht längenverstellbare Stützstreben, vorzugsweise in einem festen Winkel an dem Rahmen befestigtvertical support cylinders, in particular hydraulically or non-length-adjustable support struts, preferably attached to the frame at a fixed angle
- 2727
- hydraulischer Hebeantrieb der Hebevorrichtung, umfassend eine Vielzahl von hydraulischen Zylindernhydraulic lifting drive of the lifting device, comprising a plurality of hydraulic cylinders
- 28a,b28a,b
- schräg nach unten gerichtete Stützzylinder, insbesondere hydraulischSupport cylinders directed obliquely downwards, in particular hydraulic
- 2929
- Geländer der ArbeitsplattformRailing of the working platform
- 30a,b30a,b
- horizontale Stützzylinder, insbesondere hydraulischhorizontal support cylinders, in particular hydraulic
- 32a-f32a-f
- in Längsrichtung der Tunnelschalungsvorrichtung verlaufende Längsträgern zur Abstützung der Tunnelschalungselementelongitudinal beams running in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device for supporting the tunnel formwork elements
- 3333
- kreisbogenförmige Tunnelschalungselementearcuate tunnel formwork elements
- 3434
- hydraulisch betätigbare Stempel an den Längsträgern zur Abstützung an der Tunnelwand - AbstützstempelHydraulically operated stamps on the longitudinal beams for support on the tunnel wall - support stamp
- 3535
- Tunnelbodentunnel floor
- 3636
- Bodenstützelementfloor support element
- 3737
- Tunnelschalungtunnel formwork
- 3838
- Lastsensorenload sensors
- 4040
- DatenverbindungData Connection
- 4242
- Steuerungsmodulcontrol module
- 4444
- Steuerungsanordnungcontrol arrangement
- 4646
- Kabinecabin
- 4848
- FensterWindow
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
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US18/062,199 US20230220773A1 (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2022-12-06 | Modular tunnel formwork device |
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EP22150523.3A EP4209655B1 (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2022-01-07 | Modular tunnel formwork device |
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EP22152345.9A Active EP4209656B1 (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2022-01-20 | Modular tunnel formwork device |
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US (2) | US20230220773A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP4209655B1 (en) |
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CN118143656A (en) * | 2024-05-13 | 2024-06-07 | 山西新能正源智能装备有限公司 | Three folding truss arch frame jig |
Citations (3)
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CN107130978A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-05 | 中铁隧道集团四处有限公司 | Combined type working jumbo for tunnel lining |
CN107965337A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-27 | 湖南五新隧道智能装备股份有限公司 | A kind of lining construction method and its lining trolley of use |
CN112780309A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-11 | 四川蓝海智能装备制造有限公司 | Tunnel construction is with encircleing platform truck that spouts |
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CN105422137B (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2017-09-22 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Large-clearance modular lining trolley for tunnel |
CN106640131B (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2019-01-18 | 中国人民解放军63926部队 | A kind of modular variable cross-section tunnel lining trolley |
KR20190140266A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2019-12-19 | 주식회사 서진기계 | The steel formwork for tunnels with workwalk for workers |
-
2022
- 2022-01-07 EP EP22150523.3A patent/EP4209655B1/en active Active
- 2022-01-07 ES ES22150523T patent/ES2970580T3/en active Active
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- 2022-01-20 EP EP22152345.9A patent/EP4209656B1/en active Active
- 2022-01-20 DK DK22152345.9T patent/DK4209656T3/en active
- 2022-01-20 FI FIEP22152345.9T patent/FI4209656T3/en active
- 2022-12-06 US US18/062,199 patent/US20230220773A1/en active Pending
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107130978A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-05 | 中铁隧道集团四处有限公司 | Combined type working jumbo for tunnel lining |
CN107965337A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-27 | 湖南五新隧道智能装备股份有限公司 | A kind of lining construction method and its lining trolley of use |
CN112780309A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-11 | 四川蓝海智能装备制造有限公司 | Tunnel construction is with encircleing platform truck that spouts |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN118143656A (en) * | 2024-05-13 | 2024-06-07 | 山西新能正源智能装备有限公司 | Three folding truss arch frame jig |
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EP4209655C0 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
DK4209656T3 (en) | 2024-01-15 |
US20230220774A1 (en) | 2023-07-13 |
EP4209655B1 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
US20230220773A1 (en) | 2023-07-13 |
EP4209655A1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
EP4209656B1 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
ES2969746T3 (en) | 2024-05-22 |
ES2970580T3 (en) | 2024-05-29 |
FI4209656T3 (en) | 2024-01-11 |
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