EP4143277A1 - Composition lubrifiante et son utilisation - Google Patents

Composition lubrifiante et son utilisation

Info

Publication number
EP4143277A1
EP4143277A1 EP21721438.6A EP21721438A EP4143277A1 EP 4143277 A1 EP4143277 A1 EP 4143277A1 EP 21721438 A EP21721438 A EP 21721438A EP 4143277 A1 EP4143277 A1 EP 4143277A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricant composition
weight
acid
esters
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21721438.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Seemeyer
Patrick WITTMEYER
Danijela GRAD
Erika PAULUS
Maria FRACKOWIAK
Balasubramaniam Vengudusamy
Max Sommer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Klueber Lubrication Muenchen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Klueber Lubrication Muenchen SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Klueber Lubrication Muenchen SE and Co KG filed Critical Klueber Lubrication Muenchen SE and Co KG
Publication of EP4143277A1 publication Critical patent/EP4143277A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C10M2207/2815—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/086—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/102—Polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/18—Anti-foaming property
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/36—Seal compatibility, e.g. with rubber
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lubricant compositions and their use as gear, roller bearing and plain bearing oil for general industry and as gear oil and plain bearing oil in the marine sector and in inland waters, as well as in machines and machine elements on land that deal with water and / or aqueous media can come into contact.
  • Radial shaft seals which are usually made of elastomers such as FKM (fluororubber), NBR (nitrile butadiene rubber), HNBR (hydrogenated nitrite butadiene rubber), ACM / AEM (acrylate elastomers / ethylene acrylic elastomers) and polyurethanes, are used in gearboxes, plain bearings and roller bearings are made, for use.
  • FKM fluororubber
  • NBR nitrile butadiene rubber
  • HNBR hydrogenated nitrite butadiene rubber
  • ACM / AEM acrylate elastomers / ethylene acrylic elastomers
  • polyurethanes are used in gearboxes, plain bearings and roller bearings are made, for use.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide lubricants or lubricant compositions which show improved compatibility with sealing materials, in particular elastomers, and have excellent tribological properties, so that they have improved sliding behavior, a reduction in the stick-slip effect ("Sti ck-SI i p- Effect ”), as well as having a positive influence on the microspot resistance, and which are suitable for use as gear, roller bearing and plain bearing oil for general industry.
  • a further object of the present invention was to provide minimally toxic, i.e. NSF / H1 -certified lubricants which are suitable and which are also suitable for use as gear, roller bearing and plain bearing oils for general industry, including applications in the food processing industry show the above-mentioned advantageous properties in terms of seal compatibility and sliding behavior.
  • a lubricant composition containing as components:
  • Lubricant composition an organic compound that comprises both a polar and a non-polar part, as a slip improver, the organic compound having a relative permittivity e G in the range from 1.5 to 10, and where a quotient J Si / i-S2 der organic compound is in the range from 1 to 25.
  • J Si denotes the sum of the area (s) of the IR absorption band (s) in the wavenumber range 3100-2750 cm -1 in an ATR spectrum of the organic
  • J S2 denotes the sum of the area (s) of the IR absorption band (s) in the wavenumber range 1800-1650 cm -1 in an ATR spectrum of the organic
  • the organic compound in addition to the other constituents / components contained in the lubricant composition, the organic compound comprising both a polar and a non-polar part and the requirements for both the relative permittivity e G (in the range of 1 , 5 to 10) as well as the quotients / Si / / S2 (im Range from 1 to 25), a significant improvement in the sliding behavior between two friction partners, for example metal / metal or metal / elastomer (eg FKM or NBR), causes.
  • the organic compound is therefore referred to herein as a "slip improver".
  • lubricant composition lubricant and formulation are used synonymously.
  • organic compound includes both individual compounds (that is, molecules) and mixtures of individual compounds as well as oligomers and polymers including homopolymers, copolymers and polymer blends, as well as mixtures thereof.
  • an oligomer is understood to mean a molecule or a chemical compound which is composed of several, in particular two to ten, structurally identical or similar organic units (monomers) and in particular a weight-average molar mass (M w ) of up to about 1000 having.
  • a polymer (homopolymer) is accordingly understood to be a molecule or a chemical compound which is built up from a large number, in particular more than ten, structurally identical or similar organic units (monomers) and in particular has a weight-average molar mass ( M w ) of about 1000 or more.
  • a copolymer is understood to mean polymers which are composed of two or more different types of monomer.
  • the organic compound C) contains both a polar and a non-polar part, that is, it is made up of one or more identical or different polar molecular parts and one or more identical or different non-polar molecular parts, which results in a specific relative polarity.
  • Polar parts of the molecule in the context of the invention can be all polar, functional groups known to the person skilled in the art.
  • Non-polar parts of the molecule for the purposes of the invention can be all non-polar groups known to the person skilled in the art, and they are in particular selected from one or more of linear or branched or cyclic alkyl groups or aromatic groups, such as, for example, linear or branched alkylbenzene groups.
  • the organic compound C) has a relative permittivity e G in the range from 1.5 to 10, preferably from 1.7 to 8, particularly preferably from 2 to 7, and most preferably from 2.3 to 5.
  • the permittivity also called dielectric conductivity, describes a material property of electrically insulating, polar or non-polar substances, so-called dielectrics, and indicates the permeability of a material or substance to electrical fields.
  • the relative permittivity is a measure of the field-weakening effects of the dielectric polarization of the material or substance.
  • the organic compound C) contained in the lubricant composition according to the invention is further characterized in that it has a quotient iSi / J S2 which is in the range from 1 to 25, preferably from 1.3 to 22, particularly preferably 1.7 to 17, and most preferably from 2 to 14.
  • Js denotes the sum of the area (s) of the IR absorption band (s) in the wavenumber range 3100-2750 cm -1 in an ATR spectrum of the organic compound
  • J S2 denotes the sum of the area (s) of the IR Absorption band (s) in the wavenumber range 1800-1650 cm -1 in an ATR spectrum of the organic compound.
  • ATR infrared spectroscopy is a measurement technique of infrared spectroscopy that is suitable for solid and liquid samples and has meanwhile become the dominant IR technique in many areas.
  • ATR infrared spectroscopy is based on the principle of total reflection (ATR, attenuated total reflection, see NJ Harrick: Internal Reflection Spectroscopy. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1967, ISBN 0-470-35250-7).
  • the spectra are similar to those of the Transmission spectroscopy.
  • the quotient J S1 / JS2 thus sets the absorption in the wavenumber range 3100-2750 cm 1 , mainly caused by non-polar molecular parts of the organic compound, in relation to the absorption in the wavenumber range 1800-1650 cm -1 , caused mainly by polar molecular parts of the organic compound .
  • the quotient J S1 / J S2 can thus be interpreted as a measure of the polarity of the organic compound contained in the lubricant composition, which comprises both a polar and a non-polar part.
  • the amount of the organic compound C) in the lubricant composition is preferably 0.001% by weight or more, particularly preferably 0.05% by weight or more, for example 0.1% by weight or more, and 10% by weight or less, particularly preferably 5% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, in order to achieve optimum elastomer compatibility and lubricity.
  • embodiments of the invention which are particularly suitable for use as gear, roller bearing and plain bearing oil for general industry, including in the area of the food processing industry, for occasional, unintentional food contact, if the amount of the organic compound C) 0.001-2.5% by weight, and very particularly preferably 0.05-1% by weight, based on the total weight of the Lubricant composition to achieve optimal elastomer compatibility and sliding effect.
  • the amount of the organic compound C) is 0.1-10% by weight, very particularly preferably 0.1-5% by weight, and most preferably 0.1-3% by weight. -%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, in order to achieve optimal elastomer compatibility and sliding effect.
  • the organic compound which comprises both a polar and a non-polar part and the requirements defined above for both the relative permittivity e G (in the range from 1.5 to 10) and the quotient / Si / / S2 ( in the range from 1 to 25), in addition to the other components / constituents of the lubricant composition, such as base oil (s) or additive (s), can surprisingly improve the sliding or lubricating behavior, especially at low gear and bearing speeds and high load. Furthermore, the organic compound contributes to improving the compatibility of the lubricant composition according to the invention with elastomer materials such as FKM and NBR.
  • the organic compounds C) additionally have an NSF / H1 certification so that they are used in lubricants that are used as gear, roller bearing and plain bearing oils for occasional, unintended food contact in the food processing industry come.
  • the organic compound C) is an organic compound which is additionally biodegradable (e.g. according to OECD test guideline 301 AF or OECD 306) and / or has a low level of aquatoxicity (e.g. according to OECD test guideline 201, 202, 203 or 236).
  • the organic compound is used in lubricants, which are used as gear, roller bearing and plain bearing oil in the marine area and in inland waters, as well as in machines and machine elements on land, which can come into contact with water and / or aqueous media, are suitable.
  • Preferred examples of organic compounds which can advantageously be used as slip improvers in the lubricant composition according to the invention are the following compounds, but are not limited to them: Maleic acid-olefin copolymers (commercially available, for example, as Ketjenlube® 135, Ketjenlube® 2700, Ketjenlube® 23000 ); modified polyesters (commercially available e.g. as Perfad TM 3000, Perfad TM 3050); Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), linear polymers and star polymers (commercially available e.g. as Lubrizol 87725); Oleic acid, in particular mixtures of C16-C18 fatty acids and C18 unsaturated fatty acids (commercially available e.g.
  • Glycerine monooleate GMO
  • Glycerine monooleate GMO
  • PMA Polymethacrylate
  • linear polymers and comb polymers commercially available e.g. as Viscoplex® 3-200
  • Comb polymers made from 1-decene and 9-dodecylic acid methyl ester commercially available e.g. as Elevance Aria® WTP 40
  • Pentaerythritol tetraisostearate commercially available e.g. as Priolube TM 3987-LQ.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention contains a base oil component as a further constituent A).
  • the base oil is preferably selected from synthetic esters, in particular neopentyl glycol esters such as neopentyl glycol diisostearate, pentaerythritol esters such as pentaerythritol tetraisostearate, trimethylolpropane esters such as trimethylpropane trioleate or trimethylolpropane tricaprylate, or which are preferably mono / esterified or partially esterified with unsaturated or partially esterified propane and trimethyl ester mixtures
  • Monocarboxylic acids and / or dicarboxylic acids with a chain length of 4 to 36 carbon atoms which can be linear or branched, such as pentaerythritol isostearate sebacate complex esters or trimethyolpropane isostearate stearate sebacate complex esters, aliphatic carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid esters such as di- (2 ethylhexy
  • complex esters is understood to mean in particular esters in the preparation of which, for example, dicarboxylic acids (that is, dibasic carboxylic acids) are used in addition to monocarboxylic acids (that is, monobasic carboxylic acids) and polyols.
  • the base oil is selected from polyalphaolefins (PAOs), metallocene-polyalphaolefins (mPAOs), white oils, mineral oils, neopentyl glycol esters, Pentaerythritol esters, trimetylolpropane esters and pentaerythritol and trimetylolpropane complex esters, which are preferably as defined above, aliphatic carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid esters, triglyceride fatty acid (C8 / C10) esters, alkylnaphthalines, ethylene / a-olefin-soluble, water-soluble oligomers, and water-soluble oligomers and / or oil-soluble polyglycols, as well as mixtures of two or more thereof
  • the base oil has NSF / H1 certification in order to enable the lubricant composition to be used as gear, roller bearing and plain bearing oil for occasional, unintended food contact in the food processing industry.
  • the base oil is selected from polyalphaolefins (PAOs), metallocene polyalphaolefins (mPAOs), white oils, ferns-based oils, estolides and oil-soluble polyglycols, and mixtures of two or more thereof.
  • PAOs polyalphaolefins
  • mPAOs metallocene polyalphaolefins
  • white oils ferns-based oils
  • estolides and oil-soluble polyglycols
  • mixtures of two or more thereof are advantageous in terms of their biodegradability (i.e., biodegradable e.g.
  • OECD test guideline 301 AF or OECD 306 can accordingly contribute to improved biodegradability of the lubricant composition, so that it is particularly suitable for applications as gear, roller bearing and plain bearing oil in the marine area and in the area of inland waters, as well as in machines and Machine elements on land that may come into contact with water and / or aqueous media is suitable.
  • the amount of base oil or base oil mixture in the lubricant composition is usually determined on the basis of the amounts of the other constituents / components contained in the composition, that is, the lubricant composition is made up to 100% by weight with the base oil.
  • the total amount of the base oil or base oil mixture is preferably at least 20% by weight, 30% by weight, 40% by weight, 50% by weight or 60% by weight.
  • the base oil or base oil mixture used according to the invention also preferably has a viscosity of at least 5 mm 2 / s, more preferably from 5 mm 2 / s to 20,000 mm 2 / s, particularly preferably from 5 mm 2 / s to 10,000 mm 2 / s, and very particularly preferably from 5 mm 2 / s to 1700 mm 2 / s, each measured in accordance with ASTM D 7042 at 40 ° C.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention also contains, as a further component B), at least one additive as an additive which improves a desired property of the lubricant.
  • additives or additives known in the art are antioxidants, anti-wear additives, high-pressure additives, friction reducers, anti-corrosion agents,
  • Non-ferrous metal deactivators ion complexing agents, solid lubricants, dispersants, pour point and viscosity improvers, UV stabilizers, emulsifiers, color indicators and defoamers, without being restricted to these.
  • the lubricant composition therefore contains at least one additive selected from antioxidants, anti-wear additives, high-pressure additives,
  • Friction reducers corrosion protection agents, non-ferrous metal deactivators, ion complexing agents, solid lubricants, dispersants, pour point and
  • the lubricant composition particularly preferably contains an additive mixture of two or more additives selected from antioxidants, anti-wear additives, and high-pressure additives
  • Friction reducers corrosion protection agents, non-ferrous metal deactivators, ion complexing agents, solid lubricants, dispersants, pour point and Viscosity improvers, UV stabilizers, emulsifiers, color indicators and defoamers.
  • the targeted addition of one or more additives can improve certain properties of the lubricant and / or give the lubricant certain properties.
  • the oxidation stability of the lubricant composition can be further improved and thus an increase in (thermal) stability can be achieved.
  • the antioxidants are preferably selected from the following compounds, without being limited thereto: Amine compounds (aminic antioxidants), in particular linear or branched aliphatic amine compounds and aromatic amine compounds and their salts, the aliphatic and aromatic amine compounds with one or more radicals selected from linear and / or branched alkyl radicals and aryl radicals, phenol compounds (phenolic antioxidants); Propionates; Phosphites; sulfur-containing compounds, in particular sulfur-containing phenol compounds and sulfur-containing carboxylic acids, phosphorothionates, thiocarbamates, thiophosphates, and thiopropionates; and mixtures of these compounds.
  • Amine compounds aminonic antioxidants
  • aliphatic and aromatic amine compounds with one or more radicals selected from linear and / or branched alkyl radicals and aryl radicals
  • phenol compounds phenolic antioxidants
  • Propionates Phosphites
  • sulfur-containing compounds in particular sulfur-containing phenol compounds and sulfur-containing carb
  • antioxidants are selected from aromatic diamines and secondary aromatic amines, phenolic resins, Thiophenolharzen, phosphites, Zinkthiocarbamat, zinc thiophosphate, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, phenyl-alpha-naphthylamines, phenyl-beta-naphthylamines, diphenylamine and diphenylamine derivatives, in particular octylated diphenylamines , butylated diphenylamines and styrenated diphenylamines, quinoline and quinoline derivatives, naphthylamine and naphthylamine derivatives, di-alpha-tocopherol, di-te / f-butyl
  • antioxidants according to the invention are benzolamine, N-phenyl, reaction products with 2,4,4-trimethylpentene, octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, bis (4- ( 1, 1, 3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine, N - [(1, 1,3,3-
  • Tetramethylbutyl) phenyl] naphthalen-1-amine isomer mixtures of 90% to 97.5% C7 to C9 alkyl 3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and 2.5% to 10% Methyl-3 (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, and thiodiethylenebis [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], without being limited thereto.
  • Suitable antioxidants are commercially available.
  • the antioxidant is selected from phenolic antioxidants, aminic antioxidants, preferably linear or branched aliphatic amine compounds and aromatic amine compounds.
  • the antioxidant is selected from phenolic antioxidants, aminic antioxidants, preferably linear or branched aliphatic amine compounds and aromatic amine compounds and their salts, the aliphatic and aromatic compounds having one or more radicals can be substituted from linear and / or branched alkyl radicals and aryl radicals, phosphites, phosphorothionates and thiocarbamates, especially when the lubricant composition is used as gear, plain bearing and roller bearing oil in the marine area and in inland waters, as well as in machines and Machine elements on land that can come into contact with water and / or aqueous media, with amine antioxidants being particularly preferred.
  • a single compound or a combination of two or more compounds can be used as the antioxidant.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can contain one or more corrosion protection agents.
  • the addition of anti-corrosion agents can give the lubricant composition a corrosion and rust-inhibiting effect.
  • Suitable anti-corrosive agents are, without being limited thereto, preferably selected from the group of acid salts, in particular carboxylic acid metal salts, sulfonic acid metal salts, naphthalenesulfonic acid metal salts, benzosulfonic acid metal salts, benzoic acid metal salts, naphthoic acid metal salts, metal salts naphthenic acid metal salts, Salicylic acid metal salts and phosphoric acid metal salts, and their derivatives, including linear and branched aliphatic and aromatic derivatives of the acids / acid salts, which are also substituted with one or more radicals selected from linear and / or branched alkyl radicals and aryl radicals may be, with sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) salts being particularly preferred; Amine, imine and imide compounds and their metal salts, in particular linear and branched aliphatic amine, imine and imide compounds and aromatic amine, imine and imide
  • Suitable anti-corrosion agents are commercially available.
  • N-methylglycine or its derivatives e.g. sarcosine
  • the corrosion protection agent is selected from the group of carboxylic acid Metal salts, sulfonic acid metal salts, benzosulfonic acid metal salts, naphthalenesulfonic acid metal salts, benzoic acid metal salts and naphthoic acid metal salts and naphthenic acid metal salts, as well as their Derivatives, including linear and branched aliphatic and aromatic derivatives of the acid salts, which can also be substituted with one or more radicals selected from linear and / or branched alkyl radicals and aryl radicals, where Na, Ca, K- and Mg salts are particularly preferred; and partially neutralized or unneutralized dicarboxylic acid derivatives, such as succinic acid half-esters.
  • the corrosion protection agent is selected from neutralized or neutral acid salts, preferably from neutral carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, benzosulfonic acid, benzoic acid, naphthoic acid, naphthenic acid and phosphoric acid metal salts and their derivatives , including linear and branched aliphatic and aromatic derivatives of the acid salts, which can also be substituted with one or more radicals selected from linear and / or branched alkyl radicals and aryl radicals, and preferably the Na, Ca, K - and Mg salts, with neutralized or neutral sulphonic acid, naphthalenesulphonic acid and benzosulphonic acid metal salts being very particularly preferred, and in particular the Ca salts and neutral calcium sulphonates being most preferred, especially when the lubricant composition is used as gear, roller bearings - and plain bearing oil in the marine area and in the area of inland waters, as
  • the anti-corrosion agents can be used singly or in a combination of two or more.
  • neutral or neutralized acid salts or metal salts are understood as meaning acid salts or metal salts which have an acid number (TAN) of 30 mg KOH / g or less.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can contain one or more non-ferrous metal deactivators and / or ion complexing agents.
  • non-ferrous metal deactivators and / or ion complexing agents By adding non-ferrous metal deactivators and / or ion complexing agents, non-ferrous metals such as cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), tin (Sn), and zinc (Zn), which belong to the so-called non-ferrous metals, as well as their alloys, are protected from corrosion by active sulfur.
  • Cd cadmium
  • Co cobalt
  • Cu copper
  • Ni nickel
  • Pb tin
  • Zn zinc
  • Suitable non-ferrous metal deactivators and ion complexing agents are preferably selected from triazole compounds, in particular tolyltriazole, benzotriazole and their derivatives, imidazoline compounds, diazoles, mercaptothiadiazoles.
  • non-ferrous metal deactivators or ion complexing agents are triazole compounds, salicylates and mercaptothiadiazoles, and their derivatives, with triazole compounds and derivatives thereof, in particular benzotriazole and derivatives thereof, being very particularly preferred, both when the lubricant composition is used as gear bearings, roller bearings - and plain bearing oil for general industry as well as in the marine area and in the area of inland waters, as well as in machines and machine elements on land that can come into contact with water and / or aqueous media.
  • the non-ferrous metal deactivators or ion complexing agents can be used individually or in a combination of two or more thereof.
  • Examples of particularly preferred non-ferrous metal deactivators or ion complexing agents are benzotriazole and tolyltriazole and derivatives thereof, N, N-bis (2-ethylhexyl) -ar-methyl-1H-benzotriazole-1-methanamine, and a reaction mixture composed of N, N-bis ( 2-ethylhexyl) -6- methyl-1H-benzotriazole-1-methanamine, N, N-bis (2-ethylhexyl) -4-methyl-2H-benzotriazole-2-methanamine, N, N-bis (2-ethylhexyl) -5-methyl-2H-benzotriazole-2-methanamine, N, N-bis (2-ethylhexyl) -4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole-1-methylamine and N, N-bis (2-ethylhexyl) -5- methyl-1H-benzotriazole-1-methylamine, without being restricted to this
  • Suitable non-ferrous metal deactivators or ion complexing agents are commercially available.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can also contain one or more wear protection agents, friction reducers and / or extreme pressure additives.
  • Suitable wear protection agents, friction reducers and high-pressure additives are preferably selected from amines, amine phosphates, branched and / or linear alkylated phosphates, phosphites, thiophosphates, and phosphorothionates, aryl phosphates, aryl thiophosphates, alkylated polysulfides, sulfurized amine compounds, sulfurized fatty acid methyl esters, sulfurized fatty acid methyl esters, Al22, sulfurized fatty acid methyl esters , T1O2, ZrÜ 2 , WO3, Ta 2 0 5 , V2O5, CeÜ 2 , Aluminum titanate, BN, MoSh, SiC, S13N4, TiC, TiN, ZrB2, clay minerals and their mixtures, sulfonic acid salts, and thermally stable carbonates and
  • Suitable commercially available additives are, for example, the following products: IRGALUBE® TPPT, IRGALUBE® 232, IRGALUBE® 349, IRGALUBE® 353, IRGALUBE® 211 and ADDITIN® RC3760 Liq 3960, FIRC-SHUN® FG 1505 and FG 1506, NA-LUBE® KR-015FG, LUBEBOND®, FLUORO® FG, SYNALOX® 40-D, ACHESON® FGA 1820 and ACHESON® FGA 1810.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can also contain one or more viscosity improvers.
  • Suitable viscosity improvers are preferably selected from linear and branched alkylated, acrylated and aliphatic polymers and copolymers and polymerized fatty acid esters, as well as mixtures of two or more thereof, without being restricted thereto.
  • suitable viscosity improvers are polymethacrylate, ethylene-propylene copolymer, polyisobutylene, polyalkylstyrene and hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymer. Suitable viscosity improvers are available for purchase.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can also contain one or more UV stabilizers.
  • Suitable UV stabilizers are preferably selected from nitrogen heterocycles and substituted nitrogen heterocycles, as well as mixtures of two or more thereof, without being restricted thereto. Suitable UV stabilizers are available for purchase.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can also contain one or more solid lubricants.
  • Suitable solid lubricants are preferably selected from PTFE, boron nitride, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, pyrophosphates, thiosulfates, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium stearate, zinc sulfide, molybdenum sulfide, tungsten sulfide, tin sulfide, graphite, graphene, nano tubes, Si0 2 modifications, and mixtures of two or more of this, without being limited to it.
  • Suitable solid lubricants are available for purchase.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can also contain one or more emulsifiers.
  • Suitable emulsifiers are preferably selected from branched and / or linear ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alcohols and their salts, in particular alcohols with chain lengths of 14-18 carbon atoms, ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alkyl ethers, fatty acid esters, and ionic surfactants such as.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can also contain one or more defoamers in order to prevent the formation of solid foams.
  • Suitable defoamers are preferably selected from ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alcohols with chain lengths of 10-18 carbon atoms, mono- and diglycerides of edible fats, acrylates, propoxylated and / or ethoxylated alkyl ethers, polyols including diols, and polysiloxanes such as silicone oils or polydimethylsiloxanes, as well as mixtures of two or more of these, without being limited thereto.
  • Defoamers particularly preferred according to the invention are ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alcohols with chain lengths of 10-18 carbon atoms, polyols, acrylates and polysiloxanes, polysiloxanes being very particularly preferred, both when the lubricant composition is used as gear, roller bearing and plain bearing oil in the marine sector and in the area of inland waters, as well as in machines and machine elements on land that can come into contact with water and / or aqueous media, as well as when the lubricant composition is used as gear, roller bearing and plain bearing oil for general industry and in the food sector processing industry for occasional, unintended food contact. Suitable defoamers are available for purchase.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can also contain one or more color indicators.
  • a suitable color indicator is, for example, 2,5-thiophenediylbis (5-ter-butyl-1,3-benzoxazole), without being restricted to this. Suitable color indicators are available for purchase.
  • All additives can each be present as a single compound or in a combination of two or more in the lubricating grease composition according to the invention.
  • the total amount of all additives in the lubricant composition is preferably 0.01% by weight or more, particularly preferably 0.025% by weight or more, for example 0.5% by weight or more, and 10% by weight or less, especially preferably 7.5% by weight or less, for example 6% by weight or less, or 5% by weight or less, based on the total lubricant composition.
  • the total amount of all additives is 0 0.1-7.5% by weight, very particularly preferably 0.01-6.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.
  • the total amount of all additives is 0.5-7.0% by weight, very particularly preferably 0.5-5.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.
  • the additives serve to improve certain properties of the lubricant and / or to give it certain properties, they can be added to the lubricant as a single substance or as a mixture of two or more additives, depending on the need or requirement of the lubricant, the amount of the individual additives in an additive mixture is not restricted as long as the total amount of all additives defined above, based on the total lubricant composition, is not exceeded.
  • the lubricant composition contains
  • the lubricant composition contains an additive mixture of two or more additives, one or more antioxidants , one or more anti-wear and / or high-pressure additives, one or more defoamers, optionally one or more non-ferrous metal deactivators, optionally one or more corrosion protection agents, and optionally a color indicator.
  • the lubricant composition contains
  • the additive mixture one or more antioxidants, one or more anti-wear and / or extreme pressure additives, one or more defoamers, optionally one or more
  • Non-ferrous metal deactivators optionally one or more corrosion protection agents, and optionally a color indicator
  • the lubricant composition contains
  • the base oil is preferably selected from polyalphaolefins (PAOs), metallocene-polyalphaolefins (mPAOs), white oils, mineral oils, neopentyl glycol esters, pentaerythritol esters, trimetylolpropane esters and pentaerythritol and trimetylolpropane complex carboxylic acid and trimethylolpropane complex esters, which are preferably as defined above , Triglyceride fatty acid (C8 / C10) esters, alkyl naphthalenes, ethylene / ⁇ -olefin oligomers and water-soluble, water-miscible and / or oil-soluble, and mixtures of two or more thereof.
  • PAOs polyalphaolefins
  • mPAOs metallocene-polyalphaolefins
  • white oils mineral oils
  • Lubricants of this embodiment are highly compatible with elastomers such as FKM, NBR, HNBR, ACM / AEM and polyurethanes, which are commonly used as sealing materials.
  • lubricants of this embodiment show good tribological properties, so that they improve the sliding behavior, reduce the stick-slip effect ("Sti ck-SI i p effect"), especially in frictional contact with high loads and low bearing speeds and high loads, as well as a positive one Influence on the microstain resistance, which is why they are particularly suitable for use as gear, roller bearing and plain bearing oil for general industry.
  • the lubricant composition contains as an additional component D) an ester compound, mixtures of two or more different ester compounds also being included according to the invention.
  • the at least one ester compound D) is selected from natural glyceride esters, in particular from the group consisting of sunflower oil, rapeseed oil or rapeseed oil, linseed oil, corn oil, diestel oil, soybean oil, linseed oil, peanut oil, lesqueralle oil, palm oil, olive oil, the can each be present in the monomeric, oligomeric and / or polymerized form, as well as mixtures of the oils mentioned; and synthetic esters, in particular from the group consisting of Polyol esters, polyol complex esters, complex esters of dimer acids, dimer acid esters, aliphatic carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid esters, phosphate esters and trimellitic and pyromellitic acid esters; and combinations thereof, with polyol esters and polyol complex esters being particularly preferred, and in particular those polyol esters which are obtained by reacting polyhydric alcohols (that is to say alcohols with more than one
  • ester compounds D) be biodegradable according to standard OECD 301 A-F or OECD 306 in order to achieve improved biodegradability and ecological compatibility of the lubricant composition according to the invention.
  • the at least one ester compound has a kinematic viscosity of at least 130 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the at least one ester compound is particularly preferably in the range from 130-1500 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C., more preferably in the range from 130-1300 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C., each measured in accordance with ASTM D 7042 .
  • ester compounds in the lubricant composition in an amount of 0.1-85% by weight, more preferably from 5-85% by weight, particularly preferably from 10-85% by weight % By weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, is included.
  • the lubricant composition of the present invention contains:
  • Total weight of the lubricant composition the constituents present adding up to a total of 100% by weight and components A), B), C) and D) being as defined above.
  • a lubricant of this composition shows good sliding behavior and is at the same time readily biodegradable, and is therefore particularly suitable for use as gear oil, roller bearing oil and plain bearing oil in the marine area and in inland waters, as well as in Machines and machine elements on land that can come into contact with water and / or aqueous media.
  • the present invention therefore relates in a further aspect to a lubricant composition, in particular for use as gear oil, roller bearing oil and plain bearing oil in the marine area and in inland waters, as well as in machines and machine elements on land that can come into contact with water and / or aqueous media , containing as components:
  • the range is from 1 to 25, preferably from 1.3 to 22, particularly preferably 1.7 to 17, and most preferably from 2 to 14, where J s is the sum of the area (s) of the IR absorption band (s) in the wave number range 3100- 2750 cnr 1 denotes in an ATR spectrum of the organic compound, and J S2 ′′ denotes the sum of the area (s) of the IR absorption band (s) in the wavenumber range 1800- 1650 cm -1 in an ATR spectrum of the organic compound.
  • the constituents A), B), C) and D) are preferably as defined above.
  • the ester compound D) is particularly preferably selected from neopentyl glycol esters, trimethylolpropane esters, and pentaerythritol esters, which are in particular with saturated and / or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear and / or branched monocarboxylic acids of chain length C4-C36, preferably C10-36, particularly preferably C14-C36, and very particularly preferably C18-C36, are esterified; and neopentyl glycol complex esters, trimethylolpropane complex esters, and pentaerythritol complex esters, in particular with saturated and / or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear and / or branched monocarboxylic acids of chain length C4-C36, preferably C10-36, particularly preferably C14-C36, and very particularly preferably C18-C36, and with saturated and / or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear and / or branched
  • ester compounds are particularly preferred with regard to the biocompatibility or biodegradability of the lubricant composition.
  • ester compounds are pentaerythritol tetraisostearate, pentaerythritol isostearate sebacate complex ester, trimethylolpropane trisostearate,
  • Trimethylolpropane trioleate Trimethylolpropane trioleate, trimethylolpropane tricaprylate, trimethylolpropane isostearate stearate sebacate complex ester, neopentyl glycol diisostearate, without being restricted to this.
  • the base oil is selected from oil-soluble polyglycols, polyalphaolefins (PAOs), metallocene polyalphaolefins (mPAOs), white oils, ferns-based oils, estolides, and mixtures of two or more thereof, oil-soluble polyglycols, Polyalphaolefins (PAOs) and metallocene polyalphaolefins (mPAOs) are very particularly preferred.
  • These base oils have particularly advantageous properties with respect to on their biodegradability (ie, biodegradable, for example according to OECD test guideline 301 AF or OECD 306) and can accordingly contribute to an improved biodegradability of the lubricant composition.
  • the lubricant composition contains an additive mixture which comprises one or more antioxidants, non-ferrous metal deactivators and corrosion inhibitors and optionally one or more defoamers and anti-wear and / or extreme pressure additives.
  • the at least one additive B) is an additive mixture that contains one or more antioxidants, non-ferrous metal deactivators and corrosion protection agents and optionally one or more defoamers and anti-wear and / or high-pressure additives.
  • the following have proven particularly advantageous:
  • Antioxidants selected from phenolic antioxidants, aminic antioxidants, preferably linear or branched aliphatic amine compounds and aromatic amine compounds and salts thereof, the aliphatic and aromatic compounds having one or more radicals selected from linear and / or branched alkyl radicals and aryl Residues that can be substituted, phosphites, phosphorothionates and thiocarbamates, aminic antioxidants being particularly preferred;
  • Non-ferrous metal deactivators selected from triazole compounds, salicylates and mercaptothiadiazoles, and their derivatives, triazole compounds, in particular benzotriazole compounds, and derivatives thereof being particularly preferred;
  • Corrosion inhibitors selected from neutralized or neutral carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, benzosulfonic acid, benzoic acid, naphthoic acid, naphthenic acid and phosphoric acid metal salts, and their derivatives, preferably Na, Ca, K and Mg salts , whereby neutralized or neutral sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid and benzosulfonic acid metal salts are particularly preferred, in particular Ca salts, and being neutral calcium sulfonates, such as neutral
  • Alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acid calcium salts are very particularly preferred.
  • Defoamers selected from ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alcohols with chain lengths of 10-18 carbon atoms, polyols including diols, acrylates and polysiloxanes, polysiloxanes being particularly preferred;
  • Wear protection and / or extreme pressure additives selected from amines, amine phosphates, branched and / or linear alkylated phosphates, phosphites, thiophosphates, and phosphorothionates, aryl phosphates, alkylated polysulfides, sulfurized amine compounds, sulfurized fatty acid methyl esters, naphthenic acids, nanoparticles selected from Al 2 O 3 , S1O 2 , T1O 2 , ZrC> 2, WO 3 , Ta 2 0s, V 2 O 5 , CeC> 2, aluminum titanate, BN, M0S1 2 , SiC, S1 3 N 4 , TiC, TiN, Zrß2, clay minerals and their mixtures, Sulfonic acid salts, and thermally stable carbonates and sulfates.
  • amines selected from amines, amine phosphates, branched and / or linear alkylated phosphates, phosphites
  • Such an additive mixture is particularly suitable for lubricant compositions for use as gear, roller bearing or plain bearing oil in the marine sector and in inland waters as well as in machines and machine elements on land that can come into contact with water and / or aqueous media.
  • an additive mixture comprising: one or more antioxidants selected from aminic antioxidants, phenolic antioxidants, phosphites, phosphorothionates and thiocarbamates; one or more non-ferrous metal deactivators selected from triazole compounds, salicylates and mercaptothiadiazoles, and their derivatives; one or more corrosion inhibitors selected from neutralized / neutral carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, benzosulfonic acid, benzoic acid, naphthoic acid, naphthenic acid and phosphoric acid metal salts, as well as their derivatives, in particular Na, Ca, K and Mg -Salts; optionally one or more defoamers selected from ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alcohols with chain lengths of 10-18 carbon atoms, polyols, acrylates and polysiloxanes; and optionally one or more anti-wear
  • a lubricant composition which is particularly suitable for use as gear, roller bearing or plain bearing oil in the marine sector and in inland waterways as well as in machines and machine elements on land that can come into contact with water and / or aqueous media therefore contains according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention:
  • the total weight of the lubricant composition comprising: one or more antioxidants selected from aminic antioxidants, phenolic antioxidants, phosphites, phosphorothionates and thiocarbamates; one or more non-ferrous metal deactivators selected from triazole compounds, salicylates and mercaptothiadiazoles, and their derivatives; one or more corrosion inhibitors selected from neutralized / neutral carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, benzosulfonic acid, benzoic acid, naphthoic acid, naphthenic acid and phosphoric acid metal salts, as well as their derivatives; optionally one or more defoamers selected from ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alcohols with chain lengths of 10-18 carbon atoms, polyols, acrylates and polysiloxanes; and optionally one or more anti-wear and / or extreme pressure additives selected from amines, amine
  • the ester compound being selected from neopentyl glycol esters, trimethylolpropane esters, and pentaerythritol esters, particularly preferred with saturated and / or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear and / or branched monocarboxylic acids of chain length C4-C36, preferably C10-36 C14-C36, and very particularly preferably C18-C36, are esterified; and neopentyl glycol complex esters, trimethylolpropane complex esters, and pentaerythritol complex esters, in particular with saturated and / or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear and / or branched monocarboxylic acids of chain length C4-C36, preferably C10-36, particularly preferably C14-C36, and very particularly preferably C18-C36, and with saturated and / or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear and / or branched dicarboxylic
  • the additive mixture is largely neutral or has the lowest possible total acid number (TAN), since this has a particularly advantageous effect with regard to the elastomer compatibility of the lubricant compositions.
  • TAN total acid number
  • the lubricant composition contains:
  • a base oil selected from oil-soluble polyglycols, polyalphaolefins (PAOs) and metallocene-polyalphaolefins (mPAOs), as well as mixtures of two or more thereof;
  • PAOs polyalphaolefins
  • mPAOs metallocene-polyalphaolefins
  • B) 0.5-5% by weight of an additive mixture comprising one or more aminic antioxidants, one or more neutralized / neutral sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid and / or benzosulfonic acid metal salts, one or more triazole compounds, in particular benzotriazole compounds, and / or derivatives thereof, and one or more polysiloxanes;
  • a lubricant of this composition shows a high level of compatibility with sealing materials, in particular elastomers, as well as good sliding and lubricating properties.
  • a lubricant of this composition has good biocompatibility, ie good biodegradability according to standard OECD 301 A - F or OECD 306 and low aquatoxicity (e.g. according to standard OECD 201, 202, 203 or 236), and is therefore particularly suitable for use as Gear oil Rolling bearing or plain bearing oil in the marine area and in inland waters, as well as in machines and machine elements on land that can come into contact with water and / or aqueous media.
  • the present invention is therefore also a
  • Lubricant composition for use as gear, roller bearing and
  • a base oil selected from oil-soluble polyglycols, polyalphaolefins (PAOs) and metallocene-polyalphaolefins (mPAOs), as well as mixtures of two or more thereof;
  • PAOs polyalphaolefins
  • mPAOs metallocene-polyalphaolefins
  • B) 0.5-5% by weight of an additive mixture comprising one or more amine antioxidants, one or more neutralized / neutral sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid and / or benzosulfonic acid metal salts, one or more triazole compounds and / or triazole derivatives , and one or more polysiloxanes;
  • the specified amounts each refer to the total weight of the lubricant composition and the constituents contained add up to a total of 100% by weight
  • the organic compound has a relative permittivity e G in the range from 1.5 to 10, preferably 1.7 to 8, particularly preferably from 2 to 7, and most preferably from 2.3 to 5, and where a quotient ⁇ Si / J-S2 of the organic compound in the range from 1 to 25, preferably from 1.3 to 22, particularly preferably 1.7 to 17, and most preferably from 2 to 14, where J Si ”is the sum of the area (s) of the IR absorption band (s) in the wavenumber range 3100-2750 cm -1 in an ATR spectrum of the organic compound, and “J S2” denotes the sum of the area (s) of the IR absorption band (s) in the wavenumber range 1800-1650 cm -1 in an ATR spectrum of the organic compound.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention is
  • gear oils in particular spur, bevel, planetary, worm, hypoid and cycloid gears
  • hydraulics linear guides
  • pneumatic components fittings
  • Bearings in particular slide and roller bearings
  • chains ropes
  • springs springs
  • screws and compressors and in particular also of machine components and in systems that come into occasional, unintentional contact with food, without being limited to this.
  • Chains consist of similar, interconnected links. They are used for power transmission and are used as drive chains, e.g. for bicycles, as timing chains for car engines, as load chains for lock gates or as transport chains for conveyor systems.
  • Ropes can be used in running ropes such as B. can be found in cranes, winches, and elevators, subdivide into standing ropes, such as guy ropes, as well as suspension ropes and sling ropes. Screws are connecting elements that should be assembled and disassembled with as little effort as possible and the materials used are not damaged in the process.
  • Springs include leaf spring packs, cup spring packs, ring spring packs, coil cup springs, and leg springs.
  • Valves are used to regulate solid, liquid and gas flows. In addition, they can also take on the function of standing, i.e. mixing and regulating one or more volume flows. In addition to the typical applications as a tap or mixer, all types of valves also apply to the fittings.
  • Pneumatic components are pneumatic valves and cylinders which, by converting pneumatic energy into mechanical energy, generate straight-line movements for moving, lifting or returning workpieces and tools. With hydraulics, force and torque are transmitted by means of pressure and volume flow. Examples are axial piston machines, external gear machines and radial piston motors.
  • Another object of the present invention is therefore the use of the lubricant compositions according to the invention as gear oil, roller bearing oil and plain bearing oil for general industry, in particular for the lubrication of gears such as spur, bevel, planetary, worm, hypoid and cycloid gears, hydraulics, Linear guides, pneumatic components, fittings, bearings, such as plain and roller bearings, chains, ropes, springs, screws and compressors, and in particular of machine components and in systems that come into occasional, unintentional contact with food, the lubricant composition preferably containing:
  • an additive mixture comprising: one or more antioxidants selected from phenolic antioxidants, aminic antioxidants, propionates and thiopropionates; one or more defoamers selected from ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alcohols with chain lengths of 10-18 carbon atoms, polyols, acrylates and polysiloxanes; one or more anti-wear and / or extreme pressure additives selected from amines, amine phosphates, branched and / or linear alkylated phosphates, phosphites, thiophosphates, and phosphothionates, aryl phosphates, alkylated polysulfides, sulfurized amine compounds, sulfurized fatty acid methyl esters, naphthenic acids, nanoparticles selected from AI 2 O 3 , S1O 2 , T1O 2 , ZrÜ2, WO
  • the base oil preferably being selected from polyalphaolefins (PAOs), metallocene polyalphaolefins (mPAOs), white oils, mineral oils, neopentyl glycol esters, pentaerythritol esters, trimethylol propane esters as well as pentaerythritol and trimetylolpropane complex esters, which are preferably as defined above, aliphatic carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid esters, triglyceride fatty acid (C8 / C10) esters, alkylnaphthalene, Ethylene / ⁇ -olefin oligomers and oil-soluble polyglycols, as well as mixtures of two or more thereof, and where the constituents contained add up to a total of 100% by weight and the organic compound C) is as defined above, as gear oil, roller
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention is also excellently suited for use as gear oil, roller bearing oil and plain bearing oil in the marine area and in inland waters as well as in machines and machine elements on land that can come into contact with water and / or aqueous media.
  • Areas of application in the marine sector and in inland waters include, in particular, the lubrication of gears, hydraulics, bearings such as sliding, roller or stern tube bearings, propeller rudders, propeller shafts, pneumatic components, linear guides, chains and ropes in machines, machine components and systems used in the marine sector come into contact with salt water, for example offshore systems, or in inland waters with water and / or aqueous media, without being limited to this.
  • gears are used in thrusters and azipods, for example.
  • This application is used for power transmission and power conversion, which takes place between the drive and the propeller. Both an entry of water into the interior and an escape of lubricant into the marine environment are to be expected here.
  • Hydraulics in the marine sector are used to drive adjustable propeller rudders, as well as in fin stabilizers and rudder bearings.
  • linear guides are also used, which are usually lubricated with the same lubricant.
  • lubrication takes place below the waterline. This is also the case in this case water entry into the machine parts and leakage of the lubricant into the marine environment are to be expected.
  • the plain bearing application in the marine sector is primarily a propeller shaft bearing, which is located in the stern tube, the so-called stern tube bearing.
  • the primary task of the propeller shaft is to transmit the drive movement through the ship's hull to the propeller.
  • the bearing ensures low-friction movement.
  • This also includes chains that are used, for example, in lock gates, ropes such as ship ropes or ropes that are used in networks, as well as fittings for regulating solid, liquid and gas flows.
  • chains that are used, for example, in lock gates, ropes such as ship ropes or ropes that are used in networks, as well as fittings for regulating solid, liquid and gas flows.
  • screws, springs and valves have to be lubricated in a wide variety of devices and machines.
  • Another object of the present invention is therefore the use of the lubricant composition according to the invention as gear oil, roller bearing oil and plain bearing oil in the marine sector and in inland waters, in particular for the lubrication of gears, hydraulics, propeller rudders, propeller shafts, linear guides, pneumatic components, fittings, bearings such as sliding , Roller or stern tube bearings, chains, ropes, springs and screws in machines, machine components and systems that come into contact with salt water in the marine sector or with water and / or aqueous media in inland waters, as well as in machines and machine elements on land that come into contact with Water and / or aqueous media can come into contact, the lubricant composition preferably containing:
  • Total weight of the lubricant composition the constituents present adding up to a total of 100% by weight and components A), B), C) and D) being as defined above.
  • a base oil selected from oil-soluble polyglycols, polyalphaolefins (PAOs) and metallocene-polyalphaolefins (mPAOs), as well as mixtures of two or more thereof;
  • PAOs polyalphaolefins
  • mPAOs metallocene-polyalphaolefins
  • B) 0.5-5% by weight of an additive mixture comprising one or more amine antioxidants, one or more neutralized / neutral sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid and / or benzosulfonic acid metal salts, one or more triazole compounds and / or triazole derivatives , and one or more polysiloxanes;
  • viscosity measurements are carried out in accordance with ASTM D 7042 using a Stabinger viscometer SVM 3000 (Anton Paar).
  • the sample is dissolved in a solvent mixture and then titrated with an alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution in accordance with ASTM D 664-18E02.
  • the titration is carried out potentiometrically with the aid of a Solvotrode on a Metrohm 905 Titrando titration unit.
  • the molecular weight is determined by means of GPC (gel permeation chromatography) against a polystyrene standard according to DIN 55672-1: 2016-03 "Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) - Part 1: Tetrahydrofuran (THF) as eluent" using a SECcure GPC system .
  • GPC gel permeation chromatography
  • ATR infrared spectroscopy measurements on the slip improvers are based on the standard DIN 51451 (DIN 51451: 2020-02) "Testing of mineral oil products and related products: Infrared spectrometric analysis - General
  • the integral range is halved.
  • the respective absolute minima are determined in these two sub-areas. If there are several absolute minimum points in a sub-area, the point is used which is located furthest in the edge area of the entire integral.
  • the baseline is calculated using a straight line equation from the two absolute minimum points in the entire integral.
  • the spectrum to be integrated is adjusted for the baseline.
  • the baseline-adjusted spectrum is then integrated.
  • the production of the lubricant compositions takes place according to a procedure known to the person skilled in the art, in that the base oils and additives are mixed in a suitable vessel, e.g. a mixing vessel, using a suitable stirrer. Solid additives or components are brought into solution by increasing the temperature and stirred in. Production can also be carried out by means of continuous processes.
  • lubricant compositions according to the invention are prepared as described above (see Table 2 - Examples 1-15b).
  • lubricant compositions without slip improvers base formulation
  • base formulation lubricant compositions without slip improvers
  • Example 16 Effect of the slip improver on the slip properties of lubricants
  • the transition speed is defined as the speed at which the contact surfaces separate completely, i.e. the speed at which the transition from mixed friction (i.e. occasional contact of the metallic friction partners / incompletely formed lubricating film) to the elastohydrodynamic (EHL) area (i.e. fully developed lubricating film and complete separation of the metallic friction partners by the lubricating film).
  • mixed friction i.e. occasional contact of the metallic friction partners / incompletely formed lubricating film
  • EHL elastohydrodynamic
  • the tests are carried out using a tribometer (BALL-DISC TRIBOMETER from AC 2 Tresearch / Austrian Competence Center for Tribology) with the test combination cylinder-on-ring.
  • a 10 c 10 mm (diameter c length) 100Cr6 steel cylinder with a roughness Ra of approx. 0.02 pm is rubbed against a white metal ring with a roughness Ra of approx. 1.3 pm while applying a defined load.
  • the white metal ring is located in an oil reservoir.
  • a running-in procedure was performed prior to the start of the test. This included speed ramps from 0.05 m / s to 2.5 m / s and then from 2.5 m / s to 0.05 m / s at 10 N and 20 N at room temperature and at 10 N at 40 ° C
  • the Stribeck curve is then generated at 20 N at 40 ° C with a speed ramp of 0.05 m / s to 2.5 m / s.
  • 1 shows the measurement of the Stribeck curves for a basic formulation without a slip improver (comparative example 1) and a lubricant according to the invention with a slip improver (example 8). It can be seen that in the presence of the slip improver, the transition speed shifts significantly to a lower speed (A to B).
  • Fig. 2 the transition speed of all tested lubricants is shown.
  • all examined lubricants with slip improvers (Examples 2, 5, 8, 9, 11) have a significantly lower transition speed than a basic formulation (Comparative Example 1) and a lubricant composition that contains a non-inventive slip improver (Comparative Example 5 ), which indicates that the lubricants according to the invention which contain the slip improver according to the invention form the lubricating film much earlier than those of the comparative examples.
  • the improved lubricating properties of the lubricants according to the invention with slip improvers show that they bring about an improved load capacity, for example in slide bearings and similar components.
  • Example 17 Determination of the sliding behavior by means of elastomer dynamic measurements:
  • the conditions / measurement parameters are selected as follows: Elastomer material: 75 FKM 585; Pressure: 0.25 bar; Temperature: 70 ° C; Test duration: 240 h; 10 cycles with a speed of 2000 rpm (20h) and Orpm (4h); Greasing: Bremer & Leguil Cassida GTS 2.
  • Example 3 GV 1; Example 15b: GV 2, in each case in comparison to Comparative Example 2) a reduction in the radial shaft sealing ring tread / wear width from 0.66 mm to 0.35 mm (Example 3) or 0.54 mm (Example 15b) and a reduction in the shaft run-in from 20 pm to 0 pm (Example 3) or 14 pm (Example 15b) compared to the basic formulation without slip improvers (Comparative Example 2) is achieved .
  • the measurement results for comparative example 4 show, increasing the viscosity of the basic formulation (mPAO 150 / comparative example 4 compared to mPAO 65 / comparative example 2) does not, however, achieve any improvement.
  • Example 18 Determination of the sliding behavior with elastomer as friction partner by means of DES (Dynamic Elastomer Screening):
  • the tests are carried out with a "ring-disc tribometer" under further development of the structure described by Sommer M. and Haas W. ([1] Sommer, M., Haas, W. "A new approach on grease tribology in sealing technology: Influence of the thickener particles ", Tribology International (2016), 103, 574-583).
  • FKM elastomer material is used as the test material.
  • the counter body is a steel counter body
  • the lubricant composition to be examined is observed on a ring-disc tribometer, as described in [1], at a constant speed of 1.5 m / s and a temperature of 60 ° C. with a line load of 0.90 N / mm in order to provoke a breakdown of the lubricating film and solid body contact in the event of poor lubricating film formation.
  • the lubricant compositions according to the invention with slip improvers show a significantly quieter and lower course over time the coefficient of friction m, which means a stable lubricating film build-up and speaks for hydrodynamic lubrication.
  • the basic formulation without slip improvers shows an unstable build-up of the lubricating film, which manifests itself in a strong fluctuation and a higher profile of the coefficient of friction. This speaks for, at least local, solid body contact and a pronounced stick-slip effect.
  • the addition of the slip improver reduces wear on the elastomer body by 57% (example 2: GV 3), 50% (example 14, GV 1), 67% (example 11, GV 2) or 63% (Example 5, GV 5), and the wear on the steel counter body is reduced by 80% (Example 2: GV 3), 67% (Example 14: GV 1), 67% (Example 11 : GV 2) or 73% (Example 5: GV 5), in each case in comparison with the basic formulation without slip improvers (Comparative Example 3).
  • micropitting resistance test stand PCS Instruments, London, UK. Micropittings describe damage to gear contacts.
  • the test bench uses a triple configuration where a central roller is in contact with three disks, resulting in three roller contact cycles per roller revolution.
  • the two lower discs are partially immersed in oil and transport it into contact during the test, which simulates splash lubrication.
  • the roller and the disks are driven by separate motors, which allows the simulation of different slide-roll ratios (SRR).
  • SRR slide-roll ratios
  • the tests are performed at a Hertzian contact pressure of 1.7 GPa, an SRR of 20% to 30%, an oil temperature of 90 ° C and 10 million cycles.
  • the coefficient of friction and vibration were recorded with a torque meter and an accelerometer, respectively, during the test.
  • the test roller is cleaned using a solvent to remove residual oil and the weight of the roller is determined and the track track is taken with an optical microscope.
  • the ability of a lubricant composition with regard to its resistance to micropitting is assessed by the weight loss (comparison of weight before and after measurement) of the roller (see FIG. 5A) and by changing the wear track width (see FIG. 5B).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des compositions lubrifiantes et leur utilisation en tant qu'huile de transmission, huile de palier à roulement ou huile de palier lisse pour l'industrie en général et dans le domaine marin et le domaine des eaux fraîches, ainsi que dans des éléments de machines et de machines en mer qui peuvent entrer en contact avec de l'eau et/ou des milieux aqueux.
EP21721438.6A 2020-04-27 2021-04-21 Composition lubrifiante et son utilisation Pending EP4143277A1 (fr)

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DE102020111392.7A DE102020111392A1 (de) 2020-04-27 2020-04-27 Schmierstoffzusammensetzung und deren Verwendung
PCT/EP2021/060351 WO2021219455A1 (fr) 2020-04-27 2021-04-21 Composition lubrifiante et son utilisation

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JP7425882B2 (ja) 2024-01-31
DE102020111392A1 (de) 2021-10-28
JP2024041988A (ja) 2024-03-27
WO2021219455A1 (fr) 2021-11-04
CN115443322A (zh) 2022-12-06
US20230203396A1 (en) 2023-06-29
KR20220112270A (ko) 2022-08-10

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