EP4130380B1 - Procédé et machine d'usinage d'un rail - Google Patents

Procédé et machine d'usinage d'un rail Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4130380B1
EP4130380B1 EP22188192.3A EP22188192A EP4130380B1 EP 4130380 B1 EP4130380 B1 EP 4130380B1 EP 22188192 A EP22188192 A EP 22188192A EP 4130380 B1 EP4130380 B1 EP 4130380B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ballast
track
unit
machine
tamping
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Active
Application number
EP22188192.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4130380A1 (fr
Inventor
Lothar Marx
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Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
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Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
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Publication of EP4130380A1 publication Critical patent/EP4130380A1/fr
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16Sleeper-tamping machines
    • E01B27/17Sleeper-tamping machines combined with means for lifting, levelling or slewing the track
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16Sleeper-tamping machines
    • E01B27/18Sleeper-tamping machines by introducing additional fresh material under the sleepers, e.g. by the measured-shovel method, by the blowing method
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/20Compacting the material of the track-carrying ballastway, e.g. by vibrating the track, by surface vibrators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing a track by means of a track-laying machine that can be moved on the track, with ballast being introduced into the track by means of a first ballast filling device in front of a first tamping unit in relation to a working direction, the track being filled in a processing section delimited by two rail carriages by means of a first Lifting/straightening unit is lifted, straightened and tamped using the first tamping unit.
  • the invention also relates to a machine for carrying out the method.
  • ballast filling device or chute arranged in the working direction in front of the tamping unit and the associated lifting/straightening unit for introducing ballast into the track. This is also particularly true Fig. 1 visible.
  • the final target position and tamping of the track is established in several work trips.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing an improvement over the prior art for a method of the type mentioned at the outset, such that optimal ballast filling can be carried out while simultaneously processing the track in new construction or conversion work.
  • optimized construction site and ballast logistics should ensure that the track position is ready for operation more quickly and, at the same time, greater cost-effectiveness can be achieved through shorter closure breaks and less use of machines.
  • ballast is introduced into the track using a first ballast filling device and a lifting, straightening and tamping process is subsequently carried out.
  • the first stabilization unit follows the first tamping unit immediately downstream in relation to the working direction. A rearrangement occurs due to oscillation excitation and vibration with a simultaneous vertical load of the gravel as well as a more homogeneous and compact arrangement of the entire bedding material. There is not yet a sufficiently dense grain packing in the track that was tamped immediately before.
  • ballast is introduced into the track after the first stabilization unit using the second ballast filling device. This ensures an appropriate amount of ballast for the following, second lifting, straightening and tamping process to achieve a precise and high-quality track position with a long service life. A smaller, insufficient gravel cover would result in a poor result with a significantly shorter service life. Analogously, the second lifting, straightening and tamping process is followed by further homogenization and compaction of the ballast bed using the second stabilization unit.
  • the target position of the track must be established by tamping and stabilizing in several passes when new construction or conversion work is carried out on track systems. Usually two tamping processes and two stabilizations are required. In order to achieve a high level of stability, processing is usually required in layers with different layer thicknesses. At the same time, the minimum and maximum values for lifting and straightening the track are set for each layer.
  • a significant advantage of this method according to the invention is the combination of the lifting, straightening, tamping and stabilization processes with the introduction of gravel in between in the same processing section. This makes it possible to carry out track work for new construction as well as for renovations with or without bed cleaning at the same time with a single machine.
  • the processes of The layer-by-layer lifting, straightening and tamping of the track is not interrupted by ballast and stabilization work. There are also no delays in the overall process; network operations are spared from shunting. The much faster restoration of the track position and release for regular operation compared to previous state-of-the-art work processes is therefore characterized by a significant reduction in construction costs.
  • ballast filling devices are fed with ballast from a ballast storage arranged in the track construction machine by means of a conveyor device.
  • the conveyor device supplies all the gravel filling devices with gravel as needed, which is taken from the gravel storage.
  • the work process in the construction site area is not disrupted as usual by obstructive reloading of ballast or ballast transport trains as well as the alternating use of numerous track construction and transport machines.
  • ballast filling devices are fed by means of a conveyor with ballast from at least one storage wagon coupled behind the track-laying machine in relation to the working direction.
  • the machine is supplied with gravel from the internal gravel storage and/or via storage wagons. If, depending on the workload, larger amounts of gravel are required that cannot be covered by the internal gravel storage alone, the required amount of gravel is provided by a storage wagon or a corresponding combination of several storage wagons. This is one variable scalability with full flexibility in use. Closing and blocking one or more neighboring tracks to supply ballast, which involves great effort and considerable circumstances, is no longer necessary.
  • ballast is metered into the track independently of one another at the ballast filling devices and that the respective amount of ballast per unit of time is controlled by a control and regulation system in accordance with the stored and / or set specifications by controlling actuators on the conveyor and on the respective ballast filling devices is introduced.
  • This means that the required amount of gravel can be supplied to the ballast filling devices as required using appropriate metering devices and associated actuators.
  • the conveying speed of the belt or belt conveyors can also be adjusted and regulated.
  • Belt or belt conveyors for bulk goods usually represent the core components of the conveyor system.
  • the prevailing actual states of the current work process are recorded in the respective work areas of the ballast filling devices using a video system and appropriately set up sensors and measurement technology, with these actual states being transferred to a computing unit based on measured variables and using evaluation and Calculation algorithms are processed, whereby this processed information of the actual state is further compared with stored target specifications by means of the control and regulation system and, based on this, a corresponding control of the actuators on the conveyor device and on the respective ballast filling devices is carried out.
  • an optimal backfilling result of the amount of gravel introduced is achieved by appropriately controlling the actuators. This also prevents the unwanted introduction of too much gravel and the associated costly rework to remove excess material.
  • the entire work and control process can either fully automated or partially automated.
  • the operating personnel can be optimally supported in the workflow by optical and/or acoustic signaling, signaling or display devices.
  • the fully automatic operating mode is also characterized by maximum support for the operating personnel, thereby allowing free capacity for other work tasks or activities as part of construction site operations.
  • a useful variant of the invention provides that excess ballast on the track is picked up by means of a ballast pick-up device arranged in the working direction following all the work steps of lifting/straightening, tamping and stabilizing and is fed to the ballast storage and/or the optionally coupled storage wagon using the conveyor device.
  • the gravel is usually picked up by a rotating brush shaft and transferred to the conveyor. From this, the gravel is conveyed either to the gravel storage or a storage wagon.
  • the selection of the target storage can be done manually or automatically depending on the prevailing filling level. If the internal gravel storage reaches a specified upper limit, the storage wagon is fed. If a combination of several storage wagons is used, the gravel can be transported from storage wagon to storage wagon by appropriate selection and design of the storage wagons, thus achieving an expansion of storage capacities through almost unlimited upscaling.
  • ballast picked up by the ballast receiving device, which cannot be fed to a storage facility, are thrown off by means of a discharge device in an area laterally outside the track. Any quantity of gravel that is unwanted or no longer required for further work steps within the conveyor can be quickly and easily removed from the machine. This process can also be carried out if one or possibly several memories are full.
  • the ballast is ejected or transferred to the side of the track or onto an adjacent track using the discharge device. The discharge position can be adjusted and changed variably.
  • the track is also advantageous for the track to be ballasted using a plow or ballast distribution device located upstream of all the lifting/straightening, tamping and stabilizing units in the working direction.
  • a first ballast distribution of, for example, basic ballast of the track that has already been carried out is implemented in a simple and efficient manner.
  • a front plow at the top of the machine achieves an even distribution of ballast accumulations while ensuring safe work operations and protecting the rail undercarriages.
  • ballast filling device is arranged after the second stabilization unit in relation to the working direction. Due to the gravel flowing in during the second stabilization process, there may again be a lack of gravel on the top of the bedding. This possible defect can be remedied using the third ballast filling device.
  • ballast storage and a conveying device for conveying the ballast between the ballast filling devices, the ballast storage and / or a coupled storage wagon is set up.
  • the ballast storage and the conveyor device ensure that ballast is transported as needed in different conveying directions within the machine and the respective transfer points of any storage wagons that may be used.
  • the track construction machine is designed in several parts, that a first machine part includes the ballast filling devices, the stabilization units, the tamping units and the associated lifting/straightening units, that a second machine part includes a ballast receiving device and that the two machine parts are connected to one another via a coupling device .
  • the multi-part machine design enables flexible machine use without exceeding the maximum permissible axle loads per rail chassis.
  • a discharge device for gravel and a plow device arranged upstream of all devices and work units in the working direction are set up.
  • An initial distribution of gravel can be carried out using the plow.
  • a side plow, a middle plow and/or a front plow can also be used for even more versatile and efficient machine use.
  • the track construction machine 1 shown schematically can be moved on rails 3 of a track 4 by means of rail carriages 2. Sleepers 6 stored in a ballast bed 5 form the track 4 with the rails 3 fastened thereon.
  • the track construction machine 1 comprises a first tamping unit 7, a first stabilizing unit 8, a second tamping unit 9 and a second stabilizing unit 10.
  • the two tamping units 7, 9 are each preceded by a first and second lifting/straightening unit 11, 12. These are advantageously provided for vertical lifting as well as for lateral straightening of the track 4.
  • the units 7-12 mentioned are arranged on a satellite frame 13, subsequently also referred to as a satellite 13, and are mounted on one side on a rail chassis 2.
  • the other side of the satellite 13 is movably mounted on a machine frame 14, which means that the satellite 13 can be moved relative to it.
  • ballast filling device 16 is arranged in front of the first lifting/straightening unit 11, a second ballast filling device 17 after the first stabilization unit 8 and a third ballast filling device 18 after the second stabilization unit 10.
  • the ballast filling devices 16, 17, 18 are attached to the machine frame 14 or the satellite 13, depending on the design variant.
  • the amount of gravel to be introduced is metered via actuators (not shown) set up on the gravel filling devices 16, 17, 18.
  • a driver's cab 19 which includes a driver's cab.
  • An operator cabin 20 is installed on the machine frame 14 in the immediate vicinity of the satellite 13. This ensures that an operator has a good view of the satellite 13 and all the units arranged there during track construction work.
  • a video system is set up to support the operator during work and to transfer work processes on the machine 1 that are not optimally visible to appropriate display devices.
  • the driver's cab 19 and the operator's cab 20 are designed as a common unit, with the operation and control of the work processes taking place via a control station with appropriate instruments and display devices.
  • a leveling and directional reference system 21 is set up to record the track position. This includes a precise tendon arrangement as well as associated sensors and measurement technology. This is used to record, in particular, the actual position that prevailed before the track was worked on, as well as the actual position created after the work.
  • a processing section 22 is defined by the space extending between two rail carriages 2. Within this section 22, all of the units 7-12 already explained are arranged for working through and producing the target position of the track 4.
  • the tamping units 7, 9 are mounted in an adjustable manner relative to the satellite 13 in the direction of a track axis 23 in order to adapt the distance between the tamping units 7, 9 to one another. This means that track 4 can be stuffed underneath varying distance between the thresholds 6 can be carried out.
  • one of the tamping units 7, 9 for processing switches can be designed to be transversely displaceable relative to the track axis 23 and/or rotatable about its own vertical axis.
  • the units 7-12 can be raised and lowered relative to the satellite 13 via actuators or actuators.
  • different operating modes in particular continuous and cyclical, can be used for work operations or track maintenance.
  • a continuous operating mode the machine 1 is moved on the track 4 almost uniformly in the working direction 15, while the satellite 13 is alternately moved back and forth. According to this movement of the satellite 13, the processing section 22 changes its length or size in the working process.
  • the cyclic operating mode the satellite 13 is not moved relative to the machine frame 14; the entire machine 1 is accelerated and braked.
  • the stabilization units 8, 10 are continuously moved forward by longitudinal displacement relative to the satellite 13 or relative to the machine frame 14.
  • the gravel filling devices 16, 17, 18 are supplied with gravel by means of a conveyor 24.
  • the conveyor device 24 includes numerous mutually aligned belt conveyors which extend over the entire machine 1.
  • the machine 1 is divided into two machine parts 25, 26 for greater flexibility in use, as well as to comply with the permissible axle loads of the rail chassis 2.
  • the two machine parts 25, 26 can be coupled to one another by means of a coupling device 27.
  • the first machine part 25 viewed in the working direction 15 is primarily intended for carrying out the processes of introducing ballast, lifting and straightening, tamping and stabilizing. Following this, the second machine part 26 is primarily used for picking up and storing ballast.
  • the two machine parts 25, 26 are designed in such a way that gravel is conveyed over the coupling point by means of the conveyor device 24 and exchanged between the machine parts 25, 26.
  • a ballast storage 28 integrated in the second machine part 26 serves to supply ballast for small and medium-sized work operations.
  • the end of the second machine part 26 is designed in such a way that gravel fed in from a attachable storage wagon 29 is taken over and further distributed by means of the conveyor device 24.
  • Loadable and unloadable storage wagons 29 are used to transport bulk goods such as gravel, sand or overburden.
  • Storage wagons 29 of this type are also commonly referred to as material conveyor and silo wagons “MFS”.
  • Fig. 3 A storage wagon 29 is shown in broken lines. To expand the storage capacity, storage wagons 29 can be coupled together to form a conveyor chain for bulk goods of almost any length.
  • ballast pick-up device 30 with an integrated brush and/or suction device.
  • the collected gravel is either conveyed into the gravel storage 28 or directed directly to the gravel filling devices 16, 17, 18.
  • the discharge device 31 is arranged on the roof of the first machine part 25 and is rotatably mounted. In this way, a drop is possible either next to track 4, onto an adjacent track, or to a conveyor provided there, for example a wagon.
  • a lowerable plow 32 which is designed as a so-called front plow. This serves for a first ballast distribution of a basic ballast of the track 4 that has already taken place.
  • a further plow or ballast distribution device 33 is arranged in the second machine part 26 in front of the ballast receiving device 30 and thus downstream of the third ballast filling device 18.
  • a control and regulation system 34 and a computing unit 35 are installed in a protected area on the machine 1. Depending on the equipment of the machine 1, these can also be arranged in one of the driver's cabs 19. In well-equipped machine versions, a system is also set up for detecting track 4 and possible obstacles in the track area, for example using a rotating laser scanner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé d'usinage d'une voie ferrée (4) au moyen d'une machine de pose de voie (1) pouvant être déplacée sur la voie ferrée (4), dans lequel du ballast est introduit dans la voie ferrée (4) au moyen d'un premier dispositif de versement de ballast (16) avant un premier module de bourrage (7) par rapport à un sens de travail (15), dans lequel la voie ferrée (4) est levée dans une section d'usinage (22) limitée par deux mécanismes de roulement ferroviaires (2) au moyen d'un premier module de levage/d'alignement (11), alignée et subit un bourrage inférieur au moyen du premier module de bourrage (7), caractérisé en ce que d'autres étapes de travail successives sont réalisées dans la même section d'usinage (22) :
    - stabilisation du lit de ballast (5) au moyen d'un premier module de stabilisation (8),
    - introduction de ballast dans le lit de ballast (5) au moyen d'un deuxième dispositif de versement de ballast (17),
    - levage, alignement et bourrage inférieur de la voie ferrée (4) au moyen d'un second module de levage/d'alignement (12) et d'un second module de bourrage (9), et
    - stabilisation du lit de ballast (5) au moyen d'un second module de stabilisation (10).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que du ballast est introduit au moyen d'un troisième dispositif de versement de ballast (18) après le second module de stabilisation (10).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs de versement de ballast (16, 17, 18) sont alimentés en ballast à partir d'un réservoir de ballast (28) disposé dans la machine de pose de voie (1) au moyen d'une installation de transport (24).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs de versement de ballast (16, 17, 18) sont alimentés en ballast à partir d'au moins un wagon de stockage (29) attelé derrière la machine de pose de voie (1) par rapport au sens de travail (15) au moyen de l'installation de transport (24).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que du ballast sur les dispositifs de versement de ballast (16, 17, 18) indépendamment l'un de l'autre est introduit de manière dosée dans la voie ferrée (4) et que la quantité de ballast respective par unité de temps est introduite par un système de commande et de régulation (34) en fonction des exigences consignées et/ou réglées par commande d'actionneurs sur l'installation de transport (24) et sur les dispositifs de versement de ballast respectifs (16, 17, 18).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que des états réels prédominants du processus de travail respectivement en cours sont détectés au moyen d'un système vidéo et en fonction d'un système de capteurs ainsi que d'une technique de mesure installés dans les régions de travail respectives des dispositifs de versement de ballast (16, 17, 18) avec ceux-ci, que ces états réels sont transférés à l'aide de grandeurs de mesure à une unité de traitement (35) et transformés à l'aide d'algorithmes d'évaluation et de calcul, que ces informations transformées de l'état réel sont en outre ajustées avec des exigences de consigne consignées au moyen du système de commande et de régulation (34) et une commande correspondante des actionneurs se basant sur celles-ci est effectuée sur l'installation de transport (24) et sur les dispositifs de versement de ballast respectifs (16, 17, 18).
  7. Procédé selon une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que du ballast en excès sur la voie ferrée (4) est reçu au moyen d'un dispositif de réception de ballast (30) disposé à la suite de toutes les étapes de travail du levage/de l'alignement, du bourrage inférieur et de la stabilisation dans le sens de travail (15) et est acheminé à l'aide de l'installation de transport (24) au réservoir de ballast (28) et/ou au wagon de stockage (29) attelé sélectivement.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que des quantités en excès du ballast reçu avec le dispositif de réception de ballast (30) qui ne peuvent être acheminées à aucun réservoir (28, 29) sont évacuées au moyen d'une installation d'évacuation (31) dans une région latéralement en dehors de la voie ferrée (4).
  9. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un ballastage de sol de la voie ferrée (4) est effectué au moyen d'un dispositif de charrue (32) disposé en amont de l'ensemble des modules de levage/d'alignement, de bourrage et de stabilisation (7 à 12) dans le sens de travail (15).
  10. Machine de pose de voie (1) pour la réalisation d'un procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 9, pouvant être déplacée sur des mécanismes de roulement ferroviaires (2) sur la voie ferrée (4) couchée dans du ballast, comprenant un châssis de machine (14) et un châssis satellite (13) pouvant être déplacé en face du châssis de machine (14) dans la direction de tracé de la voie ferrée (4), dans laquelle un premier module de levage/d'alignement (11) et un premier module de bourrage (7) associé à celui-ci sont montés sur le châssis satellite (13), comprenant en outre un premier dispositif de versement de ballast (16) disposé avant le premier module de levage/d'alignement (11) ainsi qu'avant le premier module de bourrage (7) par rapport à un sens de travail (15), caractérisée en ce que les dispositifs et modules suivants sur le châssis satellite (13) sont disposés successivement, considérés dans le sens de travail (15), sur le premier module de bourrage (7) :
    - un premier module de stabilisation (8),
    - un deuxième dispositif de versement de ballast (17),
    - un second module de levage/d'alignement (12) et un second module de bourrage (9) associé à celui-ci,
    - le second module de stabilisation (10).
  11. Machine de pose de voie (1) selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce qu'un troisième dispositif de versement de ballast (18) est disposé derrière le second module de stabilisation (10) par rapport au sens de travail (15).
  12. Machine de pose de voie (1) selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisée en ce qu'un réservoir de ballast (28) et une installation de transport (24) pour le transport du ballast sont installés entre les dispositifs de versement de ballast (16, 17, 18), le réservoir de ballast (28) et/ou un wagon de stockage attelé (29).
  13. Machine de pose de voie (1) selon une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisée en ce que la machine de pose de voie (1) est réalisée en plusieurs parties, qu'une première partie de machine (25) comprend les dispositifs de versement de ballast (16, 17, 18), les modules de stabilisation (8, 10), les modules de bourrage (7, 9) et les modules de levage/d'alignement associés (11, 12), qu'une seconde partie de machine (26) comprend un dispositif de réception de ballast (30) et que les deux parties de machine (25, 26) sont connectées l'une à l'autre par le biais d'une installation d'attelage (27).
  14. Machine de pose de voie (1) selon une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisée en ce qu'un système de commande et de régulation (34), une unité de traitement (35) et un système vidéo ainsi qu'un système de capteurs et une technique de mesure sont installés.
  15. Machine de pose de voie (1) selon une des revendications 10 à 14, caractérisée en ce qu'une installation d'évacuation (31) pour du ballast ainsi qu'un dispositif de charrue (32) disposé en amont de l'ensemble des dispositifs et modules de travail (7 à 12) dans le sens de travail (15) sont installés.
EP22188192.3A 2021-08-04 2022-08-02 Procédé et machine d'usinage d'un rail Active EP4130380B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50635/2021A AT525273B1 (de) 2021-08-04 2021-08-04 Verfahren und Maschine zum Bearbeiten eines Gleises

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EP4130380A1 EP4130380A1 (fr) 2023-02-08
EP4130380B1 true EP4130380B1 (fr) 2024-02-14

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Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT304607B (de) * 1968-04-29 1973-01-10 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Gleisstopfmaschine
AT3876U3 (de) 2000-06-09 2001-02-26 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Verfahren und maschine zur unterstopfung eines gleises
AT505909B1 (de) * 2007-11-27 2009-05-15 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Verfahren und maschine zur verdichtung von schotter eines gleises

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AT525273A4 (de) 2023-02-15
AT525273B1 (de) 2023-02-15

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