EP4083506A1 - Procédé et agencement d'allumage d'un mélange combustible-air dans un appareil de chauffage pouvant fonctionner sur différents combustibles - Google Patents

Procédé et agencement d'allumage d'un mélange combustible-air dans un appareil de chauffage pouvant fonctionner sur différents combustibles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4083506A1
EP4083506A1 EP22161091.8A EP22161091A EP4083506A1 EP 4083506 A1 EP4083506 A1 EP 4083506A1 EP 22161091 A EP22161091 A EP 22161091A EP 4083506 A1 EP4083506 A1 EP 4083506A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
air
ignition
supply
time interval
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22161091.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
Original Assignee
Vaillant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant GmbH filed Critical Vaillant GmbH
Publication of EP4083506A1 publication Critical patent/EP4083506A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/20—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays
    • F23N5/203—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2204/00—Burners adapted for simultaneous or alternative combustion having more than one fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/02—Starting or ignition cycles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for igniting a fuel-air mixture in a heater that can be operated with different fuels.
  • so-called adaptive combustion systems, z. B. by means of an ionization controlled systems are able to burn a wide range of fuel gases.
  • Natural gas from different sources or with admixtures of hydrogen can be used. It is not only a question of large systems, but also of wall-mounted units for heating water and, in general, heaters for heating buildings and/or providing hot water.
  • Combustion in such systems is generally performed in a closed-loop control system designed to maintain a desired fuel gas/air mixture (often characterized by a lambda value, which indicates the ratio of air to fuel gas relative to a stoichiometric ratio).
  • a control circuit typically has a feedback loop in which the characteristics of a fuel are taken into account. In this way, the control circuit can recognize different fuels and react accordingly and burn them cleanly at the same time.
  • the lambda value is varied over a definable range (mixture range) during ignition within a time interval, within which ignition can be expected for all combustible gases that occur. According to the prior art, this is achieved by varying the supply of fuel gas with a constant supply of air. The supply of fuel gas can be changed very quickly, which is advantageous given the typically very short time intervals for ignition (e.g. 0.5 to 5 s [seconds]) and thus for varying the mixture.
  • ignition load indicates how much energy is available and (suddenly) released during ignition. If more fuel is supplied, the energy that is released during ignition changes accordingly, which can lead to violent explosions or even damage to components in the case of a high ignition load and delayed ignition.
  • the ignition load can increase (or decrease) by more than 30 % [percent] with typical variations in the fuel gas supply.
  • the object of the present invention is to at least partially solve the problems described with reference to the prior art.
  • a method and an arrangement are to be created in which the ignition load does not change or changes only slightly despite a variation in the lambda value during a time interval for ignition.
  • a method for igniting a fuel-air mixture in a heating device that can be operated with different fuels, in particular with different combustible gases, contributes to this.
  • This heater has a premixed burner to which air can be supplied premixed through an air supply and fuel through a fuel supply in a mixing ratio.
  • the mixing ratio of fuel to air is varied within a predeterminable time interval for ignition in order to cover a predeterminable mixture range, specifically (solely) by varying the air supply.
  • the method can be used to ignite various fuel-air mixtures.
  • the fuel can B. liquid (oil, etc.) and / or solid (pellets, etc.) and / or gaseous.
  • the fuel is particularly preferably a combustible gas, so that this application is particularly emphasized here—without wanting to limit the use of the method.
  • the air supply is generally effected by a blower, which generates a volume flow dependent on its speed.
  • the volume flow and thus the air supply can therefore be changed by varying the speed.
  • This is a preferred way of varying the air supply, but this excludes other ways such as e.g. B. the change in the position of a throttle valve, aperture or the like.
  • the fuel supply is preferably kept constant in the time interval for ignition. This is always the easiest and preferred way when the possibilities sufficient to change the volume flow of air in order to pass through or cover the entire mixture range within the time interval.
  • the air supply is varied in the maximum possible way in the time interval and the fuel supply or fuel gas supply varies only as much as is required to cover the entire mixture range. This can be necessary in particular if a blower whose rotating parts cannot be accelerated or decelerated at any speed (the so-called speed dynamics are therefore not sufficient for a desired rapid change) alone is not sufficient for the necessary mixture change in the time interval.
  • the supply of fuel or fuel gas is then also varied, but only to the smallest possible extent because of the described disadvantage of this procedure.
  • the position of a fuel gas valve can preferably be changed, but other ways of changing the fuel gas supply are also possible here in principle.
  • the time interval and the mixture range are selected in such a way that a maximum ignition load is not exceeded by the end of the time interval, regardless of the type of fuel or combustible gas supplied. This ensures that even under the most unfavorable conditions with the fuel or fuel gas that generates the highest ignition load, there can be no violent (hard) ignitions, so that reliable ignition can be carried out successfully or the ignition process can be repeated.
  • the ignition controller is set up to vary a blower for air supply with maximum speed dynamics and also to vary the fuel supply if the speed dynamics are not sufficient to cover a mixture range within the time interval.
  • a further aspect also relates to a computer program product comprising instructions which cause the arrangement described to carry out the method described. Carrying out the ignition sequence described requires a program and data, both of which must be updated from time to time.
  • the explanations for the method can be used for a more detailed characterization of the arrangement, and vice versa.
  • the arrangement can also be set up in such a way that the method is carried out with it.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a heater 1 with an air supply 2 equipped with a fan 4 and conveying air to a burner 6.
  • FIG. Combustion gas G is mixed with the air L via a fuel supply, here in the form of a fuel gas supply 3 with a fuel gas valve 5 .
  • the combustible gas/air mixture produced is ignited and burned in a combustion chamber 7 by means of an ignition device 10 .
  • Exhaust gases that are produced give off most of their heat to a heat exchanger 9 and are then discharged into the environment through an exhaust system 8 .
  • An ignition controller 12 usually integrated into a control and regulation unit 11 of the heater 1, controls each start of the heater 1 and the actual ignition process that takes place.
  • the ignition controller 12 controls the fan 4 and the fuel gas valve 5 via data or control lines 13.
  • An ignition line 14 connects the ignition controller 12 to the ignition device 10, in most cases an ignition electrode for generating ignition sparks.
  • the upper diagram shows the state of the art and the ignition load Z (curve A) that occurs when the mixing ratio of air L and fuel gas G is changed by varying the fuel gas feed 3 .
  • the ignition load Z increases in direct proportion to an increasing fuel gas supply 3, while the mixing ratio lambda (curve B) decreases.
  • the time t is plotted on the x-axis (e.g. in seconds), the time interval ⁇ t for the ignition being 10 s here.
  • the ignition load Z is plotted on the left-hand Y-axis, and the mixing ratio lambda on the right-hand Y-axis.
  • the time t is again plotted on the x-axis, a mass flow of air L on the right-hand y-axis and a mass flow on on the left-hand y-axis Fuel gas G.
  • the fuel gas supply 3 (curve C) is kept constant here, but the air supply 2 (curve D) is lowered in the time interval ⁇ t.
  • the present invention allows a heater 1, which can be operated with different fuel gases G, to be safely ignited without taking the risk of an undesirably high ignition load Z with possible consequential damage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP22161091.8A 2021-04-27 2022-03-09 Procédé et agencement d'allumage d'un mélange combustible-air dans un appareil de chauffage pouvant fonctionner sur différents combustibles Pending EP4083506A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021110711.3A DE102021110711A1 (de) 2021-04-27 2021-04-27 Verfahren und Anordnung zum Zünden eines Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches in einem Heizgerät, das mit unterschiedlichen Brennstoffen betreibbar ist

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4083506A1 true EP4083506A1 (fr) 2022-11-02

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22161091.8A Pending EP4083506A1 (fr) 2021-04-27 2022-03-09 Procédé et agencement d'allumage d'un mélange combustible-air dans un appareil de chauffage pouvant fonctionner sur différents combustibles

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4083506A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021110711A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022124830A1 (de) 2022-09-27 2024-03-28 Vaillant Gmbh Vorrichtung für ein Heizgerät, Heizgerät und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4118864A1 (de) * 1991-06-07 1992-12-10 Bta Beheizungstechnik Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verbrennen gasfoermigen oder fluessigen brennstoffs
DE10200128A1 (de) * 2002-01-04 2003-07-24 Josef Reichenbruch Fa Verfahren zur Erkennung von Gasarten und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennvorrichtung sowie Brennvorrichtung für die Durchführung dieser Verfahren
DE202018101271U1 (de) * 2018-03-07 2018-03-15 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Brenngasbetriebenes Heizgerät

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT406514B (de) 1997-04-28 2000-06-26 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zur zündung eines gasbeheizten brenners

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4118864A1 (de) * 1991-06-07 1992-12-10 Bta Beheizungstechnik Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verbrennen gasfoermigen oder fluessigen brennstoffs
DE10200128A1 (de) * 2002-01-04 2003-07-24 Josef Reichenbruch Fa Verfahren zur Erkennung von Gasarten und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennvorrichtung sowie Brennvorrichtung für die Durchführung dieser Verfahren
DE202018101271U1 (de) * 2018-03-07 2018-03-15 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Brenngasbetriebenes Heizgerät

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022124830A1 (de) 2022-09-27 2024-03-28 Vaillant Gmbh Vorrichtung für ein Heizgerät, Heizgerät und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb

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DE102021110711A1 (de) 2022-10-27

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