Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/06—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for facilitating soot removal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
  • C10L1/183—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof at least one hydroxy group bound to an aromatic carbon atom
  • C10L1/1832—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof at least one hydroxy group bound to an aromatic carbon atom mono-hydroxy
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
  • C10L1/183—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof at least one hydroxy group bound to an aromatic carbon atom
  • C10L1/1835—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof at least one hydroxy group bound to an aromatic carbon atom having at least two hydroxy substituted non condensed benzene rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
  • C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
  • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
  • C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
  • C10L2200/0415—Light distillates, e.g. LPG, naphtha
  • C10L2200/0423—Gasoline
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
  • C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
  • C10L2270/023—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for gasoline engines

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the use of particular alkyl-phenol type compounds as detergency additives in gasoline compositions.
• the present invention also relates to a process or method for improving the cleanliness and/or cleaning of at least one internal part of a spark-ignition internal combustion engine using these particular compounds.
• Liquid fuels for internal combustion engines contain components that can degrade during engine operation.
• the problem of deposits in the internal parts of combustion engines is well known to engine manufacturers. It has been shown that the formation of these deposits has consequences on engine performance and in particular has a negative impact on consumption and particle emissions. Advances in fuel additive technology have made it possible to address this problem.
• So-called detergent additives used in fuels have already been proposed to maintain the cleanliness of the engine by limiting deposits (“keep-clean” effect) or by reducing the deposits already present in the internal parts of the combustion engine (“keep-clean” effect). clean-up” in English).
• keep-clean a detergent additive for gasoline fuel containing a quaternary ammonium function.
• WO2006135881 describes a detergent additive containing a quaternary ammonium salt used to reduce or clean deposits particularly on intake valves.
• US2016160143A discloses the use of a Mannich base type detergency additive in combination with a polysiobutylene amine type additive in gasoline compositions, for better control of deposits on engine valves.
• engine technology is continually evolving and fuel requirements must evolve to accommodate these technological advances in combustion engines.
• new gasoline direct injection systems expose the injectors to more severe pressure and temperature conditions, which encourages the formation of deposits.
• these new injection systems have more complex geometries to optimize spraying, in particular, more numerous holes having smaller diameters but which, on the other hand, induce greater sensitivity to deposits.
• the presence of deposits can alter combustion performance, and in particular increase polluting emissions and particle emissions. Other consequences of the excessive presence of deposits have been reported in the literature, such as an increase in fuel consumption or even vehicle handling problems.
• hybrid vehicles or PHEV vehicles from the English “Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle” which are powered by both an electric battery and a conventional fuel composition such as in particular a gasoline composition.
• a gasoline composition such as in particular a gasoline composition.
• the gasoline composition is likely to be stored for particularly long periods in the vehicle's tank, when the latter operates essentially by means of its electric battery.
• the addition of the compounds according to the invention in a fuel composition of the gasoline type and comprising at least one detergency additive has the effect of increasing the detergent properties of said composition and of allowing the maintenance or even the improvement of these properties over time.
• These compounds thus make it possible to maintain the cleanliness of the engine, in particular by limiting or avoiding the formation of deposits (“keep-clean” effect) or by reducing the deposits already present in the internal parts of the combustion engine (“keep-clean” effect). clean-up” in English).
• the alkyl-phenol compounds used in the present invention are also known as anti-oxidant agents for fuel compositions, in particular of the Diesel type, that is to say with a function of improving oxidation stability. of these compositions.
• the discovery that these same additives can make it possible to improve the detergency properties of a gasoline fuel composition is totally unexpected, and is at the origin of the present invention.
• the subject of the present invention is thus the use, to improve the detergency properties of a liquid fuel composition chosen from gasolines comprising one or more detergency additives, of an additive consisting of one or more compound(s).
• non-nitrogenated(s) having an alkyl-phenol type structure chosen from methyl-t-butyl phenols, dimethyl-t-butyl phenols, ethyl-t-butyl phenols, t-butyl phenols, di-t-butyl phenols, tri-t-butyl phenols, di-t-butyl-di-methyl phenols, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methvl phenol, 4,6-di- tert-butyl-2-methylphenol, t-butyl hydroquinone, 2,3,6-trimethyl phenol, 2,4,6-trimethyl phenol, 4,4'-methylene bis (2,6-di-t -butyl phenol), and their
• the invention also relates to a process or method for improving the cleanliness and/or cleaning of at least one internal part of a spark-ignition internal combustion engine powered by a liquid fuel chosen from gasoline and comprising one or more detergency additives chosen from Mannich bases carrying a polyisobutylene group, polyisobutylenes succinimides functionalized with a quaternary ammonium group, fatty acid amides functionalized with a quaternary ammonium group and their dimers, alkylamidoalkyl betaines fatty chain, and mixtures of these compounds.
• the method according to the invention consists of adding to said fuel composition an additive consisting of one or more non-nitrogenous compound(s) as defined above.
• said additive is incorporated into the fuel composition at a minimum content of 5 ppm by weight, and at a content which may go up to 500 ppm by weight.
• the liquid fuel composition is chosen from hydrocarbon fuels, non-essentially hydrocarbon fuels, and mixtures thereof.
• the additive according to the invention is used in the liquid fuel to maintain cleanliness and/or clean at least one of the internal parts of said spark-ignition internal combustion engine.
• the additive is used in the liquid fuel to limit or avoid the formation of deposits in at least one of the internal parts of said engine and/or reduce the deposits existing in at least one of the internal parts of said engine.
• the deposits are located in at least one of the internal parts chosen from the engine intake system, the combustion chamber and the fuel injection system, and preferably the fuel injection system.
• the additive according to the invention is used to avoid and/or reduce the formation of deposits linked to the coking phenomenon and/or soap and/or varnish type deposits, preferably at the fuel injectors.
• the additive according to the invention also makes it possible to reduce the fuel consumption of the spark-ignition internal combustion engine.
• the internal combustion engine is a spark ignition engine, also known as a gasoline engine.
• the invention is particularly suitable for direct injection gasoline engines (DISI in English “Direct Injection Spark Ignition engine”).
• C N compound or group denotes a compound or group containing N carbon atoms in its chemical structure.
• Alkyl phenol compounds The invention uses as an additive one or more non-nitrogenous compound(s) having an alkyl-phenol type structure.
• non-nitrogenous we mean that the compounds according to the invention do not include a nitrogen atom in their formula.
• alkyl-phenol type structure, we mean that the compounds according to the invention have in their formula a nucleus phenolic (i.e. mono- or poly-hydroxybenzene) substituted by at least one alkyl group.
• These compounds are chosen from methyl-t-butyl phenols, dimethyl-t-butyl phenols, ethyl-t-butyl phenols, t-butyl phenols, di-t-butyl phenols, tri-t-butyl phenols , di-t-butyl-di-methyl phenols, and mixtures thereof.
• Preferred compounds are chosen from 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methyl phenol (BHT), 4,6-di-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol, t-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), 2 .6 and 2,4 di-t-butyl phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butyl phenol, 2,4,6-tri-t-butyl phenol, 2,3,6-trimethyl phenol, 2,4,6- trimethyl phenol, 4,4'- methylene bis (2,6-di-t-butyl phenol) (No. CASE 1 18-82-1 ), alone or in mixture.
• BHT 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methyl phenol
• TBHQ t-butyl hydroquinone
• 2 .6 and 2,4 di-t-butyl phenol 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butyl phenol
• 2,4,6-tri-t-butyl phenol 2,3,6-trimethyl phenol
• the particularly preferred compounds are chosen from tert-butyl phenols such as in particular 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methyl phenol (BHT), 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butyl phenol, methyl-tert-butylphenol, 2,6 and 2,4 di-t-butyl phenol, 2,4,6-tri-t-butyl phenol, and mixtures thereof.
• BHT 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methyl phenol
• BHT 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butyl phenol
• methyl-tert-butylphenol 2,6 and 2,4 di-t-butyl phenol
• 2,4,6-tri-t-butyl phenol 2,4,6-tri-t-butyl phenol
• the alkyl-phenol type additive according to the invention is used to improve the detergency performance of a liquid fuel composition chosen from gasolines and which comprises one or more detergency additives.
• a liquid fuel composition chosen from gasolines and which comprises one or more detergency additives.
• the incorporation, including in very small quantities (for example less than 50ppm by weight relative to the total weight of the composition), of the compound according to the invention in such a fuel produces an effect on the cleanliness spark ignition engines powered by said fuel, compared to the same gasoline fuel comprising the same detergency additive(s) in the same proportions, but not comprising the alkyl-phenol type additive according to the invention.
• said additive is used to improve (or boost) the detergent performance of at least one detergency additive, in a gasoline composition.
• the additive according to the invention is used to improve the detergency performance of such a gasoline composition, which is stored for a period of at least 3 months, preferably a period of at least 6 months before being consumed.
• the use of said additive in the gasoline composition makes it possible, during combustion thereof, to limit or avoid the formation of at least one type of deposits such as described below, and/or to reduce at least one type of existing deposits, compared to liquid fuel not comprising such a compound.
• the use of the additives according to the invention in a gasoline type fuel makes it possible to maintain the cleanliness of at least one of the internal parts of the internal combustion engine and/or to clean at least one of the internal parts of the engine. internal combustion.
• alkyl phenol compounds as additives in fuel makes it possible in particular to limit or avoid the formation of deposits in at least one of the internal parts of said engine (“keep-clean” effect in English) and/or to reduce deposits. existing in at least one of the internal parts of said engine (“clean-up” effect in English).
• the use of said compound as an additive in the fuel makes it possible to observe both the two effects of limitation (or prevention) and reduction of deposits (“keep-clean” and “clean-up” effects).
• Deposits are distinguished depending on the type of spark-ignition internal combustion engine and the location of the deposits in the internal parts of said engine.
• the spark-ignition internal combustion engine (or gasoline engine) is a direct injection engine (DISI in English “Direct Injection Spark Ignition engine”).
• the internal combustion engine is a vehicle spark ignition engine. hybrid, preferably direct injection.
• the deposits targeted are those located in at least one of the internal parts of said spark-ignition engine.
• the internal part of the spark ignition engine kept clean (keep-clean) and/or cleaned (clean-up) is advantageously chosen from the intake system of the engine, in particular the intake valves (IVD in English “ Intake Valve Deposit”), the combustion chamber (CCD in English “Combustion Chamber Deposit” or TCD in English “Total Chamber Deposit”) and the fuel injection system, in particular the injectors of an indirect injection system (PFI in English “Port Fuel Injector”) and/or the injectors of a direct injection system (DISI).
• the targeted deposits are located on the injectors of a direct injection system.
• the improvement in the detergency properties provided by the use according to the invention is evaluated by means of one of the following test methods: the CEC F-05-A-93 method, the CEC method F-20-A-98, and the CEC TDG-F-113 method (version dated 09/15/2015), and preferably the aforementioned CEC TDG-F-113 method.
• the use of the additives according to the invention also makes it possible to reduce the fuel consumption of the spark-ignition internal combustion engine.
• the use of the additives according to the invention also makes it possible to reduce emissions of pollutants, in particular emissions of particles from the internal combustion engine.
• the additive according to the invention can be added to the liquid fuel within a refinery and/or be incorporated downstream of the refinery, possibly mixed with other additives in the form of an additive package.
• the compound(s) having an alkyl-phenol type structure according to the invention are advantageously used in the fuel composition at a total content of at least 5 ppm by weight, relative to the total weight of said composition.
• said compounds are used at a total content ranging from 5 to 500 ppm by weight, preferably from 10 to 200 ppm by weight, more preferably from 15 to 100 ppm by weight and better still from 20 to 50 ppm by weight, relative to the total weight of the fuel composition.
• the gasoline fuel composition in which the compound(s) having an alkyl-phenol type structure are used as additives, typically comprises at least one liquid hydrocarbon cut from one or more sources chosen from the group consisting of mineral sources, animal sources, plant sources and synthetic sources.
• the fuel composition is advantageously chosen from hydrocarbon fuels and non-essentially hydrocarbon fuels, and mixtures thereof.
• Hydrocarbon fuel means a fuel consisting of one or more compounds consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen.
• non-essentially hydrocarbon fuel a fuel consisting of one or more compounds consisting not essentially of carbon and hydrogen, that is to say which also contain other atoms, in particular oxygen atoms.
• Hydrocarbon fuels include, in particular, light distillates having a boiling point in the gasoline range.
• Gasolines include, in particular, all commercially available spark ignition engine fuel compositions. As a representative example, we can cite gasolines meeting the NF EN 228 standard. Gasolines generally have sufficiently high octane indices to avoid the knocking phenomenon. Typically, gasoline-type fuels marketed in Europe, complying with the NF EN 228 standard, have a motor octane number (MON in English “Motor Octane Number”) greater than 85 and a research octane number (RON in English “ Research Octane Number”) of a minimum of 95. Gasoline type fuels generally have a RON ranging from 90 to 100 and a MON ranging from 80 to 90, the RON and MON being measured according to ASTM D 2699- 86 or D 2700-86.
• MON motor octane number
• RON research octane number
• Non-essentially hydrocarbon fuels include in particular oxygenated ones, for example distillates resulting from the BTL (biomass to liquid) conversion of plant and/or animal biomass, taken alone or in combination; biofuels, for example oils and/or esters of vegetable and/or animal oils; bioethanols.
• oxygenated ones for example distillates resulting from the BTL (biomass to liquid) conversion of plant and/or animal biomass, taken alone or in combination
• biofuels for example oils and/or esters of vegetable and/or animal oils
• bioethanols for example oils and/or esters of vegetable and/or animal oils
• Mixtures of hydrocarbon fuel and non-essentially hydrocarbon fuel are typically E x type gasolines.
• E By type E (ETBE), x denoting a number ranging from 0 to 100.
• the sulfur content of the fuel composition is preferably less than or equal to 50 ppm, or even less than 10 ppm and advantageously sulfur-free.
• the fuel composition according to the invention further comprises one or more detergency additive(s), also called detergent additive(s), different from the alkyl phenol compounds according to the invention, and which can be chosen from the additives detergent for commonly used fuels.
• detergency additive(s) also called detergent additive(s)
• the latter are compounds well known to those skilled in the art.
• the detergent additives may be in particular (but not limited to) chosen from the group consisting of amines, succinimides, alkenylsuccinimides, polyalkylamines, polyalkyl polyamines, polyetheramines, quaternary ammonium salts, triazole derivatives, and Mannich bases, and more preferably among Mannich bases, quaternary ammonium salts, and polyisobutylene mono- or poly-amines (or PIB-amines), more preferably still among quaternary ammonium salts and even better among polyisobutylenes succinimides functionalized with a quaternary ammonium group, fatty acid amides functionalized with a quaternary ammonium group and their dimers such as the di-(alkylamido-propyl-quaternary ammonium) compounds described for example in the patent application European No. 18306589.5 , and fatty chain alkylamidoalkyl betaines.
• detergent additives are given in the following documents: EP0938535 , US2012/0010112 , WO2012/004300 , US4171959 And WO2006135881 .
• block copolymers formed of at least one polar unit and one apolar unit such as for example those described in the patent application FR 1761700 in the name of the Applicant.
• the fuel composition comprises at least one detergent additive consisting of a quaternary ammonium salt, obtained by reaction with a quaternization agent of a nitrogen compound comprising a tertiary amine function, this nitrogen compound being the product of the reaction of an acylating agent substituted by a hydrocarbon group and a compound comprising at least one tertiary amine group and at least one group chosen from primary amines, secondary amines and alcohols.
• said nitrogen compound is the reaction product of a succinic acid derivative substituted by a hydrocarbon group, preferably a polyisobutenyl-succinic anhydride, and of an alcohol or a primary or secondary amine also comprising a group tertiary amine.
• Such detergent additives, as well as preferred combinations of detergent additives comprising them, are described in particular in the patent application WO 2015/124584 in the name of the plaintiff.
• Particularly preferred additives are chosen from Mannich bases carrying a polyisobutylene group; polyisobutylene mono- or poly-amines; polyisobutylenes succinimides functionalized with a quaternary ammonium group; fatty acid amides functionalized with a quaternary ammonium group and their dimers such as di-(alkylamido-propyl-quaternary ammonium) compounds; fatty chain alkylamidoalkyl betaines; and mixtures of these compounds.
• the total content of detergent additive(s) of the fuel composition ranges from 5 to 5,000 ppm by weight, preferably from 10 to 1000 ppm by weight, and better still from 20 to 500 ppm by weight, relative to the total weight of the fuel composition.
• the ratio between the total weight content of compound(s) having an alkyl-phenol type structure according to the invention on the one hand and the total weight content of detergent additive(s) on the other hand ranges from 1:60 at 1:2, preferably 1:20 to 1:3.
• the fuel composition may also comprise other additives, in addition to the additive(s) consisting of compound(s) having an alkyl-phenol type structure according to the invention and the compound(s) detergent additives described above.
• This or these other additives will be chosen according to the type of gasoline fuel. They can for example be chosen, in a non-limiting manner, from anti-corrosion additives, antioxidant additives, dispersing additives, demulsifying additives, anti-foaming agents, biocides, reodorants, procetane additives, friction modifiers, lubricating additives or lubricity additives, combustion aiding agents (catalytic combustion and soot promoters), cold resistance additives and in particular agents improving the cloud point, the pour point, TLF (“Filterability Limit Temperature”), anti-sedimentation agents, anti-wear agents, tracers, solvents/carrier oils and conductivity modifying agents.
• anti-corrosion additives antioxidant additives, dispersing additives, demulsifying additives, anti-foaming agents, biocides, reodorants, procetane additives, friction modifiers, lubricating additives or lubricity additives
• combustion aiding agents catalytic combustion and soo
• lubricating additives and anti-corrosion additives such as those cited in a) and b) above.
• Additional additives may be present in quantities ranging, for each, from 5 to 1000 ppm (each), preferably from 50 to 500 ppm by weight, relative to the total weight of the fuel composition.
• the process or method for improving the cleanliness and/or cleaning of at least one internal part of a spark-ignition internal combustion engine powered by a liquid fuel chosen from gasolines comprising one or more detergency additives consists of adding to said fuel composition an additive consisting of at least one non-nitrogenous compound having an alkyl-phenol type structure as described above.
• the composition according to the invention is stored for a period of at least 3 months, and preferably at least 6 months, between steps a) and b) above.
• This storage of the composition can be carried out in the tank of a vehicle, in particular of a hybrid vehicle (in particular of the PHEV type), or outside of any vehicle.
• the internal combustion engine is a direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engine.
• DISI direct injection spark ignition
• the kept clean and/or cleaned internal part of the spark ignition engine is preferably chosen from the intake system of the engine, in particular the intake valves (IVD), the combustion chamber (CCD or TCD) and the fuel injection system, in particular the injectors of an indirect injection system (PFI) or the injectors of a direct injection system (DISI), and preferably the injectors of an injection system direct.
• the intake valves IVD
• the combustion chamber CCD or TCD
• the fuel injection system in particular the injectors of an indirect injection system (PFI) or the injectors of a direct injection system (DISI), and preferably the injectors of an injection system direct.
• PFI direct injection system
• DISI direct injection system
• step (a) above is preceded by a prior step of determining the content of compound(s) of alkyl-phenol type structure to be incorporated into said fuel composition to achieve a given specification relating to the detergency properties of the fuel composition.
• This preliminary step is part of current practice in the field of fuel additives and involves defining at least one characteristic representative of the detergency properties of the fuel composition as well as a target value.
• the characteristic representative of the detergency properties of the fuel will depend on the type of spark-ignition internal combustion engine, the direct or indirect injection system and the location in the engine of the deposits targeted for cleaning and/or maintaining cleanliness. .
• the process of maintaining cleanliness (keep-clean) and/or cleaning (clean-up) may also include an additional step c) after step b), checking the target achieved and/or adjusting the additivation rate with the compound(s) according to the invention.
• the procedure takes place in two stages.
• a first stage clogging or “dirty-up” phase lasting 48 hours
• CEC RF83-A-81 fuel a classic reference fouling fuel, without additives.
• This phase results in an increase in injection time due to clogging of the injectors.
• tinj0 the injection time at the start of the test
• tinj48 the injection time at the end of the dirty-up phase.
• cleaning or “clean-up” consists of using an additive fuel for 24 hours while continuing to measure the evolution of the injection time.
• tinj72 as the injection time at the end of the “clean-up” phase.
• the percentage of restoration of the injection time after the clean-up step is calculated according to: (tinj48 - tinj72) x 100 / (tinj48 - tinj-0).
• the test was carried out by using in the second stage an E fuel consisting of an unleaded gasoline 98 meeting the EN228 standard, additive with a classic multifunctional additive package containing a classic commercial detergency additive consisting of a base of Mannich.
• This detergency additive is present in the additive gasoline composition at a treatment rate of 258 ppm by weight (258 mg/kg).
• gasoline E on the one hand (comparison), then with gasoline E' (invention) which corresponds to gasoline E to which 30 ppm by weight of an additive A consisting of of a mixture of compounds having an alkyl-phenol type structure.
• additive A made it possible to improve the detergent properties of the gasoline composition.
• composition E deteriorated after 6 months of storage.
• additive A makes it possible not only to avoid a deterioration of the detergency properties, but above all to improve these properties: in fact, after 6 months of storage, the detergent performance of composition E' does not only are greater than those of composition E, but in addition they are greater than that of the initial composition E before its storage.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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• 2019
  • 2019-11-29 FR FR1913472A patent/FR3103812B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-11-26 WO PCT/EP2020/083480 patent/WO2021105268A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2020-11-26 EP EP20811000.7A patent/EP4065671B1/fr active Active
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