Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
  • B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
  • B05C3/09—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating separate articles
  • B05C3/109—Passing liquids or other fluent materials into or through chambers containing stationary articles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
  • C25D13/22—Servicing or operating apparatus or multistep processes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
  • B05B5/001—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means incorporating means for heating or cooling, e.g. the material to be sprayed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
  • B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
  • B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
  • B05B5/081—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects specially adapted for treating particulate materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C15/00—Enclosures for apparatus; Booths
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
  • B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
  • B05C3/04—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material with special provision for agitating the work or the liquid or other fluent material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
  • C25D13/12—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process characterised by the article coated

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for the surface treatment of a workpiece in a production line with a positioning frame, which has a coupling for a positioning drive, for the workpiece to be treated.
• a device for surface treatment, in particular for coloring workpieces is known from US20170246652A1.
• the device consists of a container that can be hermetically sealed with a lid.
• the container is broken through by several connection lines via which a fluid or powdery surface treatment agent can be introduced or discharged and an overpressure or underpressure can be applied.
• the container can be heated or cooled via a temperature control element attached to the outside of the jacket. Due to the complex design and equipment of the device, a high quality of the surface treatment can be achieved, but a coating process carried out in this device reaches its limits, especially at higher production rates.
• the production rate can only be increased by parallelization of several devices, which, however, would lead to enormous investment costs due to the technical complexity of the device.
• US6471837 discloses a production line.
• the production line includes a central distribution chamber that holds the workpieces leads through various hermetically sealed sub-chambers.
• the sub-chambers can be evacuated and are equipped with different devices, for example with cathode atomizers and temperature control elements, depending on the surface treatment process.
• the disadvantage of this, however, is that such production lines are extremely inflexible with regard to different surface treatment processes, since the sub-chambers are firmly connected to the distribution chamber.
• electrochemical dipping processes are known from the prior art.
• the car bodies are arranged on a positioning frame that can be rotated via a positioning drive and are thus immersed in an electrically conductive dip lacquer.
• a DC voltage is applied between the car body, which acts as a cathode, and an anode, the dip paint falls out on the car body and remains there.
• the quality of the paintwork decreases due to soiling of the immersion paint and changing particle concentrations in the immersion paint basin, especially with large production cycles.
• the introduction of air bubbles leads to two-phase mixtures, which also reduce the quality of the surface treatment.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a device and a method for surface treatment of the type described at the outset, which is independent of the type of surface treatment an increase in the production rate allows without having to accept losses in terms of the surface quality of the coating.
• the invention achieves the stated problem in that a hermetically lockable capsule is supported against the positioning frame, which capsule has connecting lines for the exchange of operating resources with various operating resources supply units arranged along the production line.
• all process steps required for surface treatment be it the transport of the workpiece through the production line, the pretreatment of the workpiece, the application of various operating materials, such as substances for surface treatment, on the workpiece, the cross-linking of the substances for surface treatment, etc.
• the capsule is dimensioned in such a way that it offers enough space to accommodate the workpiece, but nevertheless allows the atmosphere enclosed by the capsule (pressure, temperature, humidity, etc.) to be manipulated in the most energy-saving way possible, and thus allows the process conditions to be controlled precisely.
• the closed atmosphere is manipulated by connecting lines which enable the exchange of operating resources between the capsule and operating resources supply units arranged along the production line. Any active process components in the capsule itself are kept to a minimum.
• the capsule is designed as a reaction space for treating the surface of the workpiece and for manipulating the atmosphere in the capsule.
• materials for pretreating the workpiece such as cleaning agents, materials for surface treatment such as liquid or powder coatings, nanoparticles, but also materials for influencing the atmosphere, such as industrial air, water vapor and the like, can be regarded as operating materials.
• the capsule is equipped with simple electrical components, such as a temperature control element, electrical current is used as the operating medium.
• Equipment electromagnetic radiation can be used to manipulate the atmosphere or the workpiece, which in this case are not routed through the connecting cables.
• connection lines are not only suitable for filling the capsule with operating media, but also for emptying the capsule, a negative pressure or vacuum can be generated in the capsule by sucking in air as operating media.
• the operating resources are made available by operating resource supply units which are arranged along the production line, comprise conveying devices for the operating resources and provide different operating resources depending on the type of surface treatment.
• the positioning frame with the capsules supported against it is conveyed via a positioning drive which is connected to the positioning frame via a coupling.
• the positioning drive can be designed independently of the positioning frame, for example as a cable drive or rail drive, and can only be connected to the positioning frame via a coupling.
• the positioning drive can, however, also be integrated into the positioning frame or, in a particularly preferred embodiment, form a unit separate from the positioning frame.
• the capsule can also be used for the immersion and replacement process in a dipping process.
• the workpiece can be arranged in the capsule and the capsule evacuated via the connection lines.
• the evacuated capsule can be immersed in the immersion paint bath via the positioning drive, after which the workpiece is conveyed out of the capsule through the immersion paint bath to a second capsule via transport devices.
• the second capsule can then be closed, evacuated and conveyed out of the immersion paint bath via the positioning drive.
• the positioning frame form the connection lines for flow connection with the capsule.
• the connection lines are therefore not loosely arranged on the capsule, but are guided through the frame.
• the frame itself can be the connection line, so that separate connection lines between the operating material supply units and the capsule can be avoided and the required manufacturing effort can be reduced.
• the frame can have a corresponding inner coating. Regardless of whether the connection lines are led through the frame or are formed by the frame, twisting or tangling of the connection lines can be prevented and unhindered access to the capsule can be made possible for inspection activities, for example.
• connection lines pass through the coupling for the positioning drive. Both the mechanical connection and the supply of operating resources can thus take place via a connection point which, in terms of its position relative to the operating resources supply units, is independent of the relative position of the capsule or the positioning frame. With a corresponding design of the coupling, the connecting line experiences only low bending moments, which means that the connecting lines have a particularly long service life.
• the drive shaft of the positioning drive connected to the positioning frame can be made hollow, so that the connecting lines can be passed through the positioning drive within this drive shaft from the positioning frame.
• the positioning frame can have a coupling axis connecting two opposing couplings, which forms two separate connecting line sections for different operating mediums for the two couplings.
• One connecting line section can accordingly be connected to a first operating material supply unit, which supplies the interior of the capsule with an operating medium for surface treatment or surface pretreatment of the workpiece, whereas the other connecting line section can be connected to a second operating material supply unit that evacuates the capsule, with a temperature control fluid and / or supplied with humidity.
• the coupling axis connecting two opposing couplings forms a rotation axis for the positioning frame for evenly distributing the equipment in the capsule.
• a positioning drive of the positioning frame can therefore not only be provided for the translational movement of the capsule through a production line, but also for the rotation of the capsule about the coupling axis.
• two separate positioning drives or a single positioning drive can be provided, which enables both a translational movement of the capsule and a rotation about the coupling axis as a horizontal axis of rotation.
• Energy-saving transportation of the capsule through the production line can be achieved if the positioning frame has a chassis that is independent of the positioning drive. While the positioning drive can be guided on rails, for example, the chassis of the positioning frame can have a set of rollers for transferring the loads, whereby the load on the couplings can be relieved and their service life is increased.
• the positioning frame preferably forms a unit with the lower capsule part, on which the workpiece is placed and fastened with the positioning frame within the lower capsule part, after which the upper capsule part is placed on the lower capsule part and the capsule is thus hermetically sealed.
• the capsule upper part can be connected to the capsule lower part via a flange that encircles the capsule and has electrical contacts. Due to the arrangement according to the invention, the contact is nevertheless protected from corrosion, accelerated by any operating means in the capsule interior or other environmental influences.
• the upper part of the capsule can have inlet valves connected to the connecting lines and the lower part of the capsule can have drain valves for operating materials that are connected to the connecting lines.
• the inlet valves can vary depending on the surface treatment process. If the device is used for powder coating, the inlet valves for example, have rotary bells, finger nozzles, baffle plate nozzles and / or flat jet nozzles.
• liquid operating media can also be transported away from the capsule in a favorable manner.
• the invention also relates to a method for the surface treatment of a workpiece moved on a positioning frame by positioning drives in a production line.
• the workpiece be arranged in a hermetically sealable capsule, after which the closed capsule supported on the positioning frame is gradually differentiated by positioning drives
• Resource supply units of a production line are conveyed, each coupled, supplied with operating resources and uncoupled again.
• the type of surface treatment the
• Resource supply units comprise different operating resources. If the method for surface treatment is, for example, an electrophoretic deposition method, the first operating material supply unit can apply a cleaning agent to the capsule interior to remove grease or paint residues adhering to the workpiece. After the cleaning agent has been removed by the equipment supply unit, the capsule is uncoupled and, with the aid of the positioning drive of the positioning frame, transported to another equipment supply unit, which fills the interior of the capsule, for example, with an electrolyte to create a conversion layer on the workpiece, and then empties it again.
• a third equipment supply unit can supply electrically conductive liquid paint to the interior of the capsule for coating the workpiece.
• the workpiece can also be connected as an anode.
• a cathode must be arranged in the capsule.
• the applied paint is crosslinked. This can be done, for example, by supplying hot air from another operating material supply unit or by a temperature control element. Since the device has several connection lines for the simultaneous application of different operating media, the process conditions, that is to say the temperature, the pressure and the air humidity, can be influenced during each process step.
• the capsule loaded with equipment can be rotated about a horizontal axis of rotation.
• the rotation can take place before, during and / or after the application.
• At least one equipment has dielectrically or inductively excitable particles and that the electromagnetically permeable capsule is passed through an electromagnetic field to heat the particles.
• the particles can already be part of the equipment for surface treatment, as is the case, for example, with metallic pigments in powder or liquid paints.
• dielectrically or inductively excitable particles can be conveyed into the capsule as part of a hardening agent in a further process step. If the particles are now excited by the electromagnetic radiation of an electromagnetic field, they heat up.
• the heat generated in this way can be used to fix the paints, therefore to evaporate the solvents contained in the liquid paints or to crosslink the powder paints. It turned out that electromagnetic fields with a frequency of 30 kHz to 300 MHz due to their sufficient penetration depth, they are particularly suitable for exciting the particles in the capsule and for generating the desired curing temperatures of preferably 150 to 200.degree.
• the method according to the invention does not heat the workpiece, but rather only the layer containing the dielectrically or inductively excitable particles, whereby the desired temperature conditions can be quickly reached and precisely regulated. A complete fixation of different lacquers can be achieved if the particles are exposed to the electromagnetic field for about 5 to 50 minutes. Initial calculations have shown that this can save 90% of the drying energy compared to drying processes known from the prior art.
• FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a production line with several devices according to the invention for surface treatment and operating material supply units
• FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a production line with two devices according to the invention for surface treatment and an emitter for generating an electromagnetic alternating field
• FIG. 4 shows a side view of a production line with several devices according to the invention for surface treatment and operating material supply units.
• a device according to the invention for the surface treatment of a workpiece has, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 2, a capsule 2 supported on a positioning frame 1. So that the capsule 2 along an in 1, the positioning frame 1 is connected to a positioning drive 4 via a coupling 3. As can also be seen from FIG. 2, two positioning drives 4 can also be provided, each of which is connected to the positioning frame 1 via a coupling 3.
• the capsule 2 can be hermetically sealed, creating a reaction space that is closed off from the environment. By keeping the reaction space as small as possible, a particularly resource-saving surface treatment can be made possible, since the process conditions can be influenced and optimized even by small flows of operating media.
• the manipulation of the atmosphere or the control of the process conditions in the reaction space and the application of the same with operating materials for surface treatment is carried out via connecting lines 5 which connect the capsule 2 fluidically with operating material supply units 6 arranged along the production line.
• the operating resource supply units can supply the capsule 2 with different operating resources depending on the type of surface treatment, so that the production line can be used for different surface treatment processes without having to initiate structurally complex measures.
• the positioning frame 1 itself can be a part of the connection lines 5, whereby a simple flow connection between the capsule 2 and the
• connection lines 5 are guided through the coupling 3 and the positioning drive 4.
• the positioning drives 4, which include the have the task of gradually transporting the device through the production line, can be mounted on rails 7.
• the positioning frame 1 can the two clutches 3 have coupling axis 8 mechanically connecting.
• the coupling axis 8 forms two connecting line sections separated from one another by a shut-off valve 9.
• the coupling axis 8 functions as a horizontal axis of rotation, as a result of which the capsule 2 can be rotated by a rotary drive 10 of the positioning drive 4.
• a rotary drive 10 of the positioning drive 4 As a result, any operating resources in the capsule interior, that is to say in the reaction chamber, can be evenly distributed and applied homogeneously to the workpiece not shown.
• the positioning frame 1 can have a chassis 11 comprising rollers.
• the capsule 2 can be loaded with a workpiece in a particularly simple manner if the fleas F1 of the upper capsule part 12 protrudes beyond the fleas h of the lower capsule part 13.
• the upper part 12 and the lower part 13 of the capsule are connected to one another via a flange 14.
• the flange 14 has electrical contacts (not shown).
• the capsule upper part 12 has inlet valves 15 connected to the connection lines 5 and the capsule lower part 13 has outlet valves 16.
• the shut-off valve 9 also takes on the function of a drain valve 16.
• the positioning frame 1, together with the drain valves 16, can pass through the lower capsule part 13.
• FIG. 3 shows an emitter 17 for generating an electromagnetic alternating field, by means of which dielectrically or inductively excitable particles contained in an operating medium, for example metallic pigments of a powder or liquid paint, or any nanoparticles, are excited and subsequently heat up .
• the heat generated can be used to network the equipment applied to the workpieces.
• Fig. 4 the possibility of rotating the capsule 2 about a horizontal axis of rotation is shown, for example.
• the dashed lines 18 indicate different fill level levels of the operating medium when filling or pumping out by the operating medium supply units 6.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Coating Apparatus (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=72471035

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2019
  • 2019-10-16 AT ATA50891/2019A patent/AT522169B1/de active
• 2020
  • 2020-10-14 US US17/769,608 patent/US20230219111A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-10-14 CN CN202080071021.6A patent/CN114729465A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-10-14 JP JP2022523089A patent/JP2022553679A/ja active Pending
  • 2020-10-14 WO PCT/AT2020/060372 patent/WO2021072470A1/de unknown
  • 2020-10-14 EP EP20806921.1A patent/EP4045700A1/de active Pending

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