EP3889351A1 - Parpaing et revêtement de surface - Google Patents

Parpaing et revêtement de surface Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3889351A1
EP3889351A1 EP21165989.1A EP21165989A EP3889351A1 EP 3889351 A1 EP3889351 A1 EP 3889351A1 EP 21165989 A EP21165989 A EP 21165989A EP 3889351 A1 EP3889351 A1 EP 3889351A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete block
layer
concrete
water
block layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21165989.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernhard Godelmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Godelmann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Godelmann Pflasterstein GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Godelmann Pflasterstein GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Godelmann Pflasterstein GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3889351A1 publication Critical patent/EP3889351A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
    • E01C5/065—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders characterised by their structure or component materials, e.g. concrete layers of different structure, special additives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
    • E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
    • E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a concrete block according to the preamble of claim 1 and a surface covering according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • Concrete blocks in particular paving stones, steps, wall and boundary stones made of concrete are well known from the prior art. Such concrete blocks are often used in the construction of roads, traffic routes and landscaping for the production of surface coverings, walls, stairs or other structures built into the ground.
  • the rainwater hitting the surface of the surface is drained off as effectively and sufficiently as possible.
  • the rainwater that hits it is usually drained away, whereby the rainwater, depending on the nature of the shaped stones, in particular depending on the type of concrete used to manufacture the shaped stones, only via an infiltration path through the joints or over a seepage path can seep through the joints and the shaped stones themselves.
  • a surface covering made of two-layer shaped stones which have a water-absorbing, water-permeable layer underneath an essentially water-impermeable layer on the surface. Due to the water-permeable design of the lower layer, the rainwater can flow down both over the joints and at least partially over the water-permeable layer in the direction of the bedding layer and thus hits the bedding layer over an area, which can reduce so-called blocking of the joints.
  • the future goal is to preserve the natural water balance in settlement areas in order to limit damage caused by heavy rain. Ideally, between 34% and 92% of the rainwater should evaporate and transpire and the rest should seep into the ground, i.e. be returned to the groundwater.
  • the concrete block also has a multilayer structure and is designed to be placed on a bedding layer of a subsurface and to be laid as a composite.
  • the molded block comprises at least one water-impermeable, first layer arranged along the upper side of the molded block and at least one directly adjoining water-permeable, second layer and at least one third layer adjoining the second layer.
  • the third layer is designed as a water-impermeable layer and arranged on the underside of the concrete block provided for resting on the bedding layer, and the second layer arranged between the first and third layer is designed to absorb and store water.
  • the impermeability of the third layer to water leads to the fact that it is in the second layer Waterlogging forms and the second layer becomes oversaturated. Disadvantageously, the onset of the evaporation effect is delayed in time or only starts to a limited extent if the concrete block is heated too little. Another disadvantage is that the evaporation properties of such a concrete block are therefore limited due to the water-impermeable third layer. The formation of waterlogging during a freeze / thaw cycle can also lead to damage to the concrete block, which is particularly disadvantageous.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a concrete block, in particular a paving block made of concrete, which eliminates the disadvantages of the prior art and which also enables moisture to be absorbed from the bedding material below the concrete block.
  • the object is achieved by a concrete block according to claim 1 and a surface covering according to claim 11.
  • Concrete blocks within the meaning of the invention can in particular be paving stones and slabs made of concrete, which can be laid in a composite on a bedding layer.
  • the third concrete block layer of the concrete block according to the invention is water-permeable and has a lower water permeability compared to the second concrete block layer.
  • a water-permeable layer with a lower water permeability is understood in the context of the invention as a concrete block layer in which water can penetrate through this layer, but with a time delay and / or compared to a water-permeable concrete block layer with normal or higher water permeability at a reduced or reduced speed.
  • this layer is not designed to take up and store water. This particularly advantageously prevents waterlogging in the second concrete block layer, i.e.
  • the amount of water absorbed by the second water-permeable concrete block layer can be adjusted or better regulated in such a way that improved evaporation properties of the concrete block or concrete paving stone are created. This also effectively prevents damage to the concrete block in the event of waterlogging and a freeze / thaw cycle.
  • the third concrete block layer Due to the water-permeable construction of the third concrete block layer according to the invention, there is also the advantage that moisture in the bedding material below the concrete block is sucked into the concrete block through the capillary effect through the third layer. This also increases the amount of evaporation from the concrete block into the atmosphere.
  • the third concrete block layer consists of a fine concrete that is rich in grit and / or sand.
  • coarse-grained crushed stone material can also be added to the fine, grit-rich and / or sand-rich concrete.
  • the second concrete block layer consists of a core concrete with pore structure.
  • the concrete block is advantageously produced in one piece or in one piece, i.e. all three concrete block layers are produced in one production process in the form of a single block.
  • the first concrete block layer is also advantageously formed by an at least partially water-permeable or water-impermeable facing concrete layer.
  • an at least partially water-permeable facing concrete layer rainwater can also be supplied via the first concrete stone layer to the second, water-storing concrete stone layer, or it can escape again in the event of evaporation.
  • the water-impermeable design of the facing concrete layer enables the targeted supply of rainwater via the joints or the joint material located therein, so that effective filtering of the rainwater is also particularly advantageously possible via this infiltration path.
  • the third concrete block layer has a layer thickness which is between 1% and 10% of the total height of the concrete block body, preferably between 1% and 5% of the total height of the concrete block body.
  • the layer thickness of the third concrete block layer is advantageously between 2 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 5 mm. With these layer thicknesses, optimal evaporation results could be achieved.
  • the second concrete block layer also advantageously has a layer thickness which is between 60% and 90% of the total height of the concrete block body, preferably between 70% and 85% of the total height of the concrete block body.
  • the second concrete block layer thus forms a large part of the concrete block body, so that a large amount of water can be absorbed and released again.
  • the water permeability of the third concrete block layer is reduced by at least 30%, preferably by 50%, compared to the water permeability of the second concrete block layer. This enables the second concrete stone layer to be sufficiently saturated with rainwater, but this effectively prevents it from being oversaturated. The evaporation properties of the concrete block are effectively improved.
  • the first concrete block layer also advantageously has an incorporated photocatalyst such as titanium dioxide.
  • the surface of the concrete block according to the invention is thus designed for photocatalytic air purification.
  • harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides or volatile organic substances present in the ambient air can be oxidized and thus removed from the air by irradiation with light, preferably sunlight.
  • the invention also relates to a surface covering produced from the concrete blocks according to the invention, which comprises a plurality of multilayer concrete blocks laid in a composite on a bedding layer of a subsoil by paving.
  • Each concrete block has at least a first concrete block layer, a water-permeable second concrete block layer and a third, water-permeable concrete block layer which, compared to the second concrete block layer, has a lower water permeability, with joints being formed between adjacent concrete blocks of the surface covering and the joints with a substantially split and / or sand-like joint material are filled and form an infiltration path for draining rainwater from a surface of the surface covering.
  • the concrete blocks of the surface covering each have a concrete block body with several concrete block sides, which form an inlet path for rainwater into the water-permeable, second concrete block layer of the concrete blocks via the joints and the grout material received therein.
  • the joint material also advantageously consists of a mixture of a grit-like and / or sand-like component, a fine component and an artificial molecular sieve for removing pollutants from the rainwater. This enables the rainwater to be effectively filtered before it is absorbed and stored in the second layer of concrete blocks.
  • Figure 1 is an example of a perspective view of a concrete block 1 according to the invention and in Figure 2 a schematic section along a section plane running parallel to the central longitudinal axis MLA and the longitudinal axis LA of the concrete block 1.
  • the concrete block 1 is preferably designed in the form of a surface element that can be laid in a composite to create a surface covering.
  • concrete block or concrete slab is understood to mean essentially structurally identical elements that can be used in a manner known per se to create a surface covering. Depending on the chosen laying pattern, these are interlocked with one another and laid flush with one another, so that a preferably flat surface covering 10 is created.
  • a concrete block 1 according to the invention comprises at least one multi-layer concrete block body 2 with at least one flat concrete block underside 2.1 and an essentially flat concrete block upper side 2.2 opposite this, which preferably forms the step surface or drivable area or traffic area.
  • the specific configuration of the lateral surface sections of the concrete block 1 is not relevant for the invention, i.e. the specific cross-sectional shape of the concrete block 1 can be selected almost as desired without departing from the concept of the invention.
  • the concrete block 1 is cuboid and has two equal and opposite concrete block sides 2.3, 2.4.
  • the concrete block underside 2.1 and the concrete block top 2.2 run perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis MLA of the concrete block body 2 or concrete block 1, the concrete block sides 2.4 being oriented perpendicular and the concrete block sides 2.3 parallel to the longitudinal axis LA of the concrete block body 2 or concrete block 1.
  • the multi-layer concrete block body 2 comprises at least one first concrete block layer 2a forming the concrete block top 2.2, at least one water-permeable second concrete block layer 2b adjoining the first concrete block layer 2a and a third concrete block layer 2c immediately following the second concrete block layer 2b, the third concrete block layer 2c being the concrete block underside 2.1 forms, which is intended to rest on a bedding layer 3 of a subsurface, and wherein the second concrete stone layer 2b arranged between the first and third concrete stone layer 2a, 2c is designed to receive and store water.
  • the third concrete block layer 2c is water-permeable, the third concrete block layer 2c having a lower water permeability compared to the second concrete block layer 2.
  • a water-permeable layer with low water permeability is understood in the present context as a concrete block layer through which water can be transported or passed, but with a time delay and / or compared to the second, water-permeable concrete block layer 2b with a reduced or reduced flow velocity.
  • the third concrete block layer 2c is preferably made from a fine concrete material rich in grit and / or sand, which has at least moderate water permeability. If necessary, a coarse-grained fraction of chippings can also be added.
  • the concrete block 1 or the concrete block body 2 has a total height H which preferably corresponds to the sum of the layer thicknesses Da, Db, Dc of the first to third concrete block layers 2a, 2b, 2c.
  • the first concrete block layer 2a has a first layer thickness Da
  • the second concrete block layer 2b has a second layer thickness Db
  • the third concrete block layer 2c has a third layer thickness Dc.
  • the third layer thickness Dc of the third concrete block layer 2c is between 2 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 5 mm.
  • the third layer thickness Dc is between 1% and 10% of the total height H of the concrete block body 2, preferably between 1% and 5% of the total height H of the concrete block body 2.
  • the second layer thickness Db of the second concrete block layer 2b is between 60% and 90% of the total height H of the concrete block body 2, preferably between 70% and 85% of the total height H of the concrete block body 2.
  • the second layer thickness Db of the second concrete block layer 2b is, for example, approx. 80% of the total height H of the shaped block 1 in the present exemplary embodiment cm and the third layer thickness Dc, for example, 0.5 cm.
  • the first concrete stone layer 2a forming the concrete stone top side 2.2 is formed by a water-permeable or water-impermeable facing concrete layer, whereby in the case of the water-impermeable formation this is made of a structurally dense, impermeable facing concrete material.
  • the first concrete block layer 2a connects preferably directly to the second concrete block layer 2b, which consists of a core concrete with pores and a large proportion of fine and micropores. This pore-like concrete layer 2b supports the absorption and storage of water and thus enables water to penetrate via the concrete stone sides 2.3, 2.4 into the second concrete stone layer 2b.
  • the water temporarily stored in the second concrete block layer 2b can be released to the outside again, again in vapor form via the concrete block sides 2.3, 2.4 and / or with a water-permeable formation of the first concrete block layer 2a over them escape from the concrete block 1 or are released into the environment.
  • the concrete block 1 has so-called spacers or spacer noses 4, which ensure uniform joints 5 with an approximately uniform width when the concrete blocks 1 are laid in a composite and ensure a minimum width of the joints 5.
  • the surface covering 10 comprises a multiplicity of multilayer concrete blocks 1 laid in a composite on a bedding layer 3 of a subsurface. 2c on. Joints 5 are formed between adjacent concrete blocks 1 of surface covering 10, which are filled with a joint material 6 and form an infiltration path for draining rainwater from the surface of surface covering 10 facing away from bedding layer 3.
  • the bedding layer 3 is a conventional bedding layer which essentially consists of a material mixture with a grain size of 0.1 mm to 5 mm.
  • the joint material 7 of the present exemplary embodiment consists, for example, of a mixture of a sand component, a fine component and an artificial molecular sieve and thus forms a filter layer for removing pollutants from the rainwater.
  • conventional joint material can also be used, provided that no pollutant filtering is desired.
  • FIG Figures 4 and 5 each a section of the surface covering 10 shown in a sectional view, wherein in Figure 4 the infiltration and absorption route for rainwater and in Figure 5 the evaporation path for rainwater temporarily stored in the concrete block 1 and there in particular in the second concrete block layer 2b is indicated.
  • the infiltration or transport route of rainwater is exemplified in Figure 4 indicated by black arrows.
  • part of the rainwater absorbed in the second concrete block layer 2b can also be discharged into the bedding layer 3 or the subsoil, so that an optimal water flow is achieved. In particular, this avoids oversaturation of the second concrete stone layer 2b with rainwater, which would worsen the evaporation properties.
  • the rainwater temporarily stored in the second concrete block layer 2b of the concrete blocks 1 can therefore, due to the inventive design of the third concrete block layer 2c, under appropriate conditions, for example when the surface covering 10 is heated by solar radiation, evaporate significantly better than with concrete blocks 3 known from the prior art, which have a water-impermeable Provide a third layer of concrete blocks.
  • the evaporating water arrives in the form of water vapor from the second concrete block layer 2b of the concrete block 1 either via the joint material 6 and / or via the water-permeable first concrete block layer 2a to the surface, where it is released into the air above.
  • Figure 5 indicated by double arrows.
  • the evaporation can on the one hand counteract an urban heat island effect due to the resulting evaporation cold and on the other hand support the natural water cycle and thus improve the urban water balance.
  • the sheet material 10 is particularly suitable for an effective contribution to a To carry out environmentally friendly drainage planning, in particular to achieve evapotranspiration between 34% and 92% of the rainwater.
  • the first concrete stone layer 2a which forms the concrete stone top side 2.2, can, in one embodiment variant, be produced from a concrete material with incorporated photocatalysts such as, for example, titanium dioxide.
  • a concrete material with incorporated photocatalysts such as, for example, titanium dioxide.
  • nanoparticles of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) are added to the concrete material provided for producing the first concrete block layer 2a.
  • the first concrete stone layer 2a with incorporated photocatalysts serves as a photocatalyst, via which photocatalytic air cleaning takes place under solar radiation.
EP21165989.1A 2020-03-30 2021-03-30 Parpaing et revêtement de surface Pending EP3889351A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020108785.3A DE102020108785A1 (de) 2020-03-30 2020-03-30 Betonstein, Flächenbelag sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Betonsteins

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3889351A1 true EP3889351A1 (fr) 2021-10-06

Family

ID=75302368

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21165991.7A Active EP3889352B1 (fr) 2020-03-30 2021-03-30 Procédé de fabrication d'un parpaing
EP21165989.1A Pending EP3889351A1 (fr) 2020-03-30 2021-03-30 Parpaing et revêtement de surface

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21165991.7A Active EP3889352B1 (fr) 2020-03-30 2021-03-30 Procédé de fabrication d'un parpaing

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP3889352B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020108785A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2935569T3 (fr)
HU (1) HUE061146T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL3889352T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT3889352T (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4257315A1 (fr) * 2022-04-06 2023-10-11 Godelmann GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de blocs en béton

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022106481A1 (de) 2022-03-21 2023-09-21 Godelmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Mehrschichtiger Betonstein für einen im Verbund verlegten Flächenbelag sowie Flächenbelag und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Betonsteins
CN115354548B (zh) * 2022-08-10 2024-04-05 聊城市交通发展有限公司 新旧路面拼接结构及其施工方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006283447A (ja) 2005-04-01 2006-10-19 Taiheiyo Precast Concrete Industry Co Ltd 保水性舗装構造
DE102012100616B4 (de) 2012-01-18 2013-08-14 Heinrich Klostermann Gmbh & Co Kg Flächenbelag und zugehöriges Fugenmaterial
US20140048542A1 (en) 2011-12-07 2014-02-20 Panasonic Corporation Water storage structure
KR101673838B1 (ko) * 2016-02-05 2016-11-07 주식회사 더지엘 복합 투수 기능을 구비한 하이브리드형 보차도용 바닥포장 구조물 및 그 제조 방법
EP3153625B1 (fr) 2015-10-07 2018-01-31 Heinrich Klostermann GmbH & Co. KG Pavé en béton
NO20180329A1 (en) * 2017-03-06 2018-09-07 Multiblokk As Concrete paving block

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101923862B1 (ko) * 2018-06-27 2018-11-29 이성우 보강층을 갖는 다층 투수블록 성형장치 및 상기 성형장치로 제작된 다층 투수블록

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006283447A (ja) 2005-04-01 2006-10-19 Taiheiyo Precast Concrete Industry Co Ltd 保水性舗装構造
US20140048542A1 (en) 2011-12-07 2014-02-20 Panasonic Corporation Water storage structure
DE102012100616B4 (de) 2012-01-18 2013-08-14 Heinrich Klostermann Gmbh & Co Kg Flächenbelag und zugehöriges Fugenmaterial
EP3153625B1 (fr) 2015-10-07 2018-01-31 Heinrich Klostermann GmbH & Co. KG Pavé en béton
KR101673838B1 (ko) * 2016-02-05 2016-11-07 주식회사 더지엘 복합 투수 기능을 구비한 하이브리드형 보차도용 바닥포장 구조물 및 그 제조 방법
NO20180329A1 (en) * 2017-03-06 2018-09-07 Multiblokk As Concrete paving block

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4257315A1 (fr) * 2022-04-06 2023-10-11 Godelmann GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de blocs en béton

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT3889352T (pt) 2023-01-12
HUE061146T2 (hu) 2023-05-28
ES2935569T3 (es) 2023-03-08
EP3889352A1 (fr) 2021-10-06
PL3889352T3 (pl) 2023-06-12
DE102020108785A1 (de) 2021-09-30
EP3889352B1 (fr) 2022-11-23

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