EP3727758A1 - Setzverfahren für schraubverbindungen mittels schlagschrauber - Google Patents
Setzverfahren für schraubverbindungen mittels schlagschrauberInfo
- Publication number
- EP3727758A1 EP3727758A1 EP18822091.7A EP18822091A EP3727758A1 EP 3727758 A1 EP3727758 A1 EP 3727758A1 EP 18822091 A EP18822091 A EP 18822091A EP 3727758 A1 EP3727758 A1 EP 3727758A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- phase
- rotational
- torque
- screw connection
- final
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
- B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
- B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
- B25B23/147—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for electrically operated wrenches or screwdrivers
- B25B23/1475—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for electrically operated wrenches or screwdrivers for impact wrenches or screwdrivers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
- B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
- B25B21/02—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/175—Phase shift of tool components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/195—Regulation means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/195—Regulation means
- B25D2250/201—Regulation means for speed, e.g. drilling or percussion speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/195—Regulation means
- B25D2250/205—Regulation means for torque
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
- B25F5/001—Gearings, speed selectors, clutches or the like specially adapted for rotary tools
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a setting method for expanding anchor, which is implemented as a control method for an impact wrench.
- a control method of an impact wrench (1) for tightening a screw connection (52) executes a sequential phase sequence in response to an operation of a key (9).
- a first phase an impact mechanism (3) of the impact wrench (1) exerts a predetermined number N1 of rotational impacts on the screw connection (52).
- a course of a rotation angle F over the time (t) is estimated.
- a pattern is fitted to the trace and based on the pattern a target torque MO is determined for a second phase S2 and a final spin angle or a final number of strokes for a third phase S3.
- the second phase (S2) rotational shocks are applied until an estimated torque M reaches the target torque MO.
- the screw connection is subjected to rotational strokes until a number of the rotational strokes of the final number N3 or a rotational angle corresponds to the final rotational angle.
- Fig. 1 an impact wrench
- Fig. 2 is an input element
- Fig. 3 is a screw connection of two steel plates
- Fig. 4 is a screw connection of two steel plates
- Fig. 5 shows a course of a rotation angle
- the impact wrench 1 schematically illustrates the impact wrench 1.
- the impact wrench 1 has an electric motor 2, a striking mechanism 3 and an output spindle 4.
- the impact mechanism 3 is continuously driven by the electric motor 2.
- the percussion mechanism 3 repeatedly applies angular impulses (rotational strikes) to the output spindle 4 with a short-term but very high torque.
- the output spindle 4 rotates accordingly continuously or stepwise about a working axis 5.
- the electric motor 2 can be powered by a battery 6 or mains powered.
- the impact wrench 1 has a handle 7, by means of which the user can hold and guide the impact wrench 1 during operation.
- the handle 7 may be rigid or secured by means of damping elements on a machine housing 8.
- the electric motor 2 and the striking mechanism 3 are arranged in the machine housing 8.
- the electric motor 2 is switched on and off by means of a button 9.
- the button 9 is for example arranged directly on the handle 7 and operable by the hand surrounding the handle.
- the exemplary striking mechanism 3 has a hammer 10 and an anvil 11.
- the hammer 10 has claws 12 which rest in the direction of rotation on jaws 13 of the anvil 11.
- the hammer 10 has claws 12 which rest in the direction of rotation on jaws 13 of the anvil 11.
- a coil spring 14 biases the hammer 10 toward the anvil 11, thereby holding the hammer 10 in engagement with the anvil 11. If the torque exceeds the threshold, the hammer 10 shifts against the force of the coil spring until the claws 12 are no longer engaged with the anvil
- the electric motor 2 can accelerate the hammer 10 in the direction of rotation until the hammer 10 is again forced into engagement with the anvil 11 by the helical spring 14. The kinetic energy gained in the meantime is transmitted by the hammer 10 to the anvil 11 in a short moment.
- One embodiment provides that the hammer 10 is forcibly guided on a drive spindle 15 along a helical path 16.
- the positive guidance can be realized, for example, as a helical depression in the drive spindle 15 and a pin of the hammer 10 engaging in the depression.
- the drive spindle 15 is driven by the electric motor 2.
- the output spindle 4 protrudes from the machine housing 8.
- the protruding end forms a tool holder 17.
- the exemplary tool holder 17 has a square cross section.
- a socket 18 or similar tool can be plugged onto the tool holder 17.
- the socket 18 has a bushing 19 with a square hollow cross-section, which essentially corresponds in its dimensions to the tool holder 17.
- the socket 19 opposite the socket 18 has a mouth 20 for receiving the screw head 21, ie the hexagonal nut 22 or an analog screw.
- the socket 18 may be secured by means of a tool lock 23 on the output spindle 4.
- the tool lock 23 is based for example on a pin which is inserted through both a bore in the output spindle 4 and in the socket 18.
- the impact wrench 1 has a control unit 24.
- the control unit 24 may be realized, for example, by a microprocessor and an external or integrated memory 25. Instead of a microprocessor, the control unit can be realized from equivalent discrete components, an ASIC, an ASSP, etc.
- the impact wrench 1 has an input element 26, via which the user can select an operating mode.
- the control unit 24 then controls the impact wrench 1 according to the selected operating mode.
- the control sequences of the various operating modes may be stored in the memory 25.
- the input element 26 may include, for example, a display 27 and one or more input buttons 28.
- the control unit 24 can display the various operating modes stored in the memory 25 and, if appropriate, associated connection types. The user can select the operating mode by means of the input key 28. In addition, the user can enter specifications such as size, diameter, length, setpoint torque, load capacity or manufacturer designation of a connection type.
- the impact wrench 1 has a communication interface 29, which communicates with an external input element 30.
- the external input element 30 may be, for example, a mobile phone, a laptop or analogue mobile device.
- the input element may be an additional module which can be arranged as an adapter between impact wrench 1 and battery 6.
- the external input element 30 may include the expansion anchors or relevant information represent the connection type on a display 31.
- the user selects a connection type via an input key 32 or a touch-sensitive display 31.
- the external input element 30 transmits the type designation or parameters of the selected connection type relevant to the control method to the impact wrench 1 via a communication interface 33 to the communication interface 29 of the impact wrench 1.
- the communication interface 29 is preferably radio-based, eg using a Bluetooth standard.
- the internal input element 28 or the external input element 30 may be provided with a camera 34 which can detect a bar code on a packaging of the type of connection.
- the input element 28 determines the connection type based on the detected bar code and the bar codes stored in the memory 25.
- a camera 34 a laser-based bar code reader, an RFID reader, etc. may be used to detect a label on the package or on the type of connection.
- an image processing in the input element 28 can recognize the connection type based on an image captured by the camera 34, or at least delimit a selection of connection types presented to the user based on the image.
- Fig. 3 shows schematically a screw connection of two construction elements 50, 51 for steel construction in civil engineering.
- the two construction elements 50, 51 are to be connected resiliently by means of one or more screw 52.
- the structural members 50, 51 may include, for example, beams, plates, tubes, flanges, etc.
- the construction elements are made of steel or other metallic materials.
- the construction elements 50, 51 are reduced in their representation to their contacting plate-shaped sections.
- One or more eyes 53 are provided in the sections. The eyes 53 of the two construction elements are aligned with each other by the user.
- the screw 52 may have a typical construction with a screw head 54 on a threaded rod 55 and a nut 56. While the threaded rod 55 has a smaller diameter than the eyes 53, the screw head 54 and the nut 56 have a larger diameter than the eye 53.
- the threaded rods may already be connected to the first construction element 50 in other screw connection.
- the user inserts the threaded rods 55 through the aligned eyes 53. Subsequently, the nut 56 is placed. For a manual attachment pulls the user the nut 56 with a torque wrench until a specified torque for the screw connection is reached.
- the specification is specified by the manufacturer of the bolted joint or specified in relevant steel construction standards.
- the setpoint torque ensures that the screw connection can not come loose under load, in particular vibrations.
- the threaded rod 55 should not be unnecessarily stressed, or in the worst case during the tightening of the nut 56 permanently damaged.
- the construction elements 50, 51 are occasionally not flat on one another, as illustrated by way of example in FIG. 4.
- the structural elements 51 deform.
- the retroactive torque of the threaded connection 52 thus depends not only on the type of screw but also on the structural elements 51 and their actual prestressing. In the case of manual tightening, as a result, as a rule, there are no additional difficulties since the user sees whether the construction elements 50, 51 are already lying flat on one another.
- Torque wrench tightening 52 is a reliable and robust process, but the process is labor intensive. Especially as often the screw 52 typically includes many screws. The screw 52 could basically be tightened with a classic electric screwdriver and a corresponding shutdown until reaching the desired torque. However, the user can not afford the necessary holding force for the target torque and there is a significant risk of injury to the user.
- the impact driver 1 implements a robust setting method for the screw connection 52.
- the user aligns the construction elements 51 to each other, inserts the threaded rods 55 through the second construction elements 51 and sets the nuts 56 on.
- the user can tighten the screw 52 with the impact wrench 1.
- the user selects the operating mode "steel construction" and specifies the type of screw connections 52.
- the setting process is accomplished with a three-phase tightening of the screw 52.
- a first phase S1 is used to analyze the screw 52 and the structural elements 51, 52. Based on the analysis, a target torque MO and a final rotation angle f are set.
- the impact wrench 1 exerts blows on the screw connection 52 until an estimated torque M reaches the setpoint torque M.
- a final third phase S3 the screw 52 is still tightened by the final angle of rotation f.
- Each type of screw 52 is associated with several control parameters, which are necessary for the subsequent proper sequence of the setting process.
- the control parameters are stored in the memory 25 to the type.
- the control unit 24 reads out the corresponding control parameters.
- the control parameters are preferably maintained until the user selects another type of threaded connection 52. Selecting the screw 52 prior to each setting is not necessary.
- the electric motor 2 is disconnected from the power supply, e.g. the battery 6, disconnected and does not turn.
- the impact wrench 1 preferably falls when releasing the button 9 in a standby mode.
- the setting process begins.
- it can be checked whether the user has previously selected the type of screw connection 52 by means of one of the input elements 28. If a corresponding selection has not yet been made and the control parameters are not set, the user is stopped and the impact wrench 1 remains inactive. Otherwise, the electric motor 2 is connected to the power supply.
- a first phase S1 of the setting process begins the first beat of the percussion mechanism 3.
- the impact wrench 1 exerts a predetermined number N1 of strokes.
- the predetermined number N1 may be predetermined by the selected type of screw 52.
- the screw 52 is tightened by the blows by a rotation angle F.
- the nut 56 is rotated relative to the threaded rod 55 by the rotation angle F.
- the angle of rotation F is in addition to the screw 52 and the construction elements 50, 51 dependent.
- An estimation routine S4 compares the course 59 of the rotation angle f over time t with a pattern 60 (FIG. 5).
- the pattern 60 is a typical course of the rotation angle determined from test series.
- the test series are carried out under different boundary conditions, e.g. different fastening elements, different prestressing of the fastening elements, etc.
- the pattern 60 has four to six degrees of freedom, which prove to be sufficient for classifying the different boundary conditions in steel construction.
- the patterns 60 may be deposited to the threaded connection 52 as a control parameter.
- a preselection of the possible patterns 60 or a restriction of the degrees of freedom or the values of the parameters for the degrees of freedom depending on the preselected type of screw connection 52 can increase the reliability in the selection of the pattern 60 or adaptation of the pattern 60 and the associated computation effort to reduce.
- Fig. 5 shows an example of a course 59 in which the construction elements 51 lie flat on one another.
- the estimation routine determines the current boundary condition by adjusting the pattern 60 to the previous profile 59 of the rotation angle during the current setting process.
- the preferred pattern 60 has three sections: a beginning 60, a middle 61 and an end 62.
- the beginning has a linear course with a first slope.
- the end has a linear course with a second slope, which is less than the first slope.
- the center 61 is described, for example, by an exponential function with monotonically decreasing slope. Alternatively, the center can be described by other functions with continuously monotonically decreasing slope, eg exponential function, hyperbola.
- the transitions between the sections are preferably smooth.
- the pattern has four to six degrees of freedom.
- the degrees of freedom are or describe, among other things, the slope of the beginning, the slope of the end, the duration of the beginning, and the duration of the middle.
- the comparison of the curve with the pattern can be done with a fit calculation in which the numerical values for the degrees of freedom are varied, eg using the method of least squares. Since the computing power of impact wrench 1 is limited, 52 value ranges for the two gradients can for each type of screw or their associated degrees of freedom, be given. The value ranges are determined by test series and are stored in the specified parameters.
- the estimation routine S4 preferably records the angle of rotation f over time, starting with the first beat t0, in order to obtain measuring points for the comparison.
- a measuring point contains the measured angle of rotation f and the associated time t.
- the angle of rotation f can be estimated based on the angle of rotation of the drive spindle 15 between successive turns.
- the angle of rotation f of the socket 18 differs from the angle of rotation of the drive spindle 15 by the angle between the jaws 12 of the hammer 10 multiplied by the number of beats.
- Time recording can be approximated by a chronological recording of the angles of rotation f.
- the measuring points can be stored in a buffer.
- the estimation routine S4 adapts the pattern 60 after the predetermined number N1 of spin strikes. The number is large enough to get a good fit.
- the estimation routine S4 is completed when a deviation of the pattern 60 from the measurement points is within a predetermined tolerance. If, after the predetermined number of turns or given duration, a deviation of the pattern is outside a tolerance or the minimum number of measuring points for the end of the pattern is exceeded, an error message is issued and the setting process is aborted.
- Each of the patterns 60 is assigned a target torque MO and a final rotation angle cp.
- the target torque MO and the final rotation angle cp may be stored as a value or calculated from the pattern 60.
- the threshold MO is typically less than the setpoint torque M9 for the threaded connection 52 when tightened by hand.
- the electric motor 2 rotates the drive spindle 15 preferably at the predetermined rotational speed Do.
- the control unit 24 can for example determine the rotational speed D of the drive spindle 15 directly with a rotational sensor 45 on the drive spindle 15 or indirectly via a rotational sensor on the electric motor 2.
- the rotational speed Do is one of the screw 52 associated control parameters. The speed has an influence on the output from the impact wrench 1 torque.
- the hammer 10 detaches from the anvil 11 after a rotational stroke and is accelerated by the drive spindle 15 until the next rotary impact on the anvil 11. The next twist occurs when the hammer 10 is again aligned with the anvil 11.
- a rotation angle dF is determined by which the output spindle 4 rotates due to the rotation.
- the output torque M corresponds to the transmitted angular momentum and the angle of rotation dF, about which the output spindle 4 rotates due to the rotation.
- the output torque M is estimated.
- a characteristic field can be stored, which assigns a pairing of speed D and rotation angle dF torque M or a torque describing size.
- the angle of rotation dF is determined by a sensor 46 in the impact wrench 1.
- the sensor 46 for example, directly detect the rotational movement of the output spindle 4 with a rotation sensor 47.
- the rotation sensor 47 can detect marks on the output spindle 4 inductively or optically.
- the sensor 46 may estimate the rotational angle dF of the output spindle 4 based on the rotational movement of the drive spindle 15 between two consecutive rotational strokes.
- the drive spindle 15 rotates between the two rotational strokes by the angular distance of the claws 12, for example 180 degrees, and if the anvil 11 has rotated, in addition to the rotation angle dF of the output spindle 4.
- the rotational shocks are detected by a rotary impact sensor 48.
- the sensor 46 detects the angle of rotation of the drive spindle 15 in the time span between two directly successive rotational strokes.
- the beginning and the end of the period are detected by detecting the rotational strokes by means of a rotary impact sensor 48.
- the rotary impact sensor 48 may, for example, detect the increased short-term vibration in the impact wrench 1 associated with the rotary impact.
- the vibration is compared, for example, with a threshold, the beginning or the end corresponds to the time of exceeding the threshold.
- the torque sensor 48 may also be based on an acoustic microphone or infrasonic microphone that detects a peak in volume.
- Another variant of a rotary speed sensor 48 detects the power consumption or a rotational speed fluctuation of the electric motor 2.
- the power consumption rises briefly during the rotary impact.
- the angle of rotation of the drive spindle 15, for example, from the speed D or the signals of Rotation sensor 45 and the period are calculated.
- the rotational angle dF of the output spindle 4 is determined as the rotational angle of the drive spindle 15 minus the angular distance of the claws 12.
- the second phase S2 is terminated when the estimated torque M exceeds the target torque MO previously determined via the pattern 60.
- the second phase S2 is followed by a third phase S3, in which the screw connection 52 is still rotated by the final angle of rotation cp.
- the progress of the rotation angle during the third phase S3 can be estimated.
- the impact wrench 1 stops tightening when the estimated rotation angle during the third phase S3 has reached the final rotation angle cp.
- a final number N2 of impacts may also be performed during the third phase S3.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17208763.7A EP3501740A1 (de) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Setzverfahren für schraubverbindung mittels schlagschrauber |
| PCT/EP2018/086300 WO2019122189A1 (de) | 2017-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Setzverfahren für schraubverbindungen mittels schlagschrauber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3727758A1 true EP3727758A1 (de) | 2020-10-28 |
| EP3727758B1 EP3727758B1 (de) | 2021-11-17 |
Family
ID=60702313
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17208763.7A Withdrawn EP3501740A1 (de) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Setzverfahren für schraubverbindung mittels schlagschrauber |
| EP18822091.7A Active EP3727758B1 (de) | 2017-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Setzverfahren für schraubverbindungen mittels schlagschrauber |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17208763.7A Withdrawn EP3501740A1 (de) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Setzverfahren für schraubverbindung mittels schlagschrauber |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11426848B2 (de) |
| EP (2) | EP3501740A1 (de) |
| WO (2) | WO2019121837A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019215415A1 (de) | 2019-10-09 | 2021-04-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Einlernen von Anwendungsabschaltungen mit Hilfe des Auffindens von charakteristischen Signalformen bei einem Betrieb einer Handwerkzeugmaschine |
| JP7178591B2 (ja) * | 2019-11-15 | 2022-11-28 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | インパクト工具、インパクト工具の制御方法及びプログラム |
| EP4438230A1 (de) * | 2023-03-30 | 2024-10-02 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Schlagschrauber und verfahren zur steuerung eines schlagschraubers |
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-
2017
- 2017-12-20 EP EP17208763.7A patent/EP3501740A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2018
- 2018-12-19 WO PCT/EP2018/085720 patent/WO2019121837A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2018-12-20 WO PCT/EP2018/086300 patent/WO2019122189A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2018-12-20 US US16/955,325 patent/US11426848B2/en active Active
- 2018-12-20 EP EP18822091.7A patent/EP3727758B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US11426848B2 (en) | 2022-08-30 |
| US20210008698A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
| WO2019121837A1 (de) | 2019-06-27 |
| EP3501740A1 (de) | 2019-06-26 |
| WO2019122189A1 (de) | 2019-06-27 |
| EP3727758B1 (de) | 2021-11-17 |
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