EP3725383A1 - Appareil de sécurité - Google Patents

Appareil de sécurité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3725383A1
EP3725383A1 EP20175459.5A EP20175459A EP3725383A1 EP 3725383 A1 EP3725383 A1 EP 3725383A1 EP 20175459 A EP20175459 A EP 20175459A EP 3725383 A1 EP3725383 A1 EP 3725383A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
movement
rope
blocking
cable
safety
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20175459.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3725383B1 (fr
Inventor
Egon Resch
Christoph Baumgartner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oberalp SpA
Original Assignee
Oberalp SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oberalp SpA filed Critical Oberalp SpA
Publication of EP3725383A1 publication Critical patent/EP3725383A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3725383B1 publication Critical patent/EP3725383B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/14—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brakes sliding on the rope
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
    • A62B1/10—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys mechanically operated
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B29/00—Apparatus for mountaineering
    • A63B29/02—Mountain guy-ropes or accessories, e.g. avalanche ropes; Means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/0048—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for mountaineering, e.g. climbing-walls, grip elements for climbing-walls
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/0064—Attachments on the trainee preventing falling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/30—Speed
    • A63B2220/34—Angular speed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a safety device comprising a braking device and a blocking device.
  • tubes such as those in the USD 466794S, in which pulling the safety rope increases the braking effect of the belay device.
  • Many of these tubers are designed symmetrically, so that they provide the desired rope deceleration regardless of the choice of a rope end as a safety end.
  • pulling on both ends of the rope protruding from the tube allows a simple and reliable check as to whether the rope is correctly inserted into the belay device.
  • such tubers still have the problem that letting go of the safety rope can lead to a very high speed of the rope passing through the safety device.
  • the lever is held by the belayer in the position in which he can give the climber rope, and if the latter falls while the lever position is maintained, the climber can also injure himself when securing with such a device, although the rope passes when the lever is released would have been blocked.
  • the belay device of the DE 69 001 596 T2 the belayer must use his hands asynchronously in order to operate the belay device correctly: while one hand is responsible for raising or lowering the rope, the other hand is responsible for operating the lever.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems and has as its object to provide a backup device which increases the safety in handling.
  • the present object is achieved by a safety device according to claim 1. If the person to be belayed is hanging in the rope and the rope receiving element is blocked, this blocking will impair, preferably block, a movement of the rope.
  • a load change on the rope represents an actuation of the belay device by the belayer that can be carried out easily and comfortably with little effort even in the case of heavy climbers who are hanging in the rope, so that the belay device can be safely transferred to the freewheeling state.
  • the blocking device is designed in such a way that, starting from a position of the cable receiving element during a transition from the blocking state to the free-running state, the blocking device is set up to block the movement of the cable receiving element before the cable receiving element enters has gone through a predetermined movement segment.
  • the change in load at a securing end of the rope is brought about by pulling the securing end away from the securing device.
  • the belayer can bring about the transition from the blocked state to the freewheeling state by pulling on a load section of the rope in order to shorten the time that a possibly injured person to be belayed hangs on a blocked rope.
  • the securing device in a second modification of the securing device, can be characterized in that the blocking device comprises a centrifugal clutch comprising a coupling element, the coupling element being arranged in the securing device in such a way that the coupling element can perform a movement within the securing device, and that the movement of the Coupling element can be blocked, the change in load of the rope causing a blocking of the coupling element.
  • the blocking device comprises a centrifugal clutch comprising a coupling element, the coupling element being arranged in the securing device in such a way that the coupling element can perform a movement within the securing device, and that the movement of the Coupling element can be blocked, the change in load of the rope causing a blocking of the coupling element.
  • the centrifugal clutch can further comprise a rotor and a clamping element, wherein in the blocked state there is a coupling of the rotor by means of the clamping element to the coupling element, and wherein the release of the Blocking the coupling element releases the coupling of the rotor to the coupling element.
  • centrifugal clutch which preferably couples when there is a speed outside a predetermined safety range assigned to the speed or when there is acceleration outside a predetermined safety area assigned to the acceleration, ensures that the release of the locking of the coupling element to the coupling of the rotor the coupling element releases, whereby the rotor in the centrifugal clutch can rotate again and thus a dangerous movement of the cable receiving element can be detected.
  • the coupling element By releasing the blocking, the coupling element is enabled to move, which preferably results in a relief of the clamping element, which in the coupling of the rotor to the coupling element is preferably in contact with the rotor and the coupling element and is present the discharge is released from the system, which releases the coupling of the rotor to the coupling element.
  • the blocking device further comprises a control element which is set up to assume a blocking position, the coupling element having a stop element, wherein in the Blocked position in the blocking state, the stop element interacts with the control element in such a way that the movement of the coupling element is blocked in the safety device, and with a Movement of the control element out of the blocking position from the blocking state, the stop element interacts with the control element in such a way that the blocking of the movement of the coupling element relative to the securing device is released.
  • stop element on the coupling element and a control element which interacts with the stop element, preferably in the form of a system or in the form of a cam-guide surface interaction, a particularly simple control concept for blocking the movement of the coupling element and releasing this blocking in realized with the belay device.
  • the securing device can be characterized in that the blocking device comprises a centrifugal clutch comprising a clamping element, the clamping element being arranged in the securing device in such a way that the clamping element can execute a movement within the securing device, and that the movement of the clamping element can be locked, the change in load of the rope causing a locking of the clamping element.
  • the blocking device comprises a centrifugal clutch comprising a clamping element, the clamping element being arranged in the securing device in such a way that the clamping element can execute a movement within the securing device, and that the movement of the clamping element can be locked, the change in load of the rope causing a locking of the clamping element.
  • the centrifugal clutch in the safety device can furthermore comprise a rotor, wherein in the blocked state there is a coupling of the rotor by means of the clamping element to a control element, and wherein the release of the locking of the clamping element causes the coupling of the rotor to the Control solves.
  • This simple concept allows the release of the locking of the clamping element at the same time to release the coupling of the rotor to the control element, as a result of which the process of releasing the coupling of the rotor to the control element is less complicated and thus less prone to failure.
  • the securing device is characterized in that the control element is set up to assume a blocking position, the clamping element having a stop element, the stop element interacting with the control element in this way in the blocking position in the blocking state that the movement of the clamping element is blocked in the safety device, and wherein when the control element moves out of the blocking position from the blocking state, the stop element interacts with the control element in such a way that the locking of the clamping element within the safety device is released.
  • stop element on the clamping element and a control element which interacts with the stop element, preferably in the form of a system or in the form of a cam-guide surface interaction, a particularly simple control concept for blocking the movement of the clamping element and releasing this blocking is achieved implemented in the backup device.
  • the braking device can be designed in one piece with the control element or the braking device can be attached to the control means via a joint, for example a hinge. If the braking device is attached to the control means, the control element is moved by actuation of the braking device, whereby the locking of the coupling element is released, but the rope can be applied a braking force already acts during the release so that a rope movement can be slowed down.
  • the blocking device can pass into the blocking state in a safety case, the safety case being present when a movement parameter of the movement of the rope receiving element from a movement parameter set lies outside a predetermined safety range of the movement parameter assigned to the respective movement parameter, and the braking device can be set up to perform a movement brake the rope regardless of a rope movement direction.
  • the movement of the cable receiving element is preferably coupled to the movement of the cable received therein.
  • the cable receiving element can be designed in such a way that the cable only moves insignificantly in relation to the cable receiving element in a safety case before the movement of the cable receiving element is prevented. This preferably prevents the rope from moving.
  • the cable receiving element has a structure provided with projections (projection structure) in the sections with which it can be in contact with the cable in order to increase the friction between the cable and the cable receiving element.
  • a belayer can use the belay device to provide the rope braking required, for example, for lowering, regardless of which end of the rope the climber has hooked or tied into. Because the belay device can provide the rope braking regardless of which rope end the climber has tied himself into, the one that occurs frequently, especially with beginners Incorrect operation prevents the climber from tying himself into an end of the rope, the movement of which the belayer cannot slow down, thereby greatly increasing the climber's safety. If the climber falls and thereby sets the rope in motion, the rope receiving element is moved with the rope received therein.
  • the belay device comprises a second safety device which is responsible for safety in the event of a belay, for example if the climber falls.
  • Such a two-stage safety system increases the safety of the climber and the independence of the braking effect from a rope movement direction reduces the risk of choosing the wrong end of the safety device.
  • Such a safety device also allows the user to lower himself from a rope, the braking device allowing the lowering speed to be controlled, while the blocking device is responsible for the safety of the user in safety cases. Both functions are combined in a single belay device, while a second separate safety device in the form of a Prusik knot was necessary to fulfill both functions with the figure eight.
  • the movement parameter set preferably includes the movement parameters Movement of the cable receiving element a speed and / or an acceleration. If a speed is an element of the movement parameter set, the movement of the rope pick-up element is blocked if the speed is outside a safety range assigned to the speed of the rope pick-up element, for example too high, so that the movement of the rope is prevented before the person to be belayed reaches a speed that is too high, which could result in injury if hit against a stone or the ground. If an acceleration of the cable receiving element is an element of the movement parameter set, the movement of the cable receiving element is blocked if the acceleration lies outside a predetermined safety range assigned to the acceleration, for example the acceleration is too great in magnitude.
  • the belay device prevents the rope from moving before the person to be belayed can pick up a speed which would lead to serious injuries in the event of an impact.
  • Another embodiment of the securing device is characterized in that the blocking state occurs independently of any influence by a belayer. As a result, the movement of the rope receiving element is blocked regardless of whether the belayer pays the necessary attention to the securing activity, is possibly in panic, has lost consciousness or the braking device is not actuated in such a way that the movement of the rope is braked.
  • the belay device further comprises a base element, the cable receiving element being designed as a cable pulley rotatably mounted relative to the base element, and the blocking device being a rotor, a centrifugal clutch comprising a clamping element and a coupling element, the rope pulley being designed or coupled to the rotor in such a way that a rotation of the rope pulley causes a rotation of the rotor, and in the blocked state there is a coupling of the rotor by means of the clamping element to the coupling element and / or wherein in the blocking state there is a blocking of a movement of the coupling element relative to the base element.
  • a centrifugal clutch is a reliable element with which the locking device according to the invention can be implemented.
  • At least one movement parameter from the movement parameter set it is possible for at least one movement parameter from the movement parameter set to be assigned a predetermined safety range which comprises values of the at least one movement parameter which characterize a movement of the cable receiving element in a first direction and which comprises values of the at least one movement parameter, which characterize a movement of the cable receiving element in a second direction, wherein the second direction is different from the first direction. If such a predetermined safety area is assigned to a movement parameter of the cable receiving element, the cable receiving element can move in two mutually different directions without there being a case of a safety device.
  • the cable receiving element is designed to be moved by a cable received thereon, such a safety device allows both the use of the braking device to brake the cable regardless of a direction of movement of the cable and the use of the blocking device, which allows the cable to move in two directions. This prevents incorrect use of the belay device by tying in or hooking the climber into an incorrect end of the rope.
  • the safety device can be characterized in that the braking device is designed separately from the blocking device.
  • both the braking device and the blocking device can be designed independently of one another for the respective function, so that particularly good braking of the cable and particularly reliable blocking of the cable receiving element is made possible.
  • the braking device can be designed separately from the cable receiving element or the cable pulley, so that the design restrictions caused by the mobility of the cable receiving element do not impair the optimal configuration of the braking device.
  • the braking device in the freewheeling state, is set up to brake the movement of the cable independently of the direction of movement of the cable.
  • the belayer can either abseil the climber or himself and control the speed by using the braking device, so that a safe output speed can be set without blocking the rope receiving element.
  • the braking device in a state of the securing device ready for securing, can be arranged essentially stationary with respect to a coupling point of the securing device provided for coupling to an external securing point. If the braking device does not move significantly with respect to a coupling point of the belay device to which, for example, the belayer's climbing harness or a strap loop attached to a climbing hook is attached, the probability that the belayer with part of the hand or clothing in the braking device is reduced during of the securing device, since the position of the braking device in relation to the coupling point is not changes significantly and the belayer does not have to repeatedly check the position of the braking device when belaying.
  • the braking device can have at least one friction surface, preferably two friction surfaces, for braking the cable.
  • This provides a particularly simple and reliable braking device. If two friction surfaces are provided, each of the friction surfaces can be designed to a particular extent for braking the cable in one direction, whereby the braking effect of the braking device is advantageously increased.
  • the braking device is designed as a ring-like element. This can prevent the rope from slipping out of the braking device.
  • a ring-like element should be understood to mean elements which enclose a cavity section in such a way that a rope penetrating this cavity section is prevented by the ring-like element from simply being moved out of the cavity section in a direction transverse to the direction in which the rope extends.
  • a simple movement out of the cavity section is to be understood as meaning that it is possible at any time, without arranging the rope in a special, curved shape, to move the rope in a direction transverse to the direction of extension of the rope, for example through a gap in the ring-like element, to move outwardly from the cavity portion of the ring-like member.
  • the gap is twice as wide, preferably 1.5 times as wide, most preferably 1.1 times as wide as the rope suitable for use with the belay device.
  • the ring-like Element have a gap or an opening, which are each provided with a device to close the gap in such a way that the rope, which penetrates the cavity inside the ring-like element, does not move to the side in a direction transverse to the direction of extension of the rope can be moved out of the ring-like element.
  • the ring-like element can consist of a plurality of sub-elements which, when assembled, for example when the safety device is in an operational state, form a ring-like element. It can be envisaged that assemblies of a ring-like element can be arranged so as to be movable relative to one another. In particular, assemblies of a ring-like element can be designed to close gaps or openings in the ring-like element by movement.
  • a belay device can be characterized in that the braking device is set up to unfold to insert a cable on the belay device. This makes it easier to insert the rope.
  • the blocking device changes from the freewheeling state to the blocking state in a safety case, the blocking device also having a control element, the actuation of which in the blocking state causes the blocking device to transition to the free-running state, the blocking device as soon as the safety case is present assumes the blocking state regardless of an actuation of the control element, in particular by a belayer, before the cable receiving element has passed through a predetermined movement section. If a safety case is detected, for example by a centrifugal clutch, the blocking device assumes the blocking state before the cable receiving element has passed through a predetermined movement section.
  • the movement of the rope is thus preferably limited in the belay device in the event of a safety case, preferably limited to a rope passage length of less than 1 m, particularly preferably less than 0.5 m, most preferably less than 0.2 m. This reliably prevents the climber from falling when a rope blockage is released, caused by incorrect operation.
  • the blocking device comprises a centrifugal clutch, the braking device being formed separately from moving parts of the centrifugal clutch.
  • a safety device in which the locking device comprises a centrifugal clutch and a braking device which is designed separately from the moving parts of the centrifugal clutch, forms a simple and safe design of a safety device.
  • the braking device is designed as a ring-like element. With such a design of the braking device, the rope is prevented from slipping out of the braking device.
  • the cable receiving element can be coupled to the centrifugal clutch, the centrifugal clutch comprising a first and a second section of the centrifugal clutch, the centrifugal clutch being set up to block a movement of the cable receiving element and to brake a movement of the cable in a blocked state , wherein the centrifugal clutch goes into the blocking state in a safety case, the safety case being present when a movement parameter of the movement of the cable receiving element from a movement parameter set lies outside a predetermined safety range of the movement parameter assigned to the respective movement parameter, the first section of the centrifugal clutch being set up for this purpose To block a movement of the cable receiving element when the cable receiving element moves in a first direction, and to do so, if the safety case is present tet is to allow the movement of the cable receiving element when the cable receiving element moves in a second direction opposite to the first direction, wherein the second section of the centrifugal clutch is set up to block the movement of the cable receiving element in the event
  • the individual sections of the centrifugal clutch can be matched particularly well to the respective task. Furthermore, in the event of a malfunction caused, for example, by an accident, one of the Sections of the centrifugal clutch the belay device can be used for securing, the load end and the securing end of the rope are to be selected according to the undamaged section of the centrifugal clutch. As a result, the is equipped with a redundancy, which enables further use of the safety device in the event of malfunctions.
  • the locking device of the safety device can comprise a latch mechanism.
  • the ratchet mechanism is preferably set up to allow at least one step-by-step movement of the cable receiving element.
  • the blocking device if not already stated, can comprise a centrifugal clutch, preferably with a, in particular movable, coupling element and / or, in particular, movable, control element and / or a rotor and / or a clamping element.
  • the coupling element can have the function of a ratchet wheel of the ratchet mechanism.
  • the control element can have the function of a pawl in the pawl mechanism.
  • the ratchet mechanism is preferably set up to allow the coupling element to move gradually.
  • the ratchet mechanism is set up to limit the movement of the coupling element to movement sections.
  • the ratchet mechanism is preferably designed symmetrically with respect to the possible directions of movement of the cable receiving element.
  • the cable receiving element can be designed as a cable pulley.
  • the rope pulley is advantageously rotatably mounted, as a result of which the dispensing and / or pulling in of the rope on the belay device is particularly convenient.
  • the pulley can be rotatably mounted with low friction, the bearing of the pulley preferably being realized by a slide bearing.
  • the use of a plain bearing allows an inexpensive, Low-friction, rotatable bearing of the pulley.
  • the rotatable mounting of the rope pulley is realized with the aid of a ball bearing.
  • the ratchet mechanism is symmetrical with respect to the forward and backward rotation of the pulley. It is also possible that the ratchet mechanism is set up to restrict the movement of the cable receiving element, preferably in cooperation with the coupling element, particularly preferably in cooperation with the centrifugal clutch, most preferably when the rotor is coupled to the coupling element, to movement sections.
  • the coupling of the rotor to the coupling element comes about by the clamping element engaging in the coupling element in a predetermined structure.
  • the centrifugal clutch and / or the ratchet mechanism it is possible to divide the centrifugal clutch and / or the ratchet mechanism into two sections, the first section of the centrifugal clutch and / or the ratchet mechanism being set up to bring about a transition of the blocking device to the blocking state in a safety case when the cable receiving element is in moves in a first direction and, in a safety case, not causing the blocking device to transition into the blocking state when the cable receiving element moves in a second direction different from the first direction, preferably opposite, and the second section of the centrifugal clutch and / or the ratchet mechanism being set up for this is to bring about a transition of the blocking device to the blocking state in a securing case when the cable receiving element moves in the second direction and, in a securing case, not to bring about a transition of the blocking device to the blocking state when the cable receiving element moves in the first direction.
  • the security device furthermore comprise a base element and a coupling point provided for coupling to an external securing point
  • the blocking device comprising a movable cable receiving element which is set up to be moved by a cable received thereon, the cable receiving element is designed as a cable pulley rotatably mounted relative to the base element, the coupling point is designed to be stationary with respect to the base element and the axis of rotation of the rope pulley is designed to be stationary with respect to the base element.
  • the belay device is designed to be particularly simple, a coupling point, in particular an opening for threading a carabiner, is designed to be stationary on the base element, and an axis of rotation of the rope pulley is designed to be stationary with respect to the base element on the same base element, for example by means of an axis that is stationary with respect to the base element arranged rotating shaft. This creates a power transmission from the pulley to the coupling point via a particularly small number of elements.
  • a housing of the securing device can be designed as a base element of the securing device
  • the above-described embodiment of the present invention is to be understood as meaning that, in particular in the case of multi-part housings in which several mutually displaceable and / or rotatable sections have coupling points or coupling point sections of a section of the housing, the axis of rotation of the rope pulley is designed to be stationary and that the coupling point is designed to be stationary with respect to this housing section.
  • a section of the housing (housing section) can be designed as a base element.
  • a coupling point that is stationary with respect to a housing section should also be stationary with respect to this Housing section formed through openings or coupling points for threading a carabiner are understood, which can only be used together with a further through opening or a further coupling point in the operational state of the safety device, in particular a two-part housing is intended, both in the one part and in the other part of the housing an opening is provided, and in an operational state of the safety device both openings are brought over one another so that a carabiner can be passed through.
  • the securing device can be designed such that the braking device is designed as a ring-like element which is designed to be unfolded, the ring-like element preferably having a first sub-element and a second sub-element, and if the ring-like element has a first sub-element and a second sub-element, in a particularly preferred embodiment the ring-like element is set up to be unfolded in that the first sub-element and the second sub-element are displaced and / or rotated relative to one another.
  • This increases the ease of use of the belay device, since it is particularly easy to insert a rope into the belay device due to the unfolded ring-like element.
  • the belay device is not only suitable for use when climbing, but can also be used for lowering a climber, for lowering the belayer himself or for belaying during solo climbing. Furthermore, the belay device is not limited to use in the climbing area, but can be used wherever a load or a person has to be secured to a rope, such areas are, for example, industrial climbing, mountain rescue, as well as uses of The police or the fire department. For this reason, terms such as the climber, the climber or the person to be secured are used as synonyms in this application.
  • FIG 1a shows a first embodiment of a safety device 2 according to the invention, wherein a housing 4 (see Figure 2 ) in Figure 1a has been omitted.
  • the safety device comprises a braking device 6 and a blocking device 8.
  • the blocking device 8 preferably comprises a centrifugal clutch 10. It is also possible that the blocking device comprises a movable cable receiving element 12, which is designed as a cable pulley 14 in a preferred embodiment.
  • the cable receiving element 12 can be moved by the cable 16 when the cable 16 is received on the cable receiving element 12. The movement of the cable is transmitted to the cable receiving element 12, for example, by friction of the cable 16 on a receiving surface 20 preferably provided with a protrusion structure 18.
  • the receiving surface 20 is provided on the inside of a cable receiving groove 22 of the cable pulley 14.
  • the projection structure 18 is preferably provided in the cable receiving groove 22 and can taper conically towards the center of the cable receiving groove 22.
  • ropes 16 with different diameters can be used in the belay device 2, since the rope 16 used can be wedged on a suitable conical section of the protrusion structure 18 under load, depending on its diameter.
  • the cable receiving element 12 is preferably designed such that the cable 16 causes a movement of the cable receiving element 12 essentially without slipping and, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, a blocked cable receiving element causes the rope 16 to slip on the cable receiving element 12 due to the friction, and thus a Movement of the rope 16 can prevent. Is like in Figure 1a If the projection structure 18 is shown formed on the side walls of the cable receiving groove 22, the cable 16 is jammed in the walls of the cable receiving groove 22 which converge and slippage of the cable 16 is prevented when the cable 16 is loaded.
  • the braking device 6 is preferably formed separately from the locking device 8, in particular separately from moving parts of the locking device 8.
  • the locking device comprises a centrifugal clutch 10
  • the braking device 6 is in particular formed separately from the moving parts of the centrifugal clutch 10.
  • the braking device 6 can be made partially, in particular completely, of metal in order to be able to dissipate the heat generated when the cable 16 is braked. If the braking device 6 is made partially or completely of metal, it has a high resistance to abrasion and is therefore designed to be particularly wear-resistant.
  • the housing 4 of the securing device 2 can have a receptacle or a bearing of a first rotary shaft 24, wherein the first rotary shaft 24 can be designed to receive the cable receiving element 12.
  • the braking device is designed as a ring-like element 26, which completely encloses an opening (an interior of the ring-like element 26) through which a rope loop of the rope 16 can be threaded and the rope 16 can be received on the rope receiving element 12.
  • the first embodiment as shown in FIG Figure 1b shown modified to the extent that the ring-like element 26 is provided with a gap 28 (in order to improve the clarity, is in Figure 1b the Rear wall of the ring-like element 26 behind the gap 28, not shown), so that the rope 16 can pass through the gap into the interior of the ring-like element 26 in order to facilitate the rope pick-up on the rope pick-up element 12.
  • a preferably lockable and unlockable closure element 30 whereby the insertion of the cable 16 into the interior of the ring-like element 26 can be simplified and the cable 16 can be prevented from sliding out through the gap 28 when the closure element 30 is locked.
  • the braking device 6 has at least one friction surface 32r, 32l, preferably two friction surfaces 32r and 32l.
  • the at least one friction surface 32r, 32l can be made partially, in particular completely, of metal in order to be able to dissipate the heat generated when the cable 16 is braked.
  • the friction surfaces 32r, 32l are able to brake the rope 16 independently of the direction of movement; for this purpose it is usually sufficient to change the position of the rope section on which the belayer controls the rope movement relative to the belay device 2 as with a tubing.
  • such a friction surface 32r, 32l is concave, so that the cable 16 is deformed in the concave friction surface 32r, 32l and braking of the cable 16 by friction takes place to a greater extent on the side walls 34r, 34l of the concave friction surface 32r, 32l.
  • the side walls 34r, 34l and / or the bottom section lying between two side walls 34r or 34l can be provided with ribs 36 or differently designed projections (not shown) in order to increase the friction of the cable 16 in the braking device 6, and thus the braking of the rope 16 to support.
  • the opening is realized by a partially in Figure 1a indicated hinge 38, which connects the ring-like element 26 to a control element 40. If the ring-like element 26 on the hinge 38 is opened in the direction K1, a rope loop of the rope 16 can be inserted through the opening of the ring-like element 26 in order to be placed around the rope pulley 14. The ring-like element 26 can be folded back in the direction K2.
  • the opening of the ring-like element 26 is preferably essentially aligned with the cable receiving groove 22.
  • the blocking device 8 comprises the rope receiving element 12, which is designed as a rope pulley 14 in the first embodiment, and blocks a movement of the rope receiving element 12, here the rotation of the rope pulley 14, in a blocking state to be described later.
  • the rope pulley 14 can in a preferred embodiment, as shown in the first embodiment, comprise a first half-roller 42v and a second half-roller 42h, which are preferably arranged stationary with respect to one another, but it is also possible to form the rope pulley 14 in one piece.
  • the blocking device 8 preferably comprises the centrifugal clutch 10.
  • the centrifugal clutch preferably comprises a rotor 44, at least one clamping element 46 and a coupling element 48.
  • the rotor 44 is preferably connected to the pulley 14 in a rotationally fixed manner, for example by the rotor 44 and the pulley 14 being firmly connected of the first rotary shaft 24 or are firmly connected to one another, but rotatably on the rotary shaft 24.
  • the rotor 44 preferably has at least one recess 50 to reduce weight. Furthermore, the rotor 44 has at least one contact surface 52 for interaction with the at least one clamping element 46.
  • the contact surface 52 preferably has a notch 54 which defines a neutral position of the at least one clamping element 46. It is possible for the contact surface 52 to have a guide groove 56 in which an elastic element (not shown) for holding back the at least one clamping element 46 is guided.
  • the elastic element is an elastic band, with the at least one clamping element 46 being guided on the elastic band by means of a further guide groove in the at least one clamping element 46.
  • an elastic element can alternatively be designed as a spring arrangement for retaining the at least one clamping element 46, which is preferably coupled to both the at least one clamping element 46 and the rotor 44.
  • an elastic element as a spring arrangement for retaining at least two clamping elements 46, which preferably couples the two clamping elements 46 to one another.
  • the at least one clamping element 46 is preferably pretensioned in the direction of the rotor 44 by the spring arrangement or the elastic element.
  • the centrifugal clutch 10 preferably comprises a plurality of contact surfaces 52 and preferably a plurality of clamping elements 46.
  • the at least one clamping element 46 preferably has a cylindrical shape.
  • the coupling element 48 is preferably movably arranged in the housing 4.
  • the coupling element 48 is preferably designed to be annular.
  • the coupling element 48 has a Inner surface on which the at least one clamping element 46 can couple in interaction with the rotor 44, so that the rotor 44 cannot be rotated relative to the coupling element 48 in at least one direction of rotation of the rotor 44, i.e. is coupled to the coupling element 48.
  • the coupling of the at least one clamping element 46 can be achieved in that the inner surface of the coupling element 48 has a structure adapted to the shape of the at least one clamping element 46, in which the at least one clamping element 46 can engage.
  • a toothing is intended here.
  • the inner surface of the coupling element 48 has a toothing in which the interdental spaces are formed as partial sections of a round, preferably cylindrical, opening wall.
  • the coupling element 48 is preferably mounted rotatably with respect to the rope pulley 40, in particular rotatably on the first rotary shaft 24.
  • the coupling element 48 is again preferably provided with at least one recess 60 for weight reduction.
  • the coupling element 48 is provided on its outer circumference with at least one stop element 62, preferably with a plurality of stop elements 62, which is preferably designed as a projection.
  • the stop element 62 preferably has a first contact surface 64r and a second contact surface 64l, see Figure 1c .
  • the stop element 62 has a cam section 66.
  • the stop element 62 interacts with the control element 40 in a preferred embodiment.
  • the control element 40 is preferably arranged rotatably on the housing 4.
  • the second section 70 has a left stop surface 72l and a right stop surface 72r, a left 74l and a right 74r limiting projection and a cam guide surface 76 lying therebetween.
  • the cable receiving element 12 which is designed, for example, as a cable pulley 14 can move freely in a freewheeling state.
  • the direction-independent braking effect of the braking device 6 on the cable 16 is independent of the presence of the freewheeling state; this is achieved, for example, in that the cable pulley 14 is formed separately from the braking device 6.
  • the housing 4 or a part of the housing 4 can be designed as a base element with respect to which the rope pulley 14 can rotate.
  • the belay device 2 In order to couple the belay device to an external securing point, for example a climbing harness or a strap sling, the belay device 2, preferably the housing 4, has a coupling point, preferably in the form of an opening 78.
  • the housing 4 preferably has a first half 80h and a second half 80v, the control element 40 in particular being rotatably mounted on the first half 80h of the housing 4 and the opening 78 preferably also being formed in the first half 80h of the housing 4.
  • the first rotary shaft 24 is preferably designed to be stationary, in particular also non-rotatable, with respect to the first half 80h of the housing 4.
  • the rotation shaft 24 is connected to the first half 80h of the housing 4 in such a way that the axis of rotation of the rope pulley 14 defined by the rotation shaft 24 cannot move with respect to the first half 80h of the housing 4.
  • the first half 80h of the housing 4 can also be viewed as a basic element alone.
  • the second half of the housing 80v is preferably rotatably mounted on the first rotary shaft 24 in such a way that it can be pivoted relative to the ring-like element 26 and the opening 78.
  • the closure element 30 can be formed integrally with the second half 80v of the housing 4.
  • the second half 80v of the housing 4 can have a recess 82 which, depending on the position of the second half 80v of the housing 4 with respect to the first half 80h of the housing 4, can expose the opening 78.
  • the braking device 6, designed as a ring-like element 26, is arranged essentially stationary with respect to the opening 78 during the securing with the securing device 2.
  • the rocking movement of the braking device 6, which occurs when the control element 40 rotates about the second rotary shaft 86, is slight and hardly affects the arrangement of the braking device 6 with respect to the opening 78.
  • the recess 82 can be configured to introduce the cable 16 into the cable pulley 14.
  • a cable loop is inserted into the belay device 2 by opening the ring-like element 26 on the hinge 38 in the direction K1 and placing the cable loop around the cable pulley 14 and the ring-like element 26 is then again on the hinge 38 in the in Figure 1a Position shown folded back in direction K2.
  • one of the half-rollers 42v, 42h can be designed to be smaller than the other half-roller 42h, 42v, so that the insertion of the cable loop of the cable 16 is simplified.
  • the recess 82 is arranged in the second half 80v of the housing 4 in such a way that, when the opening 78 is exposed through the recess 82, the closure element 30 formed integrally on the second half 82v of the housing 4 opens the gap 28 covers.
  • a carabiner, a tape loop or a rope can only be inserted into the opening 78 for coupling to an external securing point if the gap 28 is covered by the closure element 30, so that the rope 16, as soon as it is guided around the pulley 14, can no longer slide out of the belay device 2 unintentionally to the side.
  • the belay device 2 is symmetrical with regard to the use of the two cable ends 84a, 84b as a load end and a securing end.
  • a load end is to be understood as a section of the rope which lies between the belay device 2 and the climber. With solo climbing or rappelling yourself, that is Load end of the rope section that can be loaded by the weight of the solo climber or the self-abseiling person.
  • the securing end is the rope section separated from the load end by the securing device, by means of which the belayer preferably controls the use of the braking device. Due to the symmetry, incorrect operation of the belay device 2, for example by tying the climber into a wrong rope end, is prevented.
  • the belayer can give rope 16 by pulling on the load end of the rope 16 in the direction of the belay device 2 without pressing the securing end of the rope 16 against one of the friction surfaces 32l, 32r.
  • the rope pulley 14 then rotates together with the rotor 44 within the housing 4 due to the friction of the rope 16 on the projection structure 18. Since the speed of the rotor 44 is low, the centrifugal force occurring due to the rotation is not great enough to release the at least one clamping element 46 from the contact with the notch 54 against the restoring force of the elastic band.
  • the acceleration of the rope pulley 14 and thus of the rotor 44 is not great enough that the force present due to the inertia of the at least one clamping element 46 against the restoring force of the elastic band causes the at least one clamping element 46 to be released from the Notch 54 allows.
  • the at least one clamping element 46 can be released from the notch 54, but a small deviation will also not be sufficient for the at least one clamping element 46 to engage an internal toothing of the coupling element 48.
  • the limit speed or the limit acceleration from which there is a coupling of the rotor 44 via the at least one clamping element 46 to the coupling element 48 can be determined by a suitable selection of the elastic properties of the elastic element used, in particular the elastic band or the spring arrangement or the spacing of the notch 54 to the internal toothing of the coupling element 48 can be adjusted.
  • the limit speed and / or the limit acceleration are absolute absolute values, so that, for example, all speeds in the forward and reverse direction whose amount is less than the limit speed belong to a safety range of the speed.
  • all accelerations in the forward and reverse directions, the magnitude of which is less than the limit acceleration can belong to a safety range of the limit acceleration.
  • the centrifugal clutch thus detects when a movement parameter, for example the speed or the acceleration, lies outside a predetermined parameter range and in this case couples the rotor 44, and thus also the pulley 14, to the coupling element 48.
  • This coupling can result in a transition to the blocking state , preferably from the freewheeling state, in which the cable receiving element 12 can move freely.
  • a safety case is thus present when a movement parameter of the movement of the cable receiving element 12, here the cable pulley 14, lies outside a predetermined safety range assigned to the movement parameter.
  • a safety case is detected by the centrifugal clutch and is not limited to the detection of a movement parameter, but a safety case is detected in particular when the speed and / or the acceleration of the pulley 14 is outside the respectively assigned predetermined safety range of the respective movement parameter.
  • the rotational speed of the cable pulley and the acceleration of the rotational movement of the cable pulley can be detected using electronic components.
  • Such electronic components are preferably coupled to an electronic processing device, so that when a movement parameter of the movement of the rope pulley is selected from a movement parameter set lies outside a predetermined safety range of the movement parameter assigned to the respective movement parameter, the electronic processing device blocks the movement of the rope pulley with a correspondingly designed blocking device. This can be done, for example, by means of an electrically operated brake on the rope pulley.
  • the blocking device is located in FIG Figure 3a In the blocked state: the control element 40, which is rotatably mounted on the housing 4 on a second rotary shaft 86, rests with the right limiting projection 74r on the outer circumference of the coupling element 48. Furthermore, there is a contact between the right stop surface 72r and the left contact surface 64l of a stop element 62. Here, the force acting on the cable pulley 14 through the cable is passed on to the rotor 44.
  • the rotor 44 forwards this force to the coupling element 48 via the at least one clamping element 46. This in turn transmits this force to the control element 40 via the contact surface 64l with the stop surface 72r.
  • the movement of the coupling element 48, in particular with respect to the base element 4, is locked in this state. In the present exemplary embodiment, however, one should only speak of a blocking of the movement of the coupling element 48 if a force which acts on the pulley 14 causes the contact surface 64l to abut the stop surface 72r.
  • the movement of the cam section 66 along the cam guide surface brings the right limiting projection 74r closer to the outer circumference of the coupling element 48 as soon as the coupling element 48 has executed a maximum of a first predetermined movement section. If a stop element 62 is provided, the length of the first predetermined movement section is limited by 360 °; if several stop elements 62 are present, the length of the first predetermined movement segment is determined by the angular arrangement of the stop elements 62.
  • the coupling element 48 is Due to the present coupling of the rotor 44 to the coupling element 48, coupled to the movement of the cable pulley 14, so that the movement of the cam section 66 along the cam guide surface 76 brings the right limiting projection 74r closer to the outer circumference of the coupling element as soon as the cable pulley 12 reaches the first predetermined maximum Movement section has carried out.
  • the securing device 2 assumes the position as shown in FIG Figure 3a is shown. This happens at the latest after the coupling element 48, and due to the present coupling also the cable pulley 14, has passed through a second predetermined movement section, the length of which is less than 360 ° or, if there are several stop elements 62, is determined by the angular arrangement of the stop elements 62.
  • the movement of the rope pulley 14 is restricted by the movement of the coupling element 48 in the presence of a safety case before the blocking state is assumed, so when the safety case is present, the rope pulley 14 can rotate until a stop element 62 performs a rotary movement which is less than 720 ° is, and in the presence of several stop elements 62, the rope pulley 14 can rotate until an angular range is swept which is smaller than twice the maximum intermediate angle ⁇ between two stop elements 62 in the event of a safety device.
  • the rotor 44 can be coupled again to the coupling element 48 when a safety case is detected, so that the case is over Figure 3a or Figure 3b depending on the direction of rotation, and the movement of the rope pulley 14 may be blocked at the latest after the predetermined movement segment has passed, in particular an angular interval.
  • the movement of the rope pulley 14 is thus restricted to the predetermined movement segment, which is smaller than the combination of the first and second predetermined movement segment, when a safety device is present. This is ensured by the interaction of the stop element with the control element.
  • a cam section 66 on the stop element 62 and a cam guide surface 76 on the control element 40 guarantees that the control element 40 enters the blocking position at the latest after passing through the first predetermined movement section of the coupling element 48, and thus the cable pulley 14 when the rotor 44 is coupled the coupling element 48 via the at least one clamping element 46.
  • control element 40 interacts like a pawl with the stop element 62: if the control element 40 is derived from the FIG Figure 3a turned counterclockwise, this can be done in Figure 3a Stop element 62 lying in contact with stop surface 72r rotate together with coupling element 48 counterclockwise. Accordingly, the blocking device thus comprises a ratchet mechanism. The rotation of the coupling element 48 stops at the latest when the following stop element 62 hits, since the control element has again assumed its locking position due to the interaction of the cam section 66 of the stop element with the cam guide surface 76.
  • Blocking of the pulley 12 in the blocking state as shown in FIG Figure 3a shown can also be achieved by pulling away from the belay device 2 in the direction F at a securing end of the rope 16, thereby causing a load change at the securing end of the rope.
  • This causes a rotation of the control element 40 in the direction K3, which is in the blocking position, about the second rotary shaft 86 due to a leverage effect of a force acting on the ring-like element 26 through the cable 16.
  • the coupling element 48 is rotated clockwise.
  • the function of the belay device 2 has been described with reference to the direction of rotation W of the rope pulley 14. Due to the symmetrical structure of the safety device 2, the function of the safety device 2 in the direction of rotation opposite to the direction of rotation W corresponds to the function of the safety device 2 in the direction of rotation W in an analogous manner.
  • a braking device 106 is integrally formed on a housing 104 to reduce the weight of the backup device 102.
  • the first section 168 of the control element has an actuating section 192 that is separate from the braking device 106.
  • the actuation section 192 is preferably designed to be actuated by a belayer to move the control element.
  • the braking device 106 is designed as a ring-like element 126 with a slot 128 through which a cable loop can be introduced into the inner region of the ring-like element 126.
  • a first cable end 184a preferably protrudes upwards from the ring-like element 126, while the second cable end 184b is guided around the cable pulley 114 by the user and then inserted through the slot 128 into the interior of the ring-like element 126.
  • One of the half-rollers 142v can have a recess 194 aligned in the radial direction, so that the second cable end 184b can be inserted into the cable receiving groove.
  • a closure element 130 which is preferably mounted so as to be displaceable with respect to the housing 104.
  • the closure element 130 is preferably designed to close the slot 128.
  • the closure element 130 is designed to subdivide the interior of the ring-like element 126 into two essentially closed eyes, the first cable end 184a or the second cable end 184b running through each of these eyes.
  • the braking device 106 is arranged stationary with respect to a coupling point formed as an opening 178.
  • FIG. 7 a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG Figures 5 to 7 described which are thereby is characterized in that at least one stop element 262 is arranged directly on at least one clamping element 246, whereby in the third embodiment of the present invention the clamping element 246 is contiguous, preferably in one piece, with a coupling element.
  • the clamping element 246 can be both a clamping element and a coupling element within the meaning of the claims or claims.
  • the non-visible edge of the receiving groove 298 is shown in dashed lines.
  • a belay device 202 of the third embodiment is constructed symmetrically with respect to a direction of use of a threaded rope.
  • the belay device 202 of the third embodiment of the present invention has a ring-like element 226, a braking device 206, a cable receiving element 212 designed as a cable pulley 214, and a base element 204.
  • the braking device 206 has at least one friction surface 232r, 232l, preferably two friction surfaces 232r and 232l.
  • the friction surfaces 232r, 232l are able to brake a rope, not shown, independently of the direction of movement of the rope.
  • Each of the friction surfaces 232r, 232l can be designed analogously to one of the friction surfaces 32r, 32l of the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the stop element 262 has a first contact surface 264r, a second contact surface 264l and a cam section 266.
  • the ring-like element 226 can have two sub-elements 226l, 226r which, in a preferred embodiment, are rotatably mounted on a common rotation shaft 286 on the base element 204.
  • One of the sub-elements 226r of the ring-like element 226 is formed integrally with a control element 240, wherein the sub-element 226r can comprise elements of the braking device 206.
  • the control element 240 has in a preferred embodiment a cam guide surface 276, stop surfaces 272l, 272r and limiting projections 274l, 274r.
  • the pulley 214 may include a first half-pulley 242v and a second half-pulley 242h.
  • At least one receiving groove 298, particularly preferably two receiving grooves 298, is provided in a surface element 296 of the second half-roller 242h.
  • the surface element 296 of the second half-roller 242h can also be viewed as a rotor.
  • the surface element 296 can be a rotor within the meaning of one or several claims.
  • the surface element 296 can be formed integrally with the second half-roller 242h, but it is also possible that the surface element 296 is produced separately and is mounted on the second half-roller 242h by means of screws and / or rivets, so that the second half-roller 242h and the surface element 296 are rotatably connected to each other.
  • the securing device 202 preferably comprises two clamping elements 246. Each of these clamping elements is equipped with at least one, preferably two, guide pins 300l, 300r.
  • the shape of a pin 300l, 300r is preferably adapted to the configuration of an associated receiving groove 298. It is further preferred that at least one of the pins 300l, 300r, preferably both pins 300l, 300r protrude into the associated receiving groove 298.
  • the at least one receiving groove 298 has an outer peripheral region 298out, which preferably extends along a segment of a circle around an axis of rotation 224 of the surface element 296.
  • the outer peripheral area 298out is preferably delimited in each direction of rotation by a blocking area 298rb, 298lb. Between the blocking regions 298rb, 298lb, a support arrangement 302 can be provided on the side of the receiving groove 298 opposite the outer peripheral region 298out.
  • the support assembly 302 preferably includes a left pin seat 298ls and a right pin seat 298rs.
  • the area of the support arrangement 302 between the left 298ls pin seat and the right 298rs pin seat preferably comprises a left 298lf and a right 298lf guide surface.
  • the at least one receiving groove 298 preferably has a mirror-symmetrical structure, the mirror plane running through the axis of rotation 224.
  • the clamping element 246 is preferably prestressed by means of a spring arrangement 304 in such a way that the pins 300l, 300r rest in the respective pin seats 298ls, 298rs. If two clamping elements 246 are provided, the spring arrangement 304 preferably couples the two clamping elements 246 to one another.
  • the surface element 296, the at least one clamping element 246 and the control element 240 are elements of a centrifugal clutch and a blocking device of the safety device 202.
  • the braking device 206, in particular the friction surfaces 232r, 232l, is / are separate from elements of the centrifugal clutch and / or the blocking device 208, in particular at a distance from and / or separately from movable elements of the centrifugal clutch and preferably in a stationary manner with respect to a coupling point 278 designed as a through hole.
  • the coupling point 278 is preferably formed in the base element 204, and thus stationary with respect to the base element 204, which also preferably carries the axis of rotation 224 or a shaft defining the axis of rotation 224 in such a way that the axis of rotation 224 is stationary with respect to the base element 204.
  • Under one rotationally fixed with respect to a base element formed shaft is to be understood as a shaft which cannot rotate with respect to the base element.
  • the shaft defining the axis of rotation 224 preferably rotatably supports the rope pulley 214.
  • the axis of rotation 224 or the shaft defining the axis of rotation 224 is preferably arranged in a stationary manner with respect to the base element 204.
  • the blocking device 208 is in a free-running state in which it allows the movement of the rope pulley 214.
  • the pin 300r slides along the right guide surface 298rf in the direction of the outer circumference of the surface element 296.
  • the coupling element 246 moves essentially in the opposite direction of the direction of rotation W until the pin 300l strikes the blocking area 298lb. This movement of the clamping element 246 can be supported by an interaction of the at least one stop element 262 with the control element 240.
  • the inertial force drives the pin 300r to the outer circumferential area 298out (possibly supported by the interaction of the at least one stop element 262 with the control element 242) so that essentially there is a state in which both pins 300l, 300r are in contact with the outer circumferential area 298out and the pin 300r is above that of the flat 306 in a radial direction.
  • a centrifugal force drives the at least one clamping element 246 in the direction of the outer circumference of the surface element 296 until both pins 300l, 300r strike the outer circumferential area 298out of the receiving groove 298.
  • This centrifugal force is counteracted by the force exerted by the spring arrangement, so that both pins 300l, 300r only strike the outer circumferential area 298out of the receiving groove 298 when the speed of rotation of the rope pulley 214 exceeds a limit speed, and thus outside that assigned to the rotary speed (as a movement parameter of the rope pulley) predetermined safety range of the rotational speed (whereby there is a safety case).
  • the pin 300l is moved in the blocking area 298lb, so that there is essentially a state in which both pins 300l, 300r are in contact with the outer peripheral area 298out and the pin 300r is in a radial direction above the Flattening 306 is located.
  • Case 1) that the limiting projection 2741 coming first in the direction of rotation W rests on the peripheral surface of the surface element 296, or Case 2) that the in the direction of rotation W as the second coming limiting projection 274r rests on the peripheral surface of the surface element 296.
  • the first contact surface 264r strikes the stop surface 272l of the left limiting projection 274l and since the pin 300l is in contact in the stop area 298lb and the at least one coupling element 246 is due to the If the position of the pin 300r above the flattening 306 cannot deviate with respect to a radial direction of the surface element 296 towards the axis of rotation, the rotation (a movement) of the surface element 296 and, due to the non-rotatable connection of the surface element 296 with the pulley 214, also the pulley 214, is blocked without a stop element 262 having passed the control element 240 since the safety event occurred.
  • the act of striking the first contact surface 264r (an interaction) with the stopping surface 272l can be carried out in accordance with FIG Fig. 7 Ensure the indicated position of the pins 300l, 300r in relation to the blocking area 298lb and the flattened area 306.
  • the control element 240 changes to its blocking position as soon as the contact surface 264r strikes the stop surface 272l and the blocking device 208 then moves into the Blocking position passes.
  • the left sub-area 226l becomes If the axis of rotation 224 is rotated opposite to the direction Z, the control element 240 leaves its blocking position, the blocking of the rope pulley 214 or the surface element 296 is released, whereby the blocking of the movement of the at least one clamping element (coupling element) 246 is released.
  • the blocking device 208 is in a blocked state.
  • the blocking state is assumed at the latest during the movement of the second stop element in the area influenced by the control element 240, so that the blocking device assumes the blocking state regardless of an actuation of the control element 240 before the cable receiving element 114 has passed through a predetermined movement section.
  • the blocking state the movement of the clamping element (coupling element) 246 with respect to the base element 204 is blocked, since the control element 240 preferably establishes a force connection between the clamping element 246 and the base element 204 in the blocking state via the shaft 286.
  • the blocking state occurs after a security case has occurred.
  • the function of the blocking device in the third embodiment can be interpreted in such a way that the control element 240 has the function of a pawl and the blocking device then accordingly comprises a pawl mechanism.
  • the partial element 226r of the ring-like element is used to insert the rope 226 rotated (unfolded) about the second axis 286 in the direction of the arrow Z, as a result of which a closure 308 between the right partial area 226r and the left partial area 226l is opened.
  • a closure 310 on the other side between the left 226l and right 226r sub-elements of the ring-like element 226 is opened. Through these two openings, the rope can be threaded around the rope pulley into an inner region of the ring-like element 226 to be closed later.
  • the securing device 202 can be in a state ready for securing, and the braking device 206 is preferably arranged essentially in a stationary manner relative to the coupling point 278.
  • the axis 286 preferably prevents a cable loop from sliding out of the interior of the ring-like element 226, which loop has jumped out of the cable pulley 214.
  • the lock 308 preferably the locks 308 and 310, is used to transmit force to the left sub-element 226l of the ring-like element 226. If the left sub-element 226l is attached to the If the axis of rotation 268 is pivoted downwards, at least the lock 310, preferably the locks 308 and 310, serves to transmit the force to the right partial element 226r.
  • An inserted rope can set the rope pulley 214 in motion.
  • a housing section can be provided on the side of the cable pulley 2014 opposite the base element 204.
  • the shaft 224 is preferably arranged non-rotatably on the housing section and rotatably mounted in the base element 204.
  • the two sub-elements 226l, 226r (first and second sub-element) of the ring-like element 226 are rotatably mounted on an associated first and second rotary shaft, respectively, which replaces the rotary shaft 286, it being possible to think of the sub-element 226l over to support the first rotation shaft rotatably on the base member 204 and the split member 226r rotatably on the housing section via the second rotation shaft.
  • the axes of rotation defined by the shaft 224 and the second rotating shaft are relative to one another via the housing section set.
  • the base element and the housing section can be rotated relative to each other, whereby the first rotary shaft is displaced relative to the second rotary shaft and the ring-like element 226 unfolds becomes.
  • the ring-like element 226 can in particular be unfolded in that the first sub-element 226l and the second sub-element 226r are displaced and / or rotated relative to one another.
  • a rope can be inserted particularly easily, in particular through an opening in the ring-like element 226, which is created by opening the closure 308 or 310 or through the openings in the ring-like element 226, which through the opening of the shutter 308 or 310 arise.
  • the base element 204 can be viewed as a further housing section and the housing section described above can be viewed as a base element for the purposes of this application.
  • FIG. 8a to 8e A fourth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG Figures 8a to 8e described, which is characterized by the fact that the centrifugal clutch and the ratchet mechanism of the safety device 402 comprises two sections, the first section of the centrifugal clutch coupling of elements, which leads to a blockage of the pulley when an acceleration or a speed of a pulley is exceeded in one first direction of rotation of the rope pulley (there is a safety case), and causes no coupling of elements leading to a blockage of the rope pulley, if the rope pulley has a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation, even if a Safety case is present when the rope pulley rotates in the second direction of rotation; and the second section of the centrifugal clutch causes a coupling of elements, which leads to a blockage of the pulley, when an acceleration or a speed of the pulley is exceeded in the other direction of rotation of the pulley (there is a safety case
  • FIG. 8a shows a safety device 402, the structure of which is similar to that of the safety device 202, but differs in the centrifugal clutch and the control element. Corresponding parts of the securing device 202 are provided with the same reference numerals in the securing device 402. In order to emphasize the functionality of the securing device 402, the illustration of a housing or a base element in FIG Figures 8a to 8e been waived.
  • Figure 8a shows a first section of a centrifugal clutch of the safety device 402.
  • the first section of the centrifugal clutch of the safety device 402 can comprise a locking recess 404 and at least one flyweight 408 rotatably mounted on a shaft 406, which is provided with a switching tooth 410.
  • the flyweight 408 can be fitted with an elastic element, for example a spring 412 (for an overview only in Figure 8a indicated) to be biased towards a rest position. In the rest position there is a freewheeling state and the rope pulley 214 can rotate.
  • the rest position can be defined by the flyweight 408 resting against a resting section 413, which is designed, for example, as a bolt or an elevation.
  • the locking recess 404 and the shaft 406 are each arranged in a stationary manner with respect to the rope pulley 214 (the rope receiving element).
  • a blocking device of the belay device 402 comprises the centrifugal clutch and the cable pulley 214 as a cable receiving element.
  • the rope pulley 214 is rotatably mounted on a shaft 224.
  • the first section of the centrifugal clutch preferably has a control element 416, which can be rotatably mounted on a shaft 414 on the ring-like element 226.
  • the control element 416 is preferably in an in Figure 8a biased passive position shown, for example by a spring (not shown).
  • the control element 416 can have a pawl 418 and / or a control element stop surface 420 and / or a cam guide surface 422 and / or a switch tooth stop surface 424.
  • the ring-like element 226 can be modified in such a way that it has a control element abutment surface 426.
  • the ring-like element 226 is preferably pivotably mounted on the shaft 414. Accordingly, the blocking device can thus include a latch mechanism.
  • the second section of the centrifugal clutch is on the in Figure 8a
  • the rear side of the pulley 214 is arranged and is preferably mirror-symmetrical to the first section of the centrifugal clutch with respect to a plane through the centers of the shaft 414 and the shaft 224, which are mounted in a stationary manner relative to one another, in order to achieve the same functionality (with reversed directions of rotation of the components) a W opposite direction of rotation of the pulley 214 to have.
  • the pulley 214 becomes fast enough in direction W (first direction of rotation) rotates (moves), the centrifugal force drives the centrifugal weight 408 against the force of the spring 412, preferably by a rotation around the shaft 406, in particular in the direction S, into an active position, which in Figure 8b is shown.
  • the inertial force drives the centrifugal weight 408 against the force of the spring 412, preferably by rotating around the shaft 406, in particular in the direction S, in a Figure 8b active position shown.
  • the flyweight 408 rests on a stop element 434, which prevents further rotation of the flyweight 408 in the S direction.
  • the stop element 434 is designed to be stationary with respect to, and preferably connected with, the rope pulley 214.
  • flyweight 408 If the flyweight 408 is in the active position, there is a safety case. If the flyweight 408 is in the active position and the pulley 214 rotates further in direction W, the switching tooth 410 strikes the switching tooth stop surface 424 ( Figure 8c ), which causes a rotation of the control element 416 about the shaft 414 in the direction P, whereby the pawl 418 engages in the locking recess 404.
  • a flank 428 of the locking recess 404 is inclined in relation to a radial direction of the cable pulley 214 in the W direction, so that when the pawl 418 engages in the locking recess 404, a state is reached in which the rotation (the movement) of the cable pulley 214 is reliably blocked, so that a locked condition exists, wherein the rotation of the pulley 214 is blocked (stopped) and the cable movement is stopped.
  • a flank 430 of the pawl 418 is preferably inclined opposite to the direction W (viewed in engagement with the locking recess 404), and in particular is designed to be complementary to the flank 428 of the locking recess 404.
  • control element stop surface 420 engages the Control element abutment counter surface 426, which causes a rotation of the ring-like element 226 in the P direction. Furthermore, when the pawl 418 has engaged the locking recess 404, the flyweight 408 can return to the rest position ( Figure 8d ).
  • the control element stop surface 420 engages the control element stop counter surface 426 and the movement in the direction W of the switching tooth 410 is stopped, which is due to the contact of the flyweight 408 on the stop element 434 Stopping the pulley 214 has the consequence and is also to be viewed as a blocking state. One of the blocking states thus occurs regardless of the influence of a belayer.
  • the pretensioning of the control element 416 into its passive position or a rotation of the rope pulley 214 opposite to the direction W can be sufficient to engage the pawl 418 to solve in the locking recess 404, as in Figure 8e shown. If the engagement of the pawl 418 in the locking recess 404 is released, the freewheeling state is present again.
  • Pulling the end of the fuse or reducing / releasing the tension at the end of the fuse can be understood as load changes.
  • the switching tooth 410 strikes the cam guide surface 422 during the course of the rotation.
  • the surface of the switching tooth 410 abutting against the cam guide surface 422 is preferably designed, for example, inclined or rounded in the W direction, so that the stop of the switching tooth 410 on the cam guide surface 422 causes the flyweight 408 to move out of the active position, preferably a rotation around the shaft 406 opposite to the direction S triggers, whereby the switching tooth 410 can slide under the control element 416 opposite to the direction W.
  • this has the same functionality for the opposite direction of rotation of the rope pulley 214 as the first section of the centrifugal clutch for the direction of rotation W.
  • both the flyweight 408 of the first section of the centrifugal clutch and that not shown are located Flyweight of the second section of the centrifugal clutch in the active position.
  • the movement of the rope pulley 214 is independent of a direction of rotation and thus the Direction of movement of the guided rope, blocked, whereupon movement of the rope is blocked.
  • the movement of the pulley 214 is, since an interaction of the reversing tooth 410 with the reversing tooth stop surface 424 moves the pawl 418 directly into the locking recess 404, if a safety device is present, it is stopped after a rotation of the pulley 214 by 360 ° at the latest Blocking device has taken the blocking state.
  • the first section of the centrifugal clutch and the second section of the centrifugal clutch are preferably functionally independent of one another.
  • Flyweight is meant preferably the entire one-piece material section connected to the flyweight.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
EP20175459.5A 2015-04-22 2016-04-21 Appareil de sécurité Active EP3725383B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015207363.7A DE102015207363A1 (de) 2015-04-22 2015-04-22 Sicherungsgerät
EP16166359.6A EP3093050B1 (fr) 2015-04-22 2016-04-21 Appareil de sécurité

Related Parent Applications (1)

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EP16166359.6A Division EP3093050B1 (fr) 2015-04-22 2016-04-21 Appareil de sécurité

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EP3725383A1 true EP3725383A1 (fr) 2020-10-21
EP3725383B1 EP3725383B1 (fr) 2024-07-03

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JP5860001B2 (ja) * 2013-04-18 2016-02-16 藤井電工株式会社 ランヤードとそのランヤードを備えた安全帯
US10583315B2 (en) * 2015-04-07 2020-03-10 Harken, Incorporated High load descender with adaptive release linkage
CA2982124C (fr) * 2015-04-07 2023-04-25 Harken, Incorporated Descendeur de charge elevee avec liaison de liberation adaptative
US11660475B2 (en) 2015-04-07 2023-05-30 Harken, Incorporated High load descender with adaptive release linkage
US9968804B2 (en) * 2016-01-14 2018-05-15 Reliance Industries, Llc Nozzle for retractable fall arrest
CN109107057B (zh) * 2018-10-23 2023-08-29 应急管理部上海消防研究所 一种具有自适应性的绳索横渡装置
US11833376B2 (en) 2019-11-01 2023-12-05 Honeywell International Inc. Horizontal lifeline shuttle apparatus
USD939938S1 (en) * 2019-11-01 2022-01-04 Honeywell International Inc. Fall protection sleeve
CN111135488A (zh) * 2020-01-21 2020-05-12 珠海索奇电子科技有限公司 一种高楼火灾救生装置的刹车系统
US11141621B2 (en) * 2020-03-02 2021-10-12 T2 Fitness Products, Inc. Combined friction resistance and elastic resistance exercise device
CN111840852A (zh) * 2020-08-18 2020-10-30 中际联合（北京）科技股份有限公司 绳索锁止装置
DE102021102673A1 (de) 2021-02-04 2022-08-04 Edelrid Gmbh & Co. Kg Tragbares Seilsicherungsgerät für die Partnersicherung beim Klettern
FR3125971A1 (fr) 2021-08-03 2023-02-10 Zedel Dispositif d’assurage et procédé d’utilisation
WO2024118200A1 (fr) * 2022-11-30 2024-06-06 William Burke Dispositif de descente et/ou de montée commandé

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US20110088976A1 (en) * 2006-07-14 2011-04-21 Latchways Plc Speed responsive engagement device
EP2011546A1 (fr) * 2007-07-03 2009-01-07 Gamesystem Dispositif anti-chute et installation de sécurité incorporant un tel dispositif
WO2010121699A1 (fr) 2009-04-21 2010-10-28 Skylotec Gmbh Embrayage centrifuge et descendeur à entraînement direct
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3093050A2 (fr) 2016-11-16
EP3721950B1 (fr) 2021-06-23
DE102015207363A1 (de) 2016-10-27
EP3725383B1 (fr) 2024-07-03
EP3093050B1 (fr) 2020-06-17
EP3721950A1 (fr) 2020-10-14
US20160310767A1 (en) 2016-10-27
EP3093050A3 (fr) 2017-03-22

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