EP3680371B1 - Circular comb units with a circular comb attached to a shaft - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a circular comb unit for a combing machine for combing textile fibers.

Combs for use in combing machines are known, e.g. in the form of circular or circular combs, from public prior use, with combing elements being arranged on a circular comb base body, which engage with the fiber tuft of the textile fibers to be combed. A comb provided with combing elements along at least part of its circumference is referred to as a circular comb. The active combing area can be, for example, 78°, 90°, 111° or 180° of the circumference of a surface line of the circular comb. The combing elements can be, for example, needles, pinstripes, sawtooth wire sections, comb teeth or, in particular, sawtooth stamped parts. Several of these combing elements are usually preassembled into combing bars, which are sometimes also referred to as combing segments or combing sets. Such a comb bar can, for example, have several sawtooth stamped parts, sawtooth wire sections or even toothed discs arranged one behind the other axially, i.e. in the direction of the axis of rotation.

In the DD 283 847 A5 describes the attachment of a circular comb base body provided with several combing bars on the rotatable shaft of a combing machine, referred to there as a circular comb roller, by means of screw connections. In order to be able to In order to achieve good combing quality at combing speeds, the fastening strip at the front in the circumferential or direction of rotation, which is otherwise usual for attaching the screw connections, is dispensed with.

Furthermore, in the CH 683 190 A5 describes a radially height-adjustable fastening of a circular comb base body provided with a plurality of combing bars on a roller or holding body of a combing machine. The circular comb base body is held at an infinitely adjustable radial distance from the roller or holding body. This radially adjustable holder makes it possible to easily set a desired low radial distance between the tooth tips of the combing needles or combs and a pair of tongs holding the tuft to be combed. A slight concave bending of the circular comb resulting from the adjustable holder is said to be advantageous.

In addition, in the DE 282 989 C a mechanism for attaching claw blades to claw roller segments by means of a tangential pulling force, in which BE 527 113 A a mechanism for attaching scraper brush segments on a hollow cylindrical scraper brush body of a carding machine by means of a tangential tensile force and in the U.S. 2,605,512 A discloses a mechanism for attaching pinstripes to a circular comb body with the pinstripes being pressed together by a compressive force.

The object of the invention consists in specifying a circular comb unit of the type described at the beginning with improved properties compared to the previously known embodiments.

To solve this problem, a circular comb unit according to the features of patent claim 1 is specified. The circular comb unit according to the invention comprises a shaft rotatable about an axis of rotation and a circular comb fastened to the shaft, comprising a circular comb base body with an outer peripheral side and an inner peripheral side, the circular comb base body being equipped with fastening means for fastening it on the shaft, and on the outer peripheral side of the Circular comb base body arranged in particular directly adjacent combing elements that cover a comb circumferential angle segment in their entirety and define a combing area of the circular comb. The attachment means of the circular comb base body are designed to apply a tangential tensile force to the circular comb base body when it is fastened to the shaft. The circular comb unit for fastening the circular comb to the shaft comprises at least one mounting surface which is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation and on which the circular comb base body rests with its inner peripheral side, with the circular comb base body being fastened to the shaft when a tangential tensile force is applied. Furthermore, the circular comb unit comprises a fastening mechanism for fastening the circular comb base body to the shaft, the fastening mechanism comprising a counterweight for the circular comb and interacting with the fastening means.

The circular comb base body essentially has the basic shape of a peripheral segment of a hollow cylinder, the cylinder axis of the hollow cylinder being a central longitudinal axis of the circular comb base body that coincides in particular with the axis of rotation.

The location or direction information used here relates in particular to the axis of rotation or a cylinder coordinate system defined by the axis of rotation. In this respect, “axial” stands for an orientation in the direction of the axis of rotation, “radial” for an orientation perpendicular to the axis of rotation and “tangential” for an orientation in the circumferential direction around the axis of rotation.

It has been recognized that the circular comb has a particularly precise and, within the entire combing area, essentially uniform radial position of all tooth tips of the combing teeth of all combing elements, if this is theoretically provided according to the circular comb design in question, or if the tooth tips are on different ones according to the circular comb design in question radial positions should lie, which, viewed across all combed tacks, allows the tooth tips that are radially furthest away from the axis of rotation to be mounted in the combing machine and in particular on the shaft if the circular comb base body is (directly or indirectly) attached to the shaft with a tensile force or Tensile stress is applied. A tangential pulling force contributes significantly to the fact that the circular comb body is pressed against a mounting surface.

In this context, combing elements are understood to mean, in particular, needles, pinstripes, sawtooth wire sections, comb teeth or sawtooth stamped parts. Several such combing elements can be combined to form combed bars, combing segments or combing sets.

The more precise, more uniform and—compared to the underlying circular comb design—more position-accurate the position of at least the radially most protruding tooth tips, the closer the comb elements be placed on a tong unit of the combing machine holding the textile fibers to be combed and the better the combing result that can be achieved.

Even if the circular comb base body exhibits undesirable mechanical torsion or distortion due to one of the manufacturing steps, or its diameter has a tolerance or inaccuracy of e.g Position of the tooth tips of the combing elements. Such distortions or tensions, like diameter tolerances, can be compensated due to the tensile force applied to the circular comb base body.

Since during the production of the circular comb base body no special attention has to be paid to avoiding torsion/tension and/or to the high-precision compliance with the diameter specification, the circular comb base body of the circular comb can be produced easily and inexpensively.

The mounting surface can in particular be a smooth (ie not provided with a surface structure) surface in the form of a segment of a cylinder, which is in particular free of projections or depressions. It can either in particular be part of the shaft or in particular part of a fastening mechanism placed at least partially between the shaft and the circular comb base body. In this respect, the attachment of the circular comb base body to the shaft can be designed in particular directly or indirectly. In addition, it is favorable if the mounting surface in the form of a cylinder segment has a high degree of concentricity and/or has rotational symmetry with respect to the axis of rotation. In particular, the mounting surface meets the basic tolerance level IT7 according to the standard DIN ISO 286-1:1990-11 or according to the successor version EN ISO 286-1:2010-11.

In particular, the counterweight is a one-piece molded integral part of another component fastening mechanism. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the counterweight, as an independent component, to be mechanically connected and/or interacting with other components of the fastening mechanism. The inclusion of the counterweight in the fastening mechanism results in a structure with an overall reduced number of individual components.

Advantageous refinements of the circular comb unit according to the invention result from the features of the claims dependent on claim 1 .

An advantageous configuration is one in which the fastening means are at least partially configured as at least one tension attachment projection protruding inwards on the inner peripheral side (in particular radially), i.e. towards the axis of rotation, and in particular provided with an undercut, or as at least one protruding outward on the outer peripheral side (in particular radially). -βen are formed above and in particular with an undercut tension attachment projection, wherein in particular two tension attachment projections are present, one of which is preferably arranged on one of the two tangential ends of the circular comb base body. Such tensile fastening projections allow tensile stress to be applied to the circular comb base body in a simple manner. Preferably, the tension attachment projection with a to the radial Be equipped towards oblique contact or contact surface, so that the applied tensile stress has both a tangential and a radially inward-oriented directional component.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the fastening means are at least partially designed as at least one fastening contact surface, and a surface normal of the fastening contact surface, which is designed in particular as a conical surface, preferably as an inner peripheral surface of a conical bore, extends both to the radial direction in relation to the axis of rotation and to the direction in relation to the axis of rotation tangential direction inclined or tilted. In particular, the surface normal of the fastening contact surface encloses an angle from the open angle range ]0° with the radial and the tangential direction; 90°[ and preferably from the angle range [15°; 75°] a. Such a sloping or tilted fastening contact surface allows the circular comb base body to be subjected to tensile stress in a simple manner.

In particular, the fastening means can also be designed at least partially as radially running through bores in the circular comb base body on at least one of its two tangential end regions, with at least some of the through bores each having a bore cross-sectional area that widens conically towards the outer peripheral side in the form of a conical seat for receiving a tapered screw head of a tension fastening screw has, so that when the tension fastening screws are installed, a tangential tensile force on the circular comb base body also advantageously results. In particular, each through-bore has in each case a through-bore longitudinal axis running essentially in the radial direction.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the fastening means are at least partially designed as base body threaded bores for screwing in tension fastening screws, the base body threaded bores starting from a radial boundary surface on at least one of the two tangential ends of the circular comb base body, in particular as blind holes in the circular comb base body extend into. Such base body threaded bores make it possible to apply tensile stress to the circular comb base body in a simple manner.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the fastening means are designed at least in part as at least one receiving eyelet integrally formed on one of the two tangential ends of the circular comb base body with an eyelet through-opening extending in the direction of the axis of rotation for the detachable insertion of a rotatable eccentric clamping rod. Such a receiving eyelet can be attached to the circular comb base body without great effort. As part of an eccentric mechanism, it also enables the application of tensile force to the circular comb base body in a simple manner.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb base body is designed to deform elastically when it is subjected to the tangential tensile force provided for its attachment to the shaft. Due to the elastic deformation, the circular comb base body nestles very closely and well against a mounting surface, so that production-related geometric tolerances, i.e. deviations from the exact geometric shape actually desired, and also production-related stresses within the circular comb base body are very large be continuously balanced or made more uniform. Thus, in its assembled state, the circular comb base body has practically exactly the theoretically desired shape and dimensions according to the construction documents. The manufacturing tolerances described for the circular comb base body are then practically completely eliminated.

The same advantages result from a further favorable embodiment in which the circular comb base body consists of a base body material with a yield point or a yield point and is designed to absorb a permanent stress caused by the fastening force for its attachment to the shaft is in the range between 40% and 80%, in particular between 45% and 70%, and preferably between 47% and 53% of the yield point or elongation limit. During operation, the stress caused by combing is added to the stress caused by the fastening force with an additional stress. The circular comb body is preferably designed to withstand both stresses without damage. Whether the yield point or the yield point is decisive depends on the choice of material for the circular comb base body.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb base body has on its inner peripheral side a cylindrical segment-shaped inner peripheral surface with an inner radius R _i (ϕ, z), the value of the inner radius Ri(cp, z) in the unassembled state of the circular comb base body depending on a tangential and axial position subject to local radius fluctuations, and these local radius fluctuations in the range between ±0.2% and ±2%, in particular between ±0.3% and ±1.2% and preferably between ±0.35% and ±0.55% of an inside radius setpoint R _iS . The circular comb base body has manufacturing tolerances, which can manifest themselves in particular in the form of deviations in the specified contour and/or in the form of deviations from straightness and/or in the form of mechanical twisting and/or tension. These manufacturing inaccuracies occur in particular when the circular comb base body is designed as an extruded profile that is comparatively inexpensive to produce, preferably made of aluminum or a material containing aluminum. Such production-related deviations can advantageously be readily compensated for by the attachment of the circular comb base body subjected to tensile force.

A further advantageous embodiment is one in which the comb unit comprises counter-fastening means which interact with the fastening means of the comb base body to fasten the comb base body to the shaft in such a way that the tangential tensile force is applied to the comb base body. As a result, the circular comb base body is pressed tightly against the smooth and, in particular, very dimensionally accurate, cylinder-segment-shaped mounting surface. On the other hand, any mechanical distortions or stresses or diameter tolerances of the circular comb base body are also compensated during this pressing process. The counter fastening means can in particular be part of the shaft or in particular part of a fastening mechanism placed at least partially between the shaft and the circular comb base body.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism for fastening the circular comb base body to the shaft, the fastening mechanism comprising a tie rod which represents a counter-means for fastening and can in particular be pivoted about a pivot axis and which is attached to the at least one inwardly or outwardly projecting tension fastening projection of the circular comb Base body attacks under the action of the circular comb base body with the particular adjustable tangential tensile force. As a result, a tangential tensile stress acting on the circular comb base body is brought about and the advantageous compensation of twists, strains or diameter tolerances in the circular comb counter-body is accomplished in a simple manner.

According to a further favorable configuration, the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism for fastening the circular comb base body to the shaft, with the fastening mechanism comprising a fastening counter-contact surface which represents a fastening counter-means and bears against the fastening contact surface with a (in particular radially) variable contact position, and a surface normal which, in particular, acts as a conical counter-surface , preferably as an outer peripheral surface of a tapered screw head, runs obliquely or tilted both to the radial direction in relation to the axis of rotation and to the direction tangential to the axis of rotation, wherein the tangential tensile force acting on the circular comb base body can be adjusted by means of the contact position. In particular, the surface normal of the fastening counter-abutment surface encloses an angle from the open angle range ]0° with the radial and the tangential direction; 90°[ and preferably from the angle range [15°; 75°] a. The inclinations of the attachment contact surface and the attachment counter contact surface are particularly adapted to each other. Due to this inclined position, a tangential tensile stress acting on the circular comb base body is also brought about in a simple manner and the advantageous compensation of twists, tensions or diameter tolerances in the circular comb counter-body is accomplished.

In particular, the circular comb unit can also have a fastening mechanism which comprises at least one holding body which at least partly forms the mounting surface, in particular in the shape of a segment of a cylinder and which is provided with at least one holding body threaded bore, the holding body threaded bores together with associated tension fastening screws, each of which is provided with a tapered screw head, Represent attachment countermeasures. In particular, the holding body threaded bores preferably extend outside of the combing region, starting from the cylindrical segment-shaped mounting surface, as blind holes into the holding body. A first portion of the bolster threaded bores and a second portion of the bolster threaded bores are tangentially spaced from one another by a bolster circumferential angular distance. The through holes arranged on the first tangential end area of the circular comb base body and representing counter fastening means are spaced tangentially by a base body circumferential angle distance from the through holes arranged on the other tangential end area of the circular comb base body and also representing counter fastening means. In each case one of the cable attachment screws is inserted through one of the through holes in the circular comb base body and screwed into one of the holding body threaded holes, with the tapered screw head sitting within the conical seat of the through hole. The base body circumferential angle distance of the through holes of the circular comb base body is in the unassembled State of the circular comb base body is smaller than the holding body circumferential angle distance of the holding body threaded hole, whereby depending on the penetration or screwing depth of the tapered screw heads in the conical seat of the associated through hole, a tangential tensile stress is exerted on the circular comb base body and the compensation of torsion, tension or diameter tolerances is effected at the circular comb counter-body. In an alternative embodiment, another attachment of the circular comb base to the holding body is provided on one of the two tangential end regions of the circular comb base instead of the screw fastening with the tapered screw heads engaging in conical seats, such as a simple fixed bearing.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism for fastening the circular comb base body to the shaft, the fastening mechanism comprising a tension screw anchoring block outside the combing area, and the tension screw anchoring block having through-holes for receiving the tension fastening screws. In particular, the lag screw anchor block extends radially outwardly. The tension fastening screws are screwed into the respective associated base body threaded bore of the circular comb base body with a particularly adjustable screwing depth. This in turn causes a particularly adjustable tangential tensile stress acting on the circular comb base body in a simple manner, and the advantageous compensation of torsion, tension or diameter tolerances in the circular comb counter-body is accomplished. In particular, the attachment by means of the lag screw anchoring block is only at a tangential end of the crest counterbody. At the other tangential end, the circular comb base body can be fastened to the holding body in particular be done conventionally, ie, for example, by means of simple fastening screws, which are inserted essentially in the radial direction through through-holes provided in the circular comb base body and screwed into the holding body, or by means of fastening projections that engage in one another.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism for fastening the circular comb base body to the shaft, which includes at least one counter eyelet, which counter eyelet also has a counter eyelet through-opening extending in the direction of the axis of rotation for detachably inserting the rotatable eccentric tension rod, wherein a degree of overlapping of the eyelet through-opening of the circular comb base body and the counter-eyelet through-opening of the fastening mechanism can be increased by means of a rotary movement of the inserted eccentric tension rod, whereby the circular comb base body is acted upon by the tangential tensile force at the same time. By twisting the eccentric tension rod into its tightened final assembly position, the receiving eyelet and the receiving counter-eyelet are forced to move towards one another, which also increases the overlap of the eyelet through-opening and the counter-eyelet through-opening and, advantageously, the tensile force is also applied to the circular comb base body . This eccentric mechanism thus makes it possible in a simple manner to introduce a high tensile force or tension into the circular comb base body, so that the desired compensation for manufacturing tolerances or inaccuracies takes place.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism which is designed to fix the circular comb base body to attach it to the shaft with the tangential tensile force in such a way that the circular comb base body deforms elastically. Due to the elastic deformation, the circular comb base body nestles very closely and well to the mounting surface, so that production-related geometric tolerances, i.e. deviations from the exact geometric shape actually desired, and also production-related stresses within the circular comb base body are largely compensated or evened out. Thus, in its assembled state, the circular comb base body has practically exactly the theoretically desired shape and dimensions according to the construction documents. The manufacturing tolerances described for the circular comb base body are then practically completely eliminated.

The same advantages result from a further favorable embodiment in which the circular comb base body consists of a base body material with a yield point or a yield point, and the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism which is designed to open the circular comb base body for fastening it to apply the tangential tensile force to the shaft in such a way that the stress on the circular comb base body caused by the fastening force is in the range between 40% and 80%, in particular between 45% and 70%, and preferably between 47% and 53% of the yield point or the yield point.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb unit has a tear-off segment intended for tearing off a tuft combed out in the combing area, with a tear-off lateral surface in the shape of a cylindrical segment, the tear-off segment being in particular approximately opposite the combing area of the circular comb under the action of a tangential traction is attached to the shaft. The attachment of the tear-off segment on the shaft is particularly direct or indirect, z. B. on holding body configured. Due to the attachment subject to tensile force, essentially the same advantages result for the tear-off segment as for the circular comb base body. In this way, production-related geometric inaccuracies or fluctuations are also compensated for in the tear-off segment. The result is a very precise and true-to-position positioning of the detachable lateral surface.

According to another advantageous embodiment, there is a first fastening mechanism for fastening the circular comb to the shaft and a second fastening mechanism for fastening the tear-off segment to the shaft, with the first fastening mechanism and the second fastening mechanism being of essentially identical design. This simplifies the overall structure and reduces manufacturing costs. Since fewer different individual components are required, e.g. the logistics effort during production.

There are other favorable configurations for the circular comb unit according to the invention. In particular, configurations with strip-shaped contact zones are also possible.

Fig. 1

ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem an einer Welle befestigten Kreiskamm, wobei kein Befestigungsmechanismus mit erfindungsgemäßem Gegengewicht vorhanden ist, weshalb diese Kreiskammeinheit nicht erfindungsgemäß ist,

Fig. 2

die Kreiskammeinheit gemäß Fig. 1 in einem teilmontierten Zustand in einer Seitenansicht parallel zur Drehachse der Welle,

Fig. 3

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt der Draufsicht der Kreiskammeinheit gemäß Fig. 1,

Fig. 4

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem an einer Welle befestigten Kreiskamm, wobei kein Befestigungsmechanismus mit erfindungsgemäßem Gegengewicht vorhanden ist, weshalb diese Kreiskammeinheit nicht erfindungsgemäß ist,

Fig. 5

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines bei den Kreiskammeinheiten gemäß Fig. 1 bis 3 sowie gemäß Fig. 4 zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms auf der Welle vorgesehenen Befestigungsmechanismus mit einem Schwenkanker, wobei der Befestigungsmechanismus kein erfindungsgemäßes Gegengewicht enthält und deshalb nicht erfindungsgemäß ist,

Fig. 6

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines bei den Kreiskammeinheiten gemäß Fig. 1 bis 3 sowie gemäß Fig. 4 zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms auf der Welle vorgesehenen Befestigungsmechanismus mit einem Zugschraubenverankerungsblock, wobei der Befestigungsmechanismus kein erfindungsgemäßes Gegengewicht enthält und deshalb nicht erfindungsgemäß ist,

Fig. 7

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines bei den Kreiskammeinheiten gemäß Fig. 1 bis 3 sowie gemäß Fig. 4 zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms auf der Welle vorgesehenen Befestigungsmechanismus mit einer Kegelkopfschraubenmontage, wobei der Befestigungsmechanismus kein erfindungsgemäßes Gegengewicht enthält und deshalb nicht erfindungsgemäß ist,

Fig. 8

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem an einer Welle befestigten Kreiskamm, wobei kein Befestigungsmechanismus mit erfindungsgemäßem Gegengewicht vorhanden ist, weshalb diese Kreiskammeinheit nicht erfindungsgemäß ist,

Fig. 9

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt der Draufsicht der Kreiskammeinheit gemäß Fig. 8,

Fig. 10

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem an einer Welle befestigten Kreiskamm, wobei kein Befestigungsmechanismus mit erfindungsgemäßem Gegengewicht vorhanden ist, weshalb diese Kreiskammeinheit nicht erfindungsgemäß ist,

Fig. 11

ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem Kreiskamm und einem zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms auf einer (nicht mit dargestellten) Welle vorgesehenen und ein Gegengewicht umfassenden Befestigungsmechanismus in einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite,

Fig. 12

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem Kreiskamm und einem zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms auf einer (nicht mit dargestellten) Welle vorgesehenen und ein integriertes Gegengewicht umfassenden Befestigungsmechanismus in einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite,

Fig. 13

eine toleranzbehaftete Kontur des Kreiskamm-Grundkörpers des Kreiskamms der Kreiskammeinheit gemäß Fig. 12 im noch nicht endgültig montierten Zustand in einer vergrößerten Ausschnittsdarstellung,

Fig. 14

einen Exzenter-Teilmechanismus des Befestigungsmechanismus der Kreiskammeinheit gemäß Fig. 12 in einer vergrößerten Ausschnittsdarstellung, und

Fig. 15

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem Kreiskamm, einem Abreißsegment und einem zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms und des Abreißsegments auf einer Welle vorgesehenen Befestigungsmechanismus in einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite.

Further features, advantages and details of the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows:

1

an embodiment of a circular comb unit of a combing machine with a circular comb attached to a shaft, wherein no fastening mechanism with a counterweight according to the invention is present, which is why this circular comb unit is not according to the invention,

2

the circle comb unit according to 1 in a partially assembled state in a side view parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft,

3

according to an enlarged section of the top view of the circular comb unit 1 ,

4

a further embodiment of a circular comb unit of a combing machine with a circular comb attached to a shaft, wherein there is no fastening mechanism with a counterweight according to the invention, which is why this circular comb unit is not according to the invention,

figure 5

a first exemplary embodiment of one of the circular comb units according to FIG Figures 1 to 3 as well as according to 4 for the tangentially tensioned attachment of the circular comb on the shaft, the attachment mechanism with a pivoting anchor, wherein the attachment mechanism does not contain a counterweight according to the invention and is therefore not according to the invention,

6

a second exemplary embodiment of one of the circular comb units according to FIG Figures 1 to 3 as well as according to 4 fastening mechanism provided for tangentially tensioned fastening of the circular comb on the shaft with a lag screw anchoring block, wherein the fastening mechanism does not contain a counterweight according to the invention and is therefore not according to the invention,

7

a third exemplary embodiment of one of the circular comb units according to FIG Figures 1 to 3 as well as according to 4 fastening mechanism provided for tangentially tensioned fastening of the circular comb on the shaft with a conical head screw assembly, wherein the fastening mechanism does not contain a counterweight according to the invention and is therefore not according to the invention,

8

a further embodiment of a circular comb unit of a combing machine with a circular comb attached to a shaft, wherein there is no fastening mechanism with a counterweight according to the invention, which is why this circular comb unit is not according to the invention,

9

according to an enlarged section of the top view of the circular comb unit 8 ,

10

a further embodiment of a circular comb unit of a combing machine with a circular comb attached to a shaft, wherein there is no fastening mechanism with a counterweight according to the invention, which is why this circular comb unit is not according to the invention,

11

an embodiment of a circular comb unit according to the invention of a combing machine with a circular comb and a fastening mechanism provided for tangentially tensioned fastening of the circular comb on a shaft (not shown) and comprising a counterweight in a plan view of an axial end face,

12

a further exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit according to the invention of a combing machine with a circular comb and a fastening mechanism provided for tangentially tensioned fastening of the circular comb on a shaft (not shown) and comprising an integrated counterweight in a top view of an axial end face,

13

a contour subject to tolerances of the circular comb base body of the circular comb according to the circular comb unit 12 in the not yet finally assembled state in an enlarged detail view,

14

according to an eccentric sub-mechanism of the attachment mechanism of the circular comb unit 12 in an enlarged detail view, and

15

another exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit according to the invention of a combing machine with a circular comb, a tear-off segment and a fastening mechanism provided for tangentially tensioned fastening of the circular comb and the tear-off segment on a shaft in a top view of an axial end face.

Corresponding parts are in the Figures 1 to 15 provided with the same reference numbers. Details of the exemplary embodiments explained in more detail below can also represent an invention on their own or be part of an object of the invention.

In Figures 1 to 3 a first exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit 1 of a combing machine for combing textile fibers is shown. The circular comb unit 1 comprises a circular comb 2, a fastening mechanism 3 and a shaft 5 rotatable about an axis of rotation 4. The axis of rotation 4 can in particular also be understood as the central longitudinal axis of the circular comb unit 1. In relation to the axis of rotation 4, a cylindrical coordinate system is defined with an axial direction z oriented along the axis of rotation 4, with a direction r oriented in the distance direction to the axis of rotation 4, and with a tangential direction φ pointing in the circumferential direction around the axis of rotation 4. The circular comb 2 is fixed on the rotatable shaft 5 by the fixing mechanism 3 . The Circle Crest 2 comprises a circular comb base body 6 with an outer peripheral side 7 and an inner peripheral side 8 as well as several, in the illustrated embodiment a total of five, arranged on the outer peripheral side 7 comb bar 9 with comb teeth 10, which are intended for meshing engagement in the tuft of the textile fibers. The combed tacks 9 can have different structures. In particular, the comb teeth 10 of the comb bar 9 can have different shapes and distances and be present in different numbers.

The tooth tips 11 of the comb teeth 10 are at a distance from the axis of rotation 4 referred to as the comb radius KR. In addition, the tooth tips 11 are spaced apart by a tip distance D from a lower edge of an upper nipper 12 . The upper nipper 12 forms, together with a lower nipper 13, a nipper unit 14 of the combing machine. The fiber tuft (not shown) of the textile fibers to be combed is held by means of this gripper unit 14 . The more precise and uniform the tip distance D is within the entire combing area of the circular comb 2, the closer the tooth tips 11 can be moved to the lower edge of the upper nipper 12 and the better and more constant the combing result that can then be achieved. The combing area of the circular comb 2 is defined by all the combed bars 9 . All of the combed tacks 9 cover a combing circumferential angle segment KS forming the active combing area, which for example has a value of preferably 78°, 90°, 111°, 137° or 180°, but also other values from the range between 75° and 180° can accept. The tip distance D moves in particular in the range between 0.15 mm and 0.9 mm. In the Figures 1 to 3 The circular comb unit 1 shown and the associated circular comb 2 are characterized by a particularly precise, uniform and position-accurate comb radius KR, at least that which is radially furthest away from the axis of rotation 4 Tooth tips 11 of all comb bars 9, so that these tooth tips 11 can be placed advantageously up to 0.2 mm closer to the gripper unit 14 in the circular comb unit 1 and in the further circular comb units described below compared to conventional circular comb units.

In order to achieve this, the circular comb 2 and in particular its circular comb base body 6 are designed in a special way. The circular comb base body 6 has defined and in particular singular contact surfaces both to the comb bars 9 and to a (multi-part here) mounting surface 15 of the fastening mechanism 3 .

On its outer peripheral side 7, the circular comb base body 6 has, among other things, two external contact strips 16 and 17 per comb bar 9, which extend in the axial direction z and are spaced apart from one another in the tangential direction φ. Between the two outer contact strips 16 and 17 is a recess 18 with a radially projecting fastening lug 19. The outer contact strips 16 and 17 form combing bar contact surfaces on which the relevant combing bar 9 rests.

On the opposite inner peripheral side 8, the circular comb base body 6 is also provided with contact strips, namely per comb bar 9 with the inner contact strips 20, 21 and 22 ie in particular in the direction of the axis of rotation 4, and are tangentially spaced apart by depressions 23. The inner contact strips 20 - 22 are formed by projections on the inner peripheral side 8 . They represent the only contact surfaces within the combing area defined by the totality of all combed bars 9 of the circular comb base body 6 to the mounting surface 15 of the mounting mechanism 3 provided for mounting on the shaft 5. In this respect, these inner contact strips 20-22 form shaft mounting contact surfaces. Since the fastening mechanism 3 is arranged in between, the inner contact strips 20-22 are used for an indirect connection to the shaft 5. In other exemplary embodiments, which are implemented without a fastening mechanism 3 or have another fastening mechanism, the inner contact strips 20-22 can also be directly on the shaft 5 abut and thus form a direct connection with the same. In these alternative exemplary embodiments, the peripheral surface of the shaft 5 then forms the mounting surface against which the circular comb base body rests with its inner peripheral side 8 .

As shown in the enlarged view 3 As can be seen, in the mounted state between the inner contact strips 20-22 due to the depressions 23 cavities or gaps are formed which separate the inner contact strips 20-22 from one another. These gaps are non-contact. In the area of these gaps, there is no contact between the circular comb base body 6 and the opposite mounting surface 15.

Per combed tack 9 are in accordance with the embodiment Figures 1 to 3 the two outer contact strips 16, 17 are assigned to two of the inner contact strips 20-22, namely the inner contact strips 20, 21. The outer contact strip 16 and the assigned inner contact strip 20 and the outer contact strip 17 and the assigned inner contact strip 21 each form a pair of strips 24 and 25. The outer contact strip 16 and its assigned inner contact strip 20 of the strip pair 24 are opposite one another. They overlap in their respective tangential expansion at least partially. The same applies to the outer contact strip 17 and the inner contact strip 21 of the second pair of strips 25. In particular, the circular comb base body 6 in the region of the pairs of strips 24, 25 has a continuous material connection or bridge in the radial direction r between the ones on the outer peripheral side 7 and on the inner peripheral side 8 provided contact surfaces to the comb bars 9 and to the mounting surface 15. The radial distances d ₁ and d ₂ between these outer and inner contact surfaces of the circular comb base body 6 can be set and finished very precisely. This also applies when the circular comb base body 6 is designed, as in the exemplary embodiment shown, as an extruded aluminum profile that is anodized, among other things, for hardening purposes. Thus, the circular comb base body 6 shown is a component that can be produced inexpensively, but which at the same time has highly precise radial spacing dimensions d ₁ , d ₂ with the opposing outer contact strips 16 , 17 and inner contact strips 20 , 21 of the strip pairs 24 , 25 . In the exemplary embodiment shown, the distance dimensions d ₁ , d ₂ each have a value of between 4 mm and 8 mm, in particular between 5 mm and 7 mm and preferably about 6 mm.

The inner contact strips 22 provided in addition to the inner contact strips 20, 21 of the strip pairs 24, 25 are optional. They cause an additional support function.

The two pairs of strips 24, 25 are each a pair of edge strips which is arranged close to a tangential bar edge 26 and 27 respectively. The tangential distance φ ₁ of the pair of strips 24 from the bolt edge 26 and the tangential distance φ ₂ from the bolt edge 27 are respectively smaller than a tangential distance φ ₃ between the two pairs of strips 24, 25.

In the enlarged section according to 4 a further exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit 28 with a circular comb 29 is shown. The circular comb 29 includes a circular comb base body 30 which is slightly modified compared to the circular comb base body 6 of the circular comb unit 1 . Thus, surface areas 31 are provided on the outer peripheral side 7, on which combed tacks arranged tangentially one behind the other rest. These uniform surface areas 31 then represent two external contact strips 32, 33, although at the boundary between the adjacent combed bars 9 between the external contact strips 32, 33 there is no structural delimitation within the relevant surface area 31. In principle, however, such a structural delimitation between the external contact strips 32 and 33 could be provided in another exemplary embodiment, which is not shown here.

On the inner peripheral side 8 of the circular comb base body 30 , in addition to the inner contact strips 22 already provided for the circular comb base body 6 , double-acting inner contact strips 34 embodied in turn as projections are arranged. The indentations 23 are located between the inner contact strips 22 and the double-acting inner contact strips 34, as a result of which there is a structural separation. The inner contact strip 34 is located opposite the outer contact strip 33 of one of the combed bars 9 and at the same time the outer contact strip 32 of the adjacent combed bar 9 and is also assigned to these two external contact strips 32, 33. In this respect, each inner contact strip 34 is involved in two pairs of strips 35, 36 respectively. With the pairs of strips 35, 36 are in turn very precise radial distances d ₃ and d ₄ for the distances formed between the contact surfaces present on the outer peripheral side 7 and the inner peripheral side 8 of the circular comb base body 30 with the comb bars 9 or with the mounting surface 15 .

By means of the circular comb units 1 and 28, the tooth tips 11 can be positioned very uniformly, i.e. with essentially the same comb radius KR, and very precisely.

The following are based on the Figures 5 to 7 and partly also based on the 2 various possibilities for the tangentially tensioned fixation of the circular combs 2 and 29 on the shaft 5 are explained.

The figure according to figure 5 corresponds to an enlarged section of the illustration of the circular comb unit 1 according to FIG 1 , the components hidden behind a holding body 37 also being shown in dashed lines. These hidden components, like the holding body 37 and the mounting surface 15 partially formed by the holding body 37, are part of the fastening mechanism 3.

For its attachment to the shaft 5 or for connection to the shaft 5, the circular comb base body 6 comprises attachment means, which are used in FIG figure 5 shown embodiment as on the inner peripheral side 8 on the two tangential edges 38 and 39 of the base body integrally formed and inwardly projecting tension attachment projections 40 and 41 are formed. The cable attachment projections 40, 41 are undercut and have engaging surfaces 42, 43 tapering obliquely to the point of the deepest undercut.

The attachment mechanism 3 has attachment counter means which interact with the tension attachment projections 40, 41 of the circular comb base body 6 in the assembled state, so that the circular comb base body 6 is subjected to a tangential tensile force. At the in the 1 , 2 and 5 The exemplary embodiment shown comprises these fastening counter means on the one hand fixed bearing 44 and on the other pivot bearing 45. According to FIG 2 In the longitudinal side view shown, the fastening mechanism 3 in the exemplary embodiment shown comprises a total of three identically constructed sub-units 46, 47 and 48, each of which contains a fixed bearing 44 and a pivot bearing 45. Each of these sub-units 46, 47, 48 has two upper holding bodies 37 which together form the multi-part mounting surface 15 on which the circular comb base body 6 rests with its inner contact strips 20-22 in the manner described above. The holding bodies 37 are designed as holding plates, the narrow side of which forming the mounting surface 15 has the shape of a cylinder segment. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the plate-shaped holding bodies 37 are designed as aluminum injection-molded or aluminum die-cast components, resulting in a low weight. The narrow sides of the holding body 37 in the shape of a segment of a cylinder and forming the mounting surface 15 are manufactured precisely and true to size. In addition to the upper holding bodies 37, plate-shaped lower holding bodies 49 are also provided, which are screwed to the respective associated upper holding bodies 37 within the respective sub-units 46, 47, 48. The holding bodies 37 and 49 each have an approximately semicircular recess which is intended for receiving the shaft 5 . A counterweight 50 is arranged on the undersides of the lower holding bodies 49 opposite the holding bodies 37 for mass balancing.

The figure according to 2 shows an only partially assembled state of the circular comb unit 1. The three sub-units 46-48 of the fastening mechanism 3 shown in the lower part of the figure are covered when the assembly is complete. This cover is in 2 omitted in order to be able to see the details of the attachment mechanism 3 better.

The two upper and lower holding bodies 37 and 49 belonging to one of the sub-units 46-48 are spaced apart axially, but in particular are each connected to one another. This connection is preferably made in one piece, e.g. by means of a narrow connecting bridge. The mechanism for connecting the upper and lower holding bodies 37, 49 and the components or mechanisms of the fixed bearing 44 and the pivot bearing 45 are accommodated in the intermediate space thus formed.

The fixed bearing 44 comprises a fastening rod 51, which runs axially between the two upper holding bodies 37 of the relevant sub-units 46-48 and is carried by these two upper holding bodies 37, with a fastening lug 52 projecting laterally on an upper edge, which extends towards the inclined engagement surface 42 of the fastening projection 40 corresponding oblique mating engagement surface 53 has. In the mounted state, the fastening lug 52 engages in the undercut of the cable fastening projection 40, with the engagement surface 42 and the engagement counter-surface 53 abutting one another. The oblique course of these two surfaces 42, 53 means that the circular comb base body 6 is also pressed more strongly in the radial direction r against the mounting surface 15 as the tangential tensile stress acting on it increases.

The same engagement mechanism is provided in the pivot bearing 45 on the other tension attachment projection 41 of the circular comb body 6 . The pivot bearing 45 comprises a tie rod 55 which is pivotably mounted about a pivot axis 54 and which has a tie rod nose 56 with a counter-engagement surface 57 which is again oblique at its front end. In the mounted state, the counter-engagement surface 57 bears against the engagement surface 43 of the cable attachment projection 41 . There is also an adjusting screw 58 by means of which the pivoting position of the tie rod 57 can be adjusted. The adjusting screw 58 is mounted in a through hole of a rotatably mounted support shaft 59 .

The force, by means of which the tie rod 55 presses against the fastening projection 41 of the circular comb base body 6, can be infinitely varied and adjusted according to the desired specifications by means of the adjusting screw 58. As a result, the circular comb base body 6 is subjected to an adjustable tangential tensile stress. One acting on the circular comb base body 6 in the embodiment according to 1 , 2 and 5 The tangential tensile force F ₁ caused by the tie rod 55 is opposed by an oppositely oriented counter-holding force F ₂ of the same magnitude and applied by the bearings 44, 45. The tensile force F ₁ acting equally on the circular comb base body 6 at every circumferential position leads to a (slight) stretching of the circular comb base body 6 in the tangential direction ϕ and to a close fitting of the circular comb base body 6 to the mounting surface 15, so that any In the course of the manufacturing process, unintentionally created tensions or twists or diameter tolerances of the circular comb base body 6 are compensated. This compensation is also possible in particular because the circular comb base body 6 does not cover the entire surface, but rather only singularly by means of the on its inner peripheral side 8 arranged inner contact strips 20-22 on the mounting surface 15 is present. On the other hand, at least the two inner contact strips 20, 21 belonging to the pairs of strips 24, 25 are provided as contact surfaces for each combed bar 9, so that the (radial) position of each combed bar 9 and thus of all tooth tips 11 is exact, even and in particular when a large tensile stress is applied is defined. Compared to the theoretical specifications of the design documents, the tooth tips 11 have a very high level of positional accuracy after practical implementation, ie after assembly on the shaft 5 has taken place.

The tangential tensile stress or tensile force F ₁ in connection with the close fitting of the circular comb base body 6 to the mounting surface 15 advantageously also leads to a radially inwardly directed contact pressure force acting on the circular comb base body 6, so that in particular the fastening lug 19 also moves inwards is pulled and pressed against a corresponding retaining projection 19a of the relevant comb bar 9. This force exerted by the fastening lug 19 on the retaining projection 19a can preferably be so great that separate other fastening means, such as fastening strips and/or screws, for fastening the comb bars 9 on the circular comb base body 6 can be omitted. This results in assembly and cost advantages. This aspect is also an invention in itself.

In 6 and 7 other exemplary embodiments are shown for applying a corresponding tangential tensile stress to a circular comb base body.

At the in 6 The embodiment shown of a correspondingly modified circular comb unit 60 shows a circular comb base body 61 with differently configured fastening means. On the tangential edge 38 of the base body, the circular comb base body 61 is also provided with the tension attachment projection 40 which protrudes inwards on the inner peripheral side 8 and is part of a fixed bearing 62 . In this exemplary embodiment, the corresponding counter fastening means of a fastening mechanism 63 provided for attachment to the shaft 5, which also belong to this fixed bearing 62, comprise a retaining block 64 that engages in the undercut of the fastening projection 40 and at least one retaining screw 65, by means of which the circular comb base body 61 and the retaining block 64 are screwed together and to a holding body 66 of the fastening mechanism 63 . The holding body 66 can in turn be designed as a relatively narrow component, with a sufficient thickness being provided to accommodate a threaded hole. Alternatively, the holding body 66 can also have a greater extent in the axial direction z, in particular over the entire axial length of the circular comb unit 60.

A tension bearing 67 is placed on the other tangential base body edge 39 of the circular comb base body 61 . At least one threaded hole 68 in the base body is provided on the tangential edge 39 of the base body, which extends from the radial boundary surface on this tangential edge 39 of the base body as a blind hole into the material of the circular comb base body 61 . This at least one base body threaded hole 68 thus represents a means of attachment of the circular comb base body 61 Through bore 70 inserted through hole 70 cable attachment screw 71. The cable screw anchoring block 69 extends outside of the meshing area of the mounting surface 15 of the holder body 66 radially outward. It is attached to the holding body 66 in a suitable manner.

The circular comb base body 61 can be subjected to the desired tangential tensile stress or tensile force F ₁ by screwing the fastening screw 71 more or less far into the base body threaded bore 68 .

In 7 a further exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit 72 with a circular comb basic body 73 and a fastening mechanism 74 provided for fastening on the shaft 5 is shown. The attachment mechanism 74 includes a holding body 75 which is configured similarly to the holding body 66 of the circular comb unit 60 according to 6 . In particular, this holding body 75 has a sufficient axial thickness to accommodate threaded bores 76, 77 for screwing in tension fastening screws 78 and 79, respectively.

In the circular comb base body 73, in the area of two tangential base body edges 38 and 39, there are through bores 80 and 81, respectively, which widen conically towards the outer peripheral side 7 and have the shape of a conical seat at least in this outer area.

The threaded holes 76 present in the holding body 75 are spaced apart from the threaded holes 77 by a holding body circumferential angular distance which, at least in the unassembled state, is greater than a basic body circumferential angular distance by which the circular comb basic body 73 existing through holes 80 on the one hand and 81 on the other hand are spaced apart. The through holes 80 on the one hand and 81 on the other hand in the two tangential edge regions of the circular comb base body 73 are therefore tangentially closer together in the unassembled state than the corresponding threaded holes 76 on the one hand and 77 on the other hand provided in the holding body 75.

The circular comb base body 73 is fastened to the mounting surface 15 of the holding body 75 by means of the tension fastening screws 78, 79 inserted through the through bores 80, 81 and screwed into the threaded bores 76, 77.

The tension fastening screws 78, 79 each have a conical head 78a, 79a, which is placed in the conical part of the through bores 80, 81 in the assembled state. The further the cable attachment screws 78, 79 are screwed into the threaded bores 76, 77, the deeper the conical heads 78a, 79a of the cable attachment screws 78, 79 are located within the conical seats of the through bores 80, 81 and the greater the tangential tensile stress or tensile force F ₁ exerted on the circular comb body 73 thereby.

The inner peripheral surface of the conical area of the through bores 80, 81 thus form fastening contact surfaces which run obliquely in relation to the radial direction r and also in relation to the tangential direction φ. Correspondingly, the outer peripheral surfaces of the conical heads 78a, 79a of the traction fastening screws 78, 79 are fastening counter-abutment surfaces which are also inclined with respect to the radial direction r and to the tangential direction φ. These surfaces thus represent fastening means and counter fastening means for applying the tangential tensile force F ₁ to the circular comb base body 73.

In principle, other embodiments for the tangentially tensioned attachment of a circular comb or its circular comb base body to the shaft 5 are also conceivable. In particular, combinations of the attachment variants explained above are also possible.

In 8 and 9 is an embodiment of another circular comb unit 82 with a circular comb 83 and the already based on the 1 , 2 and 5 explained fastening mechanism 3 shown. The circular comb 83 has a circular comb base body 84.

In contrast to the previously discussed circular comb base bodies 6, 30, 61 and 73, the circular comb base body 84 has no projections on its inner peripheral side 8. Rather, the inner peripheral side 8 is configured as a smooth inner peripheral surface 85 in the shape of a segment of a cylinder that is concentric with the axis of rotation 4 . For this purpose, the mounting surface 86 intended to rest against this cylindrical-segment-shaped circumferential surface 85 of the circular comb base body 84 has contact projections 87, 88, 89 that protrude radially outward and are tangentially spaced apart from one another. Between tangentially adjacent ones of the contact projections 87-89 there is in each case a recess 89a which also structurally separates the relevant tangentially adjacent ones of the contact projections 87-89 from one another.

The mounting surface 86 is in turn designed in several parts and is formed by the plate-shaped holding bodies 37 . In addition to those shown in the enlarged detail view according to 9 visible contact projections 87-89, there are further corresponding contact projections 87-89, axially spaced at the same tangential positions, of the further axially spaced and shown in accordance with FIG 2 visible holding body 37. All axially aligned, spaced-apart contact projections 87 or 88 or 89 thus form rows of contact projections 90 or 91 or 92.

In the assembled state, the contact projections 87-89 of all holding bodies 37 form the only contact surfaces with the inner peripheral surface 85 of the circular comb base body 84.

The external contact strips 16, 17, which are also provided in the case of the circular comb base body 84 for contacting the comb bars 9, are assigned to the row of contact projections 90 and 91, respectively. The outer contact strip 16 and the contact projection row 90 are in turn located at the same or at least at an overlapping tangential position, as are the outer contact strip 17 and the contact projection row 91. Therefore, there are essentially the same advantages in terms of the exact positioning of the tooth tips 11 as above described in the embodiment of the circular comb unit 1. The external contact strips 16 are each assigned to one of the contact projection rows 90, as a result of which a strip/projection pair 93 is formed in each case. Likewise, the external contact strips 17 are each assigned to one of the contact projection rows 91, as a result of which a strip/projection pair 94 is formed in each case.

As with the circular comb unit 1, there are also alternative embodiments similar to the circular comb unit 82. According to the 10 The embodiment shown of such an alternative circular comb unit 95 with a circular comb base body 96 are similar to the circular comb unit 28 combined or double-acting contact projections 97 and combined or double-acting rows of contact projections 98 formed therefrom are provided on the mounting surface 86 . The rows of contact projections 98 each form a pair of strips/projections 99 with one of the external contact strips 33 of the circular comb base body 96 and a pair of strips/projections 100 with one of the external contact strips 33 of the circular comb unit 28, which is constructed in a similar manner.

The mechanisms explained above for the circular comb units 1, 28, 60 and 72 for the tangentially tensioned fastening of the relevant circular comb base body 6, 30, 61 or 73 on or on the shaft can be used in the same way for the circular comb units 82 and 95. Their circular comb base bodies 84 and 96 are also advantageously subjected to a tangential tensile stress in the assembled state in order to compensate for any mechanical torsion or distortion or diameter tolerances of the circular comb base bodies 84 and 96 and thus achieve a very precise and true-to-position position at least of the radially furthest from the axis of rotation 4 distant tooth tips 11 of all combed tacks 9 to ensure.

In 11 a further exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit 101 of a combing machine for combing textile fibers is shown. The circular comb unit 101 also comprises a circular comb 102 and a fastening mechanism 103, by means of which the circular comb 102 on the in 11 is not attached to the shaft 5 shown under the action of a tangential tensile stress or tensile force F ₁ . The circular comb 102 is constructed similarly to that of the circular comb unit 60 according to FIG 6 . This applies in particular to the actual comb bars 9, but also to a circular comb base body 104, on the outer peripheral side 7 of which the comb bars 9 are detachably attached, as in the circular comb units 1, 28, 60, 72, 82 and 95 described above. In the embodiment shown according to 11 there are a total of six combed tacks 9 . On the inner peripheral side 8 of the circular comb base body 104, the three radially inwardly projecting inner contact strips 20, 21 and 22 are again provided per comb bar 9, which within the combing area are the only contact surfaces of the circular comb base body 104 to the multi-part and in this exemplary embodiment also concentric to the Axis of rotation 4 arranged mounting surface 15 of the attachment mechanism 103 form.

To fasten the circular comb base body 104 and thus also the circular comb 102 as a whole to the shaft 5 and to apply the desired tangential tensile force F ₁ to the circular comb base body 104, the circular comb base body 104 has a one-piece molded-on and attached to its first tangential edge 38 of the base body the outer peripheral side 7 outwardly protruding tension fastening projection 105. In this respect, there is a difference to the circular comb base bodies 6 and 84, in which the tension fastening projections 40, 41 each protrude on the inner peripheral side 8 inward. On its second tangential edge 39 of the base body, the circular comb base body 104 is provided with a threaded extension 106, which is also formed in one piece and is equipped with the at least one base body threaded bore 68, which, starting from the radial boundary surface, forms a blind hole in the material of the circular comb base body 104 extends. This at least one base body threaded hole 68, like the outwardly protruding cable attachment projection 105, each represents a means of attachment of the Circular comb base body 104, which are designed to apply a tangential tensile force F ₁ to the circular comb base body 104 when mounted on the shaft 5. The threaded extension 106 of the circular comb base body 104 containing the base body threaded bore 68 is also such a fastening means.

In contrast to the fastening mechanisms 3, 63 and 74 described above, a counterweight 107 is included in the fastening mechanism 103. This counterweight 107, designed as a separate component, is in particular a block of material that extends continuously in the axial direction. For attachment to the shaft 5, screw connections are provided by means of a plurality of shaft attachment screws 108. These screw connections represent a first partial attachment of the counterweight 107 to the shaft 5. The in 11 Shaft 5, not shown, has through bores through which these shaft fastening screws 108 are inserted. The counterweight 107 is arranged essentially on the side of the shaft 5 opposite the meshing area.

Further components of the fastening mechanism 103 are the (upper) holding bodies 109 forming the mounting surface 15, which essentially correspond to the holding bodies 37, 66 and 75 described above, as well as two holding clamps 110 and 111 designed as hollow profiles. The holding clamps 110, 111 are held in place by means of two holding pins 112 is pivotably mounted on the counterweight 107, with in particular only limited pivotability being provided in each case. The retaining clip 110 ends in a hook shape at the upper end facing away from the fastening point on the counterweight 107 , as a result of which a clip nose 113 is formed which engages in an undercut of the cable fastening projection 105 .

As above based on figure 5 described, in this exemplary embodiment there is also a sloping engagement surface 42 on the tension fastening projection 105 due to the undercut, and on the clip lug 113 there is also a corresponding sloping counter-engagement surface 53 which bear against one another.

The second retaining clip 111 is designed differently than the first retaining clip 110, in particular at its upper end facing away from the fastening point on the counterweight 107. Through these through holes 115 are similar to the in 6 described exemplary embodiment of the circular comb unit 60 pull-fastening screws 71 inserted therethrough in order to screw them into the base body-threaded hole 68 in the threaded extension 106 of the circular comb base body 104 . The cross brace 114 of the retaining clip 111 corresponds in this respect to the tension screw anchoring block 69 of the circular comb unit 60 according to 6 . The cross brace 114 can also be understood as such a lag screw anchor block. By screwing the tension fastening screws 71 into the threaded extension 106 to an appropriate extent, the circular comb 102 and in particular its circular comb base body 104 is subjected to the desired tangential tensile force F ₁ . At the same time, due to this connection of the counterweight 107 to the circular comb 102 via the two retaining clips 110 and 111, the counterweight 107 is clamped to the shaft 5. This clamped connection thus represents a second partial attachment of the counterweight 107 to the shaft 5. For its attachment on the shaft 5 there are in particular screw connections on the one hand and the clamp connection explained on the other hand. With an alternative not shown Exemplary embodiment, the screw connections are omitted. In particular, only the clamping connection is then present.

The circular comb unit 101 or its fastening mechanism 103 comprises counter-fastening means which interact with the aforementioned fastening means in such a way that the desired tensile force is applied to the circular comb base body 104 . The counter-means of attachment are, in particular, the retaining clip 110 with the clip nose 113, the retaining clip 111 with the cross brace 114 and the through-holes 115 contained therein, and the tension fastening screws 71.

In 12 a further exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit 116 of a combing machine for combing textile fibers is shown. The circular comb unit 116 comprises a circular comb 117 and a fastening mechanism 118 for fastening the circular comb 117 to the in 12 also not shown with shaft 5. The circular comb 117 contains a circular comb base body 119, on the outer peripheral side 7 several (in the illustrated embodiment, six) comb bar 120 are glued. To this extent, the attachment of the comb bars 120 to the circular comb base body 119 differs from the exemplary embodiments described above.

A further difference is that there is no structured surface contour either on the inner peripheral side 8 of the circular comb base body 119 or on the mounting surface 15 of the fastening mechanism 118 . So there is a lack of contact strips or contact projections. Instead, the inner peripheral side 8 of the circular comb base body 119 is designed as a surface that is purely in the form of a segment of a cylinder. The same goes for the Mounting surface 15 (again in several parts and arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation 4). In the unmounted state, the circular comb base body 119 is subject to the usual manufacturing tolerances. In order nevertheless to ensure the desired, very precise and true-to-position positioning of the tooth tips 11 of all the comb bars 120, the circular comb base body 119 is subjected to a particularly high tangential tensile force F ₃ in the assembled state. This application of tensile force is so high that the circular comb base body 119 is elastically deformed. The stress caused by this tangential tensile force F ₃ of the circular comb base body 119, which is also designed as an extruded aluminum profile in this exemplary embodiment, is in particular around 50% of the yield point of the aluminum material used.

In 13 an enlarged section of the circular comb unit 116 is shown in the not yet finally assembled state, in particular with the circular comb base body 119 not yet subjected to a tensile force. On the inner peripheral side 8 of the circular comb base body 119 there is a manufacturing inaccuracy that is greatly exaggerated for clarification purposes, which results in a deviation of the inner peripheral surface of the circular comb base body 119 from the desired exact cylindrical segment-shaped geometry.

The circular comb base body 119 on its inner peripheral side 8 has an inner peripheral surface in the form of a segment of a cylinder with an inner radius R _i . On the basis of ideal production, this inner radius would be exactly the same everywhere and would assume the inner radius setpoint R _iS everywhere. In practice, however, such ideal conditions do not exist. The inner radius R _i is subject to production-related local fluctuations. The actual value of the inner radius R _i depends on the tangential and axial ones Spatial coordinates ϕ or z. This location dependency can be described by the functional expression R _i (φ, z). In 13 are the associated local inner radii R _i (ϕ ₁ , z 0 ₎ , R _i (ϕ ₂ , z ₀ ), R _i for four different tangential positions ϕ 1 , ϕ ₂ , ϕ ₃ and _{ϕ 4} with the same axial position z ₀ in each case (φ ₃ , z ₀ ) and R _i (φ ₄ , z ₀ ) are also entered. These local inner inner radii R _i (φ ₁ , z ₀ ), R _i (φ ₂ , z ₀ ), R _i (φ ₃ , z ₀ ) and R _i (φ ₄ , z ₀ ) obviously differ from one another. The reason for this is the manufacturing tolerances mentioned. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the local radius fluctuations are within ±0.5% of the internal radius setpoint R _{iS .} At the tangential position ϕ ₁ the local inner radius R _i (ϕ ₁ , z ₀ ) is exactly equal to the inner radius target value R _{iS .} At the other tangential positions ϕ ₂ , ϕ ₃ and ϕ ₄ there are production-related deviations from the inner radius target value R _{iS .}

These manufacturing inaccuracies have the effect that the circular comb base body 119 does not initially rest against the mounting surface 15 of the fastening mechanism 118 as desired. However, when the high tangential tensile force F ₃ is applied, the circular comb base body 119 is elastically deformed to such an extent that the areas of the inner peripheral surface of the circular comb base body 119 that deviate from the exact cylindrical segment geometry due to production are also pressed against the mounting surface 15 and then final assembly condition. According to the 13 with the enlarged force triangle entered, the high tangential tensile force F ₃ is divided into a radial force component F _{res_r} and a tangential force component F _{res_ϕ} . The radial force component F _{res_r} also causes the faulty areas of the inner peripheral surface of the circular comb base body 119 to be (elastic) pressed against the mounting surface 15.

In the embodiment of the circular comb unit 116 according to FIG 12 and 13 an inner peripheral surface that is purely in the form of a segment of a cylinder is provided on the inner peripheral side 7 of the circular comb base body 119 . However, there are also alternative exemplary embodiments, not shown, in which this inner peripheral surface of the associated circular comb base body has a structured surface contour and is equipped with contact strips, for example. This structuring is then achieved in particular in that the elastic deformation of the relevant circular comb base body takes place at least for the most part at points predetermined by the design and thus defined. As a result, a standardization of the material load can be achieved. In this respect, it is also possible, in particular, for the circular comb units 1, 28, 60, 72, 82, 95 and 101 described above to be subjected to a correspondingly high tangential tensile force F ₃ in order to rotate the respective circular comb base body 6, 30, 61, 73 , 84, 96 and 104, at least in the final assembled state, also to be elastically deformed and thereby to achieve the very precise and true-to-position position of the tooth tips.

Apart from the high tensile force applied, the circular comb unit 116 also has some other differences in the fastening mechanism 118 compared to the circular comb unit 101 . The fastening mechanism 118 also comprises a counterweight, the counterweight in the fastening mechanism 118 being designed as an integral part of a combined clamp-counterweight body 121 . Like the counterweight 107 of the circular comb unit 101, this clamp-counterweight body 121 is fastened to the shaft 5 in particular in two ways, namely again preferably by means of screw connections and a clamp connection. The Clamp Counterweight Body 121 is designed as a hollow profile, in particular as an extruded hollow profile, which extends continuously in the axial direction of the circular comb unit 116 .

At the first tangential edge 38 of the base body, the circular comb base body 119 is designed essentially in the same way as the circular comb base body 104. It has a tension fastening projection 105 protruding outwards. Correspondingly, a clamp section 122 of the clamp-counterweight body 121 is equipped on its outer edge with a clamp lug 113 which, in the mounted state, engages with the tension-fixing projection 105 of the circular comb base body 119 .

On the second tangential base body edge 39 of the circular comb base body 119, on the other hand, another mechanism for fastening the circular comb base body 119 under the influence of tensile force is provided, namely an eccentric mechanism. For this purpose, a plurality of receiving eyelets 123 arranged axially one behind the other are integrally formed on the second tangential base body edge 39 of the circular comb base body 119 . Correspondingly, an eccentric section 124 of the clamp-counterweight body 121 facing this second tangential counter-body edge 39 in the installed state has a plurality of receiving counter-eyelets 125 which are also integrally formed on the clamp-counterweight body 121 and are formed axially one behind the other. In the assembled state, the receiving eyelets 123 and the counter-receiving eyelets 125 are interlocked. In the axial direction, one of the receiving eyelets 123 of the circular comb base body 119 alternates with one of the counter receiving eyelets 125 of the eccentric section 124 .

The receiving eyelets 123 each have an eyelet through-opening 126, the receiving counter-eyelets 125 each have a counter-eyelet through-opening 127. According to FIG 14 shown enlarged view of in 12 With the section marked XIV, the eyelet through-openings 126 and the counter-eyelet through-openings 127 overlap at least partially in the assembled state. For assembly, an eccentric tensioning rod 128 is inserted through the eyelet passage openings 126 and the counter-eyelet passage openings 127 in its non-tensioning transverse position. A corresponding rotational movement about its longitudinal axis brings the eccentric tension rod 128 into its tensioning longitudinal position, as a result of which the circular comb base body 119 and the clip counterweight body 121 are moved or drawn towards one another, and the degree of overlap of the eyelet through openings 126 and of the counter-eyelet through-openings 127 is increased. In the process, the circular comb base body 119 is subjected to the high tangential tensile force F ₃ . The circular comb base body 119 also has fastening means with the outwardly protruding tension fastening projection 105 and the receiving eyelets 123, which are designed to apply the high tangential tensile force F ₃ to the circular comb base body 119 when it is mounted on the shaft 5. For the same purpose, there are corresponding counter fastening means cooperating with these fastening means. The latter are, in particular, the clamp section 122 with the clamp lug 113, the eccentric section 124 with the counter eyelets 125 and the eccentric clamping rod 128 that can be rotated about its longitudinal axis and is inserted in a detachable manner.

To dismantle the circular comb 117, the eccentric clamping rod 128 is first rotated back into its non-exciting transverse position, whereby the tensile load in the circular comb base body 119 disappears. The eccentric tension rod 128 can then be easily pulled out of the eyelet through-openings 126 and the counter-eyelet through-openings 127 . After loosening and removing the shaft mounting screws 108, the bracket counterweight body 121 and then the circular comb 117 can be removed as well.

In 15 a further exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit 129 of a combing machine for combing textile fibers is shown. It comprises the circular comb 2, which is essentially identical in construction, and the attachment mechanism 3, which is also essentially identical in construction, to the circular comb unit 1 according to FIG Figures 1 to 5 . On the side of the shaft 5 opposite the combing area, the circular comb unit 129 additionally includes a tear-off segment 130 with an outer tear-off jacket surface 131 that is essentially in the shape of a cylindrical segment. This second fastening mechanism is constructed essentially in the same way as the first fastening mechanism 3 provided for fastening the circular comb 2. The two fastening mechanisms 3 and 132 are screwed together in such a way that a clamping connection to the shaft 5 is provided. If required, an optional additional screw connection to the shaft 5 can be provided.

Due to the structurally identical design of the fastening mechanism 132, the tear-off segment 130 is also fastened to the shaft 5 under the action of a tangential tensile force F ₄ . As in the case of the circular comb base body 6, the tear-off segment 130 of the tangential tensile force F ₄ caused by the tie rod 55 of the fastening mechanism 132 is of the same magnitude and is oriented in opposite directions by the bearings 44, 45 of the fastening mechanism 132 applied counter-holding force F ₅ against.

The tear-off segment 130 is used in conjunction with an in 15 schematically illustrated detaching roller 133 of the combing machine for detaching the combed-out tuft. In this way, a second detaching roller can be saved. According to this principle, the so-called Heilmann principle, working comber is for example in WO 2010/012112 A1 described. It was recognized that the fastening mechanism 3 provided here initially in connection with the fastening of the circular comb 2 under tensile force can also be used in the fastening of the tear-off segment 130 in essentially the same way and with the same advantages with regard to the positioning accuracy.

A small, but not significant, difference from the circular comb unit 1 is that through-openings 134 are present in the holding bodies 37 . The through-openings 134 in the holding bodies 37 of the fastening mechanism 3 of the circular comb 2 remain unequipped, whereas in the through-openings 134 of the holding body 37 of the fastening mechanism 132 of the tear-off segment 130 an in 15 can not be used with counterweight shown.

The division of the peripheral area into a zone with a combing function and another zone with a tear-off function can also be carried out differently from the circular comb unit 129 . There are alternative exemplary embodiments, not shown in the figures, of circular comb units with different circumferential divisions, which alternative circular comb units are also each for use in a system that functions according to the Heilmann principle combing machine are determined. In contrast to the circular comb unit 129 with a division of the peripheral area into two, an exemplary embodiment of such an alternative circular comb unit has a four-division of the peripheral area into two zones with a combing function and two zones with a tear-off function, with the zones alternating functionally as seen in the circumferential direction. A zone with one function is always followed by a zone with the other function. A zone with a combing function is followed by a zone with a tearing function and vice versa. The zones each cover a circumferential angle range of approximately 90°. A circular comb is arranged in each zone with a combing function, and a tear-off segment is arranged in each case in a zone with a tear-off function. In principle, an even finer division of the peripheral area is also possible.

Claims (11)

1. A circular comb unit for a combing machine for combing textile fibers, comprising

   a) a shaft (5) which is rotatable about an axis of rotation (4), and

   b) a circular comb (2; 102; 117) which is fastened to the shaft (5), the circular comb (2; 102; 117) comprising

   b1) a circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) with an outer circumferential side (7) and an inner circumferential side (8), wherein the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) is equipped with fastening means (40, 41; 105; 106; 123) for the fastening of said circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) to the shaft (5), and

   b2) comb elements (9; 120) which are arranged on the outer circumferential side (7) of the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) and which collectively cover a combing circumferential angle segment and define a combing region of the circular comb (2; 102; 117),
   wherein

   b3) the fastening means (40, 41; 105; 106; 123) of the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) are designed to subject the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119), in the state in which it is fastened to the shaft (5), to a tangential tensile force (F₁; F₃),

   wherein

   c) the circular comb unit (101; 116; 129) comprises, for the fastening of the circular comb (2; 102; 117) to the shaft (5), at least one mounting surface (15) which is arranged concentrically with respect to the axis of rotation (4) and against which the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) bears by way of its inner circumferential side (8), wherein the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) is fastened to the shaft (5) under the action of the tangential tensile force (F₁; F₃),

   characterized in that
   d) the circular comb unit (101; 116; 129) comprises a fastening mechanism (103; 118; 3, 132) for the fastening of the circular comb main body (104; 119; 6) to the shaft (5) and which fastening mechanism (103; 118; 3, 132) interacts with the fastening means (40, 41; 105; 106; 123), wherein the fastening mechanism (103; 118; 3, 132) comprises a counterweight (107; 121) in relation to the circular comb (102; 117; 2).
2. The circular comb unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the circular comb unit (101; 116; 129) comprises fastening counterpart means (51; 55; 110, 122, 113, 111, 114, 115, 71; 124, 125, 128) which, for the fastening of the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) to the shaft (5), interact with the fastening means (40, 41; 105; 106; 123) of the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) such that the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) is acted on with the tangential tensile force (F₁; F₃).
3. The circular comb unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fastening means of the circular comb (117) are at least partially in the form of at least one receiving eyelet (123) which is integrally formed on one of the two tangential ends (39) of the circular comb main body (119) and which has an eyelet passage opening (126), extending in the direction of the axis of rotation (4), for the releasable passing-through of a rotatable eccentric clamping bar (128).
4. The circular comb unit as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the fastening mechanism (118) comprises at least one receiving counterpart eyelet (125), which receiving counterpart eyelet (125) likewise has a counterpart eyelet passage opening (127), which extends in the direction of the axis of rotation (4), for the releasable passing-through of the rotatable eccentric clamping bar (128), wherein a degree of overlap of the eyelet passage opening (126) of the circular comb main body (119) and of the counterpart eyelet passage opening (127) of the fastening mechanism (3) can be enlarged by way of a rotational movement of the passed-through eccentric clamping bar (128), whereby, at the same time, the circular comb main body (119) is subjected to the tangential tensile force (F₁; F₃).
5. The circular comb unit as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) of the circular comb (2; 102; 117) is designed to elastically deform when subjected to the tangential tensile force (F₃) in the manner provided for the fastening of said circular comb main body to the shaft (5).
6. The circular comb unit as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening mechanism is designed such that, for the fastening of the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) to the shaft (5), said fastening mechanism subjects said circular comb main body to the tangential tensile force (F₃) such that the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) elastically deforms.
7. The circular comb unit as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) of the circular comb (2; 102; 117) is composed of a main body material with a yield stress or a proof stress and is, for the fastening thereof to the shaft (5), designed to accommodate a permanent stress load, arising from the fastening force, in the range between 40% and 80%, in particular between 45% and 70% and preferably between 47% and 53%, of the yield stress or proof stress.
8. The circular comb unit as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) is composed of a main body material with a yield stress or a proof stress, and the circular comb unit (101; 116; 129) comprises a fastening mechanism (3; 103; 118) which is designed such that, for the fastening of the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) to the shaft (5), said fastening mechanism subjects said circular comb main body to the tangential tensile force (F₃) such that the stress load, arising from the fastening force, on the circular comb main body (6; 104; 119) lies in the range between 40% and 80%, in particular between 45% and 70% and preferably between 47% and 53%, of the yield stress or proof stress.
9. The circular comb unit as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circular comb main body (119) of the circular comb (117) has, on its inner circumferential side (8), a cylinder-segment-shaped inner circumferential surface with an inner radius (R_i(ϕ, z)), wherein the value of the inner radius (R_i(ϕ, z)) in the non-mounted state of the circular comb main body (119) is subject to local radius fluctuations as a function of a tangential and axial position, and said local radius fluctuations lie in the range between ±0.2% and ±2%, in particular between ±0.3% and ±1.2% and preferably between ±0.35% and ±0.55%, of an inner radius setpoint value (R_iS).
10. The circular comb unit as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circular comb unit (129) comprises a detaching segment (130) designed for detaching a fiber tuft that has been combed out in the combing region, said detaching segment having a cylinder-segment-shaped detaching shell surface (131), wherein the detaching segment (130) is fastened to the shaft (5) in particular approximately opposite the combing region of the circular comb under the action of a tangential tensile force (F₄).
11. The circular comb unit as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that a first fastening mechanism (3) is provided for the fastening of the circular comb (2) to the shaft (5), and a second fastening mechanism (132) is provided for the fastening of the detaching segment (130) to the shaft (5), wherein the first fastening mechanism (3) and the second fastening mechanism (132) are of identical construction.

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