EP3137660B1 - Circular comb and circular comb units which comprise a circular comb secured to a shaft - Google Patents

Description

This patent application takes the priority of the German patent application DE 10 2014 208 300.1 claim, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

The invention relates to a circular comb for a combing machine for combing textile fibers and for attachment to a shaft of the combing machine which can be rotated about an axis of rotation. In addition, the invention relates to circular comb units for a comber for combing textile fibers.

Combs for use in combing machines are known, for example in the form of circular or circular combs, by prior prior use, comb elements being arranged on a circular comb base body and engaging with the fiber beard of the textile fibers to be combed. A comb which is provided with combing elements along at least part of its circumference is referred to as a circular comb. The active combing area can be, for example, 78 °, 90 °, 111 ° or 180 ° of the circumference of a surface line of the circular comb. The combing elements can be, for example, needles, pin strips, saw tooth wire sections, comb teeth or, in particular, saw tooth punched parts. Several of these combing elements are usually preassembled into combing bars, which are sometimes also referred to as combing segments or combing sets. Such a combing bar can thus have, for example, several sawtooth punched parts, sawtooth wire sections arranged axially, ie in the direction of the axis of rotation, or toothed disks provided with teeth.

In the DD 283 847 A5 describes the attachment of a circular comb base body provided with a plurality of combing bars to the rotatable shaft of a combing machine, referred to there as a circular comb roller, by means of screw connections. In order to achieve good combing quality even at higher speeds of rotation or combing, the fastening strip which is otherwise customary in the circumferential direction or direction of rotation, otherwise for attaching the screw connections, is dispensed with.

Furthermore, in the CH 683 190 A5 describes a radially height-adjustable attachment of a circular comb base body provided with a plurality of combing bars to a roller or holding body of a combing machine. The circular comb base body is held at an infinitely adjustable radial distance from the roller or holding body. This radial adjustable holder makes it possible to easily set a desired low radial distance between the tooth tips of the combing needles or locks and a pair of pliers holding the fiber beard to be combed. A slight concave bending of the circular ridge resulting from the adjustable holder is said to be advantageous.

In addition, in the EP 2 633 107 A1 describes a comb of a combing machine which has a basic comb body, on the outer circumferential side of which there are external contact strips for contacting the combing bars and on the inner circumferential side of which there are internal contact strips for contacting the shaft of the combing machine. The outer and inner contact strips are assigned to one another and form pairs of strips, of which there are two per combing bar, most of the pairs of strips each being assigned to two adjacent combing bars.

In addition, in the JP H01 94471 U a mechanism for attaching combs to a circular comb base body by means of conical nuts, in the DE 282 989 C. a mechanism for attaching scraper blades to scraper roller segments by means of a tangential traction in which BE 527 113 A a mechanism for fastening scratching brush segments on a hollow cylindrical scratching brush base body of a carding machine by means of a tangential tensile force and in US 2 605 512 A. a mechanism for attaching pinstripes to a circular comb base body, wherein the pinstripes are pressed together by a compressive force.

It is an object of the invention to provide a circular comb of the type mentioned at the outset with properties which are improved compared to the previously known embodiments.

To achieve this object, a circular comb is specified according to the features of claim 1. The circular comb according to the invention comprises a circular comb base body with an outer circumferential side and an inner circumferential side, a plurality of comb bars arranged on the outer circumferential side of the circular comb base body, which in their entirety cover a comb circumferential angle segment and a comb region of the circular comb, whereby on the outer circumferential side of the circular comb base body there are at least two external contact strips per combing bar extending axially in the direction of the axis of rotation and tangentially spaced apart with respect to the rotating axis, which form combing bar contact surfaces against which the respective combing bar rests, On the inner circumferential side of the circular comb base body, there are internal contact strips which extend axially in the direction of the axis of rotation, project radially inward with respect to the axis of rotation and are spaced apart tangentially with respect to the axis of rotation and which, at least within the combing area, are the only shaft mounting contact surfaces of the circular comb base body form for direct or indirect contact with or connection to the shaft, at least some of the external contact strips being associated with one of the internal contact strips and forming a pair of strips with the latter, the external contact strip forming s and the inner contact strip of each of the pairs of strips at least partially overlap in their tangential extension, and wherein there are at least two pairs of strips per combing bar.

The circular comb base body has, in particular, essentially the basic shape of a circumferential segment of a hollow cylinder, the cylinder axis of the hollow cylinder being a central longitudinal axis of the circular comb base body, in particular coinciding with the axis of rotation.

The location or direction information used here relates in particular to the axis of rotation or a cylinder coordinate system defined by the axis of rotation. In this respect, "axial" stands for an orientation in the direction of the axis of rotation, "radial" for an orientation perpendicular to the axis of rotation and "tangential" for an orientation in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation.

It was recognized that the circular comb with a particularly exact and essentially uniform radial position within the entire comb area of all, if this is theoretically provided for in accordance with the relevant circular comb construction, tooth tips of the comb teeth of all comb bars or, if the tooth tips according to the respective circular comb construction, on different radial positions, which, viewed across all combing bars, allows tooth tips, which are the most radially distant from the axis of rotation, to be mounted in the combing machine and in particular on the shaft if pairs with contact surfaces, in particular radially opposite one another, on the inner and outer circumferential sides of the circular comb base body which preferably have at least partially matching tangential positions and / or position ranges. The more precise, uniform and - compared to the underlying circular comb design - the position of at least the radially most protruding tooth tips, the closer the combing bars can be placed to a combing unit holding the textile fibers to be combed and the better the achievable combing result ,

On the outer circumferential side of the circular comb base body, the combing bars are in particular in direct contact with the contact surfaces formed by the external contact strips. For this reason, these contact surfaces are also referred to as combing contact surfaces.

On the inner circumferential side, the contact surfaces are formed by the inner contact strips projecting in particular in the direction of the axis of rotation. The inner contact strips thus represent in particular protruding projections. These inner contact strips form at least within the combing area on the inner circumferential side of the basic comb body the only and / or in particular exclusive contact surfaces for mounting the basic comb body on the shaft. The circular comb base body with these shaft mounting contact surfaces can either be in direct contact with the shaft or only indirectly connected to the shaft by means of at least one additional mounting component arranged in between, such as for example by means of a holding flange or holding body. Apart from the shaft mounting contact surfaces, at least within the combing area there is no further contact between the circular comb base body on the one hand and the shaft or an additional mounting component on the other hand. The tangential spaces between two adjacent inner contact strips are therefore in particular contact-free.

The outer contact strip and the inner contact strip of a pair of strips are preferably located radially opposite one another. The external contact strip has in particular at least one external contact strip sub-area, which corresponds in its tangential position and extent to at least one internal contact strip sub-region of the internal contact strip. These partial areas of the outer and inner contact strips of a pair of strips that overlap each other tangentially lie radially opposite one another.

At least two, in particular two to ten, preferably two to five such pairs of strips are present per combing bar. Within the circular comb base body there are at least two partial areas per combing bar with a continuous (uninterrupted) material connection in particular in the radial direction between the inner and the outer peripheral side. These sub-areas in particular in the radial direction continuous material connection open on the inner and outer peripheral side into the contact surfaces of the circular comb base body formed by the outer contact and inner contact strips to the comb bars or in the direction of the shaft. A radial connection distance to the shaft is thus very precisely defined for each comb bar at at least two tangentially spaced locations. This connection distance is particularly determined by the radial distance between the contact surfaces on the outer and inner contact strips. It can therefore already be set during the manufacture of the circular comb base body by the manufacture of the outer and inner contact strips. Even if, due to one of the production steps, the circular comb base body has an undesirable mechanical twist or tension or its diameter has a tolerance or inaccuracy of, for example, up to ± 2%, this advantageously has no negative influence on the ultimately assembled state of the circular comb for each comb bar resulting radial connection distance to the shaft. Such warping or tensioning as well as diameter tolerances can be compensated for by means of the internal contact strips due to the only area-wise or singular contacting of a mounting surface. This favorable torsion or tension compensation and / or the compensation of diameter tolerances can be achieved, in particular, by applying a suitable tensile stress to the circular comb base body when it is (indirectly or directly) attached to the shaft. Since, during the production of the circular comb base body, in particular no particular attention has to be paid to the avoidance of twists / tensions and / or to the high-precision compliance with the diameter specification, the circular comb base body of the circular comb according to the invention can be produced simply and inexpensively.

Because the outer and inner contact strips are attached to the same component, namely the circular comb base body, the correspondence of the tangential position / extension of the mutually associated outer and inner contact strips of each of the pairs of strips can already be ensured during the production of the circular comb base body become. At this stage, this is associated with comparatively little effort despite the very high positional accuracy that can be achieved. In contrast, there is a higher effort if - which is also possible in principle - the mutually assigned outer and inner contact strips are attached to different components and the correspondence of the tangential position / expansion only at a later stage, e.g. is only ensured during assembly of the circular comb base body on the shaft.

The circular comb according to the invention with the circular comb base body projecting on its inner circumferential side can be easily retrofitted to existing combing machines which are used for connecting the circular comb to the shaft e.g. have a uniformly smooth cylinder (segment) shaped mounting surface. Thus, existing combing machines can also benefit from the advantages of the circular comb according to the invention described above.

In addition, the circular comb according to the invention avoids some of the errors which have so far sometimes occurred during the assembly of conventional circular combs. In conventional circular combs, for example, because of a slightly tilted attachment of the circular comb base body to the mounting surface, undesirable radial gaps between the inner peripheral side of the circular comb base body and the mounting surface are formed, as a result of which the radial position of the tooth tips also shifts. The same can happen if the mounting surface is contaminated, for example, by combing residues. The only singular contact surfaces formed by the internal contact strips and in particular a corresponding preferably tangentially clamped or tensioned fastening of the circular comb base body to the mounting surface in the circular comb according to the invention at least contribute to circumventing or at least considerably reducing the consequences resulting from such mounting errors from the outset become.

Furthermore, the depressions which are present in particular on the inner circumferential side of the circular comb base body and are arranged between the inwardly projecting internal contact strips are accompanied by material savings and thus a reduction in weight of the circular comb base body.

Advantageous embodiments of the circular comb according to the invention result from the features of the claims dependent on claim 1. A configuration is favorable in which there are exactly two pairs of strips per combing bar. This means that each combing bar has a mechanically defined bearing and support towards the shaft.

According to the invention, two pairs of strips designed as edge strip pairs are present for each comb bar, wherein in each of the edge strip pairs a tangential distance from a tangential bolt edge of the respective comb bolt is smaller than a tangential distance between the two edge strip pairs. This results in a mechanically special for each comb stable bearing and support towards the shaft. In addition, the edge strip pairs can in particular also be arranged exactly on the tangential bar edge, ie, directly adjoin the tangential bar edge. According to a further advantageous embodiment, at least in one of the pairs of strips, the outer contact strip and the inner contact strip are each arranged tangentially at the same position and have the same tangential extension. In such preferred pairs of strips, the mutually assigned outer and inner contact strips and also the contact surfaces formed by them on the outer and inner circumferential surface of the circular comb base body lie exactly radially opposite one another, which results in particularly efficient storage and support for the combing bar towards the shaft. There are no contact surface sections that lack a counterpart on the opposite peripheral surface.

According to a further embodiment not according to the invention, there is at least one inner contact strip which is assigned to two outer contact strips and thus also two pairs of strips, the two outer contact strips each abutting different combs. There is therefore a combined, double-acting internal contact strip. Because of this advantageous double assignment, the total number of internal contact strips present on the inner circumferential side of the circular comb base body is reduced. The two external contact strips assigned to such a combined, double-acting internal contact strip can be structurally separated from one another in the tangential direction, in particular structurally, for example by an intermediate recess, or in particular also merge directly into one another.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the projections of the inner contact strips have a radial projection height, measured perpendicular to the axis of rotation, of between 0.25 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 0.5 mm and 2 mm. On the one hand, this height is high enough that any mechanical twists or tensions or diameter tolerances of the circular comb base body during assembly, e.g. can be compensated by a corresponding tensile load, and on the other hand not so high that mechanical instabilities occur. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the projections of the inner contact strips have a radial projection height, measured perpendicular to the axis of rotation, of between 0.25 mm and 35 mm, in particular between 0.5 mm and 25 mm. In this embodiment, the circular comb base body in the assembled state is in particular in direct contact with the shaft and then preferably has a relatively large radial extent in order in particular to meet the requirements for the radial distance of the tooth tips from the axis of rotation. In this respect, the projection height can also have larger values, e.g. assume more than 10 mm and in particular up to a few 10 mm.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the contact surfaces formed by the inner contact strips have a surface area which is designed such that, in the assembled state, a radial surface pressure between the inner circumferential side of the circular comb base body and a mounting surface is at most 25 N / mm ² , and in particular at most 15 N / mm ² . This radial surface pressure is preferably at least 5 N / mm ² in each case.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb base body is equipped with fastening means for fastening it on the shaft and are these fastening means designed and / or in particular contribute to applying a tangential tensile force to the circular comb base body when fastened to the shaft. Such a tangential tensile force also presses the circular comb base body against a mounting surface, so that any mechanical distortions or tension or diameter tolerances of the circular comb base body are compensated for.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the fastening means are at least partially inward as at least one on the inner circumferential side (in particular radially), i.e. towards the axis of rotation, protruding and in particular provided with an undercut pull fastening projection, in particular two pull fastening projections are present, one of which is preferably arranged at one of the two tangential ends of the circular comb base body. Such pull fastening projections allow a simple application of tension to the circular comb base body. The tension fastening projection can preferably be equipped with a contact or contact surface which is oblique to the radial direction, so that the tension applied has both a tangential and a radially inward directional component.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the fastening means are at least partially designed as at least one fastening contact surface, and a surface normal of the fastening contact surface, which is designed in particular as a conical surface, preferably as an inner circumferential surface of a conical bore, extends both with respect to the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation and with respect to the axis of rotation tangential direction inclined or tilted. In particular, the surface normal closes the mounting contact surface with the radial and tangential directions in each case an angle from the open angle range] 0 °; 90 ° [and preferably from the angular range [15 °; 75 °] a. Such an inclined or tilted fastening contact surface allows a simple application of tensile stress to the circular comb base body.

In particular, the fastening means can at least partially also be designed as radially extending through bores in the circular comb base body on at least one of its two tangential end regions, at least some of the through bores each having a bore cross-sectional area in the form of a conical seat that receives a tapered screw head of a tension fastening screw in the shape of a conical seat toward the outer circumferential side has, so that in turn advantageously a tangential tensile force results on the circular crest base body when the tension fixing screws are fitted. In particular, each through-hole has a through-hole longitudinal axis running essentially in the radial direction.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the fastening means are at least partially designed as base body threaded bores for screwing in tension fastening screws, the base body threaded bores starting from a radial boundary surface on at least one of the two tangential ends of the circular comb base body, in particular as blind holes in the circular comb base body extend into it. Such basic body tapped holes allow a simple application of tension to the circular comb basic body.

Another object of the invention is to provide a circular comb unit of the type mentioned at the outset with properties which are improved over the prior art.

To achieve this object, a circular comb unit is specified according to the features of claim 6. This circular comb unit according to the invention comprises a shaft rotatable about an axis of rotation and a circular comb according to the invention fastened to the shaft as described above or one of the preferred embodiments of the circular comb according to the invention also described above, the circular comb unit for fastening the circular comb to the shaft at least one smooth cylindrical segment-shaped arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation Includes mounting surface against which the inner contact strips of the circular comb base body. The smooth (or uniformly) cylindrical segment-shaped mounting surface is in particular free of projections or depressions. It can either be in particular part of the shaft or in particular part of an attachment mechanism which is at least partially placed between the shaft and the circular comb base body. In addition, it is advantageous if the mounting surface in the form of a cylindrical segment has a high concentricity and / or rotational symmetry with respect to the axis of rotation. In particular, the mounting surface fulfills the basic tolerance level IT7 according to the standard DIN ISO 286-1: 1990-11 or according to the successor version EN ISO 286-1: 2010-11. Otherwise, this circular comb unit according to the invention essentially has the same advantages that have already been described above in connection with the circular comb according to the invention and its preferred embodiments.

Further advantages and favorable configurations of this circular comb unit according to the invention result from the features of the claims dependent on claim 6.

An embodiment is favorable in which the fastening means of the circular comb base body interact with fastening countermeans of the circular comb unit in such a way that the circular comb base body is subjected to a tangential tensile force. As a result, the circular comb base body is pressed closely against the smooth and, in particular, dimensionally stable mounting surface in the form of a cylindrical segment. On the other hand, any mechanical twists or tensions or diameter tolerances of the circular comb base body are compensated for in this pressing process. The fastening countermeans can also be, in particular, part of the shaft or, in particular, part of a fastening mechanism which is at least partially placed between the shaft and the circular comb base body.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism which comprises a tie rod which represents a fastening antidote and in particular can be pivoted about a pivot axis and which presses with a particularly adjustable tangential force against the at least one inwardly projecting tensile fastening projection of the circular comb base body. This causes a tangential tensile stress acting on the circular comb base body and the advantageous compensation of twists, tension or diameter tolerances in the circular comb counter body is accomplished in a simple manner.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism which comprises a fastening counter-contact surface which represents a fastening counter-means and which (in particular radially) can be changed against the fastening contact surface, and runs a surface normal of the fastening counter-contact surface which is in particular designed as a cone counter surface, preferably as an outer circumferential surface of a conical screw head inclined or tilted both with respect to the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation and with respect to the direction tangential with respect to the axis of rotation, a tangential tensile force acting on the circular comb base body being adjustable by means of the contact position. In particular, the surface normal of the fastening counter abutment surface with the radial and tangential directions in each case forms an angle from the open angle range] 0 °; 90 ° [and preferably from the angular range [15 °; 75 °] a. The inclined positions of the fastening contact surface and the fastening counter-contact surface are in particular matched to one another. Because of this inclined position, a tangential tensile stress acting on the circular comb base body is also brought about and the advantageous compensation of twists, tension or diameter tolerances is achieved in the circular comb counter body.

In particular, the circular comb unit can also have a fastening mechanism which comprises at least one holding body forming at least the cylindrical segment-shaped mounting surface, which is provided with at least one holding body threaded bore, the holding body threaded bores together with associated tension fastening screws, which are each provided with a conical screw head, fastening countermeasures represent. In particular, the holding body threaded bores preferably extend outside the combing area from the cylindrical segment-shaped mounting surface as blind holes into the holding body. A first part of the holding body threaded bores and a second part of the holding body threaded bores are tangentially spaced apart from one another by a holding body circumferential angular distance. The through bores arranged at the first tangential end region of the circular comb base body and representing countermeasures for fastening are tangentially spaced by a basic body circumferential angular distance from the through bores which are arranged at the other tangential end region of the circular comb base body and also represent countermeans for fastening. In each case one of the tension fastening screws is inserted through one of the through bores of the circular comb base body and screwed into one of the holding body threaded bores, the conical screw head being seated within the conical seat of the through bore. The basic body circumferential angular distance of the through holes of the circular comb basic body in the unassembled state of the circular comb basic body is smaller than the holding body circumferential angular distance of the holding body threaded bore, which, depending on the depth of penetration or screwing in of the tapered screw heads into the conical seat of the associated through bore, results in a tangential tensile stress on the Circular comb base body is exercised and the compensation of twists, tensions or diameter tolerances in the circular comb counter body is effected. In an alternative embodiment, on one of the two tangential end regions of the circular comb base body, instead of the screw fastening with the conical screw heads engaging in conical seats, another fastening of the circular comb base body on the holding body is provided, such as a simple fixed bearing.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism which, outside the combing area, comprises a lag screw anchor block which extends radially outward from the cylindrical segment-shaped mounting surface, the lag screw anchor block having anchor block through-bores for receiving the lag screw. The tension fastening screws are screwed into the associated base body threaded hole of the circular comb base body with a particularly adjustable screwing depth. This, in turn, causes a particularly adjustable tangential tensile stress acting on the circular comb base body and the advantageous compensation of twists, tensions or diameter tolerances in the circular comb counter body. In particular, the attachment by means of the lag screw anchoring block is provided only at a tangential end of the circular comb counter-body. At the other tangential end, the circular comb base body can be attached to the holding body in a conventional manner, e.g. by means of simple fastening screws which are inserted essentially in the radial direction through through holes provided in the circular comb base body and screwed into the holding body, or by means of interlocking fastening projections.

Another object of the invention is to provide a further circular comb unit of the type mentioned at the outset with properties which are improved compared to the prior art.

To achieve this object, a circular comb unit is specified according to the features of claim 8. This circular comb unit according to the invention comprises a shaft rotatable about an axis of rotation, a circular crest fastened to the shaft and at least one mounting surface arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation with an essentially cylindrical segment-shaped basic shape. The circular comb attached to the shaft has a circular comb base body with an outer circumferential side and an inner circumferential side, which is designed as a smooth cylindrical segment-shaped inner circumferential surface arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation, and a plurality of comb bars arranged on the outer circumferential side of the circular comb basic body, which in their entirety form a comb circumferential angle segment cover and define a combing area of the circular comb. On the outer circumferential side of the circular comb base body there are at least two external contact strips per combing bar that extend axially in the direction of the axis of rotation and are tangentially spaced apart with respect to the axis of rotation, which form combing bar contact surfaces against which the respective combing bar rests. The mounting surface has contact projections running axially in the direction of the axis of rotation, projecting radially outwards with respect to the axis of rotation and spaced apart tangentially with respect to the axis of rotation, which at least within the meshing area form the only partial surfaces of the mounting surface with which the mounting surface on the inner peripheral surface of the circular comb base body for direct or indirect connection of the circular comb base body to the shaft. At least some of the external contact strips of the circular comb base body are each assigned either to one of the contact projections of the mounting surface or, if several contact projections of the mounting surface are axially aligned but spaced apart from one another as rows of contact projections, are assigned to one of these contact projection rows of the mounting surface and form the respective external contact strip with the associated one Contact projection or the associated row of contact projections each a pair of strips / projections, the outer contact strip of the circular comb base body and the contact projection of the mounting surface or the contact projection row of the mounting surface of each of the pairs of strips / protrusions overlap at least partially in their tangential extension, and at least two pairs of strips / projections are present per combing bar.

The smooth cylindrical segment-shaped inner peripheral surface of the circular comb base body has in particular no projections or depressions. In this respect, it is in particular a uniform cylindrical segment-shaped surface without interruption or disturbance of the pure cylindrical segment shape. The mounting surface provided for mounting or fastening the circular comb base body on the shaft can in particular be part of the shaft or in particular part of a fastening mechanism which is at least partially placed between the shaft and the circular comb base body. In addition, the mounting surface can be made in several parts and e.g. Assemble from several axially spaced apart areas.

The further circular comb unit according to the invention differs from the circular comb according to the invention described above and the first circular comb unit according to the invention also described above essentially in that the inner circumferential side of the circular comb basic body is designed as a projection and recess-free smooth cylindrical segment-shaped surface and for that on the contact on the inner circumferential side of the circular comb base body certain mounting surface, a structure with projections and recesses is provided. This structure of the mounting surface essentially corresponds to the inner contact strips arranged on the inner circumferential side of the circular comb base body in the above-described circular comb and the above-described first circular comb unit. In this respect, the advantages and modes of operation explained for the circular comb according to the invention described above and for the first circular comb unit according to the invention described above apply accordingly to the further circular comb unit according to the invention.

It also applies to the further circular comb unit according to the invention that the circular comb has a particularly precise and essentially uniform radial position within the entire combing area of all, if this is theoretically provided according to the relevant circular comb construction, tooth tips of the comb teeth of all comb bars or, if the tooth tips according to The relevant circular comb construction should be located at different radial positions, which, viewed across all comb bars, allows the tooth tips of the comb teeth, which are the furthest away from the axis of rotation, to mount all comb bars in the combing machine and in particular on the shaft, if on the outer circumferential side of the basic comb body and on the mounting surface , on which the circular comb base body rests, pairs with contact surfaces, in particular radially opposite one another, which preferably at least partially match tangential positions and / or position areas I have existed. The more precise, uniform and - compared to the underlying circular comb design - the position of at least the radially most protruding tooth tips, the closer the combing bars can be placed to a combing unit holding the textile fibers to be combed and the better the achievable combing result ,

The combing bars are located on the outer circumferential side of the circular comb base body on the contact surfaces formed by the external contact strips again in particular immediately. For this reason, these contact surfaces are also referred to as combing bar contact surfaces.

On the mounting surface, the contact surfaces are formed by the contact projections projecting outwards, in particular away from the axis of rotation. At least within the combing area, these contact projections form the only, and / or in particular exclusive, partial surfaces with which the mounting surface for mounting the circular comb base body rests on the shaft on the inner circumferential side of the circular comb base body. The connection of the circular comb base body to the shaft, which takes place by means of these partial surfaces, can be designed directly or indirectly. With the direct connection, the mounting surface is in particular a direct component of the shaft. With the indirect connection, on the other hand, the mounting surface is in particular a component of at least one additional mounting component arranged between the circular comb base body and the shaft, e.g. a holding flange or holding body. Apart from the partial surfaces of the mounting surface formed by the contact projections, at least within the combing area there is no further contact between the circular comb base body on the one hand and the shaft or an additional mounting component on the other hand. The tangential spaces between two adjacent contact projections are therefore in particular contact-free.

In the case of the further circular comb unit according to the invention, too, the contact surfaces in particular meet the basic tolerance level IT7 according to the standard DIN ISO 286-1: 1990-11 or according to the successor version EN ISO 286-1: 2010-11.

The outer contact strip of the circular comb base body and the contact protrusion of the mounting surface or the row of contact protrusions of the mounting surface of a pair of strips / protrusions preferably lie radially opposite one another. The external contact strip has, in particular, at least one external contact strip section, which corresponds in its tangential position and extent to at least one contact projection section of the contact projection or the row of contact projections. These partial areas of the outer contact strip and the contact protrusion or the contact protrusion row of a pair of strip protrusions overlapping one another tangentially lie radially opposite one another.

At least two, in particular two to ten, preferably two to five such pairs of strips / projections are present per combing bar. Within the circular comb base body there are at least two partial areas per combing bar with a continuous (uninterrupted) material connection in particular in the radial direction between the inner and the outer peripheral side. These partial areas, with a continuous material connection in particular in the radial direction, open out on the inner and outer circumferential sides in contact surfaces of the circular comb base body with the comb bars (formed by the external contact strips) and the mounting surface. A radial connection distance to the shaft is thus very precisely defined for each comb bar at at least two tangentially spaced locations. This connection distance is determined in the assembled state in particular by the radial distance between the contact surfaces on the external contact strips of the circular comb base body and the contact projections of the mounting surface. Even if, due to one of the production steps, the circular comb base body has an undesired mechanical twist or tension or its diameter a tolerance or inaccuracy of should have up to ± 2%, for example, this advantageously has no negative influence on the radial connection distance to the shaft that ultimately results in the assembled state of the circular comb for each comb bolt. Such warping or tensioning as well as diameter tolerances can be compensated for by the contact jumps on the mounting surface due to the only area-wise or singular contacting. This favorable torsion or tension compensation and / or the compensation of diameter tolerances can be achieved, in particular, by applying a suitable tensile stress to the circular comb base body when it is (indirectly or directly) attached to the shaft. Since during the production of the circular comb base body no particular attention has to be paid to the avoidance of twists / tensions and / or to the high-precision adherence to the diameter specification, the circular comb base body of the further circular comb unit according to the invention can also be produced simply and inexpensively.

In addition, the further circular comb unit according to the invention avoids some of the errors which have so far sometimes occurred during the assembly of conventional circular combs. In conventional circular combs, for example, due to a slightly tilted attachment of the circular comb base body to the mounting surface, undesired radial gaps between the inner circumferential side of the circular comb base body and the mounting surface are formed, which also shifts the radial position of the tooth tips. The same can happen if the mounting surface is contaminated, for example, by combing residues. The only singular contact surfaces formed by the contact jumps of the mounting surface and in particular a corresponding preferably tangentially clamped or tensioned fastening of the circular comb base body to the mounting surface in the case of the invention Another circular comb unit at least helps to avoid from the outset or at least significantly reduce the consequences resulting from such assembly errors.

Furthermore, the recesses in particular on the mounting surface, which are arranged between the outwardly projecting contact projections, are accompanied by material savings and thus a weight reduction in the overall arrangement.

Further advantages and favorable configurations of this further circular comb unit according to the invention result from the features of the claims dependent on claim 8.

A configuration is favorable in which there are exactly two pairs of strips / projections per combing bar. This means that each combing bar has a mechanically defined bearing and support towards the shaft.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, two pairs of strips / projections designed as edge pairs are present for each comb bar, wherein for each of the edge pairs a tangential distance from a tangential bar edge of the respective comb bar is in particular smaller than a tangential distance between the two edge pairs. This results in a mechanically particularly stable bearing and support towards the shaft for each comb. In addition, the edge pairs can in particular also be arranged exactly on the tangential ledge edge, that is to say directly adjoin the tangential ledge edge. According to a further advantageous embodiment, at least in one of the pairs of strips / projections, the external contact strips of the circular comb base body and the contact projection of the mounting surface or the contact projection row of the mounting surface are each arranged tangentially at the same position and have the same tangential extension. In such preferred pairs of strips / projections, the mutually assigned external contact strips and contact projections or rows of contact projections and the contact surfaces formed by them on the outer circumferential surface of the circular comb base body or on the mounting surface lie exactly radially opposite one another, as a result of which particularly efficient storage and support for the comb bars Result in a wave. There are no contact surface sections that lack a counterpart on the opposite contact surface.

According to a further embodiment not according to the invention, there is at least one contact projection or at least one row of contact projections on the mounting surface, which is assigned to the two external contact strips of the basic comb body and thus also two pairs of strips / projections, the two external contact strips of the basic comb body each being indicated different combs. There is therefore a combined, double-acting contact projection or a combined, double-acting contact projection row. Because of this advantageous double assignment, the total number of contact projections on the mounting surface is reduced. The two external contact strips assigned to such a combined, double-acting contact projection or to such a combined, double-acting contact projection row can be structurally separated from one another in the tangential direction, for example by an intermediate recess, or can also merge directly into one another.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the contact projections have a radial projection height, measured perpendicular to the axis of rotation, of between 0.25 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 0.5 mm and 2 mm. On the one hand, this height is high enough that any mechanical twists or tensions or diameter tolerances of the circular comb base body during assembly, e.g. can be compensated by a corresponding tensile load, and on the other hand not so high that mechanical instabilities occur.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the contact surfaces formed by the contact jumps have a surface area and a surface distribution that are designed such that a radial surface pressure between the inner peripheral surface of the circular comb base body and the contact jumps of the mounting surface is at most 25 N / mm ² , and in particular at most 15 N / mm ² . This radial surface pressure is preferably at least 5 N / mm ² in each case.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb base body is equipped with fastening means for fastening it to the shaft and these fastening means are designed and / or in particular contribute to the fact that the circular comb base body is fastened tangentially tensioned on the shaft. Such a tangential tensile force also presses the circular comb base body against a mounting surface, so that any mechanical distortions or tension or diameter tolerances of the circular comb base body are compensated for.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the fastening means of the circular comb base body also interact with fastening countermeans of the circular comb unit in such a way that the circular comb base body is subjected to a tangential tensile force. As a result, the circular comb base body is pressed tightly against the mounting surface. On the other hand, any mechanical twists or tensions or diameter tolerances of the circular comb base body are compensated for in this pressing process. The fastening countermeans can also be, in particular, part of the shaft or, in particular, part of a fastening mechanism which is at least partially placed between the shaft and the circular comb base body.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the fastening means are at least partially inward as at least one on the inner circumferential side (in particular radially), i.e. towards the axis of rotation, protruding and in particular provided with an undercut pull fastening projection, in particular two pull fastening projections are present, one of which is preferably arranged at one of the two tangential ends of the circular comb base body. Such pull fastening projections allow a simple application of tension to the circular comb base body. The tension fastening projection can preferably be equipped with a contact or contact surface which is oblique to the radial direction, so that the tension applied has both a tangential and a radially inward directional component.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism which represents a tie rod which represents a fastening antidote and in particular can be pivoted about a pivot axis comprises, which presses with a particularly adjustable tangential force against the at least one inwardly projecting tension fastening projection of the circular comb base body. This causes a tangential tensile stress acting on the circular comb base body and the advantageous compensation of twists, tension or diameter tolerances in the circular comb counter body is accomplished in a simple manner.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the fastening means are at least partially designed as at least one fastening contact surface, and a surface normal of the fastening contact surface, which is designed in particular as a conical surface, preferably as an inner circumferential surface of a conical bore, extends both with respect to the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation and with respect to the axis of rotation tangential direction inclined or tilted. In particular, the surface normal of the fastening contact surface with the radial and the tangential direction in each case closes an angle from the open angle range] 0 °; 90 ° [and preferably from the angular range [15 °; 75 °] a. Such an inclined or tilted fastening contact surface allows a simple application of tensile stress to the circular comb base body.

In particular, the fastening means can at least partially also be designed as radially extending through bores in the circular comb base body on at least one of its two tangential end regions, with at least some of the through bores each having a bore cross-sectional area that widens conically towards the outer circumferential side in the form of a conical seat for receiving a taper screw head of a tension fastening screw has, so that with mounted train fastening screws again advantageously a tangential tensile force results on the circular comb base. In particular, each through-hole has a through-hole longitudinal axis running essentially in the radial direction.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism which comprises a fastening counter-contact surface which represents a fastening counter-means and which (in particular radially) can be changed against the fastening contact surface, and runs a surface normal of the fastening counter-contact surface which is in particular designed as a cone counter surface, preferably as an outer circumferential surface of a conical screw head inclined or tilted both with respect to the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation and with respect to the direction tangential with respect to the axis of rotation, a tangential tensile force acting on the circular comb base body being adjustable by means of the contact position. In particular, the surface normal of the fastening counter abutment surface with the radial and tangential directions in each case forms an angle from the open angle range] 0 °; 90 ° [and preferably from the angular range [15 °; 75 °] a. The inclined positions of the fastening contact surface and the fastening counter-contact surface are in particular matched to one another. Because of this inclined position, a tangential tensile stress acting on the circular comb base body is also brought about and the advantageous compensation of twists, tension or diameter tolerances is achieved in the circular comb counter body.

In particular, this further circular comb unit can also have a fastening mechanism which comprises at least one holding body which forms the cylindrical segment-shaped mounting surface, which is provided with at least one holding body threaded bore, the holding body threaded bores together with associated tension fastening screws, which are each provided with a tapered screw head, representing fastening countermeasures. In particular, the holding body threaded bores preferably extend outside the combing area from the cylindrical segment-shaped mounting surface as blind holes into the holding body. A first part of the holding body threaded bores and a second part of the holding body threaded bores are tangentially spaced apart from one another by a holding body circumferential angular distance. The through bores arranged at the first tangential end region of the circular comb base body and representing countermeasures for fastening are tangentially spaced by a basic body circumferential angular distance from the through bores which are arranged at the other tangential end region of the circular comb base body and also represent countermeans for fastening. In each case one of the tension fastening screws is inserted through one of the through bores of the circular comb base body and screwed into one of the holding body threaded bores, the conical screw head being seated within the conical seat of the through bore. The basic body circumferential angular distance of the through holes of the circular comb basic body in the unassembled state of the circular comb basic body is smaller than the holding body circumferential angular distance of the holding body threaded bore, which, depending on the depth of penetration or screwing in of the tapered screw heads into the conical seat of the associated through bore, results in a tangential tensile stress on the Circular comb base body is exercised and the compensation of twists, tensions or diameter tolerances in the circular comb counter body is effected. In an alternative embodiment, one of the two tangential end regions of the circular comb base body, instead of the screw fastening, engages with the conical seats Tapered screw heads another attachment of the circular comb base body is provided on the holding body, such as a simple fixed bearing.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the fastening means are at least partially designed as base body threaded bores for screwing in tension fastening screws, the base body threaded bores starting from a radial boundary surface on at least one of the two tangential ends of the circular comb base body, in particular as blind holes in the circular comb base body extend into it. Such basic body tapped holes allow a simple application of tension to the circular comb basic body.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circular comb unit has a fastening mechanism which, outside of the combing area, comprises a lag screw anchor block which extends radially outward from the mounting surface, the lag screw anchor block having anchor block through-bores for receiving the lag fastening screws. The tension fastening screws are screwed into the associated base body threaded hole of the circular comb base body with a particularly adjustable screwing depth. This, in turn, causes a particularly adjustable tangential tensile stress acting on the circular comb base body and the advantageous compensation of twists, tensions or diameter tolerances in the circular comb counter body. In particular, the attachment by means of the lag screw anchoring block is provided only at a tangential end of the circular comb counter-body. At the other tangential end For example, the circular comb base body can be attached to the holding body in a conventional manner, for example by means of simple fastening screws which are inserted essentially in the radial direction through through holes provided in the circular comb base body and screwed into the holding body, or by means of interlocking fastening projections.

Fig. 1

ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem mittels Kontaktstreifen an einer Welle befestigten Kreiskamm in einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite,

Fig. 2

die Kreiskammeinheit gemäß Fig. 1 in einem teilmontierten Zustand in einer Seitenansicht parallel zur Drehachse der Welle,

Fig. 3

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt der Draufsicht der Kreiskammeinheit gemäß Fig. 1,

Fig. 4

ein weiteres nicht erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem mittels anders ausgestalteter Kontaktstreifen an einer Welle befestigten Kreiskamm in einer Ausschnittsdarstellung einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite,

Fig. 5

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines bei den Kreiskammeinheiten gemäß Fig. 1 bis 3 sowie gemäß Fig. 4 zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms auf der Welle vorgesehenen Befestigungsmechanismus mit einem Schwenkanker in einer Ausschnittsdarstellung einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite,

Fig. 6

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines bei den Kreiskammeinheiten gemäß Fig. 1 bis 3 sowie gemäß Fig. 4 zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms auf der Welle vorgesehenen Befestigungsmechanismus mit einem Zugschraubenverankerungsblock in einer Ausschnittsdarstellung einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite,

Fig. 7

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines bei den Kreiskammeinheiten gemäß Fig. 1 bis 3 sowie gemäß Fig. 4 zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms auf der Welle vorgesehenen Befestigungsmechanismus mit einer Kegelkopfschraubenmontage in einer Ausschnittsdarstellung einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite,

Fig. 8

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem mittels Kontaktvorsprüngen an einer Welle befestigten Kreiskamm in einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite,

Fig. 9

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt der Draufsicht der Kreiskammeinheit gemäß Fig. 8,

Fig. 10

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem mittels anders ausgestalteter Kontaktvorsprünge an einer Welle befestigten Kreiskamm in einer Ausschnittsdarstellung einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite,

Fig. 11

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem Kreiskamm und einem zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms auf einer (nicht mit dargestellten) Welle vorgesehenen und ein Gegengewicht umfassenden Befestigungsmechanismus in einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite,

Fig. 12

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem Kreiskamm und einem zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms auf einer (nicht mit dargestellten) Welle vorgesehenen und ein integriertes Gegengewicht umfassenden Befestigungsmechanismus in einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite,

Fig. 13

eine toleranzbehaftete Kontur des Kreiskamm-Grundkörpers des Kreiskamms der Kreiskammeinheit gemäß Fig. 12 im noch nicht endgültig montierten Zustand in einer vergrößerten Ausschnittsdarstellung,

Fig. 14

einen Exzenter-Teilmechanismus des Befestigungsmechanismus der Kreiskammeinheit gemäß Fig. 12 in einer vergrößerten Ausschnittsdarstellung, und

Fig. 15

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kreiskammeinheit einer Kämmmaschine mit einem Kreiskamm, einem Abreißsegment und einem zur tangential gespannten Befestigung des Kreiskamms und des Abreißsegments auf einer Welle vorgesehenen Befestigungsmechanismus in einer Draufsicht auf eine axiale Stirnseite.

Further features, advantages and details of the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1

1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit of a combing machine with a circular comb attached to a shaft by means of contact strips in a plan view of an axial end face,

Fig. 2

the circular comb unit according to Fig. 1 in a partially assembled state in a side view parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft,

Fig. 3

an enlarged section of the top view of the circular comb unit according Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4

1 shows another exemplary embodiment of a comb unit of a combing machine with a circular comb attached to a shaft by means of a differently configured contact strip in a cutout view of a top view of an axial end face,

Fig. 5

a first embodiment of a in the comb units according to 1 to 3 as well as according to Fig. 4 for the tangentially tensioned fastening of the circular crest on the shaft provided fastening mechanism with a swivel anchor in a sectional view of a plan view of an axial end face,

Fig. 6

a second embodiment of a in the circular comb units according to 1 to 3 as well as according to Fig. 4 for the tangentially tensioned fastening of the circular crest on the shaft provided fastening mechanism with a lag screw anchoring block in a sectional view of a plan view of an axial end face,

Fig. 7

a third embodiment of a in the comb units according to 1 to 3 as well as according to Fig. 4 for the tangentially tensioned fastening of the circular crest on the shaft provided fastening mechanism with a conical head screw assembly in a sectional view of a plan view of an axial end face,

Fig. 8

4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit of a combing machine with a circular comb attached to a shaft by means of contact projections in a plan view of an axial end face,

Fig. 9

an enlarged section of the top view of the circular comb unit according Fig. 8 .

Fig. 10

4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit of a combing machine with a circular comb attached to a shaft by means of differently configured contact projections in a cutout view of a top view of an axial end face,

Fig. 11

4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit of a combing machine with a circular comb and a fastening mechanism which is provided for tangentially tensioned fastening of the circular comb on a shaft (not shown) and comprises a counterweight in a plan view of an axial end face,

Fig. 12

1 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit of a combing machine with a circular comb and a fastening mechanism which is provided for tangentially tensioned fastening of the circular comb on a shaft (not shown) and which comprises an integrated counterweight, in a plan view of an axial end face,

Fig. 13

a tolerant contour of the circular comb base body of the circular comb according to the circular comb unit Fig. 12 not yet finally assembled state in an enlarged detail view,

Fig. 14

an eccentric part mechanism of the fastening mechanism of the circular comb unit according to Fig. 12 in an enlarged detail view, and

Fig. 15

a further embodiment of a circular comb unit of a combing machine with a circular comb, a tear-off segment and a fastening mechanism provided for tangentially tensioned fastening of the circular comb and the tear-off segment on a shaft in a plan view of an axial end face.

Corresponding parts are in the 1 to 15 provided with the same reference numerals. Details of the exemplary embodiments explained in more detail below can also in themselves represent an invention or be part of an object of the invention.

In 1 to 3 A first exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit 1 of a combing machine for combing textile fibers is shown. The circular comb unit 1 comprises a circular comb 2, a fastening mechanism 3 and a shaft 5 rotatable about an axis of rotation 4. The axis of rotation 4 can in particular also be understood as the central longitudinal axis of the circular comb unit 1. With respect to the axis of rotation 4, a cylinder coordinate system is defined with an axial direction z oriented along the axis of rotation 4, with a direction r oriented in the direction of the distance from the axis of rotation 4 and with a tangential direction ϕ pointing in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation 4. The circular comb 2 is fastened on the rotatable shaft 5 by means of the fastening mechanism 3. The circular crest 2 comprises a circular comb base body 6 with an outer circumferential side 7 and an inner circumferential side 8, as well as several comb bars 9 with comb teeth 10 arranged on the outer circumferential side 7 in the exemplary embodiment shown, which are intended for meshing engagement in the fiber beard of the textile fibers. The combing bars 9 can be constructed differently. In particular, the comb teeth 10 of the combing bar 9 can have different shapes and spacings and can be present in different numbers.

The tooth tips 11 of the comb teeth 10 are at a distance from the axis of rotation 4, referred to as the combing radius KR. In addition, the tooth tips 11 are spaced a tip distance D from a lower edge of a pair of upper pliers 12. The upper pliers 12 together with a lower pliers 13 form a pliers unit 14 of the comber. By means of this pliers unit 14, the fiber beard (not shown) of the textile fibers to be combed is held. The more precise and uniform the tip spacing D is within the entire combing area of the circular comb 2, the closer the tooth tips 11 can be moved to the lower edge of the top pliers 12 and the better and more constant the combing result that can then be achieved. The combing area of the circular comb 2 is defined by the entirety of the combing bars 9. The entirety of the combing bars 9 cover a combing circumferential angle segment KS which forms the active combing region and which, for example, has a value of preferably 78 °, 90 °, 111 °, 137 ° or 180 °, but also other values from the range between 75 ° and 180 ° can accept. The tip distance D is in particular in the range between 0.15 mm and 0.9 mm. In the 1 to 3 The circular comb unit 1 shown and the associated circular comb 2 are distinguished by a particularly exact, uniform and positionally accurate combing radius KR, at least the radially farthest from the axis of rotation 4 Tooth tips 11 of all comb bars 9, so that these tooth tips 11 in the circular comb unit 1 and in the further circular comb units described below can advantageously be placed closer to the pliers unit 14 in particular by up to 0.2 mm compared to conventional circular comb units.

In order to achieve this, the circular comb 2 and in particular its circular comb base body 6 are designed in a special way. The circular comb base body 6 has defined and in particular singular contact surfaces both to the combing bars 9 and to a (here multi-part) mounting surface 15 of the fastening mechanism 3.

The circular comb base 6 has on its outer circumferential side 7 per comb 9 among others. two external contact strips 16 and 17, which extend in the axial direction z and are spaced apart from one another in the tangential direction ϕ. Between the two external contact strips 16 and 17 there is a recess 18 with a radially projecting fastening lug 19. The external contact strips 16 and 17 form combing bar contact surfaces against which the relevant combing bar 9 bears.

On the opposite inner circumferential side 8 of the circular comb base body 6 is also provided with contact strips, namely for each comb 9 with the inner contact strips 20, 21 and 22. These inner contact strips 20-22 also extend axially in the direction of the axis of rotation 4, jump radially inwards, ie in particular in the direction of the axis of rotation 4, and are spaced apart tangentially by depressions 23. The inner contact strips 20-22 are formed by projections on the inner circumferential side 8. They provide the only contact surfaces within the combing area defined by all of the combing bars 9 of the circular comb base body 6 to the mounting surface 15 of the fastening mechanism 3 provided for fastening to the shaft 5. In this respect, these inner contact strips 20-22 form shaft mounting contact surfaces. Since the fastening mechanism 3 is interposed, the inner contact strips 20-22 serve an indirect connection to the shaft 5. In other exemplary embodiments, which are realized without a fastening mechanism 3 or have another fastening mechanism, the inner contact strips 20-22 can also be directly on the shaft 5 and thus form a direct connection with the same. In these alternative exemplary embodiments, the circumferential surface of the shaft 5 then forms the mounting surface on which the circular comb base body bears with its inner circumferential side 8.

As from the enlarged view Fig. 3 can be seen, cavities or gaps are formed in the assembled state between the inner contact strips 20-22 due to the depressions 23, which separate the inner contact strips 20-22 from one another. These spaces are non-contact. In the area of these gaps there is no contact between the circular comb base 6 and the opposite mounting surface 15.

Per combing bar 9 are in the embodiment according to 1 to 3 the two external contact strips 16, 17 are assigned to two of the internal contact strips 20-22, namely the internal contact strips 20, 21. The external contact strip 16 and the associated internal contact strip 20 as well as the external contact strip 17 and the assigned internal contact strip 21 each form a pair of strips 24 and 25, respectively. The external contact strip 16 and the internal contact strip 20 of the pair of strips 24 assigned to it lie opposite one another. They overlap in their respective tangential Expansion at least in part. The same applies to the outer contact strip 17 and the inner contact strip 21 of the second pair of strips 25. In particular, the circular comb base body 6 in the region of the pairs of strips 24, 25 each has a material connection or bridge in the radial direction r between those on the outer circumferential side 7 and on the inner circumferential side 8 provided contact surfaces to the combing bars 9 or to the mounting surface 15. The radial distances d ₁ and d ₂ between these outside and inside contact surfaces of the circular comb base body 6 can be set and manufactured very precisely. This also applies if the circular comb base body 6, as in the exemplary embodiment shown, is designed as an extruded aluminum profile, which is anodized, among other things, for hardening purposes. Thus, the circular comb base body 6 shown is an inexpensive component that, however, also has highly accurate radial spacing dimensions d ₁ , d ₂ with the opposing external contact strips 16, 17 and internal contact strips 20, 21 of the pairs of strips 24, 25. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the spacing dimensions d ₁ , d ₂ each have a value of between 4 mm and 8 mm, in particular between 5 mm and 7 mm and preferably about 6 mm.

The inner contact strips 22 provided in addition to the inner contact strips 20, 21 of the pairs of strips 24, 25 are optional. They provide an additional support function.

The two pairs of strips 24, 25 are each a pair of edge strips, which are each arranged close to a tangential bar edge 26 or 27. The tangential distance ϕ ₁ of the pair of strips 24 from the bar edge 26 and the tangential distance ϕ ₂ from the bar edge 27 are in each case smaller than a tangential distance ϕ ₃ between the two pairs of strips 24, 25.

According to the enlarged section Fig. 4 Another embodiment of a circular comb unit 28 with a circular comb 29 is shown. The circular comb 29 comprises a circular comb base body 30 which is slightly modified compared to the circular comb base body 6 of the circular comb unit 1. Surface areas 31 are provided on the outer circumferential side 7, on which comb bars arranged tangentially one behind the other rest. These uniform surface areas 31 then represent two external contact strips 32, 33, although there is no structural delimitation within the relevant surface area 31 at the border between the adjacent comb bars 9 between the external contact strips 32, 33. In principle, however, such a structural delimitation between the external contact strips 32 and 33 could be provided in another embodiment not shown here.

On the inner circumferential side 8 of the circular comb base body 30, in addition to the internal contact strips 22 already provided in the circular comb base body 6, double-acting internal contact strips 34, which are in turn formed as projections, are arranged. The depressions 23 are located between the inner contact strips 22 and the double-acting inner contact strips 34, as a result of which there is a structural separation. The inner contact strip 34 lies opposite the outer contact strip 33 of one of the combing bars 9 and at the same time the outer contact strip 32 of the adjacent combing bar 9 and is also assigned to these two external contact strips 32, 33. In this respect, each inner contact strip 34 is involved in two pairs of strips 35, 36. With the pairs of strips 35, 36 are again very precise radial distance dimensions d ₃ and d ₄ for the distances formed between the existing on the outer circumferential side 7 and the inner circumferential side 8 of the circular comb base body 30 contact surfaces to the comb bars 9 and to the mounting surface 15.

By means of the circular comb units 1 and 28, the tooth tips 11 can be very uniform, i.e. with essentially the same comb radius KR, and position very precisely.

The following are based on the 5 to 7 and partly also based on the Fig. 2 Various options for the tangentially tensioned fixing of the circular combs 2 and 29 on the shaft 5 are explained.

The illustration according to Fig. 5 corresponds to an enlarged section of the illustration of the circular comb unit 1 according to Fig. 1 , with the components hidden behind a holding body 37 also being shown in dashed lines. These hidden components, like the holding body 37 and the mounting surface 15 partially formed by the holding body 37, are components of the fastening mechanism 3.

The circular comb base body 6 comprises for its fastening on the shaft 5 or for connection to the shaft 5 fastening means, which in the Fig. 5 Embodiment shown as integrally formed on the inner circumferential side 8 on the two tangential base body edges 38 and 39 and protruding inward protruding fastening projections 40 and 41 are formed. The pull fastening projections 40, 41 are undercut and have engagement surfaces 42, 43 tapering obliquely to the position of the deepest undercut.

The fastening mechanism 3 has fastening means which cooperate with the pull fastening projections 40, 41 of the circular comb base body 6 in the assembled state, so that the circular comb base body 6 is subjected to a tangential tensile force. In the in the Fig. 1 . 2 and 5 The exemplary embodiment shown includes these fastening countermeasures on the one hand fixed bearing 44 and on the other pivot bearing 45 Fig. 2 Longitudinal view shown shown, the fastening mechanism 3 in the embodiment shown comprises a total of three identically constructed sub-units 46, 47 and 48, each containing a fixed bearing 44 and a pivot bearing 45. Each of these sub-units 46, 47, 48 has two upper holding bodies 37, which together form the multi-part mounting surface 15, on which the circular comb base body 6 rests with its internal contact strips 20-22 in the manner described above. The holding bodies 37 are designed as holding plates, the narrow side of which forms the mounting surface 15 and has the shape of a cylinder segment. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the plate-shaped holding bodies 37 are designed as aluminum injection-molded or aluminum die-cast components, which results in a low weight. The narrow, cylindrical segment-shaped sides of the holding bodies 37 which form the mounting surface 15 are manufactured precisely and true to size. In addition to the upper holding bodies 37, plate-shaped lower holding bodies 49 are in turn also provided, which are screwed within the respective subunits 46, 47, 48 to the respectively associated upper holding bodies 37. The holding bodies 37 and 49 each have an approximately semicircular cutout which is intended for receiving the shaft 5. A counterweight 50 is arranged on the undersides of the lower holding bodies 49 opposite the holding bodies 37 for mass compensation.

The illustration according to Fig. 2 shows a partially assembled state of the circular comb unit 1. The three sub-units 46-48 of the fastening mechanism 3 shown in the lower part of the figure are covered when completely assembled. This cover is in Fig. 2 omitted in order to better recognize the details of the fastening mechanism 3.

The two upper and lower holding bodies 37 and 49 belonging to one of the sub-units 46-48 are axially spaced from one another, but in particular are each connected to one another. Preferably this connection is in one piece, e.g. by means of a narrow connecting web. The mechanism for connecting the upper and lower holding bodies 37, 49, as well as the components or mechanisms of the fixed bearing 44 and the pivot bearing 45 are accommodated in the intermediate space formed thereby.

The fixed bearing 44 comprises a fastening rod 51, which runs axially between the two upper holding bodies 37 of the relevant sub-units 46-48 and is carried by these two upper holding bodies 37, with a fastening lug 52 which projects laterally on an upper edge and which extends to the oblique engagement surface 42 of the fastening projection 40 has corresponding oblique engagement counter surface 53. In the assembled state, the fastening lug 52 engages in the undercut of the pull fastening projection 40, the engagement surface 42 and the engagement counter surface 53 abutting one another. The oblique course of these two surfaces 42, 53 leads to the fact that the circular comb base body 6 is also pressed more strongly against the mounting surface 15 in the radial direction r as the tangential tensile stress acting on it increases. The same engagement mechanism is present in the swivel bearing 45 on the other tension fastening projection 41 of the circular comb base body 6. The pivot bearing 45 comprises a tie rod 55 which is pivotably mounted about a pivot axis 54 and which has a tie rod nose 56 at its front end with an obliquely engaging mating surface 57. In the assembled state, the mating engagement surface 57 lies against the engagement surface 43 of the pull fastening projection 41. There is also an adjusting screw 58, by means of which the pivot position of the tie rod 57 can be adjusted. The set screw 58 is mounted in a through hole of a rotatably mounted holding shaft 59.

By means of the adjusting screw 58, the force by means of which the tie rod 55 presses against the fastening projection 41 of the circular comb base body 6 can be changed continuously and adjusted according to the desired specifications. As a result, the circular comb base body 6 is subjected to an adjustable tangential tensile stress. One acting on the circular comb base 6 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG Fig. 1 . 2 and 5 the tangential tensile force F ₁ caused by the tie rod 55 is opposed by an oppositely oriented counterforce F _{2 of} equal magnitude and applied by the bearings 44, 45. The tensile force F ₁ acting equally on the circular comb base body 6 at each circumferential position leads to a (slight) expansion of the circular comb base body 6 in the tangential direction ϕ and to a close fitting of the circular comb base body 6 to the mounting surface 15, so that any im In the course of the manufacturing process, unintentional tensions or twists or diameter tolerances of the circular comb base body 6 are compensated for. This compensation is also possible in particular because the circular comb base body 6 does not cover the entire surface, but only singularly by means of that on its inner circumferential side 8 arranged inner contact strips 20-22 abuts the mounting surface 15. On the other hand, at least the two internal contact strips 20, 21 belonging to the pairs of strips 24, 25 are provided as contact surfaces for each comb bar 9, so that the (radial) position of each comb bar 9 and thus all tooth tips 11 is also precisely defined, particularly in the case of a large tensile stress , The tooth tips 11 have a very high positional accuracy compared to the theoretical specifications of the construction documents after the practical implementation, that is to say after assembly on the shaft 5.

The tangential tensile stress or tensile force F ₁ in connection with the close fitting of the circular comb base body 6 to the mounting surface 15 advantageously also leads to a radially inward pressing force acting on the circular comb base body 6, so that in particular also the fastening lug 19 inwards pulled and pressed against a corresponding retaining projection 19a of the comb 9 in question. This force exerted by the fastening lug 19 on the holding projection 19a can preferably be so great that separate other fastening means, such as fastening strips and / or screws, for fastening the combing bars 9 on the circular comb base body 6 can be omitted. This results in assembly and cost advantages. This aspect in itself also represents a separate invention.

In Fig. 6 and 7 other exemplary embodiments are shown for loading a circular comb base body with a corresponding tangential tensile stress.

At the in Fig. 6 Embodiment of a correspondingly modified circular comb unit 60 shown, a circular comb base body 61 is shown with differently designed fastening means. At the tangential base body edge 38, the circular comb base body 61 is also provided with the tension fastening projection 40 which projects inwards on the inner circumferential side 8 and which is part of a fixed bearing 62. In this exemplary embodiment, the corresponding fastening counter means belonging to this fixed bearing 62 of a fastening mechanism 63 provided for attachment to the shaft 5 comprise a holding block 64 which engages in the undercut of the fastening projection 40 and at least one holding screw 65, by means of which the circular comb base body 61 and the holding block 64 are screwed to one another and to a holding body 66 of the fastening mechanism 63. The holding body 66 can in turn be designed as a relatively narrow component, a sufficient thickness being provided for receiving a threaded bore. Alternatively, the holding body 66 can also have a greater extent in the axial direction z, in particular over the entire axial length of the circular comb unit 60.

A tension bearing 67 is placed on the other tangential base body edge 39 of the circular comb base body 61. At least one base body threaded bore 68 is provided on the tangential base body edge 39 and extends from the radial boundary surface on this tangential base body edge 39 as a blind hole in the material of the circular comb base body 61. This at least one base body threaded hole 68 thus represents a fastening means of the circular comb base body 61. As the corresponding fastening countermeasures, the fastening mechanism 63 comprises a lag screw anchor block 69 and at least one provided in the lag screw anchor block 69 Through-hole 70 inserted through fastening screw 71. The tension screw anchoring block 69 extends radially outward from the mounting surface 15 of the holding body 66 outside the combing area. It is attached to the holding body 66 in a suitable manner.

The circular comb base body 61 can be subjected to the desired tangential tensile stress or tensile force F ₁ by screwing the fastening screw 71 more or less far into the base body threaded bore 68.

In Fig. 7 A further exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit 72 with a circular comb base body 73 and a fastening mechanism 74 provided for fastening on the shaft 5 is shown. The fastening mechanism 74 comprises a holding body 75 which is configured similarly to the holding body 66 according to the circular comb unit 60 Fig. 6 , In particular, this holding body 75 has a sufficient axial thickness to accommodate threaded bores 76, 77 for screwing in tension fastening screws 78 and 79, respectively.

In the circular comb base 73 there are through bores 80 and 81 in the area of two tangential base edges 38 and 39, respectively, which expand conically towards the outer circumferential side 7 and at least in this outer region have the shape of a conical seat.

The threaded bores 76 in the holding body 75 are spaced apart from the threaded bores 77 by a holding body circumferential angular distance which, at least in the unassembled state, is greater than a basic body circumferential angular distance by which the basic body in the circular comb 73 existing through bores 80 on the one hand and 81 on the other are spaced apart. The through bores 80 on the one hand and 81 on the two tangential edge regions of the circular comb base body 73 are tangentially closer to one another in the unmounted state than the corresponding threaded bores 76 in the holding body 75 on the one hand and 77 on the other hand.

The circular comb base body 73 is fastened to the mounting surface 15 of the holding body 75 by means of the tension fastening screws 78, 79 which are inserted through the through bores 80, 81 and screwed into the threaded bores 76, 77.

The tension fastening screws 78, 79 each have a conical head 78a, 79a, which in the assembled state is placed in the conical part of the through bores 80, 81. The further the tension fastening screws 78, 79 are screwed into the threaded bores 76, 77, the deeper are the tapered heads 78a, 79a of the tension fastening screws 78, 79 within the conical seats of the through bores 80, 81 and the greater is the tangential tension or tensile force F ₁ , which is thereby exerted on the circular comb base body 73.

The inner circumferential surface of the conical region of the through bores 80, 81 thus form fastening contact surfaces which run obliquely with respect to the radial direction r and also with respect to the tangential direction ϕ. Accordingly, the outer circumferential surfaces of the conical heads 78a, 79a of the tension fastening screws 78, 79 are fastening counter abutment surfaces with an oblique course with respect to the radial direction r and the tangential direction ϕ. These areas thus represent fastening means and fastening countermeasures for applying the tangential tensile force F ₁ to the circular comb base body 73.

In principle, other embodiments are also conceivable for the tangentially tensioned attachment of a circular comb or its circular comb base body to the shaft 5. In particular, combinations of the fastening variants explained above are also possible.

In Fig. 8 and 9 is an embodiment of a further circular comb unit 82 with a circular comb 83 and the already based on the Fig. 1 . 2 and 5 explained fastening mechanism 3 shown. The circular comb 83 has a circular comb base 84.

In contrast to the previously discussed circular comb base bodies 6, 30, 61 and 73, the circular comb base body 84 has no projections on its inner circumferential side 8. Rather, the inner circumferential side 8 is designed as a smooth cylindrical segment-shaped inner circumferential surface 85 concentric with the axis of rotation 4. For this purpose, the mounting surface 86 intended to bear against this cylindrical segment-shaped circumferential surface 85 of the circular comb base 84 has radially outwardly projecting and tangentially spaced contact projections 87, 88, 89. Between each tangentially adjacent one of the contact projections 87-89 there is a recess 89a which also structurally separates the respective tangentially adjacent ones of the contact projections 87-89.

The mounting surface 86 is in turn made of several parts and is formed by the plate-shaped holding body 37. In addition to that from the enlarged detail illustration according to Fig. 9 visible contact tabs 87-89 there are axially spaced at the same tangential positions further corresponding contact projections 87-89 of the other axially spaced and from the illustration according to Fig. 2 visible holding body 37. All axially aligned, spaced-apart contact projections 87 or 88 or 89 thus form rows of contact projections 90 or 91 or 92.

In the assembled state, the contact projections 87-89 of all holding bodies 37 form the only contact surfaces to the inner peripheral surface 85 of the circular comb base body 84.

The external contact strips 16, 17 also provided in the circular comb base body 84 for the engagement of the combing bars 9 are assigned to the row of contact projections 90 and 91, respectively. The external contact strip 16 and the row of contact projections 90 are in turn in the same or at least an overlapping tangential position, as are the external contact strips 17 and the row of contact projections 91. Therefore, essentially the same advantages result with regard to the exact positioning of the tooth tips 11 as above described in the embodiment of the circular comb unit 1. The external contact strips 16 are each assigned to one of the rows of contact projections 90, whereby a pair of strips / projections 93 is formed in each case. Likewise, the external contact strips 17 are each assigned to one of the contact projection rows 91, whereby a pair of strips / projections 94 is formed in each case.

As with the circular comb unit 1, there are also alternative embodiments similar to the circular comb unit 82. According to the in Fig. 10 The exemplary embodiment shown of such an alternative circular comb unit 95 with a circular comb base body 96 are similar to the circular comb unit 28 combined or double-acting contact projections 97 and combined or double-acting contact projection rows 98 formed therefrom are provided on the mounting surface 86. The rows of contact projections 98 each form a pair of strips / projections 99 with one of the outer contact strips 33 of the basic comb body 96 and each pair of strips / projections 100 with one of the outer contact strips 33. The mode of operation and the advantages are referred to in the explanations the circular comb unit 28, which is constructed similarly in this respect.

The mechanisms explained above for the circular comb units 1, 28, 60 and 72 for the tangentially tensioned fastening of the relevant circular comb base body 6, 30, 61 and 73 on or on the shaft can be used in the same way for the circular comb units 82 and 95. In the assembled state, their circular comb base bodies 84 and 96 are also advantageously subjected to a tangential tensile stress, in order to compensate for any possible mechanical twists or tension or diameter tolerances of the circular comb base bodies 84 and 96, and thus a very precise and positionally correct position, at least radially the farthest from the axis of rotation 4 removed tooth tips 11 to ensure all combing bars 9.

In Fig. 11 Another exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit 101 of a combing machine for combing textile fibers is shown. The circular comb unit 101 also comprises a circular comb 102 and a fastening mechanism 103, by means of which the circular comb 102 on the in Fig. 11 is not attached to the illustrated shaft 5 under the action of a tangential tensile stress or tensile force F ₁ . The circular comb 102 is constructed similarly to that of the circular comb unit 60 according to FIG Fig. 6 , This applies in particular to the actual comb bars 9, but also to a circular comb base body 104, on the outer circumferential side 7 of which the comb bars 9 are detachably attached as in the previously described circular comb units 1, 28, 60, 72, 82 and 95. According to the embodiment shown Fig. 11 there are a total of six combing bars 9. On the inner circumferential side 8 of the circular comb base body 104, the three radially inwardly projecting inner contact strips 20, 21 and 22 are again present per combing bar 9, which within the combing area are the only contact surfaces of the circular comb base body 104 with the multi-part and concentric part in this exemplary embodiment as well Form axis of rotation 4 arranged mounting surface 15 of the fastening mechanism 103.

To attach the circular comb base body 104 and thus also the circular comb 102 as a whole to the shaft 5 and to apply the desired tangential tensile force F ₁ to the circular comb base body 104, the circular comb base body 104 has an integrally formed and attached to it on its first tangential base body edge 38 the outer circumferential side 7 outwardly projecting tensile fastening projection 105. In this respect, there is a difference to the circular comb base bodies 6 and 84, in which the tensile fastening projections 40, 41 each project inwards on the inner circumferential side 8. On its second tangential base body edge 39, the circular comb base body 104 is provided with a thread extension 106, which is also formed in one piece and is equipped with the at least one base body threaded bore 68, which, starting from the radial boundary surface, acts as a blind hole in the material of the circular comb base body 104 extends. This at least one base body threaded bore 68, like the outwardly protruding tension fastening projection 105, each represents a fastening means of the Circular comb base body 104, which are designed to apply a tangential tensile force F ₁ to the circular comb base body 104 in the state mounted on the shaft 5. The thread extension 106 of the circular comb base body 104 containing the base body threaded bore 68 is also such a fastening means.

In contrast to the fastening mechanisms 3, 63 and 74 described above, a counterweight 107 is included in the fastening mechanism 103. This counterweight 107, which is designed as a separate component, is in particular a block of material which extends continuously in the axial direction. For fastening to the shaft 5 there are screw connections by means of several shaft fastening screws 108. These screw connections represent a first partial attachment of the counterweight 107 to the shaft 5 Fig. 11 Shaft 5, not shown, has through holes through which these shaft fastening screws 108 are inserted. The counterweight 107 is arranged essentially on the side of the shaft 5 opposite the combing area.

Further components of the fastening mechanism 103 are the (upper) holding bodies 109 which form the mounting surface 15, which essentially correspond to the holding bodies 37, 66 and 75 described above, and two holding clips 110 and 111 designed as hollow profiles. The holding clips 110, 111 are by means of two holding pins 112 pivotally mounted on the counterweight 107, in particular in each case there is only limited pivotability. The retaining clip 110 runs out in a hook shape at the upper end facing away from the attachment point on the counterweight 107, as a result of which a clip nose 113 is formed, which engages in an undercut of the tension fastening projection 105. As above using Fig. 5 described, in this exemplary embodiment there is also an oblique engagement surface 42 on the cable fastening projection 105 due to the undercut, and on the clamp nose 113 there is also a corresponding oblique engagement counter surface 53 which abut one another.

The second retaining clip 111 is designed differently from the first retaining clip 110, in particular at its upper end facing away from the fastening point on the counterweight 107. At this upper end it comprises a cross strut 114 which is provided with through bores 115. Through these through holes 115 are similar to that in FIG Fig. 6 Embodiment of the circular comb unit 60 described inserted through the fastening screws 71 in order to screw them into the base body threaded bore 68 in the threaded extension 106 of the base comb 104. In this respect, the cross strut 114 of the holding clip 111 corresponds to the lag screw anchoring block 69 of the circular comb unit 60 Fig. 6 , The cross strut 114 can also be understood as such a tension screw anchoring block. By screwing the tensile fastening screws 71 into the threaded extension 106 accordingly, the circular comb 102 and in particular the circular comb base 104 thereof are subjected to the desired tangential tensile force F ₁ . At the same time, this connection of the counterweight 107 to the circular comb 102, which is provided via the two holding clamps 110 and 111, results in the counterweight 107 being clamped on the shaft 5. This clamping represents a second partial fastening of the counterweight 107 on the shaft 5. For fastening it on the shaft 5 there are in particular on the one hand screw connections and on the other hand the clamping connection explained. In an alternative, not shown The embodiment is dispensed with the screw connections. There is then in particular only the clamp connection.

The circular comb unit 101 or its fastening mechanism 103 comprises fastening countermeans which cooperate with the fastening means mentioned above in such a way that the desired tensile force is applied to the circular comb base body 104. The fastening countermeans are, in particular, the holding clamp 110 with the clamping lug 113, the holding clamp 111 with the cross strut 114 and the through bores 115 contained therein, and also the tension fastening screws 71.

In Fig. 12 Another embodiment of a circular comb unit 116 of a combing machine for combing textile fibers is shown. The circular comb unit 116 comprises a circular comb 117 and a fastening mechanism 118 for attaching the circular comb 117 to the surface in FIG Fig. 12 likewise not shown with shaft 5. The circular comb 117 contains a circular comb base body 119, on the outer circumferential side 7 of which several (in the exemplary embodiment shown six) comb bars 120 are glued. In this respect, the attachment of the combing bars 120 to the circular comb base body 119 differs from the previously described exemplary embodiments.

Another slide-in is that there is no structured surface contour either on the inner circumferential side 8 of the circular comb base body 119 or on the mounting surface 15 of the fastening mechanism 118. There is therefore a lack of contact strips or contact projections. Instead, the inner circumferential side 8 of the circular comb base body 119 is designed as a purely cylindrical segment-shaped surface. The same applies to the (again multi-part and arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation 4) mounting surface 15. The circular comb base body 119 has the usual manufacturing tolerances in the unassembled state. In order to nevertheless ensure the desired very precise and positionally correct positioning of the tooth tips 11 of all comb locks 120, the circular comb base body 119 is subjected to a particularly high tangential tensile force F ₃ in the assembled state. This tensile force is so high that the circular comb base 119 deforms elastically. The stress loading caused by this tangential tensile force F _{3 of the} circular comb base body 119, which is also designed as an extruded aluminum profile in this exemplary embodiment, is in particular about 50% of the yield strength of the aluminum material used.

In Fig. 13 An enlarged section of the circular comb unit 116 is shown in the not yet fully assembled state, in particular when the circular comb base body 119 has not yet been subjected to tensile force. On the inner circumferential side 8 of the circular comb base body 119 there is a manufacturing inaccuracy, which is shown in a greatly exaggerated manner for clarification and which results in a deviation of the inner circumferential surface of the circular comb base body 119 from the desired exact cylindrical segment-shaped geometry.

The circular comb base body 119 on its inner circumferential side 8 has a cylindrical circumferential inner circumferential surface with an inner radius R _i . Based on an ideal production, this inner radius would be exactly the same everywhere and would assume the inner radius setpoint R _iS everywhere. In practice, however, there are no such ideal conditions. The inner radius R _i is subject to production-related local fluctuations. The actual value of the inner radius R; depends on the tangential and axial Location coordinates ϕ or z. This location dependency can be described by the function expression R _i (ϕ, z). In Fig. 13 are the corresponding local internal radii R _i (ϕ ₁ , z ₀ ), R _i (ϕ ₂ , z ₀ ), R _i for four different tangential positions ϕ ₁ , ϕ ₂ , ϕ ₃ and ϕ ₄ , each with the same axial position z ₀ (ϕ ₃ , z ₀ ) and R _i (ϕ ₄ , z ₀ ) are also entered. These local inner inner radii R _i (ϕ ₁ , z ₀ ), R _i (ϕ ₂ , z ₀ ), R _i (ϕ ₃ , z ₀ ) and R _i (ϕ ₄ , z ₀ ) clearly differ from one another. The reason for this are the manufacturing tolerances mentioned. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the local radius fluctuations lie within ± 0.5% of the internal radius setpoint R _iS . At the tangential position ϕ ₁ , the local inner radius R _i (ϕ ₁ , z ₀ ) is exactly the same as the inner radius setpoint R _iS . At the other tangential positions ϕ ₂ , ϕ ₃ and ϕ ₄ , on the other hand, there are manufacturing-related deviations from the internal radius setpoint R _iS .

These manufacturing inaccuracies have the effect that the circular comb base body 119 does not initially rest against the mounting surface 15 of the fastening mechanism 118 as desired. Due to the application of the high tangential tensile force F ₃ , the circular comb base body 119 is elastically deformed to such an extent that the areas of the inner circumferential surface of the circular comb base body 119 that deviate from the exact cylindrical segment-shaped geometry are pressed against the mounting surface 15 and then there in the final assembly condition. According to the in Fig. 13 with the enlarged triangle of forces entered, the high tangential tensile force F _{3 is divided} into a radial force component F _{res_r} and a tangential force component F _{res_ϕ} . The radial force component F _{res_r} causes the (elastic) contact pressure also on the defective areas of the inner circumferential surface of the circular comb base body 119 on the mounting surface 15.

In the exemplary embodiment of the circular comb unit 116 according to FIG Fig. 12 and 13 a purely cylindrical segment-shaped inner peripheral surface is provided on the inner peripheral side 7 of the circular comb base body 119. However, there are also alternative exemplary embodiments (not shown) in which this inner peripheral surface of the associated circular comb base body has a structured surface contour and is equipped, for example, with contact strips. This structuring then ensures, in particular, that the elastic deformation of the relevant circular comb base body takes place at least for the most part at locations which are predetermined and thus defined due to the construction. This enables the material load to be standardized. In this respect, it is therefore also possible, in particular, for a correspondingly high tangential tensile force F _{3 to be} applied to the respective circular comb base bodies 6, 30, 61, 73 in the previously described circular comb units 1, 28, 60, 72, 82, 95 and 101 , 84, 96 and 104 can also be elastically deformed, at least in the final assembled state, and thereby achieve the very precise and positionally correct position of the tooth tips.

In addition to the high tensile force application, the circular comb unit 116 also has some further differences in the fastening mechanism 118 compared to the circular comb unit 101. The fastening mechanism 118 also comprises a counterweight, the counterweight in the fastening mechanism 118 being designed as an integral part of a combined clamp-counterweight body 121. This clamp-counterweight body 121, like the counterweight 107 of the circular comb unit 101, is fastened in particular in two ways to the shaft 5, namely again preferably by means of screw connections and a clamp connection. The bracket counterweight body 121 is designed as a hollow profile, in particular as an extruded hollow profile, which extends continuously in the axial direction of the circular comb unit 116.

At the first tangential base body edge 38, the circular comb base body 119 is configured essentially the same as the circular comb base body 104. It has an outwardly projecting tension fastening projection 105. Correspondingly, a clip section 122 of the clip counterweight body 121 is equipped on its outer edge with a clip nose 113, which engages in the assembled state on the pull fastening projection 105 of the circular comb base body 119.

On the other hand, on the second tangential base body edge 39 of the circular comb base body 119, another mechanism for fastening the circular comb base body 119 under tension is provided, namely an eccentric mechanism. For this purpose, a plurality of receiving eyelets 123 arranged axially one behind the other are integrally formed on the second tangential base body edge 39 of the circular comb base body 119. Correspondingly, an eccentric section 124 of the clamp counterweight body 121 facing this second tangential counter body edge 39 in the assembled state has a plurality of receiving counter eyelets 125 which are also integrally formed on the clamp counterweight body 121 and are molded axially one behind the other. In the assembled state, the receiving eyelets 123 and the receiving counter-eyelets 125 are interlocked. In the axial direction, one of the receiving eyes 123 of the circular comb base body 119 alternates with one of the receiving counter eyes 125 of the eccentric section 124.

The receiving eyelets 123 each have an eyelet through opening 126, and the receiving counter eyelets 125 each have a counter eyelet through opening 127. According to the in Fig. 14 shown enlarged representation of the in Fig. 12 with XIV marked section, the eyelet through openings 126 and the counter eyelet through openings 127 at least partially overlap. For assembly, an eccentric tensioning rod 128 is inserted through the eyelet through openings 126 and the counter eyelet through openings 127 in its non-tensioning transverse position. The eccentric tensioning rod 128 is brought into its exciting longitudinal position by a corresponding rotary movement about its longitudinal axis, as a result of which the circular comb base body 119 and the bracket counterweight body 121 are moved toward or towards one another, and the degree of overlap of the eyelet through openings 126 and the counter eyelet through openings 127 is enlarged. The circular comb base 119 is subjected to the high tangential tensile force F ₃ . The circular comb base body 119 also has fastening means with the outwardly projecting tension fastening projection 105 and the receiving eyes 123, which are designed to apply the high tangential tensile force F ₃ to the circular comb base body 119 in the state mounted on the shaft 5. Corresponding fastening countermeans interacting with these fastening means are provided for the same purpose. The latter is, in particular, the clamp section 122 with the clamp nose 113, the eccentric section 124 with the receiving counter eyelets 125 and the eccentric tensioning rod 128 which can be rotated and releasably inserted about its longitudinal axis.

To disassemble the circular comb 117, the eccentric tensioning rod 128 is first rotated back into its non-tensioning transverse position, as a result of which the tensile force load in the basic circular comb 119 disappears. The eccentric tie rod 128 can then be easily removed from the eyelet through openings 126 and pull out the counter eyelet through holes 127. After loosening and removing the shaft fastening screws 108, the clamp counterweight body 121 and then also the circular comb 117 can be removed.

In Fig. 15 Another exemplary embodiment of a circular comb unit 129 of a combing machine for combing textile fibers is shown. It comprises the substantially identical circular comb 2 and the likewise essentially identical fastening mechanism 3 of the circular comb unit 1 according to FIG 1 to 5 , On the side of the shaft 5 opposite the combing area, the circular comb unit 129 additionally comprises a tear-off segment 130 with an essentially cylindrical outer tear-off jacket surface 131. The tear-off segment 130 is fastened to the shaft 5 by means of a second fastening mechanism 132. This second fastening mechanism is essentially constructed in the same way as the first fastening mechanism 3 provided for fastening the circular comb 2. The two fastening mechanisms 3 and 132 are screwed to one another in such a way that there is a clamping connection on the shaft 5. If required, an optional additional screw connection to the shaft 5 can be provided.

Due to the structurally identical design of the fastening mechanism 132, the tear-off segment 130 is also fastened to the shaft 5 when a tangential tensile force F _{4 is applied} . As with the circular comb base body 6, in the tear-off segment 130, the tangential tensile force F ₄ caused by the tie rod 55 of the fastening mechanism 132 is opposed by an oppositely oriented, counter-force F _{5 of} equal magnitude and applied by the bearings 44, 45 of the fastening mechanism 132.

The tear-off segment 130 serves in cooperation with an in Fig. 15 schematically shown tear-off roller 133 of the comber for tearing off the combed fiber beard. In this way, a second tear-off roller can be saved. A combing machine working according to this principle, the so-called Heilmann principle, is for example in the WO 2010/012112 A1 described. It was recognized that the fastening mechanism 3 initially provided here in connection with the fastening of the circular comb 2 subjected to tensile force can be used essentially in the same manner and with the same advantages with regard to the positioning accuracy also when fastening the tear-off segment 130.

A small but not significant difference from the circular comb unit 1 is that 37 through openings 134 are present in the holding bodies. The through openings 134 in the holding bodies 37 of the fastening mechanism 3 of the circular comb 2 remain unequipped, whereas in the through openings 134 the holding body 37 of the fastening mechanism 132 of the tear-off segment 130 can be inserted as required Fig. 15 cannot be used with the counterweight shown.

The division of the peripheral area into a zone with a combing function and another zone with a tear-off function can also be carried out differently than with the circular comb unit 129. There are alternative exemplary embodiments of circular comb units with different circumferential divisions, not shown in the figures, which alternative circular comb units are also each intended for use in a combing machine which functions according to the Heilmann principle. In contrast to the circular comb unit 129 with a division of the circumferential area into two has an exemplary embodiment Such an alternative circular comb unit divides the circumferential area into two zones with a combing function and two zones with a tear-off function, the zones alternating functionally when viewed in the circumferential direction. A zone with one function is always followed by a zone with the other function. A zone with a combing function is followed by a zone with a tear-off function and vice versa. The zones each cover a circumferential angle range of approximately 90 °. A comb is arranged in a zone with a combing function and a tear-off segment is arranged in a zone with a tear-off function. In principle, an even finer division of the circumferential area is also possible.

Claims (13)

1. A circular comb for a combing machine for combing textile fibers and for fastening to a shaft (5), which is rotatable about an axis of rotation (4), of the combing machine, comprising

   a) a circular comb main body (6; 30; 61; 73) with an outer circumferential side (7) and an inner circumferential side (8),

   b) multiple combing bars (9) which are arranged on the outer circumferential side (7) of the circular comb main body (6; 30; 61; 73) and which collectively cover a combing circumferential angle segment and define a combing region of the circular comb (2; 29), wherein

   c) at least two outer contact strips (16, 17; 32, 33) per combing bar (9) are provided on the outer circumferential side (7) of the circular comb main body (6; 30; 61; 73), which outer contact strips run axially in the direction of the axis of rotation (4) and are spaced apart from one another tangentially in relation to the axis of rotation (4) and form combing bar contact surfaces against which the respective combing bar (9) bears,

   d) inner contact strips (20, 21, 22; 34) are provided on the inner circumferential side (8) of the circular comb main body (6; 30; 61; 73), which inner contact strips run axially in the direction of the axis of rotation (4), project radially inwardly in relation to the axis of rotation (4), are spaced apart from one another tangentially in relation to the axis of rotation (4) and, at least within the combing region, form the only shaft mounting contact surfaces of the circular comb main body (6; 30; 61; 73) for direct or indirect contact with or connection to the shaft (5), wherein

   e) at least some of the outer contact strips (16, 17; 32, 33) are assigned to in each case one of the inner contact strips (20, 21; 34) and, with the latter, form in each case one strip pair (24, 25; 35, 36), wherein the outer contact strips (16, 17; 32, 33) and the inner contact strips (20, 21; 34) of each of the strip pairs (24, 25; 35, 36) at least partially overlap in terms of their tangential extent, characterized in that in each case at least two strip pairs (24, 25; 35, 36) are provided per combing bar (9), and

   f) in each case two strip pairs (24, 25; 35, 36) in the form of edge strip pairs are provided per combing bar (9), wherein, in each of the edge strip pairs, a tangential spacing (ϕ₁, ϕ₂) of a tangential bar edge (26, 27) of the respective combing bar (9) is smaller than a tangential spacing (ϕ₃) between the two edge strip pairs.
2. The circular comb as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in each case exactly two strip pairs (24, 25; 35 36) are provided per combing bar (9).
3. The circular comb as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, at least in one of the strip pairs (24), the outer contact strip (16) and the inner contact strip (20) are arranged in each case tangentially at the same position and have an equal tangential extent.
4. The circular comb as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projections of the inner contact strips (20, 21; 34) have a radial projection height, measured perpendicular to the axis of rotation (4), of between 0.25 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.
5. The circular comb as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circular comb main body (6; 61; 73) is equipped with fastening means (40, 41; 68; 80, 81) for the fastening of said circular comb main body to the shaft (5), and said fastening means (40, 41; 68; 80, 81) are configured for subjecting the circular comb main body (6; 61; 73), in the state in which it is fastened to the shaft, to a tangential tensile force (F₁).
6. A circular comb unit for a combing machine for combing textile fibers, comprising

   a) a shaft (5) which is rotatable about an axis of rotation (4), and

   b) a circular comb (2; 29) according to one of the preceding claims, which is fastened to the shaft (4),
   wherein,

   c) for the fastening of the circular comb (2; 29) to the shaft (5), the circular comb unit (1; 28; 60; 72) comprises at least one smooth, cylinder-segment-shaped mounting surface (15) which is arranged concentrically with respect to the axis of rotation (4) and against which the inner contact strips (20, 21, 22; 34) of the circular comb main body (6; 30; 61; 73) bear.
7. The circular comb unit as claimed in claim 6 having a circular comb as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the fastening means (40, 41; 68; 80, 81) of the circular comb main body (6; 61; 73) interact with fastening counterpart means (51; 54; 64, 65; 76, 77, 78, 79; 69, 71) of the circular comb unit (1; 60; 72) such that the circular comb main body (6; 61; 73) is acted on with a tangential tensile force (F₁).
8. A circular comb unit for a combing machine for combing textile fibers, comprising:

   a) a shaft (5) which is rotatable about an axis of rotation (4),

   b) a circular comb (83) which is fastened to the shaft (5) and which comprises:

   b1) a circular comb main body (84; 96) with an outer circumferential side (7) and an inner circumferential side (8) which is configured as a smooth, cylinder-segment-shaped inner circumferential surface (85) arranged concentrically with respect to the axis of rotation (4), and

   b2) multiple combing bars (9) which are arranged on the outer circumferential side (7) of the circular comb main body (84; 96) and which collectively cover a combing circumferential angle segment and define a combing region of the circular comb (83),

   c) at least one mounting surface (86) which is arranged concentrically with respect to the axis of rotation (4) and which has a substantially cylinder-segment-shaped basic shape, wherein

   d) at least two outer contact strips (16, 17; 32, 33) per combing bar (9) are provided on the outer circumferential side (7) of the circular comb main body (84; 96), which outer contact strips run axially in the direction of the axis of rotation (4) and are spaced apart from one another tangentially in relation to the axis of rotation (4) and form combing bar contact surfaces against which the respective combing bar (9) bears,

   e) the mounting surface (86) has contact projections (87, 88, 89; 97) which run axially in the direction of the axis of rotation (4) and which project radially outwardly in relation to the axis of rotation (4) and which are spaced apart from one another tangentially in relation to the axis of rotation (4) and which, at least within the combing region, form the only partial surfaces of the mounting surface (86) by way of which the mounting surface (86) bears against the inner circumferential surface (85) of the circular comb main body (84; 96) for the direct or indirect connection of the circular comb main body (84; 96) to the shaft (5) wherein

   f) at least some of the outer contact strips (16, 17; 32, 33) of the circular comb main body (84; 96) are assigned in each case either to one of the contact projections (87, 88; 97) of the mounting surface (86) or, if multiple contact projections (87, 88; 97) of the mounting surface (86) are arranged one behind the other in axial alignment but so as to be spaced apart from one another as contact projection rows (90, 91; 99, 100), to one of said contact projection rows (90, 91; 98) of the mounting surface (86), and the respective outer contact strip (16, 17; 32, 33) together with the associated contact projection (87, 88; 97) or the associated contact projection row (90, 91; 98) form in each case one strip/projection pair (93, 94; 99, 100), wherein the outer contact strips (16, 17; 32, 33) of the circular comb main body (84; 96) and the contact projection (87, 88; 97) of the mounting surface (86) or the contact projection row (90, 91; 98) of the mounting surface (86) of each of the strip/projection pairs (93, 94; 99, 100) at least partially overlap in terms of their tangential extent, and wherein in each case at least two strip/projection pairs (93, 94; 99, 100) are provided per combing bar (9), and

   g) in each case two strip/projection pairs (93, 94; 99, 100) in the form of edge pairs are provided per combing bar (9), wherein, in each of the edge pairs, a tangential spacing of a tangential bar edge of the respective combing bar is smaller than a tangential spacing between the two edge pairs.
9. The circular comb unit as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that in each case exactly two strip/projection pairs (93, 94; 99, 100) are provided per combing bar (9).
10. The circular comb unit as claimed in one of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that, at least in one of the strip/projection pairs (93), the outer contact strip (16) of the circular comb main body (84) and the contact projection (87) of the mounting surface (86) or the contact projection row (90) of the mounting surface (86) are arranged in each case tangentially at the same position and have an equal tangential extent.
11. The circular comb unit as claimed in one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the contact projections (87, 88, 89; 97) have a radial projection height, measured perpendicular to the axis of rotation (4), of between 0.25 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.
12. The circular comb unit as claimed in one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the circular comb main body (84) is equipped with fastening means (40, 41) for the fastening of said circular comb main body to the shaft (5), and said fastening means (40, 41) are configured such that the circular comb main body (84) is fastened in a tangentially clamped manner to the shaft (5).
13. The circular comb unit as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the fastening means (40, 41) of the circular comb main body (84) interact with fastening counterpart means (51; 54) of the circular comb unit (82) such that the circular comb main body (84) is acted on with a tangential tensile force (F₁).

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