Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
  • C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M141/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M141/02 - C10M141/10
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
  • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
  • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
  • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
  • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
  • C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
  • C10M2219/046—Overbased sulfonic acid salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
  • C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/049—Phosphite
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
  • C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/36—Seal compatibility, e.g. with rubber
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/68—Shear stability
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/76—Reduction of noise, shudder, or vibrations
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
  • C10N2040/045—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for continuous variable transmission [CVT]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, especially suitable for use in an automobile transmission. More specifically, it concerns a lubricating oil composition for a non-stage transmission.
• Lubricating oil compositions are widely used in the automotive field for internal combustion engines, automatic transmission, gear oil, etc.
• the demand for low-viscosity lubricating oil compositions has recently increased, in order to achieve fuel efficiency.
• non-stage transmission (CTV) has been replacing stepped automatic transmission and becoming widely used
• metal belt CVT in which a metal belt and a pulley are used for power transmission, has become generally used.
• Patent literature 1 describes a lubricating oil composition which comprises a specific boron-free succinimide compound and a phosphorus compound, and does not comprise a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, which significantly increases the friction coefficient between the metal belt or chain and the pulley, is capable of maintaining a high friction coefficient over a long period of time, and does not cause clogging of the clutch plates.
• JP 2007-126541 A (Patent literature 2) describes a lubricant composition comprising a sulfonate-based detergent, a salicylates-based detergent and a boron-containing succinimide-based additive at specific quantities and specific quantity ratios, which maintains satisfactory torque transmission capacity and transmission properties and excels in its shudder prevention performance.
• JP 2009-215395 A (Patent literature 3) describes a lubricating oil composition comprising specific quantities of a boronated alkylsuccinimide and/or boronated alkenylsuccinimide having a specific weight-average molecular weight, and a metallic detergent having a linear alkyl group, which has a high intermetallic friction coefficient and excellent transmission properties and shudder prevention performance.
• JP 2010-180278 A (Patent literature 4) describes a lubricating oil composition comprising specific quantities of at least one selected from a specific sulfolane derivative, calcium sulfonate and calcium phenate, and a specific viscosity index improver, which has both a high intermetallic friction coefficient and combines fuel efficiency, due to low viscosity, and component durability.
• JP 2000-355695 A (Patent literature 5) describes that by combining at least 4 additives, namely calcium salicylates, phosphorus anti-wear agent, friction conditioner and dispersion-type viscosity index improving agent, as essential components, both a high intermetallic friction coefficient and shudder prevention can be achieved.
• the first purpose of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition, whose intermetallic friction coefficient does not decrease and which has extended shudder prevention lifespan, even if the viscosity thereof is lowered.
• the inventors arrived at the present invention after discovering that the shudder prevention lifespan can be extended without decreasing the intermetallic friction coefficient, even at low viscosity, if two types of succinimide compounds or boronated succinimide compounds having specific weight-average molecular weights are combined as an ashless dispersant and used together with a phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent.
• the present invention is a lubricating oil composition
• a lubricating oil composition comprising
• the inventors discovered that by further specifying the constitutions of the lubricant base oil and the viscosity index improver in the above lubricating oil composition, the shear stability can be improved, in addition to an effect of extending the shudder prevention lifespan without decreasing the intermetallic friction coefficient.
• the present invention also provides a lubricating oil composition
• a lubricating oil composition comprising
• preferable embodiments of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention have at least one of following features (1) to (10).
• the lubricating oil composition preferably comprises, as a part or all of component (A), 5 to 30 percent by weight, based on a total weight of the lubricating oil composition, of a poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 6 to 80 mm 2 /s, and (E) an ether sulfolane compound.
• component (A) a poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 6 to 80 mm 2 /s
• E an ether sulfolane compound.
• synthetic base oil has low affinity to the oil seal rubber called packing or gasket, and the affinity is lower as the base oil has a higher molecular weight, i.e., higher viscosity.
• the affinity is low, the swelling property of the seal rubber decreases, and conversely it is easy to shrink. This causes
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is capable of extending the shudder prevention lifespan without decreasing the intermetallic friction coefficient. This effect can be achieved even when the kinematic viscosity at 100°C of the lubricating oil composition is lowered to about 5.0.
• the present invention can provide a lubricating oil composition having increased shear stability. Furthermore, it ensures that the seal rubber can sufficiently swell.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention can be suitably used especially as a lubricating oil composition for a non-stage transmission.
• the lubricant base oil includes a mineral oil, a synthetic oil or a mixture thereof.
• the lubricating oil composition preferably comprises, as a part or all of the lubricant base oil, 5 to 30 percent by weight, based on a total weight of the lubricating oil composition, of a poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 6 to 80 mm 2 /s.
• the lower limit of the content of the poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer is more preferably 6 percent by weight and still more preferably 8 percent by weight, and the upper limit is more preferably 25 percent by weight, and still more preferably 20 percent by weight. If the content of the above base oil is below the above lower limit, there is a possibility that a satisfactory viscosity index, i.e., a combination of fuel efficiency and protection of the machine elements, cannot be achieved, and if it exceeds the above upper limit, there is a possibility that the shear stability may decrease and the rubber adaptability may deteriorate, i.e., the rubber shrinks.
• the poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 6 to 80 mm 2 /s, preferably 8 to 80 mm 2 /s, more preferably 8 to 60 mm 2 /s, and still more preferably 9 to 40 mm 2 /s. If the kinematic viscosity at 100°C is below the above lower limit, a satisfactory viscosity index, i.e., a combination of fuel efficiency and protection of the machine elements, cannot be achieved, and if the kinematic viscosity at 100°C exceeds the above upper limit, the shear stability decreases and the rubber adaptability deteriorates, i.e., the rubber shrinks.
• the poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer is a (co)polymer or (co)oligomer of ⁇ -olefin.
• Conventional and commonly-known poly- ⁇ -olefins or ⁇ -olefin copolymers may be used as the lubricant base oil, as long as they have the above kinematic viscosity.
• the ⁇ -olefin is selected, for example, from a C2-14, preferably C4-12, linear or branched olefinic hydrocarbons.
• poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer examples include 1-octene oligomer, 1-decene oligomer, ethylene-propylene oligomer, isobutene oligomer, and hydrogenated products thereof.
• the poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer may be manufactured using a metallocene catalyst.
• the weight-average molecular weight of the (co)polymer or (co)oligomer should only be such that the kinematic viscosity at 100°C is within the above range. Its weight-average molecular weight may be, for example, 1,000 to 10,000, preferably 1,100 to 7,000.
• One type of poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer may be used, or two or more types thereof may be used together.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may comprise other lubricant base oils in combination with the above poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer.
• the other lubricant base oils include, but are not limited to, conventional commonly-used mineral oil-based base oils and synthetic base oils other than the above poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer.
• Examples of the mineral oil-based base oil include paraffinic or naphthenic lubricant base oils, obtained by distilling a crude oil at a normal atmospheric pressure and under vacuum to prepare a lubricating oil fraction and subjecting the lubricating oil fraction to a suitable combination of purification treatments such as solvent deasphalting, solvent extraction, hydrogenolysis, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydrorefining, sulfuric acid treatment and clay treatment, and lubricant base oils obtained by isomerizing a wax obtained by solvent dewaxing and dewaxing the isomerized product.
• the kinematic viscosity of the mineral oil-based base oil is preferably, but is not limited to, 1 to 5 mm 2 /s in order to obtain a low-viscosity lubricating oil composition.
• the synthetic base oil examples include isoparaffins, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, monoesters, diesters, polyol esters, polyoxyalkylenglycols, dialkyldiphenyl ethers, polyphenyl ethers, and GTL base oils.
• No particular restrictions are placed on the kinematic viscosity of the synthetic base oil.
• a poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of less than 6 mm 2 /s or more than 80 mm 2 /s can also be used.
• the kinematic viscosity of the synthetic base oil is preferably 1 to 6 mm 2 /s.
• the other base oils used in combination with the poly- ⁇ -olefin or ⁇ -olefin copolymer may be used alone or two or more types thereof may be used together.
• two or more types thereof are used, two or more types of mineral oil-based base oils may be used, two or more types of synthetic base oils may be used, or a combination of a mineral oil-based base oil and a synthetic base oil may be used.
• the use of a single mineral oil-based base oil, the use of two or more types of mineral oil-based base oils, the use of a single synthetic base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of not less than 1 mm 2 /s and less than 6 mm 2 /s, and the use of two or more types of synthetic base oils having a kinematic viscosities at 100°C of not less than 1 mm 2 /s and less than 6 mm 2 /s are preferable.
• the whole lubricant base oil preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 2 to 7 mm 2 /s, more preferably 2.3 to 6 mm 2 /s, and more preferably 2.5 to 5.6 mm 2 /s.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may also comprise conventional commonly-known viscosity index improver.
• the lubricating oil composition preferably comprises a polymethacrylate having a weight-average molecular weight of 15,000 to 40,000 as the viscosity index improver.
• the lower limit of the weight-average molecular weight is preferably 17,000 and more preferably 18,000.
• the upper limit of the weight-average molecular weight is preferably 38,000 and more preferably 36,000. If the weight-average molecular weight is less than the above lower limit, the effect of the viscosity index improver is insufficient, and if the weight-average molecular weight is more than the above upper limit, the effect of viscosity index improvement is achieved, but the shear stability deteriorates.
• the content of the polymethacrylate is preferably, but is not limited to, 0.1 to 20 percent by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 15 percent by weight, and still more preferably 2 to 10 percent by weight, based on the lubricating
• the polymethacrylate may be used alone or two or more types thereof may be used in combination. When two or more types thereof are used in combination, no restrictions are placed on the contents thereof.
• the total content of the polymethacrylate(s) is preferably 0.1 to 20 percent by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 15 percent by weight, and still more preferably 2 to 10 percent by weight, based on the lubricating oil composition.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may also comprise other viscosity index improvers in combination with the polymethacrylate.
• examples of other viscosity index improvers include polymethacrylate having a weight-average molecular weight of less than 15,000, polymethacrylate having a weight-average molecular weight of more than 40,000, polyisobutylene and hydrogenated products thereof, hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride ester copolymer and polyalkylstyrene. If other viscosity index improvers are contained, the content thereof is preferably 0.1 to 15 percent by weight based on the lubricating oil composition.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises, as an ashless dispersant, two types of specific succinimide compounds or boronated succinic acid imide compounds.
• the lubricating oil composition is characterized in that it comprises (C-1) a succinimide compound or a boronated succinimide compound having a weight-average molecular weight of 4,000 to 7,000, preferably 5,000 to 7,000, and (C-2) a succinimide compound or a boronated succinimide compound having a weight-average molecular weight of more than 7,000 and not more than 10,000, preferably 7,100 to 9,600.
• above component (C-1) is referred to as “the 1st succinic acid imide compound” and above component (C-2) is referred to as “the 2nd succinic acid imide compound.”
• a part or all of at least one of component (C-1) and component (C-2) may be a boronated succinimide compound.
• both component (C-1) and component (C-2) may be a boronated succinimide compound.
• the content of component (C) in the composition is preferably 0.5 to 3 percent by weight, more preferably 0.6 to 2.5 percent by weight, and still more preferably 0.9 to 2 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. If its content is less than the above lower limit, the shudder prevention may not be secured. If it is more than the above upper limit, the viscosity may increase at a low temperature.
• the weight ratio of component (C-1) to component (C-2), i.e., (C-2)/(C-1), is preferably, but not limited to, 1 to 10, more preferably 1.5 to 8, and still more preferably 2 to 6.
• the weight ratio of (C-2) exceeds the above upper limit, the quantity of component (C-1) is too small and the shudder prevention is insufficient at low temperatures, e.g., at 40°C, which is evident early in endurance testing.
• the weight ratio of (C-2) is below the above lower limit, the properties at a high temperatures, e.g., at 120°C, is insufficient, which is evident early in endurance testing.
• the 1st and 2nd succinimide compounds of the present invention may be a succinimide compound or boronated succinimide compound known publicly as an ashless dispersant.
• An example of a boronated succinimide compound is a product obtained by modifying (boronating) a succinimide compound containing in its molecule at least one alkyl or alkenyl group with a boron compound such as boric acid or a salt thereof.
• the alkyl or alkenyl group include olefins such as propylene, 1-butene, isobutylene, etc., oligomers thereof, co-oligomers of ethylene and propylene, etc.
• the succinimide compound is a compound obtained by adding succinic anhydride to polyamine.
• succinic anhydride there are monotype succinimide compounds and bis-type succinimide compounds, and either can be used.
• the monotype succinimide compound can be represented by formula (1) below.
• the bis-type succinic acid imide compound can be represented by formula (2) below. wherein R 1 is each independently an alkyl or alkenyl group having 40 to 400 carbon atoms, m is an integer of 1 to 20, and n is an integer of 0 to 20.
• Bis-type succinimide compounds are especially preferable.
• succinic acid imide compounds a monotype succinimide compound and a bis-type succinimide compound can be used in combination, or two or more monotype succinimide compounds may be used in combination, or two or more bis-type succinimide compounds may be used in combination.
• the boronated succinimide compound is a compound obtained by reacting a succinimide compound represented by the above formula with a boron compound.
• a boron compound include boric acid, boric anhydride, an ester of boric acid, boron oxide, boron halide, etc.
• One type of boronated succinimide compound may be used alone, or two or more types thereof may be used in combination.
• each of the 1st and 2nd succinimide compounds may be a boronated succinimide compound. Therefore, the 1st and 2nd succinimide compounds of the present invention may be selected from a single succinimide compound which is not boronated, and two or more thereof, a single boronated succinimide compound, and two or more thereof, and a combination of one or more succinimide compounds which are not boronated and one or more boronated succinimide compounds.
• each of component (C-1) and component (C-2) is preferably, but not limited to, 5 to 100 percent by weight, more preferably 20 to 100 percent by weight, and still more preferably 50 to 100 percent by weight, based on the weight of each of component (C-1) and component (C-2).
• the 1st succinimide compound (C-1) has a weight-average molecular weight of 4,000 to 7,000.
• the weight-average molecular weight is preferably 5,000 to 7,000 and more preferably 5,200 to 6,800. If the molecular weight of the 1st succinimide compound is less than 4,000, the anti-shudder properties deteriorate.
• the weight-average molecular weight of the 1st succinimide compound is measured using an RI (differential refractometry) detector, with a solvent of THF (tetrahydrofuran), a packed column of styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, a set temperature of 40°C, and a set flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and is expressed in polystyrene-converted value.
• RI differential refractometry
• the boron content in component (C-1) is preferably, but not limited to, 0.1 to 3 percent by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 2.5 percent by weight, still more preferably 0.2 to 2 percent by weight and most preferably 0.2 to 1.5 percent by weight, based on the weight of the boronated succinimide compound which is component (C-1).
• the nitrogen content in component (C-1) is preferably, but not limited to, 0.3 to 10 percent by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 percent by weight and still more preferably 0.8 to 2.5 percent by weight, based on the weight of the boronated succinimide compound which is component (C-1).
• the content of the 1st succinimide compound in the lubricating oil composition is preferably, but not limited to, 0.05 to 2 percent by weight, more preferably 0.08 to 1.8 percent by weight and still more preferably 0.1 to 1.5 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. If the content is less than the above lower limit, there is a possibility that sufficient washability may not be secured, and if it is more than the above upper limit, there is a possibility that sludge may be generated.
• the 2nd succinimide compound (C-2) has a weight-average molecular weight of more than 7,000 not more than 10,000.
• the weight-average molecular weight is preferably 7,100 to 9,600 and more preferably 7,500 to 9,200. If the molecular weight of the 2nd succinimide compound is more than 10,000, the low-temperature viscosity deteriorates.
• the weight-average molecular weight of the 2nd succinimide compound is measured using an RI (differential refractometry) detector, with a solvent of THF (tetrahydrofuran), a packed column of styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, a set temperature of 40°C, and a set flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and is expressed in polystyrene-converted value.
• RI differential refractometry
• the boron content in component (C-2) is preferably, but not limited to, 0.1 to 3 percent by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 2.5 percent by weight, still more preferably 0.2 to 2 percent by weight and most preferably 0.2 to 1.5 percent by weight, based on the weight of the boronated succinimide compound which is component (C-2).
• the nitrogen content in component (C-2) is preferably, but not limited to, 0.2 to 5 percent by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 2.5 percent by weight, and still more preferably 0.5 to 2 percent by weight, based on the weight of the boronated succinimide compound which is component (C-2).
• the content of the 2nd succinimide compound in the lubricating oil composition is preferably, but not limited to, 0.05 to 2 percent by weight, more preferably 0.08 to 1.8 percent by weight, and still more preferably 0.1 to 1.5 percent by weight. If the content is less than the above lower limit, sufficient washability may not be secured, and if it is more than the above upper limit, low-temperature viscosity occurs.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may comprise other ashless dispersants in combination with above component (C-1) and above component (C-2).
• a typical example of the other ashless dispersant includes a succinamide compound.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention must comprise a phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent (D).
• the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent means an extreme pressure agent containing phosphorus.
• a conventional commonly-known extreme pressure agent containing phosphorus may be used as the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent.
• the content of the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent in the lubricating oil composition is preferably, but not limited to, 0.01 to 2.5 percent by weight, more preferably 0.02 to 1.5 percent by weight, and still more preferably 0.02 to 1.0 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
• the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent may contain sulfur.
• Phosphorus-sulfur-based extreme pressure agents such as thiophosphate are included in the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent, and are not included in the sulfur-based extreme pressure agent mentioned hereinafter.
• the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent does not include zinc dithiophosphate.
• the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent of the present invention does not contain a metal element.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may comprise a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent in addition to the above phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent.
• a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent means an extreme pressure agent containing sulfur.
• a conventional commonly-known extreme pressure agent containing sulfur may be used as the sulfur-based extreme pressure agent.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention does not comprise zinc dithiophosphate. Therefore, the sulfur-based extreme pressure agent in the present invention does not include zinc dithiophosphate. Especially preferably, the sulfur-based extreme pressure agent in the present invention does not contain a metal element.
• the content of the sulfur-based extreme pressure agent in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is not more than 0.1 percent by weight, preferably not more than 0.08 percent by weight, and more preferably not more than 0.06 percent by weight, based on the lubricating oil composition. If the lubricating oil composition comprises the sulfur-based extreme pressure agent at a quantity of more than the above upper limit, the anti-shudder properties deteriorate.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention does not comprise zinc dithiophosphate.
• the reason for it is that the presence of zinc dithiophosphate in the lubricating oil composition causes the anti-shudder properties of the lubricating oil composition to deteriorate.
• the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent include phosphate, acidic phosphate, phosphite, acidic phosphite, and amine salts thereof, phosphoric acid and phosphorus acid.
• the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent is a combination of at least one selected from phosphate, acidic phosphate, phosphite, acidic phosphite, and amine salts thereof, and at least one selected from phosphoric acid and phosphorus acid.
• a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent may also be contained, and its content should satisfy the conditions described above.
• the phosphate and acidic phosphate are preferably, but not limited to, monoalkyl phosphate, dialkyl phosphate or trialkyl phosphate.
• the phosphite and acidic phosphite are preferably, but not limited to, monoalkyl phosphite and dialkyl phosphite.
• the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent also includes a compound obtained by substituting at least one oxygen atom of a phosphate, phosphite, acidic phosphate and acidic phosphite with a sulfur atom, such as thiophosphate, thiophosphite, acidic thiophosphate, and acidic thiophosphite.
• More specific examples thereof include, but are not limited to, monooctyl phosphate, dioctyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, monooctyl phosphite, dioctyl phosphite, monooctyl thiophosphate, dioctyl thiophosphate, trioctyl thiophosphate, monooctyl thiophosphite, dioctyl thiophosphite, monododecyl phosphate, didodecyl phosphate, tridodecyl phosphate, monododecyl phosphite, didodecyl phosphite, acidic butyl phosphate, acidic hexyl phosphate, acidic octyl phosphate, acidic dodecyl phosphate, acidic butyl phosphite, acidic hexyl
• alkylamine salts and alkenylamine salts of the partial esters among the above compounds may also be appropriately used.
• amine salts of acidic phosphates and amine salts of acidic phosphites may be used, but they are not limited to these compounds.
• More specific examples thereof include amine salts of monooctyl phosphate, amine salts of dioctyl phosphate, amine salts of trioctyl phosphate, amine salts of dioctyl phosphite, amine salts of trioctyl phosphite, amine salts of dioctyl thiophosphate, amine salts of trioctyl thiophosphate, amine salts of tridodecyl thiophosphate, amine salts of didecyl phosphate, amine salts of didecyl phosphite, amine salts of didodecyl phosphate, amine salts of tridodecyl phosphate, amine salts of didodecyl phosphite, amine salts of tridodecyl phosphate, amine salts of didodecyl phosphite, amine salts of
• phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid may be suitably used as phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent other than the above phosphorus-based extreme pressure agents.
• the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent preferably include, but is not limited to, a combination of at least one selected from acidic phosphate, acidic phosphite, phosphate and phosphite and amine salts thereof, and at least one selected from phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid.
• the ratio of phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid is preferably, but not limited to, 0.02 to 0.5 percent by weight based on the total weight of the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent.
• an acidic phosphate and at least one selected from phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid is more preferable.
• the acidic phosphate is preferably at least one selected from acidic butyl phosphate, acidic hexyl phosphate, acidic octyl phosphate and acidic dodecyl phosphate.
• sulfur-based extreme pressure agent examples include sulfurated olefins, sulfurated fats or oils, sulfurated esters and polysulfide.
• Sulfurated olefins are compounds obtained by sulfurating olefins.
• Sulfurated olefins are obtained, for example, by sulfurating olefins such as polyisobutylenes and terpenes, using sulfur or another sulfurating agent.
• Sulfurated fats or oils are reaction products of fats or oils and sulfur.
• they can be obtained by sulfurating animal or vegetable fats or oils such as lard, suet, whale oil, palm oil, coconut oil and rapeseed oil.
• the product of the above reaction is not a single type of material but may be a mixture of several materials. Therefore, its chemical structure is not necessarily clear.
• sulfurated esters include those obtained by reacting an organic acid such as saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, dicarboxylic acids, aromatic carboxylic acids, etc., with an alcohol to prepare an ester compound and sulfurating the ester compound using sulfur or another sulfurating agent.
• an organic acid such as saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, dicarboxylic acids, aromatic carboxylic acids, etc.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention further comprises (E) a metallic detergent and/or (F) an ether sulfolane compound in addition to above components (A) to (D).
• a metallic detergent includes a detergent containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
• a detergent containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal examples thereof include, but are not limited to, sulfonates containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, salicylates containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, and phenates containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
• an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal include, but are not limited to, magnesium, barium, sodium and calcium.
• a sulfonate containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal include, but not are limited to, calcium phenate and magnesium phenate.
• a salicylate containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal include, but not are limited to, calcium salicylates and magnesium salicylates.
• a phenate containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal include, but not are limited to, calcium phenate and magnesium phenate.
• the quantity of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal in the metallic detergent is preferably, but not limited to, 0.1 to 20 percent by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 15 percent by weight, and still more preferably 1.0 to 15 percent by weight.
• the metallic detergent a total base number of preferably, but not limited to, 10 to 500 mgKOH/g, more preferably 50 to 400 mgKOH/g, and still more preferably 150 to 400 mgKOH/g, still more preferably 200 to 400 mgKOH/g, still more preferably 300 to 400 mgKOH/g, most preferably 310 to 400 mgKOH/g.
• the total base number is in the above range, the washability effect is high and sludge generation can be prevented.
• the metallic detergent may be contained in the lubricating oil composition at any ratio.
• the lubricating oil composition comprises a content of preferably 0 to 5 percent by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2 percent by weight, still more preferably 0.2 to 1 percent by weight of a metallic detergent.
• a single metallic detergent may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
• examples of the combination include, but are not limited to, a combination of two or more sulfonate compounds, a combination of two or more salicylate compounds, a combination of two or more phenate compounds, a combination of one or more sulfonate compounds and a salicylate compound, a combination of a sulfonate compound and one or more phenate compounds, and a combination of one or more salicylates compounds and one or more phenate compounds.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention can secure moderate seal rubber swelling properties.
• the ether sulfolane compound is a compound represented by following formula: wherein R is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 16 carbon atoms.
• the content of an ether sulfolane compound in the lubricating oil composition is preferably 0 to 5 percent by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2 percent by weight, and still more preferably 0.2 to 1 percent by weight.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may further comprise additives other than above components (B) to (F).
• additives other than above components (B) to (F) include oiliness agents, anti-wear agents, extreme pressure agents other than phosphorus-based and sulfur-based extreme pressure agents, rust-preventive agents, friction modifiers, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators, pour point depressants, antifoaming agents, coloring agents and package additives for automatic transmission fluid.
• Package additives for lubricating oil containing at least one of the above additives can be added.
• the kinematic viscosity at 100°C of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably, but not limited to, 3 to 10 mm 2 /s, more preferably 3 to 8 mm 2 /s, still more preferably 4 to 7.5 mm 2 /s, and most preferably 4 to 6 mm 2 /s.
• the kinematic viscosity at 100°C of the lubricating oil composition is less than the above lower limit, it may not be possible to secure the friction coefficient.
• it is more than the above upper limit the anti-shudder properties may deteriorate.
• the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably, but not limited to, not less than 150, more preferably not less than 160.
• the upper limit thereof is preferably, but not limited to, 250.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention has not only a sufficiently high intermetallic friction coefficient but also anti-shudder properties.
• the shear stability can also be secured.
• it can secure moderate seal rubber swelling properties.
• a metallic detergent having a total base number of 200 to 400 mgKOH/g, it can favorably secure washability while preventing sludge generation.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention can be suitably used for a non-stage transmission.
• Lubricating oil compositions were prepared by mixing the components shown below at the amounts shown in Table 1 or Table 2.
• KV100 means a kinematic viscosity at 100°C
• VI means a viscosity index
• PMA means polymethacrylate.
• Anti-wear agent friction modifier, antioxidant, antifoaming agent, metal deactivator, and coloring agent.
• Example 1 Example 2
• Example 3 Example 4
• Example 5 Example 6
• Example 7 (A) Mineral oil 1 70.39 70.39 83.08 83.08 Mineral oil 2 34.28 Mineral oil 3 25.13 Mineral oil 4 36.11 Mineral oil 5 45.26 71.82
• Synthetic base oil 1 20.95 20.95 20.95 20.95 Synthetic base oil 2 8.26 Synthetic base oil 3 20.95 Synthetic base oil 4 8.26
• 3.08 3.08 3.08 3.08 3.08 3.08 1.65 C-2
• E Calcium sulfonate 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16
• Comparative Example 5 a commercially available lubricating oil composition for transmission was evaluated.
• Example 1 Example 2
• Example 3 Example 4
• Example 5 Example 6
• Example 7 Base oil KV100 4.0 4.0 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.0 Composition KV100 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.2 5.5 5.5 5.5 VI 163 168 170 168 170 168 151 Shear stability 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Shudder 450 450 450 450 450 450 450 450 Coefficient of friction (Ratio relative to Comparative Example 5) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Swelling properties 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
• Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Base oil KV100 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Composition KV100 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 VI 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 Shear stability 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Spudder 450 450 450 450 450 450 450 450 Coefficient of friction (Ratio relative to Comparative Example 5) 1.00 0.98 0.96 0.95 0.95 1.04 0.95 0.95 Swelling properties 1 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises a combination of two types of succinimide compounds and a phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent, thereby it is capable of extending the shudder prevention lifespan without decreasing the intermetallic friction coefficient, although it has a low kinematic viscosity at 100°C.
• Comparative Example 1 if it does not comprise component (C-2), the anti-shudder properties deteriorate. If it comprises a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent at an amount of more than the upper limit specified by the present invention, the anti-shudder properties deteriorate.
• the swelling property of the seal rubber can be further improved in addition to the above effects.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention can be suitably used as a lubricating oil composition for an automobile transmission, especially for a non-stage transmission.

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• 2016
  • 2016-10-27 JP JP2016210408A patent/JP6962677B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2017
  • 2017-10-27 EP EP17829276.9A patent/EP3533857A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-10-27 SG SG11201903317QA patent/SG11201903317QA/en unknown
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• 2021
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