EP3476486B1 - Dispositif et procédé de broyage de granules en vrac - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de broyage de granules en vrac Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3476486B1
EP3476486B1 EP18202393.7A EP18202393A EP3476486B1 EP 3476486 B1 EP3476486 B1 EP 3476486B1 EP 18202393 A EP18202393 A EP 18202393A EP 3476486 B1 EP3476486 B1 EP 3476486B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
bulk material
circumferential groove
grains
groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18202393.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3476486A1 (fr
Inventor
Simon KÜNZLE
Daniel Rickenbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
Original Assignee
Buehler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Priority to RU2020117719A priority Critical patent/RU2745118C1/ru
Priority to PCT/EP2018/079567 priority patent/WO2019086375A1/fr
Priority to CA3080660A priority patent/CA3080660C/fr
Priority to UAA202003247A priority patent/UA126347C2/uk
Priority to US16/759,936 priority patent/US11213828B2/en
Publication of EP3476486A1 publication Critical patent/EP3476486A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3476486B1 publication Critical patent/EP3476486B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/10—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member
    • B02C4/12—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member in the form of a plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/10—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member
    • B02C4/12—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member in the form of a plate
    • B02C4/16—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member in the form of a plate specially adapted for milling grain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/10—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member
    • B02C4/18—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member in the form of a bar
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/10—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member
    • B02C4/18—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member in the form of a bar
    • B02C4/24—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member in the form of a bar specially adapted for milling grain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C9/00—Other milling methods or mills specially adapted for grain
    • B02C9/02—Cutting or splitting grain

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for comminuting bulk material grains and in particular grain grains and kernels.
  • the invention further relates to a method for comminuting bulk material grains with a device according to the invention.
  • Groats cutting machines are for example from the US 1,744,169 and EP 1 151 797 A1 known. These devices comprise a perforated hollow drum which is horizontally rotatably mounted. The grain to be cut is conveyed into the interior of the rotating hollow drum and falls through the openings of the hollow drum. The cereal grains protruding from the openings are then stripped and cut on knives.
  • a disadvantage of such devices is that not all cereal grains are cut in the first pass.
  • the device for crushing is therefore always followed by at least one separating device (e.g. sifter or trimmer), which does not sort out or cut insufficiently cut grain, which is then returned to the device.
  • at least one separating device e.g. sifter or trimmer
  • the size distribution of the cut cereal grains is very wide and unsatisfactory.
  • cereal grains include both fruits from plants of the sweet grass genus and from so-called pseudo-cereal plants, such as Quinoa and buckwheat meant.
  • Grain kernels are grains of grain that have been peeled / skinned.
  • the device according to the invention for comminuting bulk material grains comprises a first element with a first surface and a first receiving section, a second element with a second surface and a second receiving section and a feed device.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for the comminution of cereal grains and kernels.
  • the first surface and the second surface are arranged parallel and facing each other.
  • the first surface and the second surface preferably touch.
  • the first element and the second element can also be moved back and forth relative to one another between a first position and a second position.
  • the direction of movement i.e. the motion vector of the first element and the second element lies in the plane of the first surface and the second surface.
  • the first receiving section and the second receiving section are connected to one another via a passage and thereby form a receptacle in which a bulk material grain can be positioned via the feed device.
  • the cross section of the passage lies in a plane parallel to the first surface and the second surface.
  • the virtual area of the passage (since it is not a physical area) is reduced when the first element and the second element are moved.
  • the feed device can be a simple opening which allows the bulk material grain to be positioned in the receptacle.
  • the first receiving section and the second receiving section are designed as a depression, in particular as a groove.
  • the receiving section is defined by the depression or groove and an enveloping surface of the first or second element.
  • the enveloping surface comprises the imaginary continuation of the first or second surface in the region of the depression or groove.
  • first receiving section and / or the second receiving section can be designed as a through hole.
  • the openings of the receiving sections on the first surface and the second surface are arranged one above the other in the first position, so that a passage is formed between the first receiving section and the second receiving section.
  • the openings of the receiving sections on the first surface and the second surface are preferably of identical design, so that these are aligned.
  • a cross section of the passage corresponds to a cross section of the opening of the receiving portion on the first and second surfaces.
  • first element and the second element can also comprise a plurality of first receiving sections and second receiving sections, each of which forms a corresponding plurality of receptacles.
  • only one receiving section is designed as a through hole and the other receiving section is designed as a depression or groove.
  • the first element is designed as a rotor rotatably mounted about a rotor axis with a cylindrical circumferential surface, the first receiving section being an at least partially formed circumferential groove.
  • the rotor has an axial groove that crosses the circumferential groove.
  • the first surface is designed as a side wall of the axial groove.
  • the second element is designed as a shear bar, arranged in the axial groove and movably mounted to and fro along the axial groove, the second receiving section being a recess in the shear bar.
  • the cutout of the shear bar is preferably designed as a continuation of the circumferential groove of the rotor when the shear bar and rotor are in the first position.
  • partially formed circumferential groove it is meant that the circumferential groove does not necessarily have to extend over the entire circumference of the rotor, but can only be formed in sections on the circumferential surface.
  • the circumferential groove can have an annular or a helical shape.
  • axial groove it is meant that the groove is parallel to the rotor axis.
  • the axial groove can be formed by a material recess in the rotor surface. It is also conceivable that strips on a rotor surface are spaced apart and aligned parallel to the rotor axis, so that a groove is formed between the strips.
  • the rotor When the device is operated, the rotor is rotated about the rotor axis. Bulk grains are fed to the circulation groove and the recess via the feed device.
  • the device preferably further comprises a housing with a housing wall which coaxially surrounds the rotor at least in sections and has at least one feed opening and at least one outlet opening for the bulk material grains.
  • the feed device comprises the feed opening.
  • the feed is preferably carried out through a feed opening in the housing wall, which extends along an axial direction, preferably over the entire height, of the rotor.
  • the housing wall preferably has at least one movable housing wall section.
  • the movable housing wall section is arranged such that, viewed radially with respect to the rotor axis, the movable housing wall section overlaps the first receiving section and the second receiving section.
  • a corresponding number of movable housing wall sections is preferably provided, which are arranged adjacent in the axial direction. If the rotor has a plurality of shear bars, are preferably in the circumferential direction of the rotor also several housing wall sections arranged side by side.
  • the movable housing wall section can be designed, for example, as a hinged flap.
  • the housing wall section is preferably designed and mounted in such a way that an essentially translatory movement in the radial direction is made possible.
  • the movable housing wall section is preferably biased in the direction of the rotor, in particular biased in the radial direction of the rotor.
  • the prestressing can take place using an elastic element and is preferably implemented with a spring element, the spring prestressing force of which is preferably adjustable. By adjusting the spring prestressing force, the movable housing wall section can be adapted to the bulk material grains to be comminuted, so that only foreign bodies cause a displacement of the housing wall section.
  • the at least one movable housing wall section preferably interacts with a motion sensor for determining a movement of the movable housing wall section.
  • the movement sensor can thus determine the movement of the movable housing wall section and consequently the presence of a foreign body can be recognized. Thereupon can be provided, for example be that the device for protecting the rotor is stopped or that the bulk material grains are sorted out due to the foreign matter contained.
  • the motion sensor preferably comprises a flexible line and a process sensor, in particular a pressure or level sensor.
  • the flexible line is filled with a fluid, preferably with a liquid, and is arranged radially further from the rotor axis with respect to the rotor axis than the movable housing wall section.
  • the flexible line is arranged in the housing in such a way that a movement of the movable housing wall section causes an elastic deformation of the line, which in turn causes a change in pressure or level in the flexible line.
  • the process sensor enables the determination of a change in pressure or level in the line, which is attributable to the movement of the movable housing wall section.
  • the line is particularly preferably arranged essentially parallel to the rotor axis and is filled with a liquid, wherein a change in the liquid level in the line can be determined by means of a capacitive sensor.
  • the change in the liquid level can take place by directly determining the liquid level or by determining the displacement of a floating body in the line.
  • the feed opening is provided with a braking device which slows down the bulk material grain supply and supports the inclusion of the bulk material grains in the receptacle.
  • This braking device is preferably designed as a grid which is attached to the feed opening.
  • a storage chamber on the side facing away from the rotor is also provided. The bulk grains accumulate in the storage chamber and thus reach the rotor through the grid with a correspondingly large perforation, line up in the circumferential groove and are carried along by the rotation of the rotor.
  • the rotor axis is preferably arranged vertically.
  • the circumferential groove is preferably designed such that the comminuted bulk material grains can leave the circumferential groove, e.g. by gravity.
  • a finger attached to the housing can be formed, which protrudes into the circumferential groove and supports the leaving of the circumferential groove. It goes without saying that in the case of a rotor with a plurality of circumferential grooves, a type of comb with a corresponding number of fingers can be arranged on the housing.
  • the circumferential groove is preferably a circumferential groove. This means that with the shear bar in the first position, a circumferential groove is formed from the circumferential groove and the recess.
  • the axial groove preferably extends over the entire height of the rotor.
  • the circumferential groove and the recess preferably have a trapezoidal profile in the radial section through the rotor.
  • the profile of an isosceles trapezoid is preferred.
  • the base of the trapezoid is open and matches the circumferential surface of the rotor.
  • the other, shorter base side thus extends essentially parallel to the peripheral surface of the rotor.
  • This preferred embodiment of the circumferential groove ensures that the bulk material grains can leave the circumferential groove independently. In addition, damage to the rotor and / or the shear bar is largely avoided if solid objects such as Stones are present.
  • the profile of the circumferential groove ensures that solids, which due to their hardness cannot be crushed and could damage the device, are pushed outwards by the legs of the circumferential groove and the recess with respect to a rotor axis, without the rotor and / or damage the shear bar, especially if a movable housing wall section is provided.
  • Openings are then preferably formed in the housing, which enable foreign bodies to be removed from the device.
  • the movable housing wall section is preferably spring-biased in the direction of the rotor.
  • the spring force of the preload is selected such that when foreign bodies are moved out of the circumferential groove and / or the recess through the profile thereof, the foreign body against the movable housing wall section is pressed and displaced, so that an opening is released through which the foreign body can leave the device.
  • the bulk grains be fed to the device without foreign bodies, e.g. through an upstream cleaning, which can be done mechanically, optically, magnetically etc.
  • a torque determination of a drive of the rotor can also be used in order to identify an increased load.
  • a shear pin can also be provided in order to be able to separate the rotor from the drive if foreign bodies which cannot be comminuted get into the circulation groove.
  • the load on the shear bar can also be monitored or the shear bar can be secured with a shear pin / predetermined breaking point, which separates the shear bar from a shear bar drive when overloaded.
  • the bulk grains can also be analyzed at the feed opening to identify foreign bodies and to take the necessary steps.
  • the rotor preferably has a plurality of circumferential grooves, which are in particular equally spaced from one another.
  • the shaving strip comprises a plurality of cutouts, each cutout being assigned to a first circumferential groove in the first position.
  • the bulk material grains, which are located in the circumferential grooves, can thus be comminuted at the same time with a single shear bar. It is also advantageous that only one actuator has to be present for the shear bar.
  • a recess assigned in the first position to a first circumferential groove is preferably assigned to a second circumferential groove in the second position, the second circumferential groove preferably being arranged adjacent to the first circumferential groove.
  • the recess which in the first position has formed a continuous channel with the first circulation groove assigned to it, forms a continuous channel with another, second circulation groove, in which the bulk material grains can be reduced.
  • the second circumferential groove is preferably arranged adjacent to the first circumferential groove. Bulk material grains can thus be crushed when moving the shear bar from the first position to the second position and removed from the circulation groove or recess, whereby bulk material grains can also be comminuted during the movement from the second position to the first position, in particular if the device has several Inlet and outlet openings, which are arranged circumferentially of the rotor, is equipped.
  • the shear bar does not necessarily have to be moved from the first position to the second position and then back to the first position per comminution cycle.
  • a movement from the first position to the second position (and analog from the second position to the first position), several comminution cycles can thus be carried out, depending on the number of circulation grooves arranged between the first and the second circulation groove.
  • the rotor preferably comprises a plurality of shear strips, which are each arranged in an axial groove.
  • the shear bars are in particular arranged at the same distance from one another on the peripheral surface of the rotor.
  • the shear bars are preferably spaced from 1 to 10 mm apart.
  • the shaving strips are preferably also between 1 and 10 mm wide.
  • the width of the shaving bars is equal to the distance between the adjacent shaving bars, so that a uniform size reduction - i.e. a narrow particle size distribution - is achieved.
  • the circumferential groove preferably has a width between 1 and 10 mm and / or a depth between 1 and 10 mm.
  • the rotor preferably has an outside diameter between 200 and 600 mm.
  • the housing wall which at least partially surrounds the rotor, is preferably arranged at a distance of between 0 and 5 mm from the peripheral surface of the rotor.
  • the housing wall thus serves as a termination of the circumferential groove, so that the bulk material grains arranged in the circumferential groove remain in the circumferential groove when the shear bar is moved.
  • the housing wall or parts thereof can be described with openings for the removal of foreign bodies and / or with movable and possibly spring-biased housing wall sections for.
  • the rotor can preferably be driven at a speed of between 5 and 100 revolutions / min.
  • the shear bar is preferably displaceable by means of a cam mechanism.
  • a cam mechanism is a very simple variant for forming an actuator for the shear bar.
  • shear bar can also be driven differently, e.g. by means of mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic actuators.
  • the cam mechanism comprises at least one control cam, which is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner with respect to a direction of rotation of the rotor at an axial end of the rotor.
  • the control curve is preferably a control wheel which is rotatably mounted about an axis.
  • the control curve is arranged in such a way that an axial end of the shear strip (s) touches the control curve and is moved axially when the rotor rotates.
  • the axial end of the shaving bar which cooperates with the control cam, preferably comprises a plunger which is axially guided in a guide bore of the rotor.
  • the stamp preferably interacts with an elastic element, in particular a spring element, or is already pretensioned in the axial direction. This ensures that the movement between the first position and the second position is effected in one direction only by the control curve, the shear strip being moved back in the opposite direction by the elastic element.
  • control disks can be provided on both axial ends of the rotor, which control the movement of the shear bar between the first position and the second position.
  • a plurality of adjacent shaving strips are assigned to a stamp, so that the cutting strips can be moved in groups between the first position and the second position.
  • This preferred drive arrangement allows large forces to be exerted on the shaving strips, which are necessary for crushing the bulk material grains.
  • such a drive arrangement is very robust, simple in construction and low in wear.
  • the cam mechanism preferably comprises a circumferential groove in which a projection of the shear bar is arranged.
  • the circumferential groove serves as a guide for the projection of the shear bar and is designed such that the shear bar is moved back and forth between the first position and the second position when the rotor is rotated.
  • the invention further relates to a method for comminuting bulk material grains with a device according to the invention, in which method the product is not returned.
  • the product is thus fed to a subsequent process step or stored.
  • a device as described above it is possible with a device as described above to process the comminuted bulk material grains directly, i.e. without a separation step, without that a product return takes place on the same device or on an analog device.
  • the dimensions of the first receiving section and the second receiving section it is possible, by selecting the dimensions of the first receiving section and the second receiving section, to define the maximum particle size of the comminuted bulk material grains.
  • the distance perpendicular to the first or second surface between the plane of the passage and a delimitation of the first or second receiving section determines the maximum grain size that can be achieved with the device.
  • the maximum grain size corresponds exactly to the width of the shear bar.
  • the device 1 comprises a first element 2 and a second element 5, each with a through hole, which form a first and a second receiving section 4 or 7 for a bulk material K.
  • the receiving sections 4 and 7 thus form a receptacle for the bulk grain K.
  • the through hole 7 is shown in dashed lines since it is covered by the first element 2.
  • the first and second elements 2 and 5 also each have a flat surface 3 or 6, which are arranged parallel to one another.
  • the through holes 4 and 7 are aligned.
  • a passage 9 connects the first through hole 4 and the second through hole 7.
  • the first element 2 and the second element 5 are moved back and forth between the first position P1 and a second position P2, not shown, by means of a drive.
  • the direction of movement M lies in the plane of the first surface 3 or second surface 6.
  • the receiving sections 4 and 7 are formed as a depression of the respective element 2 and 5, respectively.
  • the device 1 comprises a housing 11 which has a feed opening 8 and an outlet opening 12 for the bulk material grains K.
  • the housing 11 is opened so that the internal structure of the device 1 can be seen.
  • the device 1 comprises a rotor 21 with a cylindrical peripheral surface, which in the Figures 5A and 5B is shown schematically.
  • the rotor 21 is rotatably supported about a rotor axis A by means of bearings 13.
  • a motor unit 14 comprising a motor and a gear serves as a rotor drive.
  • the rotor 21 is shown schematically.
  • the rotor 21 has on its circumferential surface a plurality of circumferential circumferential grooves 41, 41 ', only two of which are shown, which are designed to receive the bulk material grains K.
  • Each circumferential groove 41, 41 ' has a width B and a depth T extending in the radial direction of the rotor 21 (which in FIG Figure 7A will be shown).
  • the rotor 21 also has a plurality of shear bars 51, 51 ', of which only the shear bar 51 in the Figures 5A and 5B is shown.
  • the shear bar 51 is arranged in an axial groove 10 of the rotor 21 and can be displaced along a direction of movement M.
  • the axial groove 10 crosses the circumferential groove 41 (and 41 ').
  • the rotor thus has a plurality of axial grooves, in which Figures 5A and 5B only one axial groove 10 is shown for the sake of simplicity.
  • the first receiving section is designed as a circumferential groove 41, and the first surface 3 corresponds to a side wall 31 of the axial groove 10.
  • the shear bar 51 thus corresponds to the second element 5, the second receiving section 7 being designed as a recess 71 in the shear bar 51.
  • the circumferential groove 41 and recess 71 have an identical cross section in radial section through the rotor 21 and are in the first Position P1 of the Figure 5A aligned.
  • the bulk material grains K are fed via the feed opening 8 to the rotating rotor 21, where they enter the circumferential grooves 41, 41 'and are carried along by the rotation of the rotor 21.
  • One end of the shear bars 51, 51 ' cooperates with a cam 15, which is arranged at an end face of the rotor 21.
  • the shear bars 51, 51 ' are thus between a first position P1 (which in the Figure 5A is shown) and a second, not shown position P2 moved back and forth.
  • the associated reduction in the cross section of a transition 9 between the respective Circumferential groove 41, 41 'and the recess 71, 71' of the shear bar 51 in the region of the intersection between the circumferential grooves 41, 41 'and axial grooves 10, 10' has the consequence that the bulk material grains K are crushed.
  • the shredding is in the Figure 5B shown. If the width B of the circumferential groove 41, 41 'corresponds to the width of the shear bar 51, it can thus be ensured that the size distribution of the comminuted bulk material grains K corresponds to a maximum of B.
  • FIG. 6 a detail of the feed and discharge device of the device 1 is shown separately.
  • the inlet 8 and outlet opening 12 are connected via a line to corresponding inlet openings 80 and outlet openings 120 of a housing wall 16.
  • inlet openings 80 or outlet openings 120 are arranged circumferentially of the rotor 21, wherein in the Figure 6 only one entrance opening 80 and one exit opening 120 are shown.
  • the entrance opening 80 is provided with a grid 17.
  • a storage container 18 Arranged on the side facing away from the rotor 21 is a storage container 18 which is filled with bulk material grains when the device 1 is operated, so that it can be ensured that bulk material grains can be fed to the rotor 21 over the entire height.
  • the grid 17 supports the formation of a bulk material column in the storage container 18 and ensures that not too many bulk materials reach the rotor 21, which could lead to faults in the device 1.
  • an outlet opening 120 is arranged downstream of the inlet opening 80.
  • a comb device 19 is attached to the housing wall 16.
  • the comb device 19 has a plurality of fingers 20, which are each assigned to a circumferential groove 41, 41 'of the device. The fingers 20 protrude into the respective circumferential groove 41, 41 'and have the effect that the comminuted bulk material grains are removed from the circumferential groove 41, 41' and can leave the device 1 through the outlet opening 120 for further processing.
  • the function of the cam plate 15 as a possible drive of the shear bars 51, 51 ' is shown schematically.
  • the shear bar 51 is shown in simplified form with only one recess 71.
  • the cam disc 15 comprises a circumferential groove 22 which is formed facing the rotor axis A.
  • a projection 23 is formed, which is received in the circumferential groove 22.
  • the circumferential groove 22 is designed such that the shear bar 51 axially rotates between the first position P1 of the Figure 7A and a second position P2 is moved.
  • FIG. 8A and 8B Another embodiment of the drive of the shear bars 51, 51 'is shown.
  • the scraper bars 51, 51 'etc. are connected to a holder 29 in a tensile and compressive manner.
  • the holder 29 is in turn connected to a stamp 27 in a tensile and compressive manner.
  • the punches 27 and 27 'etc. (of which only two are provided with a reference symbol for the sake of clarity) are guided axially in an associated guide bore 30 or 30' of the rotor 21 with respect to the axis of rotation A of the rotor 21.
  • a spiral spring 28 surrounds the respective stamp 27, 27 'etc. and is supported at one end on the rotor 21 and at the other end on the respective stamp 27.
  • control cams 26 are arranged, of which only one is in the Figures 8A and 8B are visible.
  • the control cam 26 is mounted in a rotationally fixed manner with respect to a direction of rotation of the rotor 21, so that it does not remain stationary when the rotor 21 is rotating, is designed as a circular control wheel and is freely rotatable about the axis Z — ie without a drive.
  • the movement of the plunger 27 moves the shear bars 51, 51 'etc. from the first position P1 to the second position P2.
  • the punch 27 is moved against a spring force of the spiral spring 28.
  • the coil spring 28 is thus compressed.
  • the stamp 27 is pressed upward by the spring force of the spiral spring 28.
  • the ram 27 is moved upward again in the course of the lateral surface 33 until the holder 29 experiences a stop against a stop surface of the rotor 21.
  • the shear bars 51, 51 'etc. thus return from the second position P2 to the starting position, which corresponds to the first position P1.
  • a plurality of control cams 26 are provided which drive the shear bars 51, 51 'etc. between the respective input opening 80 and output opening 120.
  • the housing wall 16 comprises a plurality of housing wall segments 24, which are each assigned to a circumferential groove 41 of the rotor 21 and are arranged next to one another in the axial direction of the rotor 21.
  • housing wall section 24 is provided with a reference symbol.
  • Each housing wall section 24 is biased in the direction of the rotor 21 by a spiral spring 34.
  • the trapezoidal profile of the circumferential groove 41 and the recess 71 causes the bulk material grains K to be pressed against the housing wall 16 when the shear bar 51 is moved.
  • the biasing force of the spiral spring 34 is selected such that the housing wall sections 24 are not displaced when the shear bar 51 is moved.
  • a foreign body which is hard and therefore cannot be shredded by the device 1
  • gets into the circumferential groove 41 and the recess 71 the trapezoidal profile causes the foreign body against the associated one Housing wall section 24 is pressed and moves it in the radial direction of the rotor 21 to the outside. This largely prevents damage to the rotor 21 and in particular the circumferential groove 41 or the recess 71 in the shear bar 51.
  • the housing wall 16 comprises a plurality of movable housing wall sections 24, which are analogous to the housing wall sections 24 Figure 9 are trained.
  • the device 1 additionally comprises a motion sensor 25.
  • the motion sensor 25 comprises a flexible line 35, which is arranged radially with respect to the axis of rotation A outside the housing wall 16, immediately behind the housing wall sections 24.
  • the flexible line 35 runs parallel to the axis of rotation A of the rotor 21 and is filled to a desired level with a liquid.
  • a level sensor monitors the liquid level.
  • the flexible line 35 is arranged in such a way that it is squeezed when a housing wall section 24 is displaced outwards, thus causing an increase in the liquid level.
  • the level sensor determines the deviation of the liquid level from the target level. It can thus be recognized whether one or more housing wall sections 24 have been displaced and thus that the device 1 contains objects which cannot be comminuted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif (1) de broyage de grains en vrac, en particulier de graines et de grains de céréales, ledit dispositif comprenant :
    - un premier élément (2) comportant une première surface (3) et une première portion de réception (4),
    - un deuxième élément (5) comportant une deuxième surface (6) et une deuxième portion de réception (7),
    - un dispositif d'alimentation (8),
    la première surface (3) et la deuxième surface (6) étant disposées parallèlement l'une à l'autre en se faisant face, de préférence en se touchant,
    le premier élément (2) et le deuxième élément (5) pouvant être déplacés suivant un mouvement alternatif l'un par rapport à l'autre entre une première position (P1) et une deuxième position (P2), la direction du mouvement étant située dans le plan des première et deuxième surfaces (3, 6),
    dans la première position (P1), la première portion de réception (4) et la deuxième portion de réception (7) étant reliées l'une à l'autre par un passage (9) et formant un logement dans lequel un grain en vrac peut être positionné par le dispositif d'alimentation (8),
    la section transversale du passage (9) étant rétrécie lors du déplacement du premier élément (2) et du deuxième élément (5) de la première position (P1) à la deuxième position (P2),
    caractérisé en ce que
    - le premier élément (2) est conçu comme un rotor (21) monté à rotation sur un axe de rotor (A) et comportant une surface circonférentielle cylindrique, la première portion de réception (4) étant une rainure circonférentielle (41) formée au moins partiellement et le rotor comportant au moins une rainure axiale (10) qui croise la rainure circonférentielle (41), la première surface (3) étant une paroi latérale (31) de la rainure axiale (10), et
    - le deuxième élément (5) est conçu comme une barre de cisaillement (51) et est disposé dans la rainure axiale (10) de manière à se déplacer suivant un mouvement alternatif le long de la rainure axiale (10), la deuxième portion de réception (7) étant un évidement (71) ménagé dans la barre de cisaillement (51).
  2. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre un boîtier (11) pourvu d'une paroi de boîtier (16) qui entoure coaxialement au moins par endroits le rotor (21) et qui comporte au moins une ouverture d'alimentation (8) et au moins une ouverture de sortie (12) destinées aux grains en vrac.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de boîtier (16) comporte au moins une portion de paroi de boîtier mobile (24) qui chevauche radialement la première portion de réception (4) par rapport à l'axe de rotor (A), la portion de paroi de boîtier mobile (24) étant de préférence précontrainte dans la direction du rotor (21), en particulier dans la direction radiale du rotor (21).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une portion de paroi de boîtier mobile (24) coopère avec un capteur de déplacement (25) pour déterminer un déplacement de la portion de paroi de boîtier mobile (24).
  5. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de rotor (A) est disposé verticalement.
  6. Dispositif (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la rainure circonférentielle (41) est une rainure de circulation.
  7. Dispositif (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la rainure axiale (10) s'étend sur toute la hauteur du rotor (21).
  8. Dispositif (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la rainure circonférentielle (41) et l'évidement (71) présentent, en coupe radiale à travers le rotor (21), un profil trapézoïdal.
  9. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la rainure circonférentielle (4) et l'évidement (71) présentent le profil d'un trapèze isocèle, la base la plus courte du trapèze étant disposée parallèlement à l'axe de rotor (A).
  10. Dispositif (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le rotor (21) comporte une pluralité de rainures circonférentielles (41, 41').
  11. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la barre de cisaillement (51) comprend une pluralité d'évidements (71, 71'), dans la première position (P1) chaque évidement (71, 71') étant associé à une rainure de circulation (41, 41').
  12. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'un évidement associé (71, 71') dans la première position (P1) à une première rainure de circulation (41, 41') est associé dans la deuxième position (P2) à une deuxième rainure de circulation (41', 41''), la deuxième rainure de circulation (41', 41") étant de préférence disposée de manière adjacente à la première rainure de circulation (41, 41').
  13. Dispositif (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le rotor (21) comprend une pluralité de barres de cisaillement (51, 51') qui sont disposées chacune dans une rainure axiale (10, 10').
  14. Dispositif (T) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la barre de cisaillement (51) peut être déplacée de la première position (P1) à la deuxième position (P2) et/ou de la deuxième position (P2) à la première position (P1) au moyen d'un mécanisme à cames, le mécanisme à cames comprenant au moins une came de commande (26) qui est disposée à une extrémité axiale (S) du rotor (21) solidairement en rotation par rapport à un sens de rotation du rotor (21), la came de commande (26) déplaçant axialement une extrémité axiale de la barre de cisaillement (51) pendant la rotation du rotor (21), le dispositif (1) comprenant en outre de préférence au moins un piston (27) guidé axialement dans un alésage de guidage (30) du rotor, le piston (27) étant relié à au moins une barre de cisaillement (51) et étant déplacé axialement par la came de commande (26) pendant la rotation du rotor (21).
  15. Procédé de traitement de grains en vrac, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - broyer des grains en vrac avec un dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes ;
    - appliquer un post-traitement sur les grains en vrac broyés ou stocker les grains en vrac broyés ; caractérisé en ce qu'aucune étape de séparation n'est effectuée entre l'étape de broyage et l'étape de post-traitement/stockage et en particulier en ce qu'aucun de retour des grains en vrac broyés n'est effectué vers un dispositif de broyage de produit en vrac.
EP18202393.7A 2017-10-30 2018-10-24 Dispositif et procédé de broyage de granules en vrac Active EP3476486B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2020117719A RU2745118C1 (ru) 2017-10-30 2018-10-29 Устройство и способ для измельчения насыпного зерна
PCT/EP2018/079567 WO2019086375A1 (fr) 2017-10-30 2018-10-29 Dispositif et procédé pour le hachage de céréales en vrac
CA3080660A CA3080660C (fr) 2017-10-30 2018-10-29 Dispositif et procede pour le hachage de cereales en vrac
UAA202003247A UA126347C2 (uk) 2017-10-30 2018-10-29 Пристрій і спосіб подрібнення зернового матеріалу в сипкій масі
US16/759,936 US11213828B2 (en) 2017-10-30 2018-10-29 Device and method for comminuting bulk material grains

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17199189 2017-10-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3476486A1 EP3476486A1 (fr) 2019-05-01
EP3476486B1 true EP3476486B1 (fr) 2020-07-01

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EP18202393.7A Active EP3476486B1 (fr) 2017-10-30 2018-10-24 Dispositif et procédé de broyage de granules en vrac

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US (1) US11213828B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3476486B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3080660C (fr)
RU (1) RU2745118C1 (fr)
UA (1) UA126347C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019086375A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3782733B1 (fr) 2019-08-20 2021-10-20 Bühler AG Bande de cisaillement pour dispositif de broyage des grains en vrac

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3476486A1 (fr) 2019-05-01
CA3080660A1 (fr) 2019-05-09
WO2019086375A1 (fr) 2019-05-09
CA3080660C (fr) 2021-04-20
RU2745118C1 (ru) 2021-03-22
US11213828B2 (en) 2022-01-04
UA126347C2 (uk) 2022-09-21
US20200391217A1 (en) 2020-12-17

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