EP3452659A1

EP3452659A1 - Rail intermediate layer

Info

Publication number: EP3452659A1
Application number: EP17718918.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Herwig Miessbacher
Original assignee: Semperit AG Holding
Current assignee: Semperit AG Holding
Priority date: 2016-05-02
Filing date: 2017-04-24
Publication date: 2019-03-13
Anticipated expiration: 2037-04-24
Also published as: EP3452659B1; WO2017190970A1; DE102016108097B3; PL3452659T3; RU2702479C1

Abstract

The invention relates to an intermediate layer (10) for arranging between a rail cross-tie and a track, which intermediate layer has a longitudinal web (20) on the top side (11) thereof and/or on the bottom side (12) thereof, which longitudinal web extends in a longitudinal direction (L), wherein the longitudinal web (20) ends in or at at least one transverse web (40), the length of which transversely to the longitudinal direction (L) is greater than a width of the longitudinal web (20) in this direction, wherein the at least one longitudinal web (20) is formed by longitudinal recesses (62), and wherein the at least one transverse web (40) is formed by one or more transverse recesses (60).

Description

Rail pad

The present invention relates to an intermediate layer, in particular a rail intermediate layer.

Elastic rail pads have the task of elastically decoupling the rail from the underlying (rail) threshold. The absorbed forces of the rail are derived via the rail intermediate position in the threshold, with forces in the vertical and horizontal direction occur relative to the rail bottom. As a result of the acting forces, the intermediate layer is elastically deformed mainly by the vertical forces or in the vertical direction. The dynamically occurring wheel forces and the relatively soft elastic rail supports allow the rail to oscillate largely freely. The sound waves produced by these vibrations are commonly referred to as rail noise. To counter the problem of noise generation, very stiff intermediate layers are sometimes used in the prior art (ksp> 250 kN / mm). With these spacers rail noise can be kept at a low level. However, the elastic decoupling between rail and threshold is low. Alternatively, therefore, very soft intermediate layers are used (ksp <120 kN / mm). With these spacers, a good elastic decoupling between rail and threshold can be achieved. However, by the elastic Decoupling or significantly increased by the occurring rail movements of rail noise.

Furthermore, DE 10 2008 07 495 A1 discloses an injection-molding or injection-compression plate for rails made of an elastomeric or rubber-elastic material, the plate being provided with nub-like or ridge-like elevations and / or grooves which are substantially uniform on the surface are distributed. In addition, the document DE 10 2014 216 543 A1 knows an intermediate layer, in particular a rail intermediate layer, with an upper side and a lower side, wherein the upper side has an upper arrangement surface and the lower side has a lower arrangement surface. In this case, the upper arrangement surface defines an upper base plane for placement on a rail and the lower arrangement surface defines a lower base plane for placement at a railway sleeper. In order to define an additional plane, which is inclined to the upper base plane and / or to the lower base plane, the upper side and / or the lower side have at least one support section, which is designed accordingly. The document DE 100 48 787 A1 relates to a mounting for a track section with cross sections differing from one another along the track section, in particular in the form of a switch, wherein the bearing has a plurality of interpolation points, each with a base plate such as a ribbed plate, a tongue root plate or a ribbed plate with sliding chair or with trestle.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a (rail) intermediate layer, which allows both an elastic decoupling between rail and threshold and at the same time keeps the rail noise at a low level. This object is achieved by an intermediate layer according to claim 1. Further advantages and features will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description and the accompanying figures. According to the invention, an intermediate layer or a rail intermediate layer, which is designed or arranged for arrangement between a railway sleeper and a track, on its upper side and / or on its underside on a longitudinal web extending along a longitudinal direction, which in the installed state of the intermediate layer of a Corresponds to the track direction extends, wherein the longitudinal web ends in or on at least one transverse web whose length is transverse to the longitudinal direction greater than a width of the longitudinal web in this direction, wherein the at least one longitudinal web is formed by longitudinal depressions or defined or limited and wherein the at least one transverse web is formed or defined or limited by one or more transverse depressions. In order to selectively prevent rail vibrations also in the rail longitudinal direction, an end region of the intermediate layer, whereby the term "end" refers to the track direction, is reinforced disproportionately in this area by special shaping, namely the transverse web The intermediate layer can thus be divided along the longitudinal direction into three regions, two end regions, which comprise the transverse web, and an intermediate central region, in which the at least one longitudinal web is formed or arranged The advantageous properties of the intermediate layer are in fact achieved by the fact that the at least one longitudinal web does not penetrate the entire intermediate layer but ends in or at the transverse webs, in particular these transverse webs represent a stiffening, which leads to d ass with the intermediate layer of rail noise can be reduced. By providing the at least one longitudinal web, however, the decoupling between railroad tie and rail is still possible, in particular along the longitudinal direction / track direction. According to a preferred embodiment, the side of the intermediate layer, which does not have the longitudinal or transverse recesses, for example, smooth or even. Conveniently, this is smooth Side the top, which is oriented towards the rail, wherein the underside of the intermediate layer preferably has the longitudinal or transverse recesses. Alternatively, the liner can also be installed / formed the other way round exactly. According to an alternative embodiment, both the upper side and the lower side are provided with the corresponding longitudinal or transverse depressions, thus expediently have the same structure / design. Preferably, the intermediate layer is formed symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal direction. The intermediate layer thus has a center line which extends along the longitudinal direction. In particular, when cornering but it may also be advantageous to dispense with this symmetrical design and, for example, the at least one longitudinal ridge and / or the cross bar just not symmetrical, based on the center line of the intermediate layer, which extends along the longitudinal direction form. The at least one longitudinal web is in particular formed by at least two longitudinal depressions which extend essentially along the longitudinal direction. These longitudinal recesses are preferably formed continuously, but may also have an example, offset structure / shape, for example, be designed as a perforation. The same applies with regard to the transverse depressions, which preferably extend essentially transversely or perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and are preferably designed to be continuous. Both for the longitudinal recesses and for the transverse recesses applies that they do not have to extend exactly parallel or perpendicular to the longitudinal direction but they may for example also have a wave or zigzag structure. An inclination not equal to zero or not equal to 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction is possible in order to influence the damping or stiffness behavior of the intermediate layer.

The addressed longitudinal recesses are in particular "inner" longitudinal depressions, which are preferably connected to the transverse depressions, in other words, the longitudinal web transitions into the transverse web or webs, so that corresponding connecting regions are formed, by which in particular the torsional behavior of the intermediate layer can be influenced. Preference is given to a structure which, in plan view, equals a double-T beam or profile, wherein the web of the double-T-profile is formed by the longitudinal web and the flanges of the double-T-profile through the cross member. Alternatively, the one or more transverse webs and the at least one longitudinal web could also be separated from one another by a transverse recess.

According to a preferred embodiment, the one or more transverse webs are bounded by outer longitudinal depressions, in particular transversely to the longitudinal direction. Preferably, therefore, the transverse webs (without a restriction of generality is hereinafter i.d.R. of two transverse webs spoken) do not take the entire width of the intermediate layer. A width of the intermediate layer is in preferred embodiments, for. B. in a range of about 100 to 210 mm, more preferably in a range of about 120 to 200 mm, for example about 194 mm. A length of the intermediate layer which extends along the longitudinal direction or the track direction is in preferred embodiments about 100 to 210 mm, more preferably about 160 to 200 mm, for example about 190 mm. Conveniently, a length of the transverse webs about 30 to 150 mm, preferably about 40 to 1 10 mm, more preferably about 50 to 60 mm. Alternatively, the transverse webs can also span the entire width of the intermediate layer. Basically, the transverse webs of both end regions are preferably of the same size. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for a transverse web to be, for example, wider or narrower than the other. A preferred width of the at least one longitudinal ridge is in a range of about 8 to 30 mm, in particular in a range of about 10 to 20 mm. According to a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned outer

Longitudinal recesses formed over the entire length of the intermediate layer. Thus, they are continuously formed, "continuous" not to be understood as meaning that the shape or geometry of the longitudinal recesses must be the same over the entire length of the intermediate layer A continuous longitudinal recess could, for example, also be arranged in a row behind the longitudinal direction , Recesses in the form of small holes or recesses (similar to a perforation) may be formed. According to a preferred embodiment, the outer longitudinal recesses are connected to the inner longitudinal recesses by transverse recesses. Conveniently, additional or lateral webs are thereby formed between the outer longitudinal depressions, the inner longitudinal depressions and the transverse depressions, by means of which the damping characteristic of the intermediate layer can be further influenced. The additional or side bars may be formed continuously along the longitudinal direction. However, they may in turn also be subdivided by a multiplicity of longitudinal depressions and / or transverse depressions in order to influence the rigidity or the elasticity of the intermediate layer.

In preferred embodiments, the longitudinal and transverse depressions have a depth of about 2 to 8 mm, preferably about 3 to 6 mm, and more preferably a depth of about 5 mm. Preferably, a cross-section of the depressions is trapezoidal, with the depressions for the respective top or bottom of the intermediate layer out, in particular trapezoidal, expand. Alternatively, however, a round shape, such as a semicircular structure or another angular configuration, such as a square or rectangular configuration, expediently, in which case, in particular, the method used to produce the intermediate layer is crucial. Preferably, a (plastic) extrusion or injection molding process is used for the intermediate layer. According to a preferred embodiment, a depth of the recesses in relation to a total thickness of the intermediate layer, which according to various embodiments is in a range of about 5 to 14 mm, in a ratio of about 0.1 to 0.8. A width of the depressions is in preferred embodiments in a range of about 4 to 8 mm, preferably about 5 to 7 mm, particularly preferably about 6 mm. Returning to the aforementioned trapezoidal shape, for example, a width of about 6 mm at the corresponding top or bottom of the intermediate layer and a width of about 2 to 6 mm, preferably about 3 to 5 mm and more preferably about 4 mm provided at the bottom of the recess.

According to one embodiment, the at least one longitudinal web is formed from a material of lower rigidity than the rest of the intermediate layer. This can be done, for example, in the context of a 2-component extrusion or injection molding production process of the intermediate layer. However, the different material rigidity can also be achieved by a corresponding after-treatment, be it chemically or physically.

Conveniently, the transverse web or the transverse webs are formed of a material of higher rigidity than the rest of the intermediate layer. The same applies with regard to the longitudinal bar. According to a preferred embodiment, a width of the transverse web or webs, measured along the longitudinal direction, is about 5 to 40% of the total length of the intermediate layer in this direction, particularly preferably about 5 to 20%. In preferred embodiments, the width is about 10 to 35 mm, more preferably about 20 to 30 mm, in particular z. B. 25 mm. These dimensions apply analogously and correspondingly to the dimensions of the end areas.

As already mentioned, the transverse webs may not take up the entire width of the intermediate layer. The end regions are thus divided into a region 1 and a region 2, wherein the region 2 is formed by transverse webs. The region 1 or the two "regions 1" (left and right next to the region 2, with respect to the longitudinal direction) of an end region can, according to one embodiment, have a different material stiffness than the middle region of the intermediate layer, this being determined by another material, cf. For example, the abovementioned two-component process or the abovementioned chemical or physical aftertreatment can be achieved A material stiffening can also be realized by virtue of the fact that no longitudinal recesses are present in this region. In order to improve the circulation of the intermediate layer on the railway sleeper, it has proven to be advantageous to provide recesses in the corner regions of the intermediate layer, in particular on the side of the intermediate layer on which the recesses are arranged. In the plan view, these recesses preferably have substantially the shape of oblong holes which extend along the longitudinal direction. Conveniently, the elongated holes have a width, transverse to the longitudinal direction, of about 14 to 18 mm, for example about 16 mm, and a length, along the longitudinal direction, of about 40 to 50 mm, for example about 45 mm. A depth in preferred embodiments is about 2 to 5 mm, more preferably about 3 to 4 mm, in particular about 3.5 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the intermediate layer on its two longitudinal sides recesses, which serve the arrangement of a Schienenbefesti- supply system, wherein the recesses z. B. have a length of about 70 to 90 mm, preferably from about 75 to 80 mm.

Preferably, the intermediate layer, in particular in the region of or adjacent to the recesses, a projection or a tab which (r) can be used to arrange the components of a rail fastening system, wherein the tab about 2 to 4 mm over the respective side wall the liner protrudes. The tab is preferably arranged on the underside of the intermediate layer, which is assigned to the (rail) threshold. With regard to the stiffnesses of the intermediate layer, the following relationships are finally referred to:

The rigidity of the intermediate layer is set in accordance with EN 13481 -2 class C or EN 13146-9 so that the static stiffness (= ksp) -S 350 kN / mm. In preferred embodiments, the intermediate layer has a static stiffness / ksp of about 180 kN / mm, with a length of about 190 mm. If the intermediate layer is shortened on both sides to the height of the transverse web (eg to a new length of approx. 140 mm), the stiffness influence of the transverse webs is shown. The stiffness value (k _sp ) is reduced from 180 to 145 kN / mm.

A ratio of the dynamic stiffness ki_FP to the static stiffness ksp, ie the stiffening of the intermediate layer ki_FP 10 Hz / ksp (tested according to EN 13481 -2-C or EN 13146-9), is set in preferred embodiments such that the ratio> 1 , 5 is.

Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the intermediate layer according to the invention with reference to the accompanying figures.

Show it:

Figure 1: a plan view of an embodiment of an intermediate layer; Figure 2 is a sectional view as sketched in Figure 1;

Figure 3: another embodiment of an intermediate layer (partial view).

1 shows a lower side 12 of an intermediate layer 10 which extends along a longitudinal direction L which corresponds to a track direction G. Along the longitudinal direction L, the intermediate layer 10 terminates in each case in two end regions E. The end regions are divided into a region 1 and a region 2, the region 2 being formed by transverse webs 40 which extend essentially transversely to the longitudinal direction L. The end regions E and the transverse webs 40 have a length of about 25 mm along the longitudinal direction L, wherein the width of the transverse webs 40, transverse to the longitudinal direction L, is about 30 to 60 mm. The length of the intermediate layer 10 along the longitudinal direction L is about 190 mm, the width about 194 mm. The transverse webs 40 are connected by a longitudinal web 20 extending along the longitudinal direction L. The transverse webs 40 are bounded by outer longitudinal depressions 62. The longitudinal web 20 is formed by inner longitudinal depressions 64. The outer longitudinal recesses 62 and the inner longitudinal depressions 64 are connected by transverse recesses 60, wherein additional webs 22 are formed by this geometry. The entire configuration of the intermediate layer 10 is symmetrical with respect to the sketched longitudinal direction L, which may also be referred to as the center line. In the embodiment shown here, the outer longitudinal depressions 62 have a spacing of approximately 23 to 25 mm from the respective inner longitudinal depressions 64. The intermediate layer 10 comprises four corner regions 14, recesses 70 being arranged in each of these corner regions 14, which have substantially the shape of oblong holes in the plan view. The recesses 70 have in the embodiment shown here a length of about 45 mm and a width of about 16 mm. See the recesses 70 are provided along the longitudinal direction L recesses 72 in the intermediate layer 10, which serve the arrangement or investment of further not shown here rail fastening means. In the embodiment shown here, the region of the recesses 72 is provided with a type of lug 74. Through the transverse dashed lines, a middle region M is further sketched, which extends between the end regions E.

The rigidity of the intermediate layer 10 shown here is adjusted in accordance with EN 13481 -2 class C or according to EN 13146-9 such that ksp -S 350 kN / mm. The stiffness value (ksp) of the entire intermediate layer 10, with a length of about 190 mm, is about 180 kN / mm. If the intermediate layer 10 is shortened on both sides at the height of the transverse webs (eg to a new length of approx. 140 mm), the stiffness influence of the transverse webs is shown

The stiffening of the intermediate layer 10 ki_FPi oHz / ksp (tested to EN 13481 -2-C or EN 13146-9) is preferably set so that the ratio is> 1, 5. A section AA is now further shown in FIG. FIG. 2 shows the section AA, as sketched in FIG. 1. In particular, the cross-sectional shapes of the inner longitudinal depressions 64 and the outer longitudinal depressions 62, which are essentially trapezoidal in shape, can be seen here. At the bottom, the longitudinal recesses 62, 64 have a width of about 4 mm, the top 12 towards a width of about 5 mm. A depth of the recess 70 in the embodiment shown here is about 3.5 mm. You can also see the design of the tab 74. In the background, the cross bar 40 is further indicated. FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of an intermediate layer 10 which extends along the longitudinal direction L or a track direction G. In essence, the embodiment corresponds to that known from the figure 1, so that is dispensed with a complete marking with reference numerals at this point. An (upper) crosspiece 40 is formed here significantly wider and occupies approximately the entire width of the intermediate layer 10 a. With the arrow an actual rail width B is sketched. In essence, therefore, corresponds to the extension of the transverse web of the width of the rail. The intermediate layer 10 is preferably formed symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal direction L outlined here. The illustrated embodiment has two different width transverse webs 40. However, the intermediate layer preferably has a further line of symmetry, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L. Preferably, the transverse webs 40 are thus also formed the same width.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 area 1

2 area 2

10 liner

12 bottom

14 corner area

20 longitudinal bar

22 additional bridge 40 crossbar

60 cross recess

62 outer longitudinal recess

64 inner longitudinal recess 70 recess

72 return

74 tab

E end area

M middle range

G track direction

L longitudinal direction

B rail width

Claims

claims

Intermediate layer (10), for arrangement between a railway sleeper and a track, which on its upper side (1 1) and / or on its underside (12) has a longitudinal web (20) extending along a longitudinal direction (L), wherein the Longitudinal web (20) ends in or on at least one transverse web (40) whose length transverse to the longitudinal direction (L) is greater than a width of the longitudinal web (20) in this direction,

wherein the at least one longitudinal web (20) is formed by longitudinal depressions (62), and wherein the at least one transverse web (40) is formed by one or more transverse depressions (60).

Intermediate layer (10) according to claim 1,

wherein the longitudinal recesses (62) are formed as inner longitudinal recesses (64) which are connected to the transverse recesses (60).

Intermediate layers (10) according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein the at least one transverse web (40) is delimited by outer longitudinal depressions (62).

Intermediate layer (10) according to claim 3,

wherein the outer longitudinal recesses (62) over the entire length of the intermediate layer (10) are formed.

Intermediate layer (10) according to one of claims 3-4,

wherein the outer longitudinal recesses (62) are connected to the inner longitudinal recesses (64) through the transverse recesses (60). Intermediate layer (10) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein a depth of the recesses (60; 62; 64) is approximately in a ratio of 0.1 to 0.8 relative to a total thickness of the intermediate layer (10).

Intermediate layer (10) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the at least one longitudinal web (20) made of a material lower

Stiffness than the rest of the intermediate layer (10) is formed.

Intermediate layer (10) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the at least one transverse web (40) is formed of a material of higher rigidity than the rest of the intermediate layer (10).

9. intermediate layer (10) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein a width of the transverse web (40) along the longitudinal direction (L) is about 5 to 40% of a total length of the intermediate layer (10).

Intermediate layer (10) according to one of the preceding claims,

comprising recesses (70) which are arranged in the corner regions (14) of the intermediate layer (10).

1 1. Intermediate layer (10) according to one of the preceding claims,

such that a ratio of the dynamic stiffness ki_FP, 10 Hz to the static stiffness ksp> 1, 5 is formed.

12. intermediate layer (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper side (1 1), which is oriented towards the rail, is smooth and the underside longitudinal recesses (62) or transverse recesses (60).

The intermediate layer (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the longitudinal depressions (62) or transverse depressions (60) have a depth of approximately 2 to 8 mm, preferably of approximately 3 to 6 mm and particularly preferably a depth of about 5 mm.

14. intermediate layer (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein between the outer longitudinal recesses (62), the inner longitudinal recesses (61) and the transverse recesses (60) additional or side webs (22) are formed, through which the damping characteristic of the intermediate layer (10) can be further influenced.

15. intermediate layer (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the intermediate layer (10) has on its two longitudinal sides recesses, which serve the arrangement of a rail fastening system.