EP1767696B1 - Railway sleeper - Google Patents

Railway sleeper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1767696B1
EP1767696B1 EP05020567A EP05020567A EP1767696B1 EP 1767696 B1 EP1767696 B1 EP 1767696B1 EP 05020567 A EP05020567 A EP 05020567A EP 05020567 A EP05020567 A EP 05020567A EP 1767696 B1 EP1767696 B1 EP 1767696B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeper
length
width
head parts
threshold
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EP05020567A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1767696A1 (en
Inventor
Bruno Kiefer
Anabel Hengelmann
Frank Sporbeck
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Creabeton Materiaux Ag/sa
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Creabeton Materiaux Ag/sa
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Priority to AT05020567T priority Critical patent/ATE427382T1/en
Priority to EP05020567A priority patent/EP1767696B1/en
Priority to ES05020567T priority patent/ES2326483T3/en
Priority to PL05020567T priority patent/PL1767696T3/en
Priority to DE502005007005T priority patent/DE502005007005D1/en
Publication of EP1767696A1 publication Critical patent/EP1767696A1/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/28Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a railway sleepers made of concrete, consisting of an elongated sleeper body having two mutually remote headboards, each having a rectangular plan and a mounting area for rails and the head parts interconnecting connecting part, which consists of two adjacent to the headboards, tapering in plan Transition areas and the transition areas interconnecting middle part consists.
  • the today's stuffing technology with the mentioned standardized machines assumes that between the sleepers a free space of approx. 30 centimeters for the stuffing picks must be available. If the interpolation distance of the rail fasteners with approx. 60 centimeters is regarded as the today usual optimum or compromise from view of the rail and Oberbaube pipeung, remain for the threshold width - also with regard to the logistics of the threshold transports - only approx. 30 centimeters to the maximum extent Verfi Trent.
  • the threshold width is also explicitly limited to 30 centimeters in leaflet 713 of the "International Union of Railways" (UIC).
  • the threshold length influenced together with the ballast bed edges significantly the required crown width of the track body and pushes already with the declared in the above leaflet to the standard length of the threshold of 2.5 to 2.6 meters, especially on existing facilities, to natural limits.
  • German utility model application 1746058 discloses a concrete sleeper, whose base consists of a short central surface with straight or concave curved longitudinal sides and two adjoining this, trapezoidal surfaces. However, the reduction of the mentioned contact voltages is only slight at this threshold.
  • the document EP 1 186 709 A2 concerns a threshold for so-called fixed carriageways where the sleepers are stored on a concrete subgrade without the interposition of ballast. On solid lanes, the problems discussed above do not occur.
  • the invention solves the problem of attaching a so-called sole made of an elastomeric material to the threshold.
  • German utility model DE 299 12 769 U1 relates to a monoblock threshold of reinforced concrete.
  • the problem solved by the invention is to attach a support block for a busbar at the threshold.
  • the invention is based on the object to propose a railway sleeper, which shows a better behavior in terms of ballast load and vertical and horizontal positional stability in the ballast than the known thresholds.
  • width of the head part is 15 to 16 percent of the length of the sleeper body and the length of the head part is 24 to 26 percent of the length of the sleeper body.
  • the railway sleeper according to the invention surprisingly has very advantageous properties with respect to its positional stability in a ballast bed. Under some circumstances, even the strength of the ballast bed compared to the conventional ballast bed thickness can be reduced by the inventive measures, resulting in a reduction of the overall height of the superstructure, which is very advantageous especially in tunnels.
  • the height of the head parts is 35 to 45 percent of the width of the head parts. Since thresholds with such proportions are substantially less high than thresholds known from the prior art, it is thus possible to realize tracks with an additionally reduced overall height of the superstructure. In addition, this measure leads to a favorable ratio between material requirements and strength.
  • the middle part has a rectangular plan, whereby the shape for the production of the threshold is easy to make.
  • the tapered transition areas provide a pitch angle favorable to the resistance counteracts shifts in the threshold in the ballast bed in the direction of its longitudinal axis.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the height of the middle part is 40 to 47 percent of the width of the middle part. This results in a favorable relationship between material requirements and strength.
  • the fastening region has a bearing surface for the rail, which protrudes beyond the upper surface of the head part.
  • the support surface can be formed inclined, without that the entire upper surface of the head part must be arranged inclined.
  • the lower surfaces of the head parts, the transition regions and the middle part lie in a common plane.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous in terms of ease of manufacture and storage, but surprisingly also in terms of the positional stability of the threshold in the ballast bed.
  • the location information chosen in the description, such as the top, bottom, side, etc. are based on the railway sleeper in its position of use.
  • the embodiment shows possible embodiments of the railway sleeper, which should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiment thereof, but also various combinations of the individual features with each other are possible and this possibility of variation due to the teaching of technical action by representational Invention in the skill of those skilled in this technical field. So are all conceivable embodiments, which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiment variant, includes the scope of protection. For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the construction of the railway sleeper, these or their components have been shown partially unassembled and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.
  • Fig. 1 shows in an outline an embodiment of the inventive threshold.
  • This consists of a sleeper body 1, the two head parts 2, which are interconnected by a connecting part 5.
  • the connecting part consists of two transition regions 6 with a trapezoidal base and a cuboid center part 7.
  • Each head part 2 includes on its upper side a mounting portion 3, which has a support surface 4 and two embedded in the head part 2 dowels 8 for the purpose of fastening the rails.
  • the bearing surfaces are inclined inwards at a ratio of 1:40.
  • the total length A of the threshold body 1 is 2.6 meters and is intended for a gauge of 1435 millimeters. With gauge is the light Width between the rail heads meant.
  • the width B of the head parts 2 in this example is 400 millimeters, measured in the plane of the lower edge and its length C 650 millimeters. It has been shown that it is advantageous if the point at which the transitional region 6 begins, lies within the inner surface of the rail head, which in the example described here at a distance of 582.5 millimeters from the end face 9 of the head part. 2 located.
  • the length D of the middle part 7 in this example is 400 millimeters, so that the length of the outline of the transitional regions 6 is 450 millimeters in each case. From these ratios results for the angle of the transition regions 6, an amount of 5 degrees.
  • the middle part 7 has on its lower surface a width E of 320 millimeters.
  • Fig. 2 shows the threshold according to Fig. 1 in a side elevation, seen in the direction of arrow II in Fig. 1 ,
  • the height ratios of the threshold become clear.
  • the head parts 2 have a height G of 170 millimeters, whereas the middle part 7 only has a height H of 145 millimeters. In most of the known thresholds, the height of the head parts is more than 200 millimeters.
  • the length F of the upper surface of the head parts 2 is 805 millimeters in the example. It also turns off Fig. 2 clear that the bearing surfaces 4 project beyond the upper surface of the head parts 2.
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the head part 2 along the line III - III in 2 and FIG. 4 a cross section through the middle part 7 along the line IV - IV in Fig. 2 ,
  • the measure I in Fig. 3 and the measure K in Fig. 4 is in the example described in each case 10 millimeters, which corresponds to a tightening angle between 3 and 4 degrees, which is required for removal of the threshold during manufacture.
  • strongly inclined side edges of the threshold had an unfavorable effect on their behavior in the ballast bed.
  • a chamfer 10 at the edge of the upper surface of the threshold, there is arranged circumferentially a chamfer 10 whose dimensions in the example are about 10 millimeters by 45 degrees.
  • 9 chamfers are also adjacent to the faces.
  • Another embodiment of the inventive railway sleeper differs itself from the example described above only in that the width B of the head parts 2 450 millimeters and the width E of the middle part 7 is 350 millimeters.
  • the head parts 2 of the threshold bodies 1 have a width B of 450 millimeters and the sleepers are spaced apart by 600 millimeters, measured along the longitudinal axis of a threshold to the longitudinal axis of the next threshold.
  • the head parts 2 of the sleeper bodies 1 likewise have a width B of 450 millimeters and the sleepers are spaced apart by a distance of 650 millimeters.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

Railway sleeper made of concrete comprises an elongated sleeper body (1) having two head parts (2) that have a rectangular horizontal projection with a width (B) corresponding to 13-20% of the length (A) of the sleeper body and a length (C) corresponding to 20-30 of the length of the sleeper body. An independent claim is also included for a railway track comprising railway sleepers separated by a distance corresponding to 130-155% of the width of the head parts. Preferred Features: The width of the head parts corresponds to 17-18 or 15-16 of the length of the sleeper body. The length of the head parts corresponds to 24-26 of the length of the sleeper body.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Eisenbahnschwelle aus Beton, bestehend aus einem länglichen Schwellenkörper, der zwei voneinander entfernte Kopfteile mit jeweils einem rechteckigen Grundriss und einem Befestigungsbereich für Schienen und einen die Kopfteile miteinander verbindenden Verbindungsteil aufweist, welcher aus zwei an die Kopfteile angrenzenden, sich im Grundriss verjüngenden Übergangsbereichen und einem die Übergangsbereiche miteinander verbindenden Mittelteil besteht.The invention relates to a railway sleepers made of concrete, consisting of an elongated sleeper body having two mutually remote headboards, each having a rectangular plan and a mounting area for rails and the head parts interconnecting connecting part, which consists of two adjacent to the headboards, tapering in plan Transition areas and the transition areas interconnecting middle part consists.

Es ist bekannt, dass bei Eisenbahngeleisen mit klassischem Schotterbett zeitabhängige Veränderungen, insbesondere Verschlechterungen der Gleislage unvermeidbar sind. Deren Grössenordnung hängt dabei von einer Vielzahl Faktoren ab, wie zum Beispiel Verkehrsbelastung, Homogenität und Stabilität des Untergrundes, Geschwindigkeit, Linienführung usw. Wesentliche Komponenten, nämlich das Setzungs- bzw. Deformationsverhalten des Schotterbettes sowie die Abriebmechanismen innerhalb des Schotterbettes werden wesentlich beeinflusst durch die spezifischen Kontaktspannungen auf der Unterseite der Schwelle, die charakteristischen Verhaltensweisen der Schwellenform und des Schwellenwerkstoffs wie Beton, Holz oder Stahl, das Niveau der dynamischen Beanspruchungen aus der Interaktion Fahrzeug / Gleis respektive Kontaktfläche Rad / Schiene sowie Diskontinuitäten in der Trag- und Deformationsfähigkeit (Bettungsmodul) des Untergrundes. Es ist ein besonderer Vorteil des klassischen Schotterbetts, dass diese Veränderungen der Gleislage relativ einfach durch Stopfvorgänge korrigierbar und auf einem gewünschten Qualitätsniveau haltbar sind. Sollen aber diese Stopfvorgänge mit standardisierten Maschinen durchgeführt werden, können die Geometrie, die Abmessungen und die Abstände der Schwellen nicht beliebig verändert werden. Sobald nämlich zwischen den Schwellen nicht ausreichend Platz vorhanden ist, müssen für die Stopfvorgänge zwischen den Schwellen speziell angepasste Maschinen eingesetzt werden oder es muss auf eine Stopfmethode ausgewichen werden, bei der die Stopfwerkzeuge ausserhalb der Stirnseiten der Schwellen in den Schotter eintauchen und sich dann in Richtung zu den Schienen hin bewegen. Eine Schwelle entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruch 1 ist aus DE 299 12 769 U bekannt.It is known that in Eisenbahngeleisen classic ballast bed time-dependent changes, in particular deterioration of the track position are unavoidable. Their size depends on a variety of factors, such as traffic load, homogeneity and stability of the substrate, speed, lines, etc. Essential components, namely the settling or deformation behavior of the ballast bed and the abrasion mechanisms within the ballast bed are significantly influenced by the specific Contact stresses on the underside of the threshold, the characteristic behavior of the sleeper and of the sleeper material such as concrete, wood or steel, the level of dynamic loads resulting from the vehicle / track interaction or wheel / rail interaction and discontinuities in the support and deformation capacity (ballast modulus) of the vehicle subsurface. It is a particular advantage of the classic ballast bed that these changes in the track position can be relatively easily corrected by stuffing operations and preserved at a desired quality level. However, if these stuffing operations are to be performed with standardized machines, the geometry, the dimensions and the distances of the sleepers can not be changed arbitrarily. As soon as there is not enough space between the thresholds, specially adapted machines must be used for the stuffing operations between the sleepers or a stuffing method must be used in which the stuffing tools dive into the ballast outside the end faces of the sleepers and then move in the direction of the stuffing move towards the rails. A threshold according to the preamble of claim 1 is made DE 299 12 769 U known.

Die heutige Stopftechnologie mit den genannten standardisierten Maschinen geht davon aus, dass zwischen den Schwellen ein freier Raum von ca. 30 Zentimeter für die Stopfpickel verfügbar sein muss. Sofern der Stützpunktabstand der Schienenbefestigungen mit ca. 60 Zentimeter als das heute übliche Optimum bzw. Kompromiss aus Sicht der Schienen- und Oberbaubeanspruchung betrachtet wird, bleiben für die Schwellenbreite - auch im Hinblick auf die Logistik der Schwellentransporte - lediglich ca. 30 Zentimeter als Höchstmass zur Verfiigung. Die Schwellenbreite wird auch im Merkblatt 713 der "International Union of Railways" (UIC) explizit auf 30 Zentimeter eingeschränkt. Die Schwellenlänge beeinflusst zusammen mit den Schotterbettflanken massgeblich die erforderliche Kronenbreite des Gleiskörpers und stösst bereits mit der im oben genannten Merkblatt zum Standard erklärten Länge der Schwelle von 2,5 bis 2,6 Meter, insbesondere auf bestehenden Anlagen, auf natürliche Grenzen.The today's stuffing technology with the mentioned standardized machines assumes that between the sleepers a free space of approx. 30 centimeters for the stuffing picks must be available. If the interpolation distance of the rail fasteners with approx. 60 centimeters is regarded as the today usual optimum or compromise from view of the rail and Oberbaubeanspruchung, remain for the threshold width - also with regard to the logistics of the threshold transports - only approx. 30 centimeters to the maximum extent Verfiigung. The threshold width is also explicitly limited to 30 centimeters in leaflet 713 of the "International Union of Railways" (UIC). The threshold length influenced together with the ballast bed edges significantly the required crown width of the track body and pushes already with the declared in the above leaflet to the standard length of the threshold of 2.5 to 2.6 meters, especially on existing facilities, to natural limits.

Das anlässlich eines Vortrags mit dem Titel "Die Entwicklung des Breitschwellen-Gleises", gehalten an der VDEI-Veranstaltung vom 15. Juni 2000 in Frankfurt bekannt gewordene Geleise ist ein typisches Beispiel, bei dem die genannten, heute üblichen Stopfmethoden nicht angewandt werden können. Viel mehr muss bei einem solchen Geleise, bei dem die Schwellen voneinander nur 3 Zentimeter Abstand haben, die Bewegung der Stopfwerkzeuge rechtwinklig zu den Schienen von den Stirnflächen der Schwellen her erfolgen.The track made famous during a lecture titled "The Development of the Wide-Threshold Track", held at the VDEI event in Frankfurt on 15 June 2000, is a typical example in which the aforementioned stuffing methods that are customary today can not be used. Much more must be done in such a track, in which the sleepers from each other only 3 centimeters apart, the movement of the stuffing tools perpendicular to the rails of the end faces of the threshold forth.

Es liegt auf der Hand und ist auch den Unterlagen zum oben genannten Vortrag zu entnehmen, dass auf Grund der zahlreichen Einflussfaktoren bei der Optimierung von Schottergeleisen und deren Schwellen rein rechnerische Methoden nicht zum Ziel führen. Viel mehr sind dazu zahlreiche Versuchsreihen notwendig.It is obvious and can be inferred from the documents for the above mentioned lecture that due to the numerous influencing factors in the optimization of ballast irons and their thresholds, purely mathematical methods do not lead to the goal. Much more are necessary to numerous series of experiments.

In der Deutschen Gebrauchsmuster-Anmeldung 1721258 wird eine Betonschwelle mit zwei kreisrunden Auflageplatten an den Schwellenenden vorgeschlagen, wodurch mit einem Minimum an Auflagefläche ein Maximum an Tragfähigkeit erreicht werden könne. Derartige Schwellen sind aber aufwändig in der Herstellung.In the German utility model application 1721258 a concrete sleeper is proposed with two circular support plates at the sleeper ends, whereby a maximum of bearing capacity can be achieved with a minimum of support surface. However, such thresholds are expensive to manufacture.

Die Deutsche Gebrauchsmuster-Anmeldung 1746058 offenbart eine Betonschwelle, deren Grundfläche aus einer kurzen Mittelfläche mit geraden oder konkav gebogenen Längsseiten und zwei an diese anschliessenden, trapezförmigen Flächen besteht. Die Reduktion der erwähnten Kontaktspannungen ist aber bei dieser Schwelle nur geringfügig.The German utility model application 1746058 discloses a concrete sleeper, whose base consists of a short central surface with straight or concave curved longitudinal sides and two adjoining this, trapezoidal surfaces. However, the reduction of the mentioned contact voltages is only slight at this threshold.

Im Schweizer Patent CH 38434 wird vorgeschlagen, die Auflagefläche der Schwelle zu vergrössem, indem der Querschnitt der Schwelle trapezförmig gestaltet wird. Diese Massnahme hat sich aber in der Praxis nicht bewährt, unter anderem darum, weil die durch die geneigten Seitenflächen entstehenden scharfen Kanten an der Auflagefläche beim Stopfen beschädigt werden, was wiederum den Widerstand der Schwelle gegen Lageänderungen im Schotterbett negativ beeinflusst.In the Swiss patent CH 38434 It is proposed to increase the contact surface of the threshold by making the cross-section of the threshold trapezoidal. However, this measure has not been proven in practice, among other things, because the sharp edges resulting from the inclined side surfaces are damaged at the support surface during the plug, which in turn adversely affects the resistance of the threshold against changes in position in the ballast bed.

Das Dokument EP 1 186 709 A2 betrifft eine Schwelle für so genannte feste Fahrbahnen, bei denen die Schwellen auf einem betonierten Untergrund ohne Zwischenlage von Schotter gelagert werden. Bei festen Fahrbahnen treten die oben diskutierten Probleme nicht auf. Die Erfindung löst das Problem, eine so genannte Sohle aus einem elastomeren Material an der Schwelle zu befestigen.The document EP 1 186 709 A2 concerns a threshold for so-called fixed carriageways where the sleepers are stored on a concrete subgrade without the interposition of ballast. On solid lanes, the problems discussed above do not occur. The invention solves the problem of attaching a so-called sole made of an elastomeric material to the threshold.

Das deutsche Gebrauchsmuster DE 299 12 769 U1 betrifft eine Monoblockschwelle aus Stahlbeton. Das durch die Erfindung gelöste Problem besteht darin, einen Stützblock für eine Stromschiene an der Schwelle zu befestigen.The German utility model DE 299 12 769 U1 relates to a monoblock threshold of reinforced concrete. The problem solved by the invention is to attach a support block for a busbar at the threshold.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Eisenbahnschwelle vorzuschlagen, die bezüglich Schotterbelastung sowie vertikaler und horizontaler Lagestabilität im Schotter ein günstigeres Verhalten zeigt als die bekannten Schwellen.Based on this prior art, the invention is based on the object to propose a railway sleeper, which shows a better behavior in terms of ballast load and vertical and horizontal positional stability in the ballast than the known thresholds.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass die Breite des Kopfteils 15 bis 16 Prozent der Länge des Schwellenkörpers beträgt und die Länge des Kopfteils 24 bis 26 Prozent der Länge des Schwellenkörpers beträgt.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the width of the head part is 15 to 16 percent of the length of the sleeper body and the length of the head part is 24 to 26 percent of the length of the sleeper body.

Mit diesen Proportionen hat die erfindungsgemässe Eisenbahnschwelle in überraschender Weise sehr vorteilhafte Eigenschaften hinsichtlich ihrer Lagestabilität im Schotterbett. Unter Umständen kann durch die erfindungsgemässen Massnahmen sogar die Stärke des Schotterbetts gegenüber der herkömmlichen Schotterbettstärke reduziert werden, woraus eine Reduktion der Gesamthöhe des Oberbaus resultiert, was insbesondere in Tunnelstrecken sehr vorteilhaft ist.With these proportions, the railway sleeper according to the invention surprisingly has very advantageous properties with respect to its positional stability in a ballast bed. Under some circumstances, even the strength of the ballast bed compared to the conventional ballast bed thickness can be reduced by the inventive measures, resulting in a reduction of the overall height of the superstructure, which is very advantageous especially in tunnels.

Gemäss einer Ausführungsart beträgt die Höhe der Kopfteile 35 bis 45 Prozent der Breite der Kopfteile. Da Schwellen mit solchen Proportionen wesentlich weniger hoch sind als aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Schwellen, lassen sich damit Geleise mit einer zusätzlich verringerten Gesamthöhe des Oberbaus realisieren. Zudem führt diese Massnahme zu einem günstigen Verhältnis zwischen Materialbedarf und Festigkeit.According to one embodiment, the height of the head parts is 35 to 45 percent of the width of the head parts. Since thresholds with such proportions are substantially less high than thresholds known from the prior art, it is thus possible to realize tracks with an additionally reduced overall height of the superstructure. In addition, this measure leads to a favorable ratio between material requirements and strength.

Bevorzugt hat der Mittelteil einen rechteckigen Grundriss, wodurch die Form für die Herstellung der Schwelle einfach anzufertigen ist.Preferably, the middle part has a rectangular plan, whereby the shape for the production of the threshold is easy to make.

Wenn nach weiteren Ausführungsarten die Breite des Mittelteils 76 bis 82 Prozent der Breite der Kopfteile beträgt und/oder die Länge des Mittelteils 12 bis 18 Prozent der Länge des Schwellenkörpers beträgt, ergibt sich bei den sich verjüngenden Übergangsbereichen ein Neigungswinkel, der sich günstig auf den Widerstand gegen Verschiebungen der Schwelle im Schotterbett in Richtung ihrer Längsachse auswirkt.In other embodiments, if the width of the center portion is 76 to 82 percent of the width of the head portions and / or the length of the center portion is 12 to 18 percent of the length of the sleeper body, the tapered transition areas provide a pitch angle favorable to the resistance counteracts shifts in the threshold in the ballast bed in the direction of its longitudinal axis.

Eine weitere Ausführungsart der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Höhe des Mittelteils 40 bis 47 Prozent der Breite des Mittelteils beträgt. Dies ergibt ein günstiges Verhältnis zwischen Materialbedarf und Festigkeit.Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the height of the middle part is 40 to 47 percent of the width of the middle part. This results in a favorable relationship between material requirements and strength.

Gemäss einer anderen Ausführungsart weist der Befestigungsbereich eine Auflagefläche für die Schiene auf, die über die obere Fläche des Kopfteils hervor steht. Dadurch kann die Auflagefläche geneigt ausgebildet werden, ohne dass die ganze obere Fläche des Kopfteils geneigt angeordnet werden muss.According to another embodiment, the fastening region has a bearing surface for the rail, which protrudes beyond the upper surface of the head part. Thereby, the support surface can be formed inclined, without that the entire upper surface of the head part must be arranged inclined.

Bevorzugt liegen die unteren Flächen der Kopfteile, der Übergangsbereiche und des Mittelteils in einer gemeinsamen Ebene. Diese Ausführungsart ist besonders günstig hinsichtlich einer einfachen Herstellung und Lagerung, aber überraschenderweise auch hinsichtlich der Lagestabilität der Schwelle im Schotterbett.Preferably, the lower surfaces of the head parts, the transition regions and the middle part lie in a common plane. This embodiment is particularly advantageous in terms of ease of manufacture and storage, but surprisingly also in terms of the positional stability of the threshold in the ballast bed.

Die Erfindung wird im nachfolgenden anhand der in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings.

Es zeigen:Show it:

Fig. 1Fig. 1
einen Grundriss der Eisenbahnschwelle;a floor plan of the railway sleeper;
Fig. 2Fig. 2
einen Seitenriss der Eisenbahnschwelle gemäss Fig. 1 entsprechend dem Pfeil II in Fig. 1;a side elevation of the railway sleeper according Fig. 1 according to the arrow II in Fig. 1 ;
Fig. 3Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt durch den Kopfteil entlang der Linie III - III in Fig. 2 in einem gegenüber den Figuren 1 und 2 vergrösserten Massstab;a cross section through the head part along the line III - III in Fig. 2 in one opposite the Figures 1 and 2 enlarged scale;
Fig. 4Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt durch den Mittelteil entlang der Linie IV - IV in Fig. 2 in einem gegenüber den Figuren 1 und 2 vergrösserten Massstab.a cross section through the middle part along the line IV - IV in Fig. 2 in one opposite the Figures 1 and 2 enlarged scale.

Einführend sei festgehalten, dass die in der Beschreibung gewählten Lageangaben, wie z.B. oben, unten, seitlich usw. auf die Eisenbahnschwelle in ihrer Gebrauchslage bezogen sind. Das Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt mögliche Ausführungsvarianten der Eisenbahnschwelle, wobei an dieser Stelle bemerkt sei, dass die Erfindung nicht auf die speziell dargestellte Ausführungsvariante derselben eingeschränkt ist, sondern vielmehr auch diverse Kombinationen der einzelnen Merkmale untereinander möglich sind und diese Variationsmöglichkeit aufgrund der Lehre zum technischen Handeln durch gegenständliche Erfindung im Können des auf diesem technischen Gebiet tätigen Fachmannes liegt. Es sind also auch sämtliche denkbaren Ausführungsvarianten, die durch Kombinationen einzelner Details der dargestellten und beschriebenen Ausführungsvariante möglich sind, vom Schutzumfang mit umfasst. Der Ordnung halber sei abschliessend darauf hingewiesen, dass zum besseren Verständnis des Auf baus der Eisenbahnschwelle diese bzw. deren Bestandteile teilweise unmassstäblich und/oder vergrössert und/oder verkleinert dargestellt wurden.By way of introduction, it should be noted that the location information chosen in the description, such as the top, bottom, side, etc. are based on the railway sleeper in its position of use. The embodiment shows possible embodiments of the railway sleeper, which should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiment thereof, but also various combinations of the individual features with each other are possible and this possibility of variation due to the teaching of technical action by representational Invention in the skill of those skilled in this technical field. So are all conceivable embodiments, which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiment variant, includes the scope of protection. For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the construction of the railway sleeper, these or their components have been shown partially unassembled and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.

Fig. 1 zeigt in einem Grundriss ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemässen Schwelle. Diese besteht aus einem Schwellenkörper 1, der zwei Kopfteile 2, aufweist, die durch einen Verbindungsteil 5 miteinander verbunden sind. Der Verbindungsteil besteht aus zwei Übergangsbereichen 6 mit trapezförmiger Grundfläche und einem quaderförmigen Mittelteil 7. Jeder Kopfteil 2 enthält auf seiner oberen Seite einen Befestigungsbereich 3, der zwecks Befestigung der Schienen eine Auflagefläche 4 und zwei im Kopfteil 2 eingelassene Dübel 8 aufweist. Die Auflageflächen sind nach innen im Verhältnis 1:40 geneigt. Fig. 1 shows in an outline an embodiment of the inventive threshold. This consists of a sleeper body 1, the two head parts 2, which are interconnected by a connecting part 5. The connecting part consists of two transition regions 6 with a trapezoidal base and a cuboid center part 7. Each head part 2 includes on its upper side a mounting portion 3, which has a support surface 4 and two embedded in the head part 2 dowels 8 for the purpose of fastening the rails. The bearing surfaces are inclined inwards at a ratio of 1:40.

In einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel beträgt die Gesamtlänge A des Schwellenkörpers 1 2,6 Meter und ist für eine Spurweite von 1435 Millimeter bestimmt. Mit Spurweite ist die lichte Weite zwischen den Schienenköpfen gemeint. Die Breite B der Kopfteile 2 beträgt in diesem Beispiel 400 Millimeter, gemessen in der Ebene der unteren Flanke und deren Länge C 650 Millimeter. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass es günstig ist, wenn die Stelle, an welcher der Übergangsbereich 6 beginnt, innerhalb der inneren Fläche des Schienenkopfs liegt, die sich im hier beschriebenen Beispiel in einem Abstand von 582,5 Millimeter von der Stirnseite 9 des Kopfteils 2 befindet. Die Länge D des Mittelteils 7 beträgt in diesem Beispiel 400 Millimeter, so dass sich für die Länge des Grundrisses der Übergangsbereiche 6 jeweils 450 Millimeter ergibt. Aus diesen Verhältnissen ergibt sich für die Winkel der Übergangsbereiche 6 ein Betrag von 5 Altgrad. Schliesslich hat der Mittelteil 7 an seiner unteren Fläche eine Breite E von 320 Millimeter.In a first embodiment, the total length A of the threshold body 1 is 2.6 meters and is intended for a gauge of 1435 millimeters. With gauge is the light Width between the rail heads meant. The width B of the head parts 2 in this example is 400 millimeters, measured in the plane of the lower edge and its length C 650 millimeters. It has been shown that it is advantageous if the point at which the transitional region 6 begins, lies within the inner surface of the rail head, which in the example described here at a distance of 582.5 millimeters from the end face 9 of the head part. 2 located. The length D of the middle part 7 in this example is 400 millimeters, so that the length of the outline of the transitional regions 6 is 450 millimeters in each case. From these ratios results for the angle of the transition regions 6, an amount of 5 degrees. Finally, the middle part 7 has on its lower surface a width E of 320 millimeters.

Fig. 2 zeigt die Schwelle gemäss Fig. 1 in einem Seitenriss, gesehen in Richtung des Pfeils II in Fig. 1. In diesem Seitenriss werden die Höhenverhältnisse der Schwelle deutlich. Die Kopfteile 2 weisen eine Höhe G von 170 Millimeter auf, wogegen der Mittelteil 7 nur eine Höhe H von 145 Millimeter hat. Bei den meisten der bekannten Schwellen beträgt die Höhe der Kopfteile mehr als 200 Millimeter. Die Länge F der oberen Fläche der Kopfteile 2 beträgt im Beispiel 805 Millimeter. Ferner wird aus Fig. 2 deutlich, dass die Auflageflächen 4 über die obere Fläche der Kopfteile 2 hervorstehen. Fig. 2 shows the threshold according to Fig. 1 in a side elevation, seen in the direction of arrow II in Fig. 1 , In this page sketch, the height ratios of the threshold become clear. The head parts 2 have a height G of 170 millimeters, whereas the middle part 7 only has a height H of 145 millimeters. In most of the known thresholds, the height of the head parts is more than 200 millimeters. The length F of the upper surface of the head parts 2 is 805 millimeters in the example. It also turns off Fig. 2 clear that the bearing surfaces 4 project beyond the upper surface of the head parts 2.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch den Kopfteil 2 entlang der Linie III - III in Fig. 2 und Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt durch den Mittelteil 7 entlang der Linie IV - IV in Fig. 2. An dieser Stelle ist zu bemerken, dass der Schwellenkörper selbstverständlich eine Armierung aufweist, die aber im dargestellten Beispiel nicht eingezeichnet ist, weil sie nicht erfindungswesentlich ist. Das Mass I in Fig. 3 und das Mass K in Fig. 4 beträgt beim beschriebenen Beispiel jeweils 10 Millimeter, was einem Anzugswinkel zwischen 3 und 4 Altgrad entspricht, der zur Entformung der Schwelle bei der Herstellung erforderlich ist. Wie eingangs im Zusammenhang mit dem Patent CH38434 erwähnt, wirkten sich stark geneigte Seitenflanken der Schwelle auf deren Verhalten im Schotterbett ungünstig aus. Wie die Figuren zeigen, ist am Rande der oberen Fläche der Schwelle umlaufend eine Anfasung 10 angeordnet, deren Abmessungen im Beispiel etwa 10 Millimeter mal 45 Altgrad betragen. Zudem sind auch angrenzend an die Stirnflächen 9 Anfasungen vorhanden. Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the head part 2 along the line III - III in 2 and FIG. 4 a cross section through the middle part 7 along the line IV - IV in Fig. 2 , At this point it should be noted that the threshold body of course has a reinforcement, which is not shown in the example shown, because it is not essential to the invention. The measure I in Fig. 3 and the measure K in Fig. 4 is in the example described in each case 10 millimeters, which corresponds to a tightening angle between 3 and 4 degrees, which is required for removal of the threshold during manufacture. As initially in connection with the patent CH38434 mentioned, strongly inclined side edges of the threshold had an unfavorable effect on their behavior in the ballast bed. As the figures show, at the edge of the upper surface of the threshold, there is arranged circumferentially a chamfer 10 whose dimensions in the example are about 10 millimeters by 45 degrees. In addition, 9 chamfers are also adjacent to the faces.

Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemässen Eisenbahnschwelle unterscheidet sich vom vorangehend beschriebenen Beispiel nur dadurch, dass die Breite B der Kopfteile 2 450 Millimeter und die Breite E des Mittelteils 7 350 Millimeter beträgt.Another embodiment of the inventive railway sleeper differs itself from the example described above only in that the width B of the head parts 2 450 millimeters and the width E of the middle part 7 is 350 millimeters.

In einem Beispiel eines mit erfindungsgemässen Schwellen ausgestatteten Geleises haben die Kopfteile 2 der Schwellenkörper 1 eine Breite B von 450 Millimeter und die Schwellen haben voneinander einen Abstand von 600 Millimeter, gemessen der Längsachse einer Schwelle zur Längsachse der nächsten Schwelle.In one example of a track equipped with sleepers according to the invention, the head parts 2 of the threshold bodies 1 have a width B of 450 millimeters and the sleepers are spaced apart by 600 millimeters, measured along the longitudinal axis of a threshold to the longitudinal axis of the next threshold.

In einem weiteren Beispiel eines mit erfindungsgemässen Schwellen ausgestatteten Geleises haben die Kopfteile 2 der Schwellenkörper 1 ebenfalls eine Breite B von 450 Millimeter und die Schwellen haben voneinander einen Abstand von 650 Millimeter.In a further example of a rail provided with thresholds according to the invention, the head parts 2 of the sleeper bodies 1 likewise have a width B of 450 millimeters and the sleepers are spaced apart by a distance of 650 millimeters.

In einem dritten, besonders bevorzugten Beispiel eines mit erfindungsgemässen Schwellen ausgestatteten Geleises haben die Kopfteile 2 der Schwellenkörper 1 eine Breite B von 400 Millimeter und die Schwellen haben voneinander einen Abstand von 600 Millimeter. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass solche Geleise mit Stopfmaschinen unterhalten werden können, wie sie für herkömmliche Geleise mit 300 Millimeter breiten Schwellen und einem Schwellenabstand von 600 Millimeter verwendet werden, wobei allenfalls geringfügige Anpassungen der Stopfwerkzeuge vorzunehmen sind.

1
Schwellenkörper
2
Kopfteil
3
Befestigungsbereich
4
Auflagefläche
5
Verbindungsteil
6
Übergangsbereich
7
Mittelteil
8
Dübel
9
Stirnseite
10
Anfasung
A
Länge des Schwellenkörpers
B
Breite des Kopfteils
C
Länge des Kopfteils
D
Länge des Mittelteils
E
Breite des Mittelteils
F
Länge der Kopfteil-Deckfläche
G
Höhe des Kopfteils
H
Höhe des Mittelteils
I
Differenz beim Kopfteil
K
Differenz beim Mittelteil
In a third, particularly preferred example of a rail provided with thresholds according to the invention, the head parts 2 of the sleeper bodies 1 have a width B of 400 millimeters and the sleepers are spaced apart by a distance of 600 millimeters. It has been found that such tracks can be maintained with tamping machines, as they are used for conventional tracks with thresholds of 300 millimeters wide and a threshold distance of 600 millimeters, with at most slight adjustments to the tamping tools.
1
sleeper body
2
headboard
3
fastening area
4
bearing surface
5
connecting part
6
Transition area
7
midsection
8th
dowel
9
front
10
chamfer
A
Length of the threshold body
B
Width of the headboard
C
Length of the headboard
D
Length of the middle part
e
Width of the middle part
F
Length of the headboard top surface
G
Height of the headboard
H
Height of the middle section
I
Difference at the headboard
K
Difference in the middle part

Claims (8)

  1. Railway sleeper made from concrete, comprising an elongate sleeper body (1) which has two head parts (2) spaced at a distance apart from one another, each with a rectangular contour and a mounting region (3) for rails and, connecting the two head parts (2) to one another, a connecting part (5) comprising two transition regions (6) with a tapering contour adjoining the head parts (2) and a middle part (7) connecting the transition regions (6) to one another, characterised in that the width (B) of the heard part (2) is 1 5 to 16 percent of the length (A) of the sleeper body (1) and the length (C) of the head part is 24 to 26 percent of the length (A) of the sleeper body.
  2. Railway sleeper as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the height (G) of the head parts (2) is 35 to 45 percent of the width (B) of the head parts (2).
  3. Railway sleeper as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the middle part (7) has a rectangular contour.
  4. Railway sleeper as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the width (E) of the middle part (7) is 76 to 82 percent of the width of the head parts.
  5. Railway sleeper as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the length (D) of the middle part is 12 to 18 percent of the length (A) of the sleeper body (1).
  6. Railway sleeper as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the height (H) of the middle part (7) is 40 to 47 percent of the width (E) of the middle part (7).
  7. Railway sleeper as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the mounting region (3) has a bed surface (4) for the rail which stands proud of the top face of the head part (2).
  8. Railway sleeper as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the bottom faces of the head parts (2), transition regions (6) and middle part (7) lie in a common plane.
EP05020567A 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Railway sleeper Active EP1767696B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT05020567T ATE427382T1 (en) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 RAILWAY SLEEP
EP05020567A EP1767696B1 (en) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Railway sleeper
ES05020567T ES2326483T3 (en) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 TRAVIESA FOR RAILWAYS.
PL05020567T PL1767696T3 (en) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Railway sleeper
DE502005007005T DE502005007005D1 (en) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Railroad tie

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05020567A EP1767696B1 (en) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Railway sleeper

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1767696A1 EP1767696A1 (en) 2007-03-28
EP1767696B1 true EP1767696B1 (en) 2009-04-01

Family

ID=35589501

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05020567A Active EP1767696B1 (en) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Railway sleeper

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1767696B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE427382T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502005007005D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2326483T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1767696T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107916597A (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-04-17 中冶沈勘秦皇岛工程设计研究总院有限公司 Novel load-carrying prestressed reinforced concrete sleeper and mine underground track transportation rail structure
HUP1800227A2 (en) 2018-06-27 2019-12-30 Robert Csepke Sleeper

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2166732B2 (en) * 2000-09-12 2003-07-01 Plasticos Mondragon Sa SOIL UNDER CONCRETE CONCRETE FOR HIGH SPEED ROADS.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1767696A1 (en) 2007-03-28
DE502005007005D1 (en) 2009-05-14
PL1767696T3 (en) 2010-01-29
ES2326483T3 (en) 2009-10-13
ATE427382T1 (en) 2009-04-15

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