EP3434412B1 - Werkzeugmaschine - Google Patents

Werkzeugmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3434412B1
EP3434412B1 EP17183550.7A EP17183550A EP3434412B1 EP 3434412 B1 EP3434412 B1 EP 3434412B1 EP 17183550 A EP17183550 A EP 17183550A EP 3434412 B1 EP3434412 B1 EP 3434412B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
linear guide
machine tool
clamping device
workpiece clamping
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17183550.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3434412A1 (de
Inventor
Ernst Haueter
Christoph Urfer
Andreas Scheidegger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GF Machining Solutions AG
Original Assignee
GF Machining Solutions AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GF Machining Solutions AG filed Critical GF Machining Solutions AG
Priority to HUE17183550A priority Critical patent/HUE061334T2/hu
Priority to EP17183550.7A priority patent/EP3434412B1/de
Priority to SG10201805932WA priority patent/SG10201805932WA/en
Priority to MX2018008573A priority patent/MX2018008573A/es
Priority to RU2018126515A priority patent/RU2760009C2/ru
Priority to US16/046,356 priority patent/US11292096B2/en
Priority to JP2018140245A priority patent/JP7254459B2/ja
Priority to CN201810843181.2A priority patent/CN109304625A/zh
Publication of EP3434412A1 publication Critical patent/EP3434412A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3434412B1 publication Critical patent/EP3434412B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B23C3/16—Working surfaces curved in two directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/48—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs
    • B23Q1/4852—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/48—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs
    • B23Q1/4852—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B23Q1/4857—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/54—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only
    • B23Q1/5406—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B23Q1/5443—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair and in which the degree of freedom, which belongs to the working surface, is parallel to this surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/08—Protective coverings for parts of machine tools; Splash guards
    • B23Q11/0825—Relatively slidable coverings, e.g. telescopic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2210/00—Machine tools incorporating a specific component
    • B23Q2210/004—Torque motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15713—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle
    • B23Q3/1572—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means
    • B23Q3/15724—Chains or belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15713—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle
    • B23Q3/1572—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means
    • B23Q3/15753—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means the storage means rotating or circulating in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spindle
    • B23Q3/15766—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means the storage means rotating or circulating in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spindle the axis of the stored tools being arranged perpendicularly to the rotating or circulating plane of the storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q39/04—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being arranged to operate simultaneously at different stations, e.g. with an annular work-table moved in steps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/30392—Milling with means to protect operative or machine [e.g., guard, safety device, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
    • Y10T409/305544—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
    • Y10T409/305656—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
    • Y10T409/305768—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation with linear movement of work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
    • Y10T409/305544—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
    • Y10T409/305656—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
    • Y10T409/305824—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation with angular movement of work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/30784—Milling including means to adustably position cutter
    • Y10T409/307896—Milling including means to adustably position cutter with work holder or guide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/30784—Milling including means to adustably position cutter
    • Y10T409/307952—Linear adjustment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1733—Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
    • Y10T483/1748—Tool changer between spindle and matrix
    • Y10T483/1752—Tool changer between spindle and matrix including tool holder pivotable about axis
    • Y10T483/1755—Plural tool holders pivotable about common axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/18—Tool transfer to or from matrix
    • Y10T483/1873—Indexing matrix
    • Y10T483/1891—Chain or belt

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a machine tool according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the document EP1002621A1 shows a similarly constructed machine tool. With this machine, the pivoting movement of the pivoting arm is effected by a spindle drive and a lever mechanism.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a machine tool that is simpler in construction and allows faster pivoting movements of the pivot arm than the known machine.
  • the machine tool requires fewer moving parts for the pivoting movement of the pivoting arm and allows faster pivoting movements than the known machine.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention. This is suitable for machining blade wheels for turbines, so-called “bladed disks", also called “blisks".
  • a first horizontal linear guide 1 and a second horizontal linear guide 2 at a right angle to this are arranged on a machine bed 10 .
  • a workpiece clamping device 3 can be moved horizontally on the first linear guide 1 and can be pivoted about a horizontal pivot axis 4 .
  • a ball screw is provided for the horizontal movement of the workpiece clamping device 3 on the first linear guide 1 .
  • the horizontal movement can be carried out by means of a linear motor.
  • the workpiece clamping device 3 can be rotated about an axis of rotation 5 oriented at right angles to its pivot axis 4 .
  • Disc-shaped blanks for impellers are delivered lying down, for example on pallets.
  • the arrangement and design of the workpiece clamping device 3 allows these blanks to be clamped without tilting, which is particularly advantageous for large and heavy blanks.
  • a swivel arm 6 is arranged on the second linear guide 2 so that it can be moved horizontally and swiveled about a horizontal swivel axis 7 , at the free end of which a tool spindle 8 is arranged.
  • the horizontal movements of the swivel arm 6 on the second linear guide 2 are preferably carried out by a linear motor.
  • the axis 9 of the tool spindle is oriented parallel to the pivot axis 7 .
  • the machine tool according to the invention is a five-axis machine with the translatory axes X, Y and Z and the rotary axes A and B.
  • a special feature is that for a pure displacement of the tool along the Y-axis, a combined circular movement of the tool spindle 8 and linear movement the pivot axis 7 along the linear guide 2 is required.
  • a particular advantage of this design is that the center of gravity of the entire unit that can be moved on the second linear guide 2 is vertically only slightly above the second linear guide 2 and moves only slightly upwards when the tool spindle 8 is moved to its uppermost position. This is in contrast to machine tools of other types, such as the machine EP1509360 , in which a tool spindle is also arranged on a swivel arm, but the swivel arm together with its swivel drive is raised along a vertical linear guide, to bring the tool spindle to an upper position.
  • a high center of gravity favors the occurrence of unwanted vibrations.
  • the direct drive of the swivel arm 6 by a torque motor arranged on the swivel axis 7 allows fast and precise movements of the tool spindle 8.
  • figure 2 shows the same machine as figure 1 , but with additional assemblies, two of which are described in more detail below.
  • Two XY protective covers 11 and 12 separate the work area from the other areas of the machine tool, in particular the linear guides 1 and 2, in order to keep chips, coolants and lubricants in the work area.
  • These XY protective covers can be of a known type with a driver plate 13 and lamellae operatively connected thereto, for example as in EP19861324A1 described.
  • the problem with the machine according to the invention with the pivoting arm 6 is that the part of the tool spindle 8 penetrating the driver plate 13 inevitably executes a rotary motion in the driver plate 13 when the pivoting arm 6 pivots. Therefore, the tool spindle 8 cannot be connected directly to the driver plate 8, but with the interposition of a pivot bearing 14.
  • the visible assembly is a tool chain magazine 15, which is angular or arc-shaped and designed in such a way that a leg 16 with an at least approximately horizontally oriented end is at the top of the work area and a leg 17 with an at least approximately vertically oriented end is in an end facing away from the work area Area behind the first linear guide ends.
  • a tool changer 18 is arranged in the end region of the leg 16 and can be reached via the tool spindle 8 over a short distance.
  • the end area of the leg 17 is designed for loading and emptying the tool chain store 15 and can be easily reached by an operator.
  • FIG 3 shows a section of the bearing of the swivel arm 6 in a sectional view.
  • the latter is driven in the present example by means of an external rotor torque motor.
  • a torque motor stator designated 19 has a stator part 20 connected to it in a torque-proof manner.
  • the slide bearing 22 has a vibration-damping effect due to its oil film (squeeze film damping).

Description

  • Die Erfindung betrifft eine Werkzeugmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.
  • Das Dokument EP1002621A1 zeigt eine ähnlich aufgebaute Werkzeugmaschine. Die Schwenkbewegung des Schwenkarms wird bei dieser Maschine durch einen Spindelantrieb und ein Hebelgetriebe bewirkt.
  • Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Werkzeugmaschine vorzuschlagen, die einfacher aufgebaut ist und schnellere Schwenkbewegungen des Schwenkarmes erlaubt als die bekannte Maschine.
  • Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.
  • Durch die erfindungsgemässe Ausgestaltung benötigt die Werkzeugmaschine für die Schwenkbewegung des Schwenkarmes weniger bewegte Teile und erlaubt schnellere Schwenkbewegungen als die bekannte Maschine.
  • Besondere Ausführungsarten der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen umschrieben.
  • Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die angefügten Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen
    • Figur 1
    eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemässen Werkzeugmaschine;
    Figur 2
    eine ähnliche Ansicht wie Figur 1 mit X-Y-Schutzwänden und einem Werkzeug-Kettenmagazin und
    Figur 3
    eine Schnittansicht der Lagerung und des Antriebs des Schwenkarms.
  • Figur 1 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Ansicht ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemässen Werkzeugmaschine. Diese ist zum spanabhebenden Bearbeiten von Schaufelrädern für Turbinen, so genannten "bladed disks", auch "blisks" genannt, geeignet. Auf einem Maschinenbett 10 ist eine erste horizontale Linearführung 1 und in einem rechten Winkel zu dieser eine zweite horizontale Linearführung 2 angeordnet. Auf der ersten Linearführung 1 ist eine Werkstückspannvorrichtung 3 horizontal verfahrbar und um eine horizontale Schwenkachse 4 schwenkbar angeordnet. Für die Horizontalbewegung der Werkstückspannvorrichtung 3 auf der ersten Linearführung 1 ist beispielsweise eine Kugelumlaufspindel vorgesehen. Alternativ kann die Horizontalbewegung mittels eines Linearmotors ausgeführt werden. Zudem ist die Werkstückspannvorrichtung 3 um eine rechtwinklig zu ihrer Schwenkachse 4 orientierte Drehachse 5 drehbar. Scheibenförmige Rohlinge für Schaufelräder werden liegend angeliefert, beispielsweise auf Paletten. Die Anordnung und Ausgestaltung der Werkstückspannvorrichtung 3 erlaubt es, diese Rohlinge ohne zu kippen aufzuspannen, was bei grossen und schweren Rohlingen besonders vorteilhaft ist.
  • Auf der zweiten Linearführung 2 ist ein Schwenkarm 6 horizontal verfahrbar und um eine horizontale Schwenkachse 7 schwenkbar angeordnet, an dessen freiem Ende eine Werkzeugspindel 8 angeordnet ist. Die Horizontalbewegungen des Schwenkarms 6 auf der zweiten Linearführung 2 werden vorzugsweise durch einen Linearmotor ausgeführt. Die Achse 9 der Werkzeugspindel ist parallel zur Schwenkachse 7 orientiert. Somit ist die erfindungsgemässe Werkzeugmaschine eine fünfachsige Maschine mit den translatorischen Achsen X, Y und Z sowie den rotatorischen Achsen A und B. Eine Besonderheit ist dabei, dass für eine reine Verschiebung des Werkzeugs entlang der Y-Achse eine kombinierte Kreisbewegung der Werkzeugspindel 8 und Linearbewegung der Schwenkachse 7 entlang der Linearführung 2 erforderlich ist. Ein besonderer Vorteil dieser Bauart besteht darin, dass sich der Schwerpunkt der gesamten auf der zweiten Linearführung 2 verfahrbaren Einheit vertikal nur wenig über der zweiten Linearführung 2 befindet und sich nur wenig nach oben bewegt, wenn die Werkzeugspindel 8 in ihre oberste Position gefahren wird. Dies im Gegensatz zu Werkzeugmaschinen anderer Bauart wie beispielsweise der Maschine nach EP1509360 , bei der ebenfalls eine Werkzeugspindel auf einem Schwenkarm angeordnet ist, wobei aber der Schwenkarm mitsamt seinem Schwenkantrieb entlang einer vertikalen Linearführung angehoben wird, um die Werkzeugspindel in eine obere Position zu bringen. Ein hoher Schwerpunkt begünstigt das Auftreten unerwünschter Schwingungen. Der direkte Antrieb des Schwenkarms 6 durch einen auf der Schwenkachse 7 angeordneten Torque-Motor erlaubt schnelle und präzise Bewegungen der Werkzeugspindel 8.
  • Figur 2 zeigt die gleiche Maschine wie Figur 1, jedoch mit zusätzlichen Baugruppen, von denen zwei nachstehend näher beschrieben werden. Zwei X-Y-Schutzabdeckungen 11 und 12 trennen den Arbeitsraum von den übrigen Bereichen der Werkzeugmaschine, insbesondere den Linearführungen 1 und 2 ab, um Späne sowie Kühl- und Schmiermittel im Arbeitsraum zu halten. Diese X-Y-Schutzabdeckungen können von bekannter Bauart mit einer Mitnehmerplatte 13 und damit wirkverbundenen Lamellen sein, beispielsweise wie in EP19861324A1 beschrieben. Bei der erfindungsgemässen Maschine mit dem Schwenkarm 6 besteht nun das Problem, dass der die Mitnehmerplatte 13 durchdringende Teil der Werkzeugspindel 8 mit dem Verschwenken des Schwenkarms 6 zwangsläufig in der Mitnehmerplatte 13 eine Drehbewegung ausführt. Daher kann die Werkzeugspindel 8 nicht direkt mit der Mitnehmerplatte 8 verbunden sein, sondern unter Zwischenschaltung eines Drehlagers 14.
  • Eine weitere, in Figur 2 sichtbare Baugruppe ist ein Werkzeug-Kettenmagazin 15, das winkel- oder bogenförmig ausgebildet und so ausgebildet ist, dass ein Schenkel 16 mit einem zumindest annähern horizontal orientierten Ende oben im Arbeitsbereich und ein Schenkel 17 mit einem zumindest annähern vertikal orientierten Ende in einem vom Arbeitsbereich abgewandten Bereich hinter der ersten Linearführung endet. Im Endbereich des Schenkels 16 ist ein Werkzeugwechsler 18 angeordnet, der durch die Werkzeugspindel 8 auf kurzem Weg erreichbar ist. Der Endbereich des Schenkels 17 ist zum Beschicken und Entleeren des Werkzeug-Kettenspeichers 15 ausgebildet und durch eine Bedienungsperson gut erreichbar.
  • Figur 3 zeigt in einer geschnittenen Ansicht einen Ausschnitt der Lagerung des Schwenkarms 6. Letzterer ist im vorliegenden Beispiel mittels eines Aussenläufer-Torque-Motors angetrieben. Ein mit 19 bezeichneter Torque-Motor-Stator hat einem mit ihm drehfest verbundenen Stator-Teil 20. Ein Torque-Motor-Rotor 21 ist zusätzlich durch ein ölgeschmiertes Gleitlager 22 am Stator-Teil 20 abgestützt. Das Gleitlager 22 wirkt durch seinen Ölfilm schwingungsdämpfend (squeeze film damping).
    • Bezugszeichenliste
    • X
    X-Achse
    Y
    Y-Achse
    Z
    Z-Achse
    A
    A-Achse
    B
    B-Achse
    1
    erste Linearführung
    2
    zweite Linearführung
    3
    Werkstückspannvorrichtung
    4
    Schwenkachse WZ-Spannvorr.
    5
    Drehachse
    6
    Schwenkarm
    7
    Schwenkachse Schwenkarm
    8
    Werkzeugspindel
    9
    Achse der Werkzeugspindel
    10
    Maschinenbett
    11
    X-Y-Schutzabdeckung
    12
    Z-Schutzabdeckung
    13
    Mitnehmerplatte
    14
    Drehlager
    15
    Werkzeug-Kettenmagazin
    16
    horizontaler Schenkel
    17
    vertikaler Schenkel
    18
    Werkzeugwechsler
    19
    Torque-Motor-Stator
    20
    Stator-Teil
    21
    Torque-Motor-Rotor
    22
    Gleitlager

Claims (7)

  1. Werkzeugmaschine zum spanabhebenden Bearbeiten von Schaufelrädern für Turbinen enthaltend ein Maschinenbett (10) mit einer ersten horizontalen Linearführung (1) und einer rechtwinklig zur ersten Linearführung (1) angeordneten zweiten horizontalen Linearführung (2), wobei auf der ersten Linearführung (1) eine Werkstückspannvorrichtung (3) axial verschiebbar angeordnet ist, die um eine parallel zur zweiten Linearführung (2) orientierte Schwenkachse (4) schwenkbar und um eine rechtwinklig zur Schwenkachse (4) orientierte Drehachse (5) drehbar ist, wobei auf der zweiten Linearführung (2) ein Schwenkarm (6) axial verschiebbar ist, dessen Schwenkachse (7) parallel zur ersten Linearführung (1) angeordnet ist und der an seinem freien Ende eine Werkzeugspindel (8) trägt, deren Achse (9) parallel zur ersten Linearführung (1) orientiert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwenkarm (6) mittels eines auf seiner Schwenkachse (7) angeordneten Torque-Motors schwenkbar ist.
  2. Werkzeugmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die axiale Verschiebung der Werkstückspannvorrichtung (3) auf der ersten Linearführung (1) und/oder die axiale Verschiebung des Schwenkarms (6) auf der zweiten Linearführung (2) ein Linearmotor vorhanden ist.
  3. Werkzeugmaschine nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die Schwenkbewegung und die Drehbewegung der Werkstückspannvorrichtung (3) jeweils ein Torque-Motor vorhanden ist.
  4. Werkzeugmaschine nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass parallel zur zweiten Linearführung (2) auf der der Werkstückspannvorrichtung (3) zugewandten Seite eine X-Y-Schutzabdeckung (11) mit einer Mitnehmerplatte (13) angeordnet ist, in der ein das werkzeugseitige Ende der Werkzeugspindel (8) umgebendes Drehlager (14) aufgenommen ist.
  5. Werkzeugmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass parallel zur zweiten Linearführung (2) auf der der Werkstückspannvorrichtung (3) zugewandten Seite ein winkel- oder bogenförmiges Werkzeug-Kettenmagazin (15) mit einem etwa horizontal angeordneten Schenkel (16) und einem etwa vertikal angeordneten Schenkel (17) angeordnet ist und dass am freien Ende des etwa horizontalen Schenkels (16) ein Werkzeugwechsler (18) angeordnet ist.
  6. Werkzeugmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Schwenkarm (6) um eine Schwenkachse (7) schwenkbar ist und an seinem freien Ende eine Werkzeugspindel (8) trägt, und der Schwenkarm (6) mittels eines Torque-Motors (19, 20, 21) direkt antreibbar ist und ein zwischen dem Stator (20) und dem Rotor (21) wirkendes Gleitlager (22) mit Öldämpfung angeordnet ist.
  7. Werkzeugmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Torque-Motor (19, 20, 21) einen aussenliegenden Rotor (21) und einen innenliegenden Stator (19, 20) hat.
EP17183550.7A 2017-07-27 2017-07-27 Werkzeugmaschine Active EP3434412B1 (de)

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HUE17183550A HUE061334T2 (hu) 2017-07-27 2017-07-27 Szerszámgép
EP17183550.7A EP3434412B1 (de) 2017-07-27 2017-07-27 Werkzeugmaschine
SG10201805932WA SG10201805932WA (en) 2017-07-27 2018-07-10 Machine tool
MX2018008573A MX2018008573A (es) 2017-07-27 2018-07-11 Maquina herramienta.
RU2018126515A RU2760009C2 (ru) 2017-07-27 2018-07-18 Обрабатывающий станок
US16/046,356 US11292096B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2018-07-26 Machine tool
JP2018140245A JP7254459B2 (ja) 2017-07-27 2018-07-26 工作機械
CN201810843181.2A CN109304625A (zh) 2017-07-27 2018-07-27 机床

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SG10201805932WA (en) 2019-02-27
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US11292096B2 (en) 2022-04-05
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MX2018008573A (es) 2019-02-08

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