EP3414406B1 - Composite heat insulation system that can be dismantled and method for the production and removal thereof - Google Patents
Composite heat insulation system that can be dismantled and method for the production and removal thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3414406B1 EP3414406B1 EP17705794.0A EP17705794A EP3414406B1 EP 3414406 B1 EP3414406 B1 EP 3414406B1 EP 17705794 A EP17705794 A EP 17705794A EP 3414406 B1 EP3414406 B1 EP 3414406B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- thermal insulation
- layer
- reinforcement layer
- insulation system
- reinforcement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 130
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 141
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
- E04B1/7629—Details of the mechanical connection of the insulation to the wall
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
- E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thermal insulation composite system, comprising at least one thermal insulation layer, at least one base plaster layer applied to the thermal insulation layer, at least one reinforcement layer embedded or applied in or on the base plaster layer, and at least one final coating which closes the thermal insulation composite system to the outside.
- the invention relates to a demountable and / or recyclable composite thermal insulation system and its production.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a thermal insulation composite system, in particular a dismantled and / or recyclable thermal insulation composite system, preferably on a building wall, a thermal insulation layer being applied to a sub-surface, in particular a building wall, then a base coat being applied to the thermal insulation layer, then in or a reinforcing layer is embedded and / or applied to the base plaster layer and a final coating is applied to the outside at the end of the thermal insulation composite system.
- the term building wall can refer in particular to a floor surface, a roof surface and / or a wall surface of a building.
- the invention also relates to a method for removing a composite thermal insulation system mounted on a building wall from the building wall.
- U1 is an insulation board with an insulation layer for thermal insulation of the outer walls of buildings is known, wherein a grid is anchored on the outer sides of the insulation layer that has support rings that are connected by webs and wherein a shoulder is formed in each of the support rings.
- the reinforcement layer - especially also in the finished (ie installed) state - has at least one protruding part and / or a point of attack around the reinforcement layer a force transmission to the protruding part and / or the point of attack together with the plaster layer / plaster layers surrounding the reinforcement layer, in particular the base plaster layer and / or the top coating, of being able to detach from the thermal insulation layer attached to a substrate.
- the subsurface is a building wall, in particular a wall made of masonry or concrete, or an existing thermal insulation composite system, or at least the insulation material layer thereof, on masonry or concrete.
- the structure of the thermal insulation composite system according to the invention makes it possible to separate the assembled layers of the thermal insulation composite system from one another almost without residue, so that they can be returned to the material cycle.
- the reinforcement layer together with the base plaster layer and all other layers applied to the base plaster layer can be removed, in particular removed, from the thermal insulation layer. It can be provided that the plaster that crumbles as a result is collected, so that it can also be recycled.
- thermal insulation layer is not glued or glued to the substrate in the assembled state. It can be particularly advantageous if the thermal insulation layer is attached or attachable to the substrate in the assembled state, in particular exclusively by means of pin-like, preferably detachable and / or non-temperature-conductive, connecting elements.
- Suitable connecting elements can be, for example, screws, nails and / or rivets.
- the connecting elements are preferably arranged recessed, so that an outwardly projecting side of each connecting element ends flat with a surface of the thermal insulation layer.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the thermal insulation composite system according to the invention can provide that the reinforcement layer is made of a fabric, in particular a tear-resistant fabric. It can be particularly advantageous if the reinforcement layer is made of a glass fiber fabric. In order to achieve the best possible power transmission and a uniform detachment of the reinforcement layer from the thermal insulation layer, it can be advantageous if the reinforcement layer is at least partially made of one fabric sheet or several fabric sheets.
- detachment is preferably carried out along the substrate to which the thermal insulation composite system is applied, and the force or force transmission is preferably at an angle of at least 10 or 20 or 30 or 40 or 50 or more degrees relative to the surface of the substrate, in particular essentially perpendicular to it.
- At least one dimension of the reinforcement layer is larger in at least one direction than the corresponding dimension in this direction of at least one or all of the other layers of the thermal insulation composite system.
- at least a part of the reinforcement layer protrudes in the assembled state relative to at least one of the other layers of the thermal insulation composite system.
- at least the protruding part and / or the point of attack of the reinforcement layer is not embedded or applied in or on the base plaster layer in the assembled state of the thermal insulation composite system.
- At least the protruding part and / or the point of attack can thus be easier, in particular with a tool, grip or reach to transmit a force, in particular a tensile force, to the reinforcement layer. It can be particularly advantageous if the projecting part and / or the point of attack of the reinforcement layer is / are arranged at one end of a reinforcement layer designed as a fabric web.
- a particularly stable and yet easy to dismantle design of the thermal insulation composite system according to the invention can provide that the base coat layer has a total layer thickness between 3 mm and 10 mm, in particular between 5 mm and 8 mm.
- the thermal insulation composite system according to the invention can therefore have the advantage over previously known thermal insulation composite systems that all components of the thermal insulation composite system attached to the substrate in the assembled state can be dismantled and / or recycled. It can be particularly advantageous if the thermal insulation layer is at least partially made of mineral wool.
- thermo insulation layer is not attached to the substrate by gluing and / or, preferably exclusively, is attached to the substrate by means of pin-like, in particular detachable and / or non-temperature-conductive, connecting elements.
- the subsurface is a building wall.
- Particularly suitable connecting elements can, for example Screws, nails and / or rivets.
- the thermal insulation layer is not attached to the substrate in a cohesive manner, the thermal insulation layer can be removed from the substrate completely without any residue, should it be necessary to dismantle a composite thermal insulation system produced by the method according to the invention.
- This has the advantage that time-consuming removal of the bonded thermal insulation layer is eliminated and the individual components of the thermal insulation composite system produced by the method according to the invention can be separated more easily.
- the reinforcement layer is mounted so that it protrudes in at least one area relative to the thermal insulation layer and / or the base plaster layer or all layers of the thermal insulation composite system. It can be advantageous if the point of attack is formed by the protruding part. A tensile force can be exerted on the reinforcement layer by the point of attack and / or the protruding part. This can be done, for example, with tools and / or only with the hands.
- the base plaster layer first a first partial layer thereof is applied, then the reinforcing layer is applied to the first partial layer, and then the second partial layer is applied to the reinforcing layer, as a result of which the reinforcing layer is embedded between the two sub-layers of the base plaster layer.
- the subsurface is first provided with boreholes, a dowel is inserted therein and the thermal insulation layer is fastened to the subsurface with screws screwed into the dowel becomes.
- the screws used are not designed to be thermally conductive, for example by coating or using a non-thermally conductive material such as plastic.
- the screws can be or are countersunk.
- the reinforcement layer is attached to the substrate in such a way that its roof-side end and / or its floor-side end protrudes.
- the projecting part is covered by a roof edge and / or by a base finish.
- a wall of a building or a part thereof which has a window is to be insulated, it may be expedient if one or the protruding part of the reinforcement layer is in a section of the substrate with a window under a window sill and / or or is arranged in a roller shutter box. In particular, it can be expedient if the protruding part of the reinforcement layer is covered by it.
- the base plaster is applied in a total layer thickness between 3 mm and 10 mm, in particular between 5 mm and 8 mm.
- the thermal insulation layer is at least partially made of mineral wool.
- the reinforcement layer of a thermal insulation composite system is of crucial importance for the quality of the entire insulation system. As a rule, it ensures a flat distribution of stresses from the plaster, which, for example, prevents cracks in the base plaster layer and / or the top coat. These cracks can arise, for example, if the individual plaster layers of the thermal insulation composite system harden at different speeds, causing tensile stresses with a corresponding risk of cracking.
- the reinforcement layer takes on a further task. In addition to the purpose already mentioned, it serves to be able to remove plaster layers applied to the thermal insulation layer almost without residue, should it be necessary to dismantle a thermal insulation composite system produced in this way.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention can therefore provide that the reinforcement layer is made of a fabric, in particular a tear-resistant fabric.
- the reinforcing layer is preferably at least partially made from fabric webs.
- a particularly suitable fabric can be, for example, a glass fiber fabric.
- the invention also relates to a method for removing a thermal insulation composite system mounted on a substrate according to independent claim 15, in particular an inventive thermal insulation composite system as described and claimed here and / or a thermal insulation composite system produced by the method according to the invention, as described and claimed here, from the substrate .
- a force in particular a tensile force
- all of the plaster layers surrounding the reinforcement layer are detached from an underlying thermal insulation layer of the composite thermal insulation system.
- a heat insulation layer applied to the substrate in particular completely, can be separated from a base plaster layer and / or adhesive layer applied to this heat insulation layer.
- one or the thermal insulation layer is removed from the substrate by loosening one or more connecting elements, in particular is removed without residue.
- the connecting elements can be, for example, screws, nails and / or rivets.
- FIG. 1 to 3 shows a specific embodiment of a thermal insulation composite system, which is designated as a whole as 1.
- the composite thermal insulation system 1 is attached to a substrate.
- the subsurface here is a building wall 8, which consists of masonry.
- the thermal insulation composite system 1 has a thermal insulation layer 2, which can be fixed or fixed by screwing onto the building wall 8.
- the building wall was provided with boreholes in which dowels 11 were inserted or can be used.
- the thermal insulation layer 2 is fixed or fixable by screwing the screws 10 into the dowels 11 through the thermal insulation layer on the building wall 8.
- a first sub-layer 12 of a base coat 3 is applied to the thermal insulation layer 2.
- a reinforcement layer 4 is applied to the first sub-layer 12 of the base plaster layer 3.
- the reinforcement layer is thus embedded in the base render layer 3 by a second sub-layer 13 of the base render layer 3, which is applied to the reinforcement layer 14.
- a final coating 5 is also applied to the base plaster layer 3, which serves to seal off the thermal insulation composite system 1 from the outside.
- the top coat 5 can be a suitable finishing coat, for example.
- the reinforcement layer 4 of the thermal insulation composite system 1 according to the invention has at least one protruding part 6.
- the protruding part 6 forms in the embodiment according to the Figures 1 to 3 an attack point 7.
- the reinforcement layer 4 with together with the plaster layers 3, 5 surrounding the reinforcement layer 4 are detached from the thermal insulation layer 2 attached to the building wall 8.
- the thermal insulation layer 2 is in the assembled state, as in Figure 1 can be seen, fixed or fixable only by means of the connecting elements 9 designed as screws 10 on the building wall.
- the connecting elements 9 designed as screws 10 on the building wall.
- there is no cohesive connection such as by gluing, for example, in the composite thermal insulation system 1 according to the invention.
- the detachable connecting elements 9 can therefore be easily removed if necessary, whereby the fixing of the thermal insulation layer to the building wall can be removed.
- the reinforcing fabric 4 is in the embodiment according to the Figures 1 to 3 from a tear-resistant fabric.
- a suitable fabric can be, for example, a glass fiber fabric.
- the fabric is designed as a continuous fabric web, so that it can be pulled off as a whole, in particular along an overall extent of the building wall 8.
- the longitudinal dimension of the reinforcement layer 4 designed as a fabric web is longer than the corresponding dimension of all other layers 2, 3, 5 of the thermal insulation composite system 1 and / or Building wall 8. Therefore, the point of attack 7 of the reinforcement layer 4 is not embedded or applied in or on the base plaster layer 3 in the assembled state.
- the total layer thickness 16 of the base plaster layer 3 is between 5 mm and 8 mm.
- thermal insulation composite system 1 All components of the thermal insulation composite system 1 attached to the building wall 8 in the assembled state can be dismantled and / or recycled.
- the thermal insulation layer 2 is at least partially made of mineral wool. Furthermore, it may be expedient if the thermal insulation layer 2 is formed from a plurality of mutually adjacent insulation panels.
- FIG 3 it is shown how the armoring layer 4, together with all the plaster layers 3, 5 surrounding the armoring layer 4, is pulled or can be removed from the thermal insulation layer 2 fixed or fixable to the building wall 8 by the action of force on the armoring layer 4 at the point of attack 7.
- an almost complete removal of all plaster layers from the thermal insulation layer 2 can be achieved, so that the individual components of the thermal insulation composite system 1 according to the invention are easier to separate and can thus be returned to the material cycle.
- the protruding part 6 is arranged at one end, in particular at a longitudinally located end, of the reinforcement layer 4. It can further be provided that the reinforcement layer 4 has two or more points of attack 7. As in the Figures 1 to 3 can be seen, the reinforcement layer 4 has an attack point 7 arranged at the roof-side end 17 and at the bottom-side end 18.
- the attack points 7 designed as a protruding part 6 can be covered, for example, by a roof edge and a plinth end, or they can be covered. It can also be provided that this is in the area of a window are arranged or can be arranged under a window sill and / or on or in a roller shutter box and are covered or can be covered.
- the thermal insulation composite system 1 can be completely removed from the building wall 8 by loosening the connecting elements 9 and removing the thermal insulation layer 2. Due to the construction of the thermal insulation composite system 1 according to the invention, it is also possible to separate the individual components of the thermal insulation composite system 1 from one another almost without residue, so that little or no special waste arises when the thermal insulation composite system 1 according to the invention is disposed of.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wärmedämmverbundsystem, umfassend wenigstens eine Wärmedämmstoffschicht, wenigstens eine auf die Wärmedämmstoffschicht aufgetragene Grundputzschicht, wenigstens eine in oder auf die Grundputzschicht eingebettete oder aufgebrachte Armierungsschicht und wenigstens eine das Wärmedämmverbundsystem nach außen hin abschließende Schlussbeschichtung. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung ein rückbaufähiges und/oder recyclingfähiges Wärmedämmverbundsystem sowie dessen Herstellung.The invention relates to a thermal insulation composite system, comprising at least one thermal insulation layer, at least one base plaster layer applied to the thermal insulation layer, at least one reinforcement layer embedded or applied in or on the base plaster layer, and at least one final coating which closes the thermal insulation composite system to the outside. In particular, the invention relates to a demountable and / or recyclable composite thermal insulation system and its production.
Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems, insbesondere eines rückbaufähigen und/oder recyclingfähigen Wärmedämmverbundsystems, vorzugsweise an einer Gebäudewandung, wobei auf eine Untergrundfläche, insbesondere eine Gebäudewandung, eine Wärmedämmstoffschicht aufgebracht wird, anschließend auf die Wärmedämmstoffschicht eine Grundputzschicht aufgetragen wird, dann in oder auf die Grundputzschicht eine Armierungsschicht eingebettet und/oder aufgebracht wird und zum Abschluss des Wärmedämmverbundsystems nach außen hin eine Schlussbeschichtung aufgetragen wird. Der Begriff Gebäudewandung kann sich im Kontext der Erfindung insbesondere auf eine Bodenfläche, eine Dachfläche und/oder eine Wandfläche eines Gebäudes beziehen.The invention also relates to a method for producing a thermal insulation composite system, in particular a dismantled and / or recyclable thermal insulation composite system, preferably on a building wall, a thermal insulation layer being applied to a sub-surface, in particular a building wall, then a base coat being applied to the thermal insulation layer, then in or a reinforcing layer is embedded and / or applied to the base plaster layer and a final coating is applied to the outside at the end of the thermal insulation composite system. In the context of the invention, the term building wall can refer in particular to a floor surface, a roof surface and / or a wall surface of a building.
Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung auch ein Verfahren zum Entfernen eines an einer Gebäudewandung montierten Wärmedämmverbundsystems von der Gebäudewandung.Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for removing a composite thermal insulation system mounted on a building wall from the building wall.
Das Thema Energieeinsparung ist nicht erst seit der Energiewende bedeutsam geworden. Um Gebäude energie- und ressourceneffizienter Beheizen zu können, wurde in den letzten Jahren viel in die Wärmedämmung von Gebäuden investiert. So wurde beispielsweise durch die Aufbringung von Wärmedämmverbundsystemen auf die Außenseiten von Gebäudewandungen erreicht, dass sich der Transmissionswärmeverlust verringert hat. In der Regel wurden hierzu konventionelle Wärmedämmverbundsysteme verwendet, die zwar eine adäquate Wärmedämmung der Gebäude erreichen lassen, doch welche bisher weniger beachtete entscheidende Nachteile mit sich bringen. Insbesondere blieb bisher nahezu unbeachtet, dass es sich bei vielen dieser bisher verwendeten Wärmedämmverbundsysteme nach deren Rückbau, beispielsweise nach Ablauf ihrer vorgesehenen Nutzungsphase, um nicht recyclingfähigen Sondermüll handelt. Eine Rückführung der zur Ausbildung dieser konventionellen Wärmedämmverbundsysteme eingesetzten Baustoffe in den Wertstoffkreislauf ist in der Regel unwirtschaftlich oder schlichtweg nicht mehr möglich. Zum einen sind die eingesetzten Baustoffe selbst häufig nicht recyclingfähig und zum anderen werden die Baustoffe häufig derart miteinander verbunden, insbesondere verklebt, so dass eine Trennung in die möglicherweise recyclingfähigen Einzelbaustoffe nicht mehr zu erreichen ist. Aus diesem Grund können besonders für die Entsorgung rückgebauter konventioneller Wärmedämmverbundsysteme hohe Kosten entstehen. Darüber hinaus verhindert die Zusammensetzung dieser konventionellen Wärmedämmverbundsysteme einen schonenden und umweltfreundlichen Umgang mit bestehenden Ressourcen. Außerdem steht dieser Umgang mit Abfallstoffen rückgebauter, konventioneller Wärmedämmverbundsysteme im Widerspruch zu den in Deutschland durch das Kreislaufwirtschaftsgesetz (KrWG) und die Abfallverzeichnisverordnung (AVV) festgelegten Regeln.The topic of energy saving has not only become important since the energy transition. In order to be able to heat buildings in an energy- and resource-efficient manner, a lot has been invested in the thermal insulation of buildings in recent years. For example, applying thermal insulation composite systems to the outside of building walls has reduced the heat loss in transmission. As a rule, conventional thermal insulation composite systems were used for this purpose, which, although adequate thermal insulation of the buildings can be achieved, bring with them decisive disadvantages that have so far been neglected. In particular, it has so far been largely overlooked that many of these previously used composite thermal insulation systems are non-recyclable hazardous waste after they have been dismantled, for example after their intended use phase has expired. It is generally uneconomical or simply no longer possible to return the building materials used to form these conventional composite thermal insulation systems to the recycling cycle. On the one hand, the building materials themselves are often not recyclable and, on the other hand, the building materials are often connected to one another, in particular glued, so that a separation into the possibly recyclable individual building materials can no longer be achieved. For this reason, high costs can arise, particularly for the disposal of dismantled conventional thermal insulation composite systems. In addition, the composition of these conventional composite thermal insulation systems prevents careful and environmentally friendly use of existing resources. This handling of waste materials from dismantled, conventional thermal insulation composite systems also stands out in contradiction to the rules laid down in Germany by the Waste Management Act (KrWG) and the Waste List Ordinance (AVV).
Aus der
Mittlerweile wurden diese Nachteile konventioneller Wärmedämmverbundsysteme allerdings auch von der Industrie und von politischer Seite her erkannt. Ein Bericht des Fraunhofer-Instituts für Bauphysik (IBP-Bericht BBHB 019/2014/281), welcher im Auftrag des Fachverbandes Wärmedämm-Verbundsysteme e.V. erstellt wurde, stellt daher die Zielsetzung auf, Forschungsvorhaben zu initiieren, um ökologisch, ökonomisch und technisch sinnvolle Maßnahmen zur stofflichen und energetischen Wiederverwertung von Bestandteilen von Wärmedämmverbundsystemen nach einem Rückbau für deren Trennung zu entwickeln.In the meantime, these disadvantages of conventional composite thermal insulation systems have also been recognized by industry and politicians. A report by the Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics (IBP report BBHB 019/2014/281), which was drawn up on behalf of the Association for Thermal Insulation Compound Systems, therefore sets the goal of initiating research projects on environmentally, economically and technically sensible measures to develop the material and energetic recycling of components of thermal insulation composite systems after dismantling for their separation.
Es besteht daher die Aufgabe ein rückbaufähiges und/oder trennbares Wärmedämmverbundsystem zu schaffen.There is therefore the task of creating a demountable and / or separable thermal insulation composite system.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei dem Wärmedämmverbundsystem der eingangs erwähnten Art durch die Merkmale gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Insbesondere wird erfindungsgemäß zur Lösung der Aufgabe vorgeschlagen, dass die Armierungsschicht - besonders auch im fertig verarbeiteten (also eingebauten) Zustand - zumindest einen überstehenden Teil und/oder eine Angriffsstelle aufweist, um die Armierungsschicht mittels einer Kraftübertragung auf das überstehende Teil und/oder die Angriffsstelle mitsamt der/den die Armierungsschicht umgebenden Putzschicht/Putzschichten, insbesondere der Grundputzschicht und/oder der Schlussbeschichtung, von der an einem Untergrund befestigten Wärmedämmstoffschicht ablösen zu können.This object is achieved in the thermal insulation composite system of the type mentioned by the features according to
Insbesondere kann erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein, dass der Untergrund eine Gebäudewandung, insbesondere eine Mauer aus Mauerwerk oder Beton, oder ein bereits vorhandenes Wärmedämmungsverbundsystem, oder wenigstens die Dämmmaterialschicht davon, auf Mauerwerk oder Beton, ist. Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau des Wärmedämmverbundsystems ist es möglich, die montierten Schichten des Wärmedämmverbundsystems nahezu rückstandslos voneinander zu trennen, so dass diese in den Wertstoffkreislauf zurückführbar sind. Durch die Kraftübertragung auf das überstehende Teil und/oder die Angriffsstelle, insbesondere durch Verwendung eines Werkzeugs, kann die Armierungsschicht mitsamt der Grundputzschicht und aller weiteren auf die Grundputzschicht aufgetragenen Schichten von der Wärmedämmstoffschicht abgetragen, insbesondere abgezogen, werden. Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass der dadurch abbröckelnde Putz aufgefangen wird, wodurch dieser ebenfalls recyclebar ist.In particular, it can be provided according to the invention that the subsurface is a building wall, in particular a wall made of masonry or concrete, or an existing thermal insulation composite system, or at least the insulation material layer thereof, on masonry or concrete. The structure of the thermal insulation composite system according to the invention makes it possible to separate the assembled layers of the thermal insulation composite system from one another almost without residue, so that they can be returned to the material cycle. By transferring the force to the protruding part and / or the point of attack, in particular by using a tool, the reinforcement layer together with the base plaster layer and all other layers applied to the base plaster layer can be removed, in particular removed, from the thermal insulation layer. It can be provided that the plaster that crumbles as a result is collected, so that it can also be recycled.
Um eine besonders einfache Ablösung der Wärmedämmstoffschicht von dem Untergrund zu ermöglichen, kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn die Wärmedämmstoffschicht im Montagezustand nicht mit dem Untergrund verklebt oder verklebbar ist. Besonders vorteilhaft kann es dabei sein, wenn die Wärmedämmstoffschicht im Montagezustand, insbesondere ausschließlich mittels stiftartigen, vorzugsweise lösbaren und/oder nicht temperaturleitfähigen, Verbindungselementen an dem Untergrund angebracht oder anbringbar ist. Geeignete Verbindungselemente können beispielsweise Schrauben, Nägel und/oder Nieten sein. Vorzugsweise sind die Verbindungselemente versenkt angeordnet, so dass eine nach außen ragende Seite jedes Verbindungselements mit einer Oberfläche der Wärmedämmstoffschicht eben abschließt.In order to enable a particularly simple detachment of the thermal insulation layer from the substrate, it can be expedient if the thermal insulation layer is not glued or glued to the substrate in the assembled state. It can be particularly advantageous if the thermal insulation layer is attached or attachable to the substrate in the assembled state, in particular exclusively by means of pin-like, preferably detachable and / or non-temperature-conductive, connecting elements. Suitable connecting elements can be, for example, screws, nails and / or rivets. The connecting elements are preferably arranged recessed, so that an outwardly projecting side of each connecting element ends flat with a surface of the thermal insulation layer.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmverbundsystems kann vorsehen, dass die Armierungsschicht aus einem Gewebe, insbesondere aus einem reißfesten Gewebe, ausgestaltet ist. Dabei kann es besonders vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Armierungsschicht aus einem Glasfasergewebe ausgestaltet ist. Um einen möglichst guten Kraftübertrag und ein gleichmäßiges Ablösen der Armierungsschicht von der Wärmedämmstoffschicht zu erreichen, kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Armierungsschicht zumindest teilweise aus einer Gewebebahn oder mehreren Gewebebahnen hergestellt ist.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the thermal insulation composite system according to the invention can provide that the reinforcement layer is made of a fabric, in particular a tear-resistant fabric. It can be particularly advantageous if the reinforcement layer is made of a glass fiber fabric. In order to achieve the best possible power transmission and a uniform detachment of the reinforcement layer from the thermal insulation layer, it can be advantageous if the reinforcement layer is at least partially made of one fabric sheet or several fabric sheets.
Das Ablösen erfolgt erfindungsgemäß vorzugsweise entlang des mit dem Wärmedämmverbundsystem beaufschlagten Untergrundes, die Krafteinwirkung oder Kraftübertragung vorzugsweise in einem Winkel von mindestens 10 oder 20 oder 30 oder 40 oder 50 oder mehr Grad relativ zur Fläche des Untergrundes, insbesondere im Wesentlichen senkrecht dazu.According to the invention, detachment is preferably carried out along the substrate to which the thermal insulation composite system is applied, and the force or force transmission is preferably at an angle of at least 10 or 20 or 30 or 40 or 50 or more degrees relative to the surface of the substrate, in particular essentially perpendicular to it.
Zur Vereinfachung des Entfernens der Armierungsschicht kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn zumindest eine Abmessung der Armierungsschicht in zumindest einer Richtung größer ist, als die entsprechende Abmessung in dieser Richtung von zumindest einer oder allen übrigen Schichten des Wärmedämmverbundsystems. Insbesondere kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn zumindest ein Teil der Armierungsschicht im Montagezustand relativ zu zumindest einer der weiteren Schichten des Wärmdämmverbundsystems übersteht. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn zumindest der überstehende Teil und/oder die Angriffsstelle der Armierungsschicht im Montagezustand des Wärmedämmverbundsystems nicht in oder auf die Grundputzschicht eingebettet oder aufgebracht ist. Somit lässt sich zumindest der überstehende Teil und/oder die Angriffsstelle leichter, insbesondere mit einem Werkzeug, greifen oder erreichen, um eine Kraft, insbesondere eine Zugkraft, auf die Armierungsschicht zu übertragen. Besonders vorteilhaft kann es dabei sein, wenn der überstehende Teil und/oder die Angriffsstelle der Armierungsschicht an einem Ende einer als Gewebebahn ausgestalteten Armierungsschicht angeordnet ist/sind.To simplify the removal of the reinforcement layer, it can be expedient if at least one dimension of the reinforcement layer is larger in at least one direction than the corresponding dimension in this direction of at least one or all of the other layers of the thermal insulation composite system. In particular, it can be advantageous if at least a part of the reinforcement layer protrudes in the assembled state relative to at least one of the other layers of the thermal insulation composite system. As an alternative or in addition, it can be advantageous if at least the protruding part and / or the point of attack of the reinforcement layer is not embedded or applied in or on the base plaster layer in the assembled state of the thermal insulation composite system. At least the protruding part and / or the point of attack can thus be easier, in particular with a tool, grip or reach to transmit a force, in particular a tensile force, to the reinforcement layer. It can be particularly advantageous if the projecting part and / or the point of attack of the reinforcement layer is / are arranged at one end of a reinforcement layer designed as a fabric web.
Eine besonders stabile und dennoch einfach rückbaubare Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmverbundsystems kann vorsehen, dass die Grundputzschicht eine Gesamtschichtdicke zwischen 3 mm und 10 mm, insbesondere zwischen 5 mm und 8 mm aufweist.A particularly stable and yet easy to dismantle design of the thermal insulation composite system according to the invention can provide that the base coat layer has a total layer thickness between 3 mm and 10 mm, in particular between 5 mm and 8 mm.
Das erfindungsgemäße Wärmedämmverbundsystem kann also den Vorteil gegenüber vorbekannten Wärmedämmverbundsystemen haben, dass alle Bestandteile des im Montagezustand an dem Untergrund angebrachten Wärmedämmverbundsystems rückbaufähig und/oder recyclingfähig sind. Dabei kann es insbesondere vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Wärmedämmstoffschicht zumindest teilweise aus Mineralwolle hergestellt ist.The thermal insulation composite system according to the invention can therefore have the advantage over previously known thermal insulation composite systems that all components of the thermal insulation composite system attached to the substrate in the assembled state can be dismantled and / or recycled. It can be particularly advantageous if the thermal insulation layer is at least partially made of mineral wool.
Eine weitere Lösung der zuvor genannten zugrundeliegenden Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmalskombination des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens nach Anspruch 7 bereitgestellt. Insbesondere wird erfindungsgemäß zur Lösung der zuvor genannten Aufgabe vorgeschlagen, dass die Wärmedämmstoffschicht nicht durch Verkleben an dem Untergrund angebracht wird und/oder, vorzugsweise ausschließlich, mittels stiftartigen, insbesondere lösbaren und/oder nicht-temperaturleitfähigen, Verbindungselementen an dem Untergrund angebracht wird. Insbesondere kann hierbei erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein, dass es sich bei dem Untergrund um eine Gebäudewandung handelt. Besonders geeignete Verbindungselemente können beispielsweise Schrauben, Nägel und/oder Nieten sein. Vorzugsweise sind die Verbindungselemente versenkt angebracht. Dadurch, dass bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorgesehen ist, dass die Wärmedämmstoffschicht nicht stoffschlüssig an den Untergrund angebracht wird, kann die Wärmedämmstoffschicht vollkommen rückstandslos von dem Untergrund abgenommen werden, sollte es erforderlich sein, ein durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hergestelltes Wärmedämmverbundsystem rückzubauen. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass ein aufwändiges Entfernen der verklebten Wärmedämmstoffschicht entfällt und die einzelnen Bestandteile des mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erzeugten Wärmedämmverbundsystems leichter trennbar sind.A further solution to the above-mentioned underlying object is provided by the combination of features of the method according to the invention. In particular, according to the invention it is proposed to achieve the aforementioned object that the thermal insulation layer is not attached to the substrate by gluing and / or, preferably exclusively, is attached to the substrate by means of pin-like, in particular detachable and / or non-temperature-conductive, connecting elements. In particular, it can be provided according to the invention that the subsurface is a building wall. Particularly suitable connecting elements can, for example Screws, nails and / or rivets. Preferably, the Fasteners attached sunk. Because it is provided in the method according to the invention that the thermal insulation layer is not attached to the substrate in a cohesive manner, the thermal insulation layer can be removed from the substrate completely without any residue, should it be necessary to dismantle a composite thermal insulation system produced by the method according to the invention. This has the advantage that time-consuming removal of the bonded thermal insulation layer is eliminated and the individual components of the thermal insulation composite system produced by the method according to the invention can be separated more easily.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Armierungsschicht im Montagezustand in zumindest einem Bereich relativ zu der Wärmedämmstoffschicht und/oder der Grundputzschicht oder allen Schichten des Wärmedämmverbundsystems überstehend angebracht wird. Dabei kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn durch den überstehenden Teil die Angriffsstelle ausgebildet wird. Durch die Angriffsstelle und/oder den überstehenden Teil kann eine Zugkraft auf die Armierungsschicht ausgeübt werden. Dies kann beispielsweise durch Werkzeug und/oder lediglich mit den Händen erfolgen.According to an advantageous further development, it can be provided that the reinforcement layer is mounted so that it protrudes in at least one area relative to the thermal insulation layer and / or the base plaster layer or all layers of the thermal insulation composite system. It can be advantageous if the point of attack is formed by the protruding part. A tensile force can be exerted on the reinforcement layer by the point of attack and / or the protruding part. This can be done, for example, with tools and / or only with the hands.
Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann weiter vorgesehen sein, dass zur Auftragung der Grundputzschicht zunächst eine erste Teilschicht davon aufgetragen wird, anschließend die Armierungsschicht auf die erste Teilschicht aufgebracht wird, und dann die zweite Teilschicht auf die Armierungsschicht aufgetragen wird, wodurch die Armierungsschicht zwischen den zwei Teilschichten der Grundputzschicht eingebettet wird.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, it can further be provided that to apply the base plaster layer, first a first partial layer thereof is applied, then the reinforcing layer is applied to the first partial layer, and then the second partial layer is applied to the reinforcing layer, as a result of which the reinforcing layer is embedded between the two sub-layers of the base plaster layer.
Um eine möglichst gute Fixierung des, insbesondere erfindungsgemäßen, Wärmedämmverbundsystems an dem Untergrund zu erreichen, kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn der Untergrund zunächst mit Bohrlöchern versehen wird, darin jeweils ein Dübel eingesetzt wird und die Wärmedämmstoffschicht mit in die Dübel eingeschraubten Schrauben an dem Untergrund befestigt wird. Um Kältebrücken zu vermeiden, kann es besonders vorteilhaft sein, wenn die verwendeten Schrauben, beispielsweise durch eine Beschichtung oder Verwendung eines nicht wärmeleitenden Materials, wie Kunststoff, nicht wärmeleitfähig ausgebildet sind. Insbesondere können die Schrauben versenkt angebracht sein oder werden.In order to achieve the best possible fixation of the thermal insulation composite system, in particular according to the invention, to the subsurface, it may be expedient if the subsurface is first provided with boreholes, a dowel is inserted therein and the thermal insulation layer is fastened to the subsurface with screws screwed into the dowel becomes. In order to avoid cold spots, it can be particularly advantageous if the screws used are not designed to be thermally conductive, for example by coating or using a non-thermally conductive material such as plastic. In particular, the screws can be or are countersunk.
Damit der überstehende Teil und/oder die Angriffsstelle den ästhetischen Gesamteindruck einer mit dem Wärmedämmsystem verkleideten Oberfläche nicht nachteilig beeinträchtigt/beeinträchtigen und/oder um eine möglicherweise ungewollte Krafteinwirkung auf das überstehende Teil und/oder die Angriffsstelle vermeiden zu können, kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Armierungsschicht an dem Untergrund derart angebracht wird, dass ihr dachseitiges Ende und/oder ihr bodenseitiges Ende übersteht/überstehen. Insbesondere kann es dabei zweckmäßig sein, wenn der überstehende Teil von einem Dachrand und/oder von einem Sockelabschluss abgedeckt wird. Dadurch kann erreicht werden, dass in einem Montagezustand des mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens hergestellten Wärmedämmverbundsystems der überstehende Teil und/oder die Angriffsstelle abgeschirmt ist, und daher insbesondere für ein ungeschultes Auge nicht wahrnehmbar ist. Dadurch ist es möglich, Vandalismus durch Missbrauch der Rückbaufunktion des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmverbundsystems zu vermeiden.So that the protruding part and / or the point of attack does not adversely affect the overall aesthetic impression of a surface clad with the thermal insulation system and / or in order to be able to avoid any undesired force acting on the protruding part and / or the point of attack, it can be advantageous if the reinforcement layer is attached to the substrate in such a way that its roof-side end and / or its floor-side end protrudes. In particular, it can be expedient if the projecting part is covered by a roof edge and / or by a base finish. It can thereby be achieved that in an assembled state of the thermal insulation composite system produced by means of the method according to the invention, the protruding part and / or the point of attack is shielded and is therefore imperceptible to an untrained eye in particular. This makes it possible to avoid vandalism due to misuse of the dismantling function of the composite thermal insulation system according to the invention.
Soll mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eine Gebäudewandung oder ein Teil davon isoliert werden, welche/r ein Fenster aufweist, so kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn ein oder der überstehende Teil der Armierungsschicht in einem Abschnitt des Untergrundes mit einem Fenster unter einer Fensterbank und/oder an oder in einem Rollladenkasten angeordnet wird. Insbesondere kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn der überstehende Teil der Armierungsschicht davon abgedeckt wird.If, by means of the method according to the invention, a wall of a building or a part thereof which has a window is to be insulated, it may be expedient if one or the protruding part of the reinforcement layer is in a section of the substrate with a window under a window sill and / or or is arranged in a roller shutter box. In particular, it can be expedient if the protruding part of the reinforcement layer is covered by it.
Um ein besonders haltbares und dennoch einfach rückbaubares Wärmedämmverbundsystem erstellen zu können, kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn der Grundputz in einer Gesamtschichtdicke zwischen 3 mm und 10 mm, insbesondere zwischen 5 mm und 8 mm, aufgetragen wird.In order to be able to create a particularly durable and yet easily removable thermal insulation composite system, it can be advantageous if the base plaster is applied in a total layer thickness between 3 mm and 10 mm, in particular between 5 mm and 8 mm.
Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Wärmedämmstoffschicht zumindest teilweise aus Mineralwolle hergestellt ist.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that the thermal insulation layer is at least partially made of mineral wool.
Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden ausschließlich Bestandteile zur Herstellung eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems eingesetzt, die recyclingfähig sind.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, only components that can be recycled are used to produce a composite thermal insulation system.
Die Armierungsschicht eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems ist für die Qualität des gesamten Dämmsystems von entscheidender Bedeutung. In der Regel sorgt sie für eine flächige Verteilung von Spannungen aus dem Verputz, wodurch beispielsweise Risse in der Grundputzschicht und/oder der Schlussbeschichtung vermieden werden können. Diese Risse können beispielsweise dadurch entstehen, dass die einzelnen Putzschichten des Wärmedämmverbundsystems unterschiedlich schnell aushärten, wodurch Zugspannungen mit einer entsprechenden Rissgefährdung entstehen. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Herstellung eines, insbesondere erfindungsgemäßen, Wärmedämmverbundsystems übernimmt die Armierungsschicht noch eine weitere Aufgabe. Sie dient neben dem bereits genannten Zweck dazu, auf die Wärmedämmstoffschicht aufgetragene Putzschichten nahezu rückstandslos entfernen zu können, sollte ein Rückbau eines derart hergestellten Wärmedämmverbundsystems notwendig sein. Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann daher vorsehen, dass die Armierungsschicht aus einem Gewebe, insbesondere einem reißfesten Gewebe, ausgestaltet ist. Vorzugsweise ist die Armierungsschicht zumindest teilweise aus Gewebebahnen hergestellt. Ein besonders geeignetes Gewebe kann beispielsweise ein Glasfasergewebe sein.The reinforcement layer of a thermal insulation composite system is of crucial importance for the quality of the entire insulation system. As a rule, it ensures a flat distribution of stresses from the plaster, which, for example, prevents cracks in the base plaster layer and / or the top coat. These cracks can arise, for example, if the individual plaster layers of the thermal insulation composite system harden at different speeds, causing tensile stresses with a corresponding risk of cracking. In the method according to the invention for producing a thermal insulation composite system, in particular according to the invention, the reinforcement layer takes on a further task. In addition to the purpose already mentioned, it serves to be able to remove plaster layers applied to the thermal insulation layer almost without residue, should it be necessary to dismantle a thermal insulation composite system produced in this way. A particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention can therefore provide that the reinforcement layer is made of a fabric, in particular a tear-resistant fabric. The reinforcing layer is preferably at least partially made from fabric webs. A particularly suitable fabric can be, for example, a glass fiber fabric.
Ferner betrifft die Erfindung auch ein Verfahren zum Entfernen eines an einem Untergrund montierten Wärmedämmverbundsystems gemäß dem unabhängigen Anspruch 15, insbesondere eines erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmverbundsystems wie hier beschrieben und beansprucht und/oder eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems hergestellt durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, wie hier beschrieben und beansprucht, von dem Untergrund. Erfindungsgemäß ist dabei vorgesehen, dass durch Ausübung einer Kraft, insbesondere einer Zugkraft, auf einen überstehenden Teil und/oder auf eine Angriffsstelle einer Armierungsschicht alle, die Armierungsschicht umgebenden Putzschichten von einer darunterliegenden Wärmedämmstoffschicht des Wärmedämmverbundsystems abgelöst werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die einzelnen Bestandteile des derart entfernten Wärmedämmverbundsystems leichter trennbar und somit dem Wertstoffkreislauf rückführbar sind.Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for removing a thermal insulation composite system mounted on a substrate according to
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn durch das Verfahren eine auf dem Untergrund angebrachte Wärmedämmstoffschicht, insbesondere vollständig, von einer auf dieser Wärmedämmstoffschicht aufgebrachten Grundputzschicht und/oder Kleberschicht trennbar ist.In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, it can be useful if by the method a heat insulation layer applied to the substrate, in particular completely, can be separated from a base plaster layer and / or adhesive layer applied to this heat insulation layer.
Alternativ oder ergänzend dazu kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn eine oder die Wärmedämmstoffschicht von dem Untergrund durch Lösen einer oder mehrerer Verbindungselemente abgenommen wird, insbesondere rückstandslos abgenommen wird. Bei den Verbindungselementen kann es sich dabei beispielsweise um Schrauben, Nägel und/oder Nieten handeln.Alternatively or additionally, it can be expedient if one or the thermal insulation layer is removed from the substrate by loosening one or more connecting elements, in particular is removed without residue. The connecting elements can be, for example, screws, nails and / or rivets.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher beschrieben, ist jedoch nicht auf dieses Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Weitere erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsbeispiele ergeben sich durch die Kombination einzelner oder mehrerer Merkmale der Schutzansprüche untereinander und/oder mit einzelnen oder mehreren Merkmalen der Ausführungsbeispiele.The invention will now be described in more detail using an exemplary embodiment, but is not restricted to this exemplary embodiment. Further exemplary embodiments according to the invention result from the combination of individual or several features of the protection claims with one another and / or with individual or more features of the exemplary embodiments.
Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- ein schematisch dargestelltes erfindungsgemäßes Wärmedämmverbundsystem im Montagezustand,
- Fig. 2
- das
Ausführungsbeispiel aus Figur 1 dargestellt als Explosionszeichnung, - Fig. 3
- das Ausführungsbeispiel
aus den Figuren 1 und2 , wobei durch Kraftausübung auf die Armierungsschicht die Putzschichten von der Wärmedämmstoffschicht abgelöst werden.
- Fig. 1
- a schematically shown thermal insulation composite system according to the invention in the assembled state,
- Fig. 2
- the embodiment from
Figure 1 shown as an exploded view, - Fig. 3
- the embodiment from the
Figures 1 and2nd , whereby the plaster layers are detached from the thermal insulation layer by exerting force on the reinforcement layer.
In den
In
Das erfindungsgemäße Wärmedämmverbundsystem 1 weist eine Wärmedämmstoffschicht 2 auf, welche durch Verschraubung an der Gebäudewandung 8 fixiert oder fixierbar ist. Hierzu wurde die Gebäudewandung mit Bohrlöchern versehen, in welche Dübel 11 eingesetzt wurden oder einsetzbar sind. Durch nichtwärmeleitfähige Schrauben 10 ist die Wärmedämmstoffschicht 2 durch Einschrauben der Schrauben 10 in die Dübel 11 durch die Wärmedämmstoffschicht an der Gebäudewandung 8 fixiert oder fixierbar. Auf die Wärmedämmstoffschicht 2 ist eine erste Teilschicht 12 einer Grundputzschicht 3 aufgetragen. Auf die erste Teilschicht 12 der Grundputzschicht 3 ist eine Armierungsschicht 4 aufgebracht. Durch eine zweite Teilschicht 13 der Grundputzschicht 3, die auf die Armierungsschicht 14 aufgetragen ist, ist die Armierungsschicht somit in der Grundputzschicht 3 eingebettet. Auf die Grundputzschicht 3 ist ferner eine Schlussbeschichtung 5 aufgetragen, die dazu dient, das Wärmedämmverbundsystem 1 nach außen hin abzuschließen. Die Schlussbeschichtung 5 kann beispielsweise ein geeigneter Oberputz sein.The thermal
Die Armierungsschicht 4 des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmverbundsystems 1 weist zumindest einen überstehenden Teil 6 auf. Der überstehende Teil 6 bildet bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den
Die Wärmedämmstoffschicht 2 ist im Montagezustand, wie in
Das Armierungsgewebe 4 besteht bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der
Um die als überstehendes Teil 6 ausgestaltete Angriffsstelle 7 einfach greifen, insbesondere mit einem Werkzeug greifen zu können, ist die längsseitige Abmessung der als Gewebebahn ausgebildeten Armierungsschicht 4 länger als die entsprechende Abmessung aller übrigen Schichten 2, 3, 5 des Wärmedämmverbundsystems 1 und/oder der Gebäudewandung 8. Daher ist die Angriffsstelle 7 der Armierungsschicht 4 im Montagezustand nicht in oder auf die Grundputzschicht 3 eingebettet oder aufgebracht.In order to be able to grip the point of attack 7 designed as a protruding part 6, in particular to be able to grip with a tool, the longitudinal dimension of the
Die Gesamtschichtdicke 16 der Grundputzschicht 3 beträgt zwischen 5 mm und 8 mm.The
Alle Bestandteile des im Montagezustand an der Gebäudewandung 8 angebrachten Wärmedämmverbundsystems 1 sind rückbaufähig und/oder recyclingfähig.All components of the thermal
Die Wärmedämmstoffschicht 2 ist zumindest teilweise aus Mineralwolle hergestellt. Ferner kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn die Wärmedämmstoffschicht 2 aus mehreren, aneinander angrenzenden Dämmstoffplatten ausgebildet ist.The
In
Wie in den
Nach Abzug der Armierungsschicht 4 von der Wärmedämmstoffschicht 2 kann das Wärmedämmverbundsystem 1 durch Lösen der Verbindungselemente 9 und Entfernen der Wärmedämmstoffschicht 2 von der Gebäudewandung 8 vollständig rückgebaut werden. Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau des Wärmedämmverbundsystems 1 ist es ferner möglich, die einzelnen Bestandteile des Wärmedämmverbundsystems 1 nahezu rückstandslos voneinander zu trennen, so dass kein oder kaum Sondermüll bei der Entsorgung des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmverbundsystems 1 anfällt.After deduction of the
- 11
- WärmedämmverbundsystemComposite insulation system
- 22nd
- WärmedämmstoffschichtThermal insulation layer
- 33rd
- GrundputzschichtBase coat
- 44th
- ArmierungsschichtReinforcement layer
- 55
- SchlussbeschichtungTop coat
- 66
- überstehender Teil der Armierungsschichtprotruding part of the reinforcement layer
- 77
- AngriffsstellePoint of attack
- 88th
- GebäudewandungBuilding wall
- 99
- VerbindungselementFastener
- 1010th
- Schraubescrew
- 1111
- DübelDowels
- 1212th
- erste Teilschicht der Grundputzschichtfirst sub-layer of the base plaster layer
- 1313
- zweite Teilschicht der Grundputzschichtsecond sub-layer of the base coat
- 1414
- Abmessung der ArmierungsschichtDimension of the reinforcement layer
- 1515
- Abmessung der weiteren SchichtenDimension of the other layers
- 1616
- Gesamtschichtdicke der GrundputzschichtTotal layer thickness of the base coat
- 1717th
- dachseitiges Enderoof-side end
- 1818th
- bodenseitiges Endebottom end
Claims (16)
- Composite thermal insulation system (1), comprising at least one thermal insulation material layer (2), at least one base plaster layer (3) applied to the thermal insulation material layer (2), at least one reinforcement layer (4) embedded in or applied to the base plaster layer (3), and at least one finishing coating (5) which completes the composite thermal insulation system (1) to the outside, characterized in that the reinforcement layer (4) has at least one protruding part (6) and/or one engagement point (7) for enabling the reinforcement layer (4), by means of a transmission of force to the protruding part (6) and/or to the engagement point (7), to be detached, together with the plaster layers (3, 5) surrounding the reinforcement layer (4), from the thermal insulation material layer (2) fastened to an underlying surface.
- Composite thermal insulation system (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the thermal insulation material layer (2), in the installed state, is not adhesively bonded or adhesively bondable to the underlying surface, and/or, in particular exclusively, is attached or attachable to the underlying surface by means of pin-like, preferably detachable and/or thermally non-conductive connecting elements (9), in particular by means of screws (10), nails and/or rivets, wherein preferably, said connecting elements (9) are arranged in countersunk fashion.
- Composite thermal insulation system (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcement layer (4) is formed from a fabric, in particular from a glass fiber fabric, preferably such that the reinforcement layer (4) is composed at least partially of at least one fabric web.
- Composite thermal insulation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one dimension (14) of the reinforcement layer (4) in at least one direction is greater than the corresponding dimension (15) of at least one or all of the other layers (2, 3, 5) of the composite thermal insulation system (1), in particular such that at least a part (6) of the reinforcement layer (4), in the installed state, protrudes relative to at least one of the further layers (2, 3, 5) of the composite thermal insulation system (1), and/or in that at least the protruding part (6) and/or the engagement point (7) of the reinforcement layer (4), in the installed state, is not embedded in or applied to the base plaster layer (3) .
- Composite thermal insulation system (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the base plaster layer (3) has a total layer thickness (16) between 3 mm and 10 mm, in particular between 5 mm and 8 mm.
- Composite thermal insulation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all of the constituent parts of the composite thermal insulation system (1) attached in the installed state to the underlying surface are dismantlable and/or recyclable, in particular in that the thermal insulation material layer (2) is produced at least partially from mineral wool.
- Method for producing a composite thermal insulation system (1), in particular a recyclable composite thermal insulation system (1), wherein a thermal insulation material layer (2) is applied to an underlying surface, in particular to a building wall, a base plaster layer (3) is applied to the thermal insulation material layer (2), a reinforcement layer (4) is embedded in and/or applied to the base plaster layer (3), and a finishing coating (5) is applied for the purposes of completion to the outside, wherein the thermal insulation material layer (2) is attached to the underlying surface by means of pin-like connecting elements (9), characterized in that the reinforcement layer (4), in at least one region, is attached so as to protrude relative to at least one layer (2, 3, 5) of the composite thermal insulation system (1), and in that an engagement point (7) is formed by the protruding part (6), wherein a transmission of force to the reinforcement layer (4) is possible by means of the engagement point (7) and/or the protruding part (6), whereby the reinforcement layer (4) together with the plaster layers (3, 5) surrounding the reinforcement layer (4) are detachable from the thermal insulation material layer (2).
- Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that the reinforcement layer (4), in the installed state, is attached so as to protrude in at least one region relative to the thermal insulation material layer (2) and/or the base plaster layer (3) or all layers (2, 3, 5) of the composite thermal insulation system (1), wherein a transmission of a pulling force to the reinforcement layer (4) is possible by means of the engagement point (7) and/or the protruding part (6) .
- Method according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, for the application of the base plaster layer (3), firstly a first partial layer (12) thereof is applied, subsequently the reinforcement layer (4) is applied to the first partial layer (12), and then the second partial layer (13) is applied to the reinforcement layer (4), whereby the reinforcement layer (4) is embedded between the two partial layers (12, 13) of the base plaster layer (3).
- Method according to one of the preceding Claims 7 - 9, characterized in that the underlying surface is initially equipped with boreholes, in each case one dowel (11) is inserted therein, and the thermal insulation material layer (2) is fastened to the underlying surface by means of screws (10) screwed into the dowels (11), in particular screws (10) which are thermally non-conductive and/or arranged in countersunk fashion.
- Method according to one of the preceding Claims 7 - 10, characterized in that the reinforcement layer (4) is attached to the underlying surface such that the roof-side end (17) of said reinforcement layer and/or the ground-side end (18) of said reinforcement layer protrude(s), in particular such that the protruding part (6) is covered by a roof edge and/or by a baseboard.
- Method according to one of the preceding Claims 7 - 11, characterized in that a or the protruding part (6) of the reinforcement layer (4) is, in a section of the underlying surface with a window, arranged under a windowsill and/or on or in a roller blind box, in particular is covered thereby.
- Method according to one of the preceding Claims 7 - 12, characterized in that a total layer thickness (16) of the base plaster layer (3) amounts to between 3 mm and 10 mm, in particular between 5 mm and 8 mm, and/or in that the thermal insulation material layer (2) is produced at least partially from mineral wool.
- Method according to one of the preceding Claims 7 - 13, characterized in that all of the constituent parts of the composite thermal insulation system (1) are recyclable, and/or in that the reinforcement layer (4) is formed from a fabric, in particular from a glass fiber fabric, preferably such that the reinforcement layer (4) is composed at least partially of fabric webs.
- Method for removing a composite thermal insulation system (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6 and/or produced by means of the method according to one of Claims 7 to 14, installed on an underlying surface from the underlying surface, characterized in that, by exerting a force, in particular a pulling force, on a protruding part (6) and/or an engagement point (7) of a reinforcement layer (4), the reinforcement layer (4) and all plaster layers (3, 5) surrounding the reinforcement layer (4) are detached from an underlying thermal insulation material layer (2) of the composite thermal insulation system (1).
- Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that a or the thermal insulation material layer (2) is removed, in particular removed without residue, from the underlying surface by detachment of one or more connecting elements (9), in particular screws (10), nails and/or rivets, wherein preferably, said connecting elements (9) are arranged in countersunk fashion.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI201730317T SI3414406T1 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2017-02-09 | Composite heat insulation system that can be dismantled and method for the production and removal thereof |
RS20200803A RS60584B1 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2017-02-09 | Composite heat insulation system that can be dismantled and method for the production and removal thereof |
PL17705794T PL3414406T3 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2017-02-09 | Composite heat insulation system that can be dismantled and method for the production and removal thereof |
HRP20201037TT HRP20201037T1 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2020-07-01 | Composite heat insulation system that can be dismantled and method for the production and removal thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016001563.2A DE102016001563A1 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2016-02-12 | Recoverable composite thermal insulation system and method for its production and removal |
PCT/EP2017/000183 WO2017137164A1 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2017-02-09 | Composite heat insulation system that can be dismantled and method for the production and removal thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3414406A1 EP3414406A1 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
EP3414406B1 true EP3414406B1 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
Family
ID=58057081
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17705794.0A Active EP3414406B1 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2017-02-09 | Composite heat insulation system that can be dismantled and method for the production and removal thereof |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3414406B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN108699835B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112018015930B1 (en) |
CL (1) | CL2018002289A1 (en) |
CY (1) | CY1123131T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102016001563A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3414406T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2802427T3 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20201037T1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE050139T2 (en) |
LT (1) | LT3414406T (en) |
PL (1) | PL3414406T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT3414406T (en) |
RS (1) | RS60584B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2734410C2 (en) |
SA (1) | SA518392169B1 (en) |
SI (1) | SI3414406T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017137164A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111780200B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-03-02 | 厦门经济特区房地产开发集团有限公司 | Realize high-efficient heat conduction type window that wafts of hot spring slabstone function |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3444815A1 (en) * | 1984-12-08 | 1986-06-12 | Wolfgang 4600 Dortmund Nohlen | Wall or ceiling construction of a building |
RU2157351C1 (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-10 | Товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью "Эверест" | Composition for sealing interboard joints and thermally insulating structural units, and heat-insulation system |
RU2171340C1 (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2001-07-27 | Акционерное общество закрытого типа "КомПроМИС" | Method for external warming of building facade |
DE10138069A1 (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-20 | Saint Gobain Isover G & H Ag | Plaster-base façade insulation |
RU53331U1 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2006-05-10 | Лев Давидович Евсеев | EXTERIOR WALL OF A MULTI-STOREY BUILDING (OPTIONS) |
CN200978468Y (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2007-11-21 | 陈尚 | Exterior wall outside thermal insulation composite bed and exterior wall outside thermal insulation system using the same |
KR100796019B1 (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2008-01-21 | 김기철 | Un-vulcanized synthetic rubber sheets-waterproof material of self-adhesion type and construction method using the same |
EP2180104A1 (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2010-04-28 | Rockwool International A/S | Facade insulation system |
CN101736820B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-09-19 | 宫海西 | Heat insulating member with flexible positioning member |
DE202010007659U1 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2010-10-14 | Zimmermann & Reichel Farbenfabrik Gmbh | Insulating board and thermal insulation wall with such an insulation board |
CN102002989A (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2011-04-06 | 上海一金节能科技有限公司 | Outer heat insulating wall body for mechanically anchoring grid reinforcing rib mineral wool plate and construction process thereof |
PL2670924T3 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2021-12-27 | Rockwool International A/S | Insulation system for covering a facade of a building |
RU129532U1 (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-06-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЛИТОКол" | SYSTEM FACADE HEAT-INSULATING COMPOSITION |
CN204804107U (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-11-25 | 安东 | Decorate heat preservation template integral structure and structural wall |
-
2016
- 2016-02-12 DE DE102016001563.2A patent/DE102016001563A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2017
- 2017-02-09 PL PL17705794T patent/PL3414406T3/en unknown
- 2017-02-09 BR BR112018015930-1A patent/BR112018015930B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2017-02-09 PT PT177057940T patent/PT3414406T/en unknown
- 2017-02-09 RU RU2018128611A patent/RU2734410C2/en active
- 2017-02-09 WO PCT/EP2017/000183 patent/WO2017137164A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-02-09 ES ES17705794T patent/ES2802427T3/en active Active
- 2017-02-09 HU HUE17705794A patent/HUE050139T2/en unknown
- 2017-02-09 DK DK17705794.0T patent/DK3414406T3/en active
- 2017-02-09 LT LTEP17705794.0T patent/LT3414406T/en unknown
- 2017-02-09 DE DE202017104261.8U patent/DE202017104261U1/en active Active
- 2017-02-09 CN CN201780010755.1A patent/CN108699835B/en active Active
- 2017-02-09 EP EP17705794.0A patent/EP3414406B1/en active Active
- 2017-02-09 RS RS20200803A patent/RS60584B1/en unknown
- 2017-02-09 SI SI201730317T patent/SI3414406T1/en unknown
-
2018
- 2018-08-08 SA SA518392169A patent/SA518392169B1/en unknown
- 2018-08-10 CL CL2018002289A patent/CL2018002289A1/en unknown
-
2020
- 2020-07-01 HR HRP20201037TT patent/HRP20201037T1/en unknown
- 2020-07-13 CY CY20201100645T patent/CY1123131T1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2017137164A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
PL3414406T3 (en) | 2020-11-16 |
BR112018015930A2 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
RU2018128611A (en) | 2020-03-12 |
RU2734410C2 (en) | 2020-10-16 |
LT3414406T (en) | 2020-07-27 |
DE102016001563A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
HRP20201037T1 (en) | 2020-10-16 |
HUE050139T2 (en) | 2020-11-30 |
DE202017104261U1 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
CY1123131T1 (en) | 2021-10-29 |
SI3414406T1 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
CL2018002289A1 (en) | 2019-02-01 |
PT3414406T (en) | 2020-07-16 |
BR112018015930B1 (en) | 2023-02-23 |
SA518392169B1 (en) | 2021-12-13 |
EP3414406A1 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
ES2802427T3 (en) | 2021-01-19 |
DK3414406T3 (en) | 2020-07-20 |
RS60584B1 (en) | 2020-08-31 |
CN108699835A (en) | 2018-10-23 |
RU2018128611A3 (en) | 2020-04-24 |
CN108699835B (en) | 2020-10-02 |
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