EP3371371B1 - Bauwerkslager - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3371371B1
EP3371371B1 EP16791581.8A EP16791581A EP3371371B1 EP 3371371 B1 EP3371371 B1 EP 3371371B1 EP 16791581 A EP16791581 A EP 16791581A EP 3371371 B1 EP3371371 B1 EP 3371371B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sliding
structural bearing
bearing
sliding material
structural
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16791581.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3371371A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Braun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maurer Engineering GmbH
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Maurer Engineering GmbH
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Publication date
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Application filed by Maurer Engineering GmbH filed Critical Maurer Engineering GmbH
Publication of EP3371371A1 publication Critical patent/EP3371371A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3371371B1 publication Critical patent/EP3371371B1/de
Priority to HRP20200455TT priority Critical patent/HRP20200455T1/hr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
    • E01D19/041—Elastomeric bearings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
    • E01D19/042—Mechanical bearings
    • E01D19/047—Pot bearings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/36—Bearings or like supports allowing movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a structural bearing with a sliding element made of a sliding material which contains at least one polymeric plastic.
  • a structural store is to be understood here to mean those stores which are generally provided in buildings for storing the structure or parts thereof. These are in particular those bearings that fall under the scope of the European standard EN 1337. It can therefore be components that enable twisting between two parts of the building and transmit loads that are defined as required and prevent displacement (fixed bearings) or in one direction (guided bearings) or in all directions on one level (bearings that can be moved on all sides).
  • the most common structural bearings are listed in Part 1 of EN 1337 in its currently valid version from 2004 (EN 1337-1: 2004) in Table 1. Other types or modifications can also be found in other standards. For example, bearings for earthquake insulation are standardized in EN 15129.
  • the present invention also relates in particular to plain bearings of various types, such as spherical plain bearings or the plain pendulum bearings mentioned in EN 15129 and used there for earthquake insulation, etc.
  • a sliding element is to be understood to mean those parts of a structure store that ensure or enable a sliding movement between the parts of the structure store. These are in particular those parts which fall under the scope of regulation of Part 2 of EN 1337 in the version from 2004 (EN 1337-2: 2004).
  • the invention relates not only to structural bearings with a sliding element made of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, trade name Teflon) but also quite generally other polymeric plastics, in particular thermoplastics such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polyamide (PA) and mixtures thereof.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • UHMWPE ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
  • PA polyamide
  • the requirements for the polymeric plastics used as a sliding material are generally known. On the one hand, they are intended to enable uniform distribution and removal of the load acting on the structure store. On the other hand, they have to absorb the sliding movements in the structure warehouse (translatory and / or rotary movements) in such a way that the structure is not damaged, at least when in use. In this respect, the sliding movements can be realized with application-specific requirements for the coefficient of friction.
  • EN 1337-2: 2004 defines such requirements on the coefficient of friction, but only for sliding parts made of PTFE.
  • such a sliding material should of course also be resistant to environmental influences such as temperature, humidity, but also aggressive media such as acid rain or air pollution and should have the greatest possible resistance to wear.
  • MSM® a particularly load-bearing, wear-resistant and also resistant to environmental influences
  • MSM® its sliding material marketed under the trade name MSM®.
  • This is used in the form of sliding elements which are designed both as flat and / or curved sliding disks and as guides.
  • the application is particularly successful in the area of plain bearings, for example in so-called spherical plain bearings or for earthquake insulation in plain pendulum bearings.
  • the MSM sliding material has literally led to a revolution in building warehouse construction, since it has led to a significantly longer bearing life at lower manufacturing costs.
  • the sliding material of the sliding element has a melting point temperature of more than 210 ° C. and an elastic modulus in the tensile test according to DIN ISO 527-2 of less than 1800 MPa.
  • the interaction of these two criteria places particularly critical demands on the properties of the sliding material. Because materials that melt particularly late, such as polyamide, are generally stiffer than materials with a low melting point.
  • the so-called stick-slip effect is also reduced.
  • This is understood to mean a stuttering sliding movement, such as is known from windshield wiper blades in cars.
  • sliding elements made of a sliding material that fulfills such a property profile have only relatively small differences between static and dynamic coefficients of friction. This reduces the stick-slip effect.
  • the structure store also serves as earthquake protection, this improves the safety of the entire structure.
  • the structural bearing has a sliding element made of a sliding material which has a characteristic compressive strength of at least 250 MPa at 48 ° C and / or at least 220 MPa at 70 ° C and / or at least 200 MPa at 80 ° C.
  • the value of the characteristic compressive strength can be determined in a compression test on a specimen that corresponds to a specific dimension and consists of the sliding material.
  • a suitable compression test with dimensions and the conditions under which it is to be carried out is specified in the European Technical Approval (ETA 06/0131) and its approval guidelines.
  • a suitable compression test is therefore to be understood as an experiment in which a partially chambered sample in the form of a flat circular disc with a diameter of 155 mm, a thickness of 8 mm and a chamber depth of 5 mm is subjected to the desired temperature and surface pressure (further Information on the shape, chambering and loading of the test specimen are given in ETA 06/0131 and its approval guidelines).
  • the comparison temperature can be a usual temperature of, for example, 35 ° C.
  • the settlement process due to the pressing must come to a standstill after a predetermined time (this is usually 48 hours). After unloading, the sample is checked for damage (e.g. cracks).
  • Characteristic compressive strength is to be understood here as that used in EN 1337-2: 2004. This is the maximum pressure at which the settlement comes to a standstill as just said and just about no damage occurs. As a rule, the maximum pressure that can be absorbed and therefore the characteristic compressive strength is determined iteratively by several such tests.
  • the requirement for a relatively high characteristic compressive strength together with the high melting point temperature and the relatively low modulus of elasticity ensures that the correspondingly used polymer plastic has a defined, not necessarily low, coefficient of friction or coefficient of friction in the unlubricated state. This defined friction can be used to reduce kinetic energy in energy-dissipating bearings.
  • the requirement profile also ensures that the material has a high load-bearing capacity at high temperatures in order to be able to absorb as much energy as possible.
  • the applicant's experiments show that at the same time there is a very slight stick-slip effect and that the overall result is a slightly appealing bearing.
  • the structure bearing according to the invention is thus characterized by a combination of efficiency and the avoidance of vibrations damaging the structure with a high frequency and low amplitude.
  • the unlubricated sliding material shows a maximum coefficient of friction at 21 ° C and a pressure of 60 MPa in a short-term sliding friction test analogous to EN 1337-2: 2004 Appendix D from at least 0.05.
  • the slide washer in contrast to the conventional test according to EN1337-2: 2004, also has no lubrication pockets.
  • the limit of the coefficient of friction ensures that there is a defined coefficient of friction, especially in the unlubricated state, which serves to reduce kinetic energy.
  • the sliding material has a ratio of static coefficient of friction to dynamic coefficient of friction which is less than 1.4. This ensures that there is practically no stick-slip effect.
  • the sliding material has an elongation at break of more than 15%, preferably of up to 30%.
  • This enables a purely elastic adaptation of the sliding element to an eccentrically occurring deformation.
  • Such a sliding element also shows hardly any bead formation, which reduces the risk of such a bead being sheared off.
  • a structure warehouse has a greater intrinsic rotational ability than a conventional structure warehouse. This is particularly advantageous for flat plain bearings, as they can better compensate for tilting of the structure (e.g. due to settlement of the structure or due to manufacturing tolerances).
  • the sliding material contains polyketone as a polymer plastic.
  • Polyketone is made from carbon monoxide, among other things, and is considered an environmentally friendly plastic because carbon monoxide, for example from industrial exhaust gases, can be used in processing.
  • Polyketone has proven to be a material that combines a high melting point with a relatively high friction compared to UHMWPE or PTFE. But especially at high temperatures, the coefficients of friction remain relatively constant, while they usually show a strong temperature dependence in other known materials.
  • polyketone is a polymer plastic that has a relatively low modulus of elasticity.
  • a sliding element made of it shows a good adaptability and a good ability to compensate for manufacturing tolerances or building settlements. Even if the bearing is used at high temperatures without the material deforming excessively.
  • tests on polyketone show that the sliding material has a remarkably low ratio of static coefficient of friction to dynamic coefficient of friction, so that it can also be classified as particularly suitable with regard to the stick-slip problem.
  • this material which has been known for a long time, has now come into the focus of this field of application for the first time based on the tests of the applicant.
  • the applicant's experiments in particular show that, although it does not have an outstanding individual property, it does have a particularly remarkable overall property profile across its various individual properties.
  • the sliding material can also be vulcanized onto an elastomer (such as a rubber), for example in order to form a sliding element for an elastomer sliding bearing.
  • an elastomer such as a rubber
  • the sliding material contains a polyamide with a water saturation of at least 5%, preferably more than 7%, as a polymer plastic.
  • a polyamide with a water saturation of at least 5%, preferably more than 7% as a polymer plastic.
  • Tests by the applicant show that with water-saturated polyamide the modulus of elasticity can be reduced from approx. 3000 MPa to below 700 MPa. This means that if you ensure the appropriate water saturation, polyamides also meet the property profile mentioned above.
  • the polyamides previously considered to be too stiff can therefore very well be used according to the invention. You just have to make sure that they have a corresponding water saturation of at least 5%, preferably more than 7%. Then it is also possible to reduce the stick-slip effects, which are particularly pronounced with polyamides, or to control them accordingly.
  • the sliding element is assigned a water supply to ensure permanent water saturation of the sliding material.
  • a water supply is to be understood to mean a device of a very general type which supplies water to the sliding element and thus to the sliding material. These can be sprinkler systems, for example, but also water-holding trays in which the sliding element is arranged.
  • a water-holding tub is again to be understood in general as a device that is able to prevent water from flowing away. This can be, for example, rainwater that is retained or water that is poured into the tub and is prevented from flowing away at least for a long time. It is only important to ensure that the sliding element is in contact with water for as long as possible.
  • the sliding element is at least partially surrounded by a water vapor-retaining shell.
  • a water vapor-retaining shell This can be, for example, a corresponding film which envelops the sliding element in such a way that no water or only a little water vapor emerges.
  • the sleeve will only be arranged on the sides of the sliding element that are not to the contact surface of the sliding element with its sliding counterpart, such as a sliding plate.
  • the structural bearing according to the invention is particularly preferably designed as an energy-dissipating bearing, preferably as a sliding pendulum bearing (this can also be referred to as a friction pendulum bearing due to the defined friction). Because here it is not so much a question of a particularly low, but rather a particularly constant friction even at high temperatures. Just the latter occur in earthquakes due to the high accelerations.
  • the structural bearing according to the invention is designed as an elastomer sliding bearing. This is because when the sliding element has a polyketone as the sliding material, it can be vulcanized onto an elastomer in a particularly simple manner.
  • the sliding material contains, in addition to the at least one polymeric plastic, at least one further polymeric plastic, in particular a UHMWPE or PTFE or PA, at least one filler and / or an additive.
  • a filler is understood to mean substances that are not currently a polymer plastic.
  • An additive is to be understood as such admixtures that influence the properties of the plastic in a certain way, such as embedded solid lubricants.
  • the sliding material can also have been additionally crosslinked by means of radiation and / or chemical treatment.
  • additional specific properties can be added or strengthened through networking.
  • crosslinking for example, the edge zones of a sliding disk makes it possible to influence it in a targeted manner in such a way that its wear resistance is improved without the global coefficient of friction of the sliding disk being adversely affected.
  • the sliding element is designed as a flat and / or curved sliding disk.
  • the structure store can also be developed in such a way that the sliding washer is segmented and has at least two sub-segments. In this way, the segmentation of the sliding disc can be used to specifically set and influence friction properties and energy-absorbing properties.
  • the slide washer is formed from a large number of sub-segments, which in turn are preferably round with a diameter of 20 to 50 mm.
  • the coefficient of friction of each individual sub-segment can thus be determined experimentally.
  • the desired overall property profile can then be set cumulatively.
  • large surface pressures and thus small bearing surfaces of the bearing are possible, especially when the sliding material has a high compressive strength. As a result, the risk of large eccentric pressures can be reduced almost at will compared to a large single sliding washer.
  • individual sub-segments of the sliding washer consist of a different sliding material, preferably a polyamide, a PTFE and / or a UHMWPE. So can Through an intelligent material mix, individual positive properties of individual sub-segments in the warehouse can be used even more specifically and the overall properties can be set even better.
  • Fig. 1 in the partially cut-away representation (left part of the representation) of the structural bearing 1 shown, it is a plain bearing designed in principle as a so-called spherical plain bearing. This is only shown here to illustrate what is basically to be understood as a structural store. With regard to the present invention, however, the design of the bearing is irrelevant. It could also be a structural bearing of any other design with a sliding element 6 according to the invention.
  • Structural bearing 1 shown has an upper plate 2, a spherical cap 3, a lower plate 4, a sliding plate 5 and a sliding element 6 in sliding contact with the sliding plate 5 in the form of a flat sliding plate made of a polymer plastic.
  • the bearing has a second curved sliding element 7. This is in sliding contact with the curved surface of the cap 3.
  • the structural bearing 1 shown here is now one in which, according to the invention, a sliding material for the sliding elements 6 and 7 is used, which has a melting point temperature of more than 210 ° C. and a modulus of elasticity in the tensile test according to DIN ISO 527-2 has less than 1800 MPa.
  • the sliding material consists of a polyketone and has relatively high characteristic compressive strength values of approximately 250 MPa at 48 ° C, approximately 220 MPa at 70 ° C and approximately 200 MPa at 80 ° C even at high temperatures.
  • the sliding material has a relatively high elongation at break of up to 30%. This enables an elastic adaptation of the sliding element to an eccentrically occurring deformation. This is particularly advantageous for a flat plain bearing (such as the one shown here), since it can better compensate for tilting of the structure (e.g. due to settlement of the structure or due to manufacturing tolerances).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
EP16791581.8A 2015-11-06 2016-11-04 Bauwerkslager Active EP3371371B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HRP20200455TT HRP20200455T1 (hr) 2015-11-06 2020-03-18 Građevinski ležaj

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015221864.3A DE102015221864A1 (de) 2015-11-06 2015-11-06 Bauwerkslager
PCT/EP2016/076702 WO2017077057A1 (de) 2015-11-06 2016-11-04 Bauwerkslager

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3371371A1 EP3371371A1 (de) 2018-09-12
EP3371371B1 true EP3371371B1 (de) 2020-01-01

Family

ID=57249799

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16791581.8A Active EP3371371B1 (de) 2015-11-06 2016-11-04 Bauwerkslager

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US10501899B2 (es)
EP (1) EP3371371B1 (es)
JP (1) JP6827046B2 (es)
KR (1) KR102458983B1 (es)
CN (1) CN108699786B (es)
DE (1) DE102015221864A1 (es)
EA (1) EA034097B1 (es)
ES (1) ES2775198T3 (es)
HR (1) HRP20200455T1 (es)
IL (1) IL259158B (es)
MX (1) MX2018005615A (es)
PT (1) PT3371371T (es)
WO (1) WO2017077057A1 (es)

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CN107044084A (zh) * 2017-06-14 2017-08-15 西南交通大学 一种双向双级消能限位挡块球形支座
DE102018120810A1 (de) * 2018-08-27 2020-02-27 Renk Aktiengesellschaft Lageranordnung eines Rotors einer Windkraftanlage und Windkraftanlage
DE102018125067A1 (de) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-16 Carl Freudenberg Kg Polyketoncompound
US20220154413A1 (en) * 2019-02-12 2022-05-19 Gibraltar Industries Structural bearing configuration and method of making same
CN110668034B (zh) * 2019-10-28 2024-06-11 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 多自由度补偿可抗大剪切力的大型真空容器支撑装置
DE102020201078B4 (de) * 2020-01-29 2023-06-15 Maurer Engineering Gmbh Bauwerksgleitlager und Bauwerkslagerungssystem
CN112128238B (zh) * 2020-09-25 2022-02-22 无锡优尼福科技有限公司 一种关节轴承及其制备方法
CN112681854B (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-11-30 清华大学 双摩擦摆三维隔振支座
CN114045951A (zh) * 2021-10-11 2022-02-15 武汉工程大学 抗拔拉摩擦摆与厚肉橡胶的组合式三维隔震或隔振支座
ES1294730Y (es) 2022-06-03 2022-12-23 Mk4 World Wide S L Elemento discoidal deslizable para un conjunto de apoyo estructural de ingeniería civil y mecanismo estructural

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Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0892017A2 (en) * 1992-11-05 1999-01-20 Daikin Industries, Limited Polyphenylene sulfide resin compositions and process for preparation of same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3371371A1 (de) 2018-09-12
EA201800285A1 (ru) 2018-10-31
MX2018005615A (es) 2018-09-17
US20180320325A1 (en) 2018-11-08
PT3371371T (pt) 2020-03-25
CN108699786A (zh) 2018-10-23
HRP20200455T1 (hr) 2020-06-26
WO2017077057A1 (de) 2017-05-11
KR20180104598A (ko) 2018-09-21
IL259158A (en) 2018-06-28
ES2775198T3 (es) 2020-07-24
NZ743183A (en) 2021-08-27
EA034097B1 (ru) 2019-12-26
JP6827046B2 (ja) 2021-02-10
KR102458983B1 (ko) 2022-10-26
CN108699786B (zh) 2020-05-15
IL259158B (en) 2021-10-31
US10501899B2 (en) 2019-12-10
DE102015221864A1 (de) 2017-05-11
JP2018536123A (ja) 2018-12-06

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