EP3353274A1 - Verwendung hochkonzentrierter enzymgranulate zur erhöhung der lagerstabilität von enzymen - Google Patents
Verwendung hochkonzentrierter enzymgranulate zur erhöhung der lagerstabilität von enzymenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3353274A1 EP3353274A1 EP16760749.8A EP16760749A EP3353274A1 EP 3353274 A1 EP3353274 A1 EP 3353274A1 EP 16760749 A EP16760749 A EP 16760749A EP 3353274 A1 EP3353274 A1 EP 3353274A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- enzyme
- acid
- weight
- enzymes
- cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
- C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
- C11D3/38672—Granulated or coated enzymes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
- C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
- C11D17/0073—Tablets
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of highly concentrated enzyme granules in enzyme-containing detergents or cleaners for increasing the stability of enzymes and an enzyme-containing detergent or cleaner, in particular a liquid detergent or cleaning agent with improved enzyme stability.
- Common detergents or cleaners on the market contain surfactants to remove dirt and stains.
- combinations of a plurality of surfactants in particular from the group of anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants, are used here.
- These surfactants alone are often unable to remove dirt and stains sufficiently, so that in modern detergents or cleaning agents, other auxiliaries are used.
- These other excipients include enzymes of various types such as proteases, amylases, cellulases, mannanases, pectate lyases.
- hydrolytic enzymes such as proteases, amylases or lipases are part of numerous textile or dishwashing detergents because of their direct cleaning action.
- the decisive for the end user cleaning effect of the enzymes used in detergents or cleaning agents is determined in addition to the enzyme structure to a considerable extent by the nature of the preparation of these enzymes and their stabilization against environmental influences.
- Detergents or cleaning enzymes are formulated both in solid and in liquid form.
- the group of solid enzyme preparations includes, in particular, the enzyme granules consisting of several ingredients, which in turn are preferably incorporated into solid washing or cleaning agents.
- liquid or gel detergents or cleaners frequently contain liquid enzyme preparations, which, unlike the enzyme granules, are much less protected against external influences.
- German Patent Application DE 20 38 103 (Henkel) teaches the stabilization of enzyme-containing dishwashing detergents by saccharides, while in European Patent EP 646 170 B1 (Procter & Gamble) propylene glycol is disclosed for enzyme stabilization in liquid detergents.
- European Patent EP 646 170 B1 Procter & Gamble
- propylene glycol is disclosed for enzyme stabilization in liquid detergents.
- reversible protease inhibitors in the prior art polyols especially glycerol and 1, 2-propylene glycol are described.
- a corresponding technical disclosure can be found, for example, in international application WO 02/08398 A2 (Genencor).
- a second group of known stabilizers form borax, boric acids, boronic acids or their salts or esters.
- These include, in particular, derivatives with aromatic groups, for example ortho, meta or para-substituted phenylboronic acids, in particular 4-formylphenylboronic acid (4-FPBA) or the salts or esters of the compounds mentioned.
- 4-FPBA 4-formylphenylboronic acid
- the latter compounds as enzyme stabilizers are disclosed, for example, in international patent application WO 96/41859 A1 (Novo Nordisk).
- boric acids and boric acid derivatives for example, often have the disadvantage that they form unwanted by-products with other ingredients of a composition, in particular detergent ingredients, so that they are no longer available for the desired cleaning purpose or even as an impurity in the compositions concerned stay behind on the laundry. Furthermore, boric acids or borates are considered to be disadvantageous from an environmental point of view.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a stabilization route for enzymes, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art as much as possible.
- the present invention therefore relates to the use of highly concentrated enzyme granules in enzyme-containing detergents or cleaners to increase the stability of enzymes.
- the washing or cleaning agent is a solid washing or cleaning agent, preferably a solid, tablet-formulated machine dishwashing detergent.
- the enzyme is preferably a protease, especially a subtilisin.
- the advantages to be achieved by this invention are illustrated by Examples 1 to 3 of the present application, without the invention and its embodiments being limited thereto. There it has been proven that, when using a highly concentrated enzyme granulate according to the invention within a machine dishwashing detergent formulation after several weeks storage at elevated temperature and humidity, a better cleaning performance can be achieved than with lower concentrated granules. This effect is surprisingly independent of the final concentration of the enzyme in question in the agent in question.
- enzyme granules are understood as meaning any solid form of preparation of enzymes, for example PrNls, granules, extrudates or particles obtainable by dripping, in each case in uncoated or mono- or multi-coated form.
- a preferred embodiment according to the invention is the use of a highly concentrated enzyme granulate, wherein the enzyme is a hydrolytic and / or an oxidative enzyme, preferably one or more of the following group: protease, amylase or CGTase, lipase, hemicellulase, in particular ⁇ -glucanase or mannanase, cellulase, in particular endoglucanase, cellobiohydrolase or a mixture thereof, and / or oxidoreductase, in particular choline oxidase and / or perhydrolase.
- These enzymes are basically of natural origin; Starting from the natural molecules, improved variants are available for use in detergents and cleaners, which are preferably used accordingly.
- highly concentrated enzyme granules are understood as meaning enzyme granules which contain enzymes, in particular proteases, in amounts of from 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight, particularly preferably from 6% by weight to 19% by weight
- Preferred amounts of the highly concentrated enzyme granules in amounts of 0.05 wt .-% to 9 wt .-%, in particular in amounts of 0, 1 wt .-% to 4.0 wt .-%, particularly preferably in Amounts of 3.0 wt .-% to 4.0 wt .-% used.
- Particularly in cleaning agents amounts of from 0.5% by weight to 9% by weight, more preferably from 3.0% by weight to 4.0% by weight, are used.
- a further subject of the present invention is an enzyme-containing washing or cleaning agent, which is characterized in that it contains enzymes stabilized by highly concentrated enzyme granules.
- An inventive composition contains at least one enzyme from the group of known, commonly used in detergents or cleaning agents enzymes.
- an agent according to the invention comprises at least one protease, particularly preferably at least one protease and at least one amylase.
- Suitable proteases are all known proteases of the prior art. Among them, subtilisin-type ones are preferable. Examples are the subtilisins BPN 'and Carlsberg and their further developed forms, the protease PB92, the subtilisins 147 and 309, the alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus (BLAP), subtilisin DY and the subtilases, but no longer the subtilisins in the narrower sense attributable Enzymes thermitase, proteinase K and the proteases TW3 and TW7. More preferably, the protease is a BLAP-type subtilisin.
- subtilisin BPN ' which is derived from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, or B. subtilis, is known from the work of Vasantha et al. (1984) in J. Bacteriol., Volume 159, pp. 81 1-819 and by JA Wells et al. (1983) in Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 11, pp. 791 1-7925.
- Subtilisin BPN ' serves as a reference enzyme of the subtilisins, in particular with regard to the numbering of the positions.
- Subtilisin Carlsberg is available in a further developed form under the trade name Alcalase® from Novozymes A / S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark.
- subtilisins 147 and 309 are sold under the trade names Esperase®, and Savinase® by the company Novozymes. They are originally from Bacillus strains, which are disclosed in the application GB 1243784 A. From the protease from Bacillus lentus DSM 5483 (WO 91/02792 A1) are derived from the variants listed under the name BLAP®, which in particular in WO 92/21760 A1, WO 95/23221 A1, WO 02/088340 A2 and WO 03 / 038082 A2 are described. Subtilisin DY is originally from Nedkov et al. Chem., 1985, Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler, Vol.
- proteases are, for example, those under the trade names Durazym®, Relase®, EverLase®, Nafizym, Natalase®, Kannase® and Ovozyme® from Novozymes, which are available under the trade names, Purafect®, Purafect® OxP, Purafect® Prime and Properase® from Genenecor, sold under the trade name Protosol® by Advanced Biochemicals Ltd., Thane, India, under the trade name Wuxi® by Wuxi Snyder Bioproducts Ltd., China, under the trade names Proleather ® and Protease P® from Amano Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Nagoya, Japan, and the enzyme available under the name Proteinase K-16 from Kao Corp., Tokyo, Japan.
- proteases used in the compositions according to the invention are either originally derived from microorganisms, for example from microorganisms of the genera Bacillus, Streptomyces, Humicola or Pseudomonas, and / or are produced by biotechnological methods known per se by suitable microorganisms, for example by transgenic expression hosts of the genera Bacillus or by filamentous fungi.
- amylases synonymous terms may be used, for example, 1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase or glycogenase.
- Preparable amylases according to the invention are preferably ⁇ -amylases.
- Crucial for determining whether an enzyme is an ⁇ -amylase according to the invention is its ability to hydrolyze a (1-4) -glycoside bonds in the amylose of the starch.
- Amylases which can be synthesized according to the invention are, for example, the ⁇ -amylases from Bacillus licheniformis, from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or from Bacillus stearothermophilus, and in particular also their further developments improved for use in detergents or cleaners.
- the enzyme from Bacillus licheniformis is available from the company Novozymes under the name Termamyl® and from the company Danisco / Genencor under the name Purastar® ST.
- ⁇ -amylase Further development products of this ⁇ -amylase are available from the company Novozymes under the trade names Duramyl® and Termamyl® ultra, from the company Danisco / Genencor under the name Purastar® OxAm and from the company Daiwa Seiko Inc., Tokyo, Japan, as Keistase®.
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ⁇ -amylase is sold by Novozymes under the name BAN®, and variants derived from Bacillus stearothermophilus ⁇ -amylase under the names BSG® and Novamyl®, also from Novozymes. Furthermore, for this purpose, the ⁇ -amylase from Bacillus sp.
- a 7-7 (DSM 12368) and cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) from Bacillus agaradherens (DSM 9948).
- CCTase cyclodextrin glucanotransferase
- fusion products of all the molecules mentioned can be used.
- the a-amylase from Aspergillus niger and A. oryzae available under the trade names Fungamyl® from the company Novozymes are suitable.
- Further advantageously usable commercial products are, for example, the Amylase-LT® and Stainzyme® or Stainzyme ultra® or Stainzyme plus®, the latter also from the company Novozymes.
- variants of these enzymes obtainable by point mutations can be used according to the invention.
- amylases are disclosed in International Published Applications WO 00/60060, WO 03/00271 1, WO 03/054177 and WO 07/079938, the disclosure of which is therefore expressly referred to, or the disclosure content of which in this respect is expressly included in the present patent application is included.
- Detergents or cleaning agents preferred according to the invention contain, based on their total weight, between 0.002 and 9.0% by weight, preferably between 0.02 and 6.0% by weight and in particular between 0.1 and 5.0% by weight.
- % Protease preparations Particularly preferred are detergents or cleaners which, based on their total weight, contain between 0.1 and 4.0% by weight of protease preparations.
- Detergents or cleaning agents preferred according to the invention contain, based on their total weight, between 0.001 and 5.0% by weight, preferably between 0.01 and 4.0% by weight and in particular between 0.05 and 3.0% by weight.
- % Amylase preparations Particularly preferred are detergents or cleaners which, based on their total weight, contain between 0.07 and 2.0% by weight of amylase preparations.
- the enzyme-containing washing or cleaning agent according to the invention is a detergent in tablet form, in another preferred embodiment a detergent in tablet form for cleaning hard surfaces, in particular dishes.
- an enzyme is to be understood as meaning a protein which has a specific biocatalytic function.
- protease is understood as meaning an enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds and is thereby able to cleave peptides or proteins.
- a protein is a polypeptide composed largely of linear structure composed of the natural amino acids and generally assuming a three-dimensional structure in order to perform its function.
- a peptide consists of amino acids that are covalently linked to each other via peptide bonds.
- the term polypeptide clarifies in this regard the fact that this peptide chain usually consists of many amino acids, which are connected to each other via peptide bonds.
- Amino acids can be in an L and a D configuration, with the amino acids that make up proteins in the L configuration. They are called proteinogenic amino acids.
- the proteinogenic, naturally occurring L-amino acids are referred to with the internationally used 1- and 3-letter codes.
- pre-proteins are formed as so-called pre-proteins, ie together with a signal peptide.
- a signal peptide By this is meant the N-terminal part of the protein, the function of which is usually to ensure the discharge of the protein formed from the producing cell into the periplasm or the surrounding medium and / or its correct folding.
- the signal peptide is cleaved under natural conditions by a signal peptidase from the rest of the protein, so that this exerts its actual catalytic activity without the initially present N-terminal amino acids.
- Pro-proteins are inactive precursors of proteins. Their signal sequence precursors are referred to as pre-pro proteins. For technical applications, due to their enzymatic activity, the mature, ie mature, peptides, ie the enzymes processed after their preparation, are preferred over the preproteins.
- the proteins may be modified by the cells producing them after production of the polypeptide chain, for example, by attachment of sugar molecules, formylations, aminations, etc. Such modifications are referred to as post-translational modifications. These post-translational modifications may or may not have an effect on the function of the protein.
- Proteases or enzymes in general can be prepared by various methods, e.g. targeted genetic modification by mutagenesis, further developed and optimized for specific uses or specific properties such as catalytic activity, stability, etc.
- Fragments are understood as meaning all proteins or peptides which are smaller than natural proteins and, for example, can be obtained synthetically. Due to their amino acid sequences, they can be assigned to the relevant complete proteins. For example, they may adopt the same structures or perform proteolytic or partial activities, such as the complexation of a substrate. Fragments and deletion variants of starting proteins are in principle similar; while fragments tend to be smaller fragments, the deletion mutants tend to lack only short regions, and thus only individual subfunctions.
- chimeras or hybrid proteins are to be understood as meaning those proteins whose sequence comprises the sequences or partial sequences of at least two starting proteins.
- the source proteins may be derived from different or from the same organism.
- Chimeric or hybrid proteins may be obtained, for example, by recombinant mutagenesis.
- the purpose of such recombination may be, for example, to induce or modify a certain enzymatic function by means of the fused-in protein part.
- proteins obtained by insertion mutation are meant those variants obtained by inserting a protein fragment into the starting sequences. They are due to their principle similarity to the chimeric proteins. They differ from those only in the size ratio of the unchanged protein part to the size of the entire protein. In such insertionsmut elected proteins, the proportion of foreign protein is lower than in chimeric proteins.
- Inversion mutagenesis ie a partial sequence reversal
- derivatives are understood as meaning those proteins whose pure amino acid chain has been chemically modified.
- derivatizations can be carried out, for example, biologically in connection with protein biosynthesis by the host cell.
- they can also be carried out chemically, for example by the chemical transformation of a side chain of an amino acid or by covalent binding of another compound to the protein.
- Such a compound may, for example, also be other proteins which are bound, for example via bifunctional chemical compounds, to proteins according to the invention.
- modifications may, for example, affect the substrate specificity or binding strength to the substrate or cause a temporary blockage of the enzymatic activity when the coupled substance is an inhibitor. This can be useful, for example, for the period of storage.
- the enzyme-containing agent is thus characterized in that the enzyme, preferably the protease, is present in the agent as a fragment, deletion variant, chimeric protein or derivative, the protease furthermore being catalytically active.
- compositions of the invention comprise all types of enzyme-containing agents, in particular mixtures, formulations, solutions, etc., whose enzyme stability is improved by adding the above-described highly concentrated enzyme granules.
- enzyme-containing agents in particular mixtures, formulations, solutions, etc.
- these may be, for example, solid mixtures, for example powders with freeze-dried or encapsulated proteins, or preferably gelatinous or liquid agents.
- an agent according to the invention is characterized in that it is a detergent, hand washing detergent, dishwashing detergent, hand dishwashing detergent, machine dishwashing detergent, cleaning agent, denture or contact lens care agent, rinse aid, disinfectant and especially a laundry detergent or dishwashing detergent.
- This invention includes all conceivable types of detergents or cleaners, both concentrates and undiluted agents to be used on a commercial scale, in the washing machine or in hand washing or cleaning.
- detergents or cleaners include, for example, detergents for textiles, carpets, or natural fibers, for which according to the present invention the term laundry detergent is used.
- laundry detergent includes, for example, dishwashing detergents for dishwashers or manual dishwashing detergents or cleaners for hard surfaces such as metal, glass, porcelain, ceramics, tiles, stone, painted surfaces, plastics, wood or leather; for such according to the present invention, the term cleaning agent is used.
- An agent according to the invention can be either a means for large consumers or technical users as well as a product for the private consumer, wherein all types of detergents and cleaning agents established in the prior art also constitute embodiments of the present invention.
- the washing or cleaning agents according to the invention may in principle comprise all known ingredients customary in such agents, at least one further ingredient being present in the composition.
- the agents according to the invention may in particular be builders, surfactants, bleaches based on organic and / or inorganic peroxygen compounds, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, enzymes, sequestering agents, electrolytes, pH regulators and other auxiliaries such as optical brighteners, grayness inhibitors, foam regulators and dyeing agents. and fragrances and combinations thereof.
- compositions according to the invention may comprise one or more surfactants, in particular anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof, but also cationic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants.
- Suitable nonionic surfactants are in particular alkyl glycosides and ethoxylation and / or propoxylation of alkyl glycosides or linear or branched alcohols each having 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety and 3 to 20, preferably 4 to 10 alkyl ether groups. Also suitable are ethoxylation and / or propoxylation products of N-alkylamines, vicinal diols, fatty acid esters and fatty acid amides, which correspond to said long-chain alcohol derivatives with respect to the alkyl moiety, and of alkylphenols having from 5 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical ,
- the nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary, alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol residue can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten.
- EO ethylene oxide
- alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example of coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and on average 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are preferred.
- the preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C12-C14 alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, Cg-Cn alcohols with 7 EO, cis-Cis alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C12-C18 alcohols. Alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of Ci2-Ci4-alcohol with 3 EO and Ci2-Ci8-alcohol with 7 EO.
- the stated degrees of ethoxylation represent statistical averages, which for a particular product may be an integer or a fractional number.
- Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow rank ethoxylates, NRE).
- fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include (tallow) fatty alcohols with 14 EO, 16 EO, 20 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.
- extremely low-foam compounds are used. These include preferably Ci2-Ci8-alkylpolyethylenglykol-polypropylene glycol ethers each with at 8 mol ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in the molecule.
- the nonionic surfactants also include alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) x in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular 2-methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose.
- the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is an arbitrary number - which, as a variable to be determined analytically, can also be fractions, is between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1, 2 to 1, 4.
- polyhydroxyfatty acid amides of the formula (III) in which R is CO for an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R 2 is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] is a linear or branched one Polyhydroxyalkyl having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups is:
- the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are preferably derived from reducing sugars having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, in particular from glucose.
- the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (IV)
- R 3 -CO-N- [Z] in the R 3 is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 4 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene radical or an arylene radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 5 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preference being given to C 1 -C 4 -alkyl or phenyl radicals
- [Z] is a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is at least is substituted two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated derivatives of this group.
- [Z] is also here preferably by reductive amination of a sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose receive.
- a sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose receive.
- the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, for example by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.
- nonionic surfactants used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, in particular together with alkoxylated fatty alcohols and / or alkyl glycosides, are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, especially fatty acid methyl ester.
- Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable.
- nonionic surfactants are so-called gemini surfactants. These are generally understood as meaning those compounds which have two hydrophilic groups per molecule. These groups are usually separated by a so-called "spacer". This spacer is typically a carbon chain that should be long enough for the hydrophilic groups to be spaced sufficiently apart for them to act independently of each other. Such surfactants are generally characterized by an unusually low critical micelle concentration and the ability to greatly reduce the surface tension of the water. In exceptional cases, the term gemini surfactants not only such "dimer”, but also corresponding to "trimeric” surfactants understood.
- Suitable gemini surfactants are, for example, sulfated hydroxy mixed ethers or dimer alcohol bis- and trimeralcohol tris sulfates and ether sulfates. End-capped dimeric and trimeric mixed ethers are characterized in particular by their bi- and multi-functionality. Thus, the end-capped surfactants mentioned have good wetting properties and are low-foaming, so that they are particularly suitable for use in automatic washing or cleaning processes. However, it is also possible to use gemini-polyhydroxy fatty acid amides or poly-polyhydroxy fatty acid amides.
- sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C 7 -C 20 -alcohols ethoxylated with from 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide such as 2-methyl-branched C 9 -C 20 alcohols having on average 3.5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12 -C 18 -fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO.
- EO ethylene oxide
- the preferred anionic surfactants also include the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic esters, and which are monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
- alcohols preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
- Preferred sulfosuccinates contain Cs to Cis fatty alcohol residues or mixtures of these.
- Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which by themselves are nonionic surfactants.
- Sulfosuccinates whose fatty alcohol residues are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are again particularly preferred.
- alk (en) ylsuccinic acid having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.
- Further anionic surfactants are fatty acid Derivatives of amino acids, for example of N-methyltaurine (Tauride) and / or of N-methylglycine (sarcosides) into consideration.
- sarcosides or the sarcosinates and here especially sarcosinates of higher and optionally monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids such as oleyl sarcosinate.
- anionic surfactants are particularly soaps into consideration.
- Particularly suitable are saturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and, in particular, soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids. Together with these soaps or as a substitute for soaps, it is also possible to use the known alkenylsuccinic acid salts.
- the anionic surfactants may be in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
- the anionic surfactants are preferably present in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.
- Surfactants are present in inventive compositions in proportions of preferably 5 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%, in particular from 8 wt .-% to 30 wt .-%.
- builders such as silicates, aluminum silicates (especially zeolites), salts of organic di- and polycarboxylic acids and mixtures of these substances, preferably water-soluble builders, may be advantageous.
- the use of phosphates is largely or completely omitted.
- the agent in this embodiment preferably contains less than 5% by weight, more preferably less than 3% by weight, in particular less than 1% by weight of phosphate (s).
- the agent is completely phosphate-free, i. the agents contain less than 0.1% by weight of phosphate (s).
- the builders include in particular carbonates, citrates, phosphonates,
- the proportion by weight of the total builders in the total weight of compositions according to the invention is preferably from 15 to 80% by weight and in particular from 20 to 70% by weight.
- Organic builders suitable according to the invention are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids (polycarboxylates) which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids being understood to mean those carboxylic acids which have more than one, especially two to eight, acid functions, preferably two to six, in particular two, three, four or five acid functions carry throughout the molecule.
- Preferred polycarboxylic acids are thus dicarboxylic acids, tricarboxylic acids, tetracarboxylic acids and pentacarboxylic acids, in particular di-, tri- and tetracarboxylic acids.
- the polycarboxylic acids may carry further functional groups, such as hydroxyl or amino groups.
- these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, Glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids (preferably aldaric acids, for example galactaric acid and glucaric acid), aminocarboxylic acids, in particular aminodicarboxylic acids, aminotricarboxylic acids, aminotetracarboxylic acids, for example nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), glutamine-N, N- diacetic acid (also referred to as N, N-bis (carboxymethyl) -L-glutamic acid or the GLDA), methylglycinediacetic acid (MGDA)) and their derivatives and mixtures thereof.
- Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, GLDA, MGDA and mixtures thereof.
- organic builders are polymeric polycarboxylates (organic polymers having a multiplicity of (in particular greater than 10) carboxylate functions in the macromolecule), polyaspartates, polyacetals and dextrins.
- the free acids also typically have the property of an acidifying component and can thus, if desired, also serve to set a lower pH.
- an acidifying component can thus, if desired, also serve to set a lower pH.
- citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any desired mixtures of these can be mentioned here.
- Particularly preferred cleaning agents according to the invention in particular dishwashing agents, preferably automatic dishwasher detergents, contain one or more salts of citric acid, ie citrates, as one of their essential builders. These are preferably in a proportion of 2 to 40 wt .-%, in particular from 5 to 30 wt .-%, particularly from 7 to 28 wt .-%, particularly preferably 10 to 25 wt .-%, most preferably 15 to Contain 20 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the composition.
- dishwashing detergents preferably automatic dishwashing detergents
- dishwashing detergents are characterized in that they contain at least two builders from the group of silicates, phosphonates, carbonates, aminocarboxylic acids and citrates, the weight fraction of these builders, based on the total weight of the inventive detergent, preferably 5 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 15 to 60 wt .-% and in particular 20 to 50 wt .-% is.
- the combination of two or more builders from the above-mentioned group has proven to be advantageous for the cleaning and rinsing performance of cleaning agents according to the invention, in particular dishwashing detergents, preferably automatic dishwashing detergents.
- one or more other builders may additionally be present.
- Preferred cleaning agents, in particular dishwashing agents, preferably automatic dishwasher detergents are characterized by a builder combination of citrate and carbonate and / or bicarbonate.
- a mixture of carbonate and citrate is used, the amount of carbonate preferably being from 5 to 40% by weight, in particular from 10 to 35% by weight, very particularly preferably from 15 to 30% by weight. and the amount of citrate is preferably from 5 to 35 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 25 wt .-%, most preferably 15 to 20 wt .-%, each based on the total amount of the cleaning agent, wherein the total amount of these two Builders preferably 20 to 65 wt .-%, in particular 25 to 60 wt .-%, preferably 30 to 50 wt .-%, is. In addition, one or more further builders may additionally be included.
- the detergents according to the invention may in particular contain phosphonates as further builder.
- the phosphonate compound used is preferably a hydroxyalkane and / or aminoalkane phosphonate.
- HEDP 1-hydroxyethane-1, 1-diphosphonate
- Preferred aminoalkane phosphonates are ethylene diaminedetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP), diethylene triamine pentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP) and their higher homologs.
- Phosphonates are preferably present in compositions according to the invention in amounts of from 0.1 to 10% by weight, in particular in amounts of from 0.5 to 8% by weight, very particularly preferably from 2.5 to 7.5% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the agent.
- citrate particularly preferred is the combined use of citrate, (hydrogen) carbonate and phosphonate. These can be used in the above quantities. In particular, in this combination amounts of, in each case based on the total weight of the composition, 10 to 25 wt .-% citrate, 10 to 30 wt .-% carbonate (or bicarbonate), and 2.5 to 7.5 wt .-% Phosphonate used.
- Further particularly preferred cleaning agents in particular dishwashing agents, preferably automatic dishwasher detergents, are characterized in that in addition to citrate and (hydrogen) carbonate and optionally phosphonate they contain at least one further phosphorus-free builder.
- this is selected from the aminocarboxylic acids, wherein the further phosphorus-free builder is preferably selected from methylglycinediacetic acid (MGDA), glutamic acid diacetate (GLDA), aspartic acid diacetate (ASDA), hydroxyethyliminodiacetate (HEIDA), iminodisuccinate (IDS) and ethylenediamine disuccinate (EDDS) , more preferably from MGDA or GLDA.
- MGDA methylglycinediacetic acid
- GLDA glutamic acid diacetate
- ASDA aspartic acid diacetate
- HEIDA hydroxyethyliminodiacetate
- IDS iminodisuccinate
- EDDS ethylenediamine disuccinate
- the percentage by weight of the further phosphorus-free builder, in particular of the MGDA and / or GLDA, is preferably 0 to 40% by weight, in particular 5 to 30% by weight, especially 7 to 25% by weight.
- Particularly preferred is the use of MGDA or GLDA, in particular MGDA, as granules.
- MGDA or GLDA in particular MGDA
- MGDA as granules.
- MGDA granules which contain as little water as possible and / or have a lower hygroscopicity (water absorption at 25 ° C., normal pressure) compared to the non-granulated powder.
- polymeric polycarboxylates are furthermore suitable; these are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those having a relative molecular mass of from 500 to 70,000 g / mol.
- Suitable polymers are, in particular, polyacrylates which preferably have a molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates, which have molar masses of from 2000 to 10000 g / mol, and particularly preferably from 3000 to 5000 g / mol, may again be preferred from this group.
- the content of the cleaning agents according to the invention, in particular dishwashing agents, preferably automatic dishwashing agents, of (homo) polymeric polycarboxylates is preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, preferably 2 to 15% by weight and in particular 4 to 10% by weight.
- Suitable, albeit less preferred, compounds of this class are copolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with vinyl ethers, such as vinylmethyl ethers, vinyl esters, ethylene, propylene and styrene, in which the proportion of the acid is at least 50% by weight. It is also possible to use terpolymers which contain two unsaturated acids and / or salts thereof as monomers and also vinyl alcohol and / or an esterified vinyl alcohol or a carbohydrate as the third monomer as water-soluble organic builder substances.
- the first acidic monomer or its salt is derived from a monoethylenically unsaturated C3-Cs-carboxylic acid and preferably from a C3-C4-monocarboxylic acid, in particular from (meth) -acrylic acid.
- the second acidic monomer or its salt may be a derivative of a C4-Cs dicarboxylic acid, with maleic acid being particularly preferred, and / or a derivative of an allylsulfonic acid substituted in the 2-position with an alkyl or aryl radical.
- Such polymers generally have a molecular weight between 1,000 and 200,000.
- Further preferred copoly mers are those which have as monomers preferably acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or vinyl acetate.
- Cleaning agents according to the invention particularly dishwasher detergents, preferably automatic dishwashing agents may continue as builder crystalline layered silicates of general formula NaMSix02x + 1 ⁇ y H20, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1, 9 to 22, preferably from 1, 9 to 4, with particularly preferred values for x being 2, 3 or 4, and y being a number from 0 to 33, preferably from 0 to 20.
- amorphous sodium silicates having a modulus Na 2 O: SiO 2 of from 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular from 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, which are preferably delayed in dissolution and secondary wash properties.
- the content of silicates is limited to amounts below 10% by weight, preferably below 5% by weight and in particular below 2% by weight ,
- Crystalline or amorphous alkali metal aluminosilicates in amounts of up to 50% by weight, preferably not more than 40% by weight, and in liquid agents, in particular from 1% by weight to 5% by weight, are particularly suitable as water-insoluble, water-dispersible inorganic builder materials.
- these are the crystalline detergent grade sodium aluminosilicates, in particular zeolite A, P and optionally X, alone or in mixtures, for example in the form of a cocrystal of zeolites A and X (Vegobond® AX, a commercial product of Condea Augusta SpA). , prefers.
- Quantities near the upper limit mentioned are preferably used in solid, particulate agents.
- suitable aluminosilicates have no particles with a particle size greater than 30 ⁇ m, and preferably consist of at least 80% by weight of particles having a size of less than 10 ⁇ m.
- Their calcium binding capacity which can be determined according to the specifications of the German patent DE 24 12 837, is generally in the range of 100 to 200 mg CaO per gram.
- Suitable substitutes or partial substitutes for the said aluminosilicate are crystalline alkali silicates which may be present alone or in a mixture with amorphous silicates.
- the alkali metal silicates useful as builders in the compositions according to the invention preferably have a molar ratio of alkali metal oxide to SiO 2 below 0.95, in particular from 1: 1, 1 to 1: 12, and may be present in amorphous or crystalline form.
- Preferred alkali metal silicates are the sodium silicates, in particular the amorphous sodium silicates, with a molar ratio of Na 2 O: SiO 2 of from 1: 2 to 1: 2.8.
- Crystalline silicates which may be present alone or in a mixture with amorphous silicates are preferably crystalline phyllosilicates of the general formula Na.sub.2Six.sub.2O.sub.2 + H.sub.2O.sub.2O, in which x, the so-called modulus, is a number from 1.9 to 22, in particular 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 33 and preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4.
- Preferred crystalline layered silicates are those in which x in the aforementioned general formula assumes the values 2 or 3. In particular, both .beta.
- .delta.-sodium disilicates Na.sub.2Si.sub.20.sub.y H.sub.2O
- amorphous alkali silicates practically anhydrous crystalline alkali silicates of the abovementioned general formula in which x is a number from 1, 9 to 2.1, can be used in inventive compositions.
- a crystalline sodium layer silicate with a modulus of 2 to 3 is used, as can be prepared from sand and soda. Crystalline sodium silicates with a modulus in the range of 1.9 to 3.5 are used in a further preferred embodiment of compositions according to the invention.
- Crystalline layer-form silicates of the formula (I) given above are sold by Clariant GmbH under the trade name Na-SKS, eg Na-SKS-1 (Na 2 Si 2 O 4 x H 2 O, kenyaite), Na-SKS-2 (Na 2 Sii 40 2 9 x H 2 0, magadiite), Na-SKS-3 (Na 2 Si80i7 xH 2 0) or Na-SKS-4 (Na 2 Si409 xH 2 0, makatite).
- Na-SKS eg Na-SKS-1 (Na 2 Si 2 O 4 x H 2 O, kenyaite)
- Na-SKS-2 Na 2 Sii 40 2 9 x H 2 0, magadiite
- Na-SKS-3 Na 2 Si80i7 xH 2 0
- Na-SKS-4 Na 2 Si409 xH 2 0, makatite
- Na-SKS-5 ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 05
- Na-SKS-7 ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 05, natrosilite
- Na-SKS-9 NaHSi 2 O 5 3H 2 O
- Na-SKS-10 NaHSi20 5 3H 2 0, kanemite
- Na-SKS-11 t-Na 2 Si 2 05
- Na-SKS-13 NaHSi 2 0 5
- Na-SKS-6 5-Na 2 Si 2 05.
- composition according to the invention a granular compound of crystalline phyllosilicate and citrate, of crystalline phyllosilicate and of the above-mentioned (co-) polymeric polycarboxylic acid, or of alkali silicate and alkali metal carbonate, such as, for example, commercially available under the name Nabion® 15, is used ,
- the builder substances are contained in the compositions according to the invention, in particular in detergents, preferably in amounts of up to 75% by weight, in particular 5% by weight to 50.
- the washing or cleaning agents according to the invention may furthermore comprise alkali metal hydroxides.
- alkali carriers are preferably present only in small amounts, preferably in amounts below 10% by weight, preferably below 6% by weight, preferably below 5% by weight, particularly preferably in the detergents or cleaners and in particular in the second phases 0.1 and 5 wt .-% and in particular between 0.5 and 5 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the detergent or cleaning agent used.
- Alternative cleaning agents according to the invention are free of alkali metal hydroxides.
- suitable peroxygen compounds are in particular organic peracids or pers acid salts of organic acids, such as phthalimidopercaproic acid, perbenzoic acid or salts of diperdodecanedioic acid, hydrogen peroxide and under the washing conditions hydrogen peroxide donating inorganic salts, which include perborate, percarbonate, persilicate and / or persulfate Caroat belong into consideration.
- organic peracids or pers acid salts of organic acids such as phthalimidopercaproic acid, perbenzoic acid or salts of diperdodecanedioic acid, hydrogen peroxide and under the washing conditions hydrogen peroxide donating inorganic salts, which include perborate, percarbonate, persilicate and / or persulfate Caroat belong into consideration.
- solid peroxygen compounds are to be used, they can be used in the form of powders or granules, which can also be enveloped in a manner known in principle.
- an agent according to the invention contains peroxygen compounds, they are present in amounts of preferably up to 50% by weight, in particular from 5% by weight to 30% by weight.
- bleach stabilizers such as phosphonates, borates or metaborates and metasilicates and magnesium salts such as magnesium sulfate may be useful.
- bleach activators it is possible to use compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid.
- Suitable substances are those which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the stated C atom number and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
- polyacylated alkylenediamines in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexa-hydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU ), N-acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, in particular n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate, 2,5-diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran and enol esters, acyl
- hydrophilic substituted acyl acetals and the acyl lactams are also preferably used.
- Combinations of conventional bleach activators can also be used.
- Such bleach activators can, in particular in the presence of the abovementioned hydrogen peroxide-supplied bleach, in the usual amount range, preferably in amounts of from 0.5 wt .-% to 10 wt .-%, in particular 1 wt .-% to 8 wt .-%, based on However, total agent, be included, missing when using percarboxylic acid as the sole bleach, preferably completely.
- sulfone imines and / or bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes may also be present as so-called bleach catalysts.
- organic solvents which can be used in addition to water include alcohols having 1 to 4 C atoms, in particular methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and tert-butanol, diols having 2 to 4 C -Atomen, in particular ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, and mixtures thereof and derived from the classes of compounds mentioned ether.
- Such water-miscible solvents are preferably present in the compositions according to the invention in amounts of not more than 30% by weight, in particular from 6% by weight to 20% by weight.
- compositions of the invention system and environmentally friendly acids especially citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid and / or Adipic acid, but also mineral acids, in particular sulfuric acid, or bases, in particular ammonium or alkali hydroxides.
- pH regulators are present in the compositions according to the invention in amounts of preferably not more than 20% by weight, in particular from 1.2% by weight to 17% by weight.
- Graying inhibitors have the task of keeping suspended from the textile fiber dirt suspended in the fleet.
- Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this purpose, for example starch, glue, gelatin, salts of ether carboxylic acids or ether sulfonic acids of starch or of cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.
- water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are suitable for this purpose.
- starch derivatives can be used, for example aldehyde starches.
- cellulose ethers such as carboxymethylcellulose (sodium salt), methylcellulose, hydroxyalkylcellulose and mixed ethers, such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, methylcarboxymethylcellulose and mixtures thereof, for example in amounts of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the compositions used.
- Detergents according to the invention may contain as optical brighteners, for example, derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid or their alkali metal salts, although they are preferably free from optical brighteners for use as color washing agents.
- optical brighteners for example, derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid or their alkali metal salts, although they are preferably free from optical brighteners for use as color washing agents.
- salts of 4,4'-bis (2-anilino-4-morpholino-1, 3,5-triazinyl-6-amino) stilbene-2,2'-disulphonic acid or similarly constructed compounds which are substituted for the morpholino Group carry a diethanolamine, a methylamino group, an anilino group or a 2-methoxyethylamino group.
- brighteners of the substituted diphenylstyrene type may be present, for example the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) -diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) -diphenyl, or 4- (4-chlorostyryl) -4 '- (2-sulfostyryl) -diphenyls.
- Mixtures of the aforementioned optical brightener can be used.
- Suitable foam inhibitors are, for example, soaps of natural or synthetic origin, which have a high proportion of cis-C24 fatty acids.
- Suitable non-surfactant foam inhibitors are, for example, organopolysiloxanes and mixtures thereof with microfine, optionally silanized silica and paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline waxes and mixtures thereof with silanated silicic acid or bis-fatty acid alkylenediamides. It is also advantageous to use mixtures of various foam inhibitors, for example those of silicones, paraffins or waxes.
- the foam inhibitors, especially silicone and / or paraffin-containing foam inhibitors are a granular, water-soluble or dispersible carrier substance bound. In particular, mixtures of paraffins and bistearylethylenediamide are preferred.
- compositions according to the invention in particular washing or cleaning agents, the enzymes to be stabilized, preferably proteases, and the highly concentrated enzyme granules are combined, for example, with one or more of the following ingredients: nonionic, anionic and / or cationic surfactants, (if appropriate further) bleaches, Bleach activators, bleach catalysts, builders and / or cobuilders, acids, alkaline substances, hydrotropes, solvents, thickeners, sequestering agents, electrolytes, optical brighteners, grayness inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, in particular silver protectants (silver corrosion inhibitors), disintegration aids, soil release agents, color transfer (or Transfer) - inhibitors, foam inhibitors, abrasives, dyes, fragrances, perfumes, antimicrobial agents, UV protectants or -Absorbenzien, antistatic agents, pearlescing agents and skin protection agents, other enzymes such as For example, protease, amylase, cellulase, hemicell
- an agent according to the invention is therefore characterized in that it contains at least one further component selected from the group consisting of surfactants, builders, acids, alkaline substances, hydrotropes, solvents, thickeners, bleaching agents, dyes, perfumes, corrosion inhibitors , Sequestering agents, electrolytes, optical brighteners, grayness inhibitors, silver corrosion inhibitors, color transfer inhibitors, foam inhibitors, disintegration aids, abrasives, UV absorbers, solvents, antistatic agents, pearlescers and skin protection agents.
- the ingredients to be selected as well as the conditions under which the agent is used, such as temperature, pH, ionic strength, redox ratios or mechanical influences, should be optimized for the particular cleaning problem.
- normal temperatures for detergents and cleaners range from 10 ° C for manual agents above 40 ° C and 60 ° C up to 95 ° for mechanical or technical applications. Since the temperature is usually infinitely adjustable in modern washing machines and dishwashers, all intermediate stages of the temperature are included.
- the ingredients of the respective agents are coordinated.
- an agent according to the invention in particular a washing or cleaning agent, further comprises
- grayness inhibitor 0.01 to 5% by weight of grayness inhibitor and / or
- the agent may further comprise optical brighteners, preferably from 0.01% to 5% by weight.
- compositions according to the invention presents no difficulties and can be carried out in a known manner, for example by spray drying or granulation, enzymes and any other thermally sensitive ingredients, such as bleach, may be added separately later, if desired.
- inventive compositions having an increased bulk density in particular in the range from 650 g / l to 950 g / l, a process comprising an extrusion step is preferred.
- compositions according to the invention in tablet form, which may be monophasic or multiphase, monochromatic or multicolor and in particular consist of one or more layers, in particular two layers
- the procedure is preferably such that all constituents - if appropriate one per layer - in one Mixer mixed together and the mixture by means of conventional tablet presses, such as eccentric or rotary presses, pressed with compressive forces in the range of about 50 to 100 kN, preferably at 60 to 70 kN.
- a tablet produced in this way has a weight of 10 g to 50 g, in particular 15 g up to 40 g.
- the spatial form of the tablets is arbitrary and can be round, oval or angular, with intermediate forms are also possible. Corners and edges are advantageously rounded. Round tablets preferably have a diameter of 30 mm to 40 mm.
- the size of rectangular or cuboid-shaped tablets, which are introduced predominantly via the metering device, for example the dishwasher, is dependent on the geometry and the volume of this metering device.
- Exemplary preferred embodiments have a base area of (20 to 30 mm) x (34 to 40 mm), in particular of 26x36 mm or 24x38 mm.
- Liquid or pasty compositions according to the invention in the form of customary solvent-containing solutions are generally prepared by simply mixing the ingredients, which can be added in bulk or as a solution in an automatic mixer.
- Embodiments of the present invention thus encompass all such solid, powdered, liquid, gelatinous or paste-like administration forms of the compositions, which if appropriate can also consist of several phases and can be present in compressed or uncompressed form.
- a further embodiment of the invention therefore represents agents which are characterized in that they are present as a one-component system. Such means preferably consist of one phase. Of course, means according to the invention may also consist of several phases. In a further embodiment of the invention, the washing or cleaning agent is therefore characterized in that it is divided into several components.
- the solid dosage forms according to the invention also include extrudates, granules, tablets or pouches, which may be present both in large packages and in portions.
- the agent is present as a free-flowing powder, in particular with a bulk density of 300 g / l to 1200 g / l, in particular 500 g / l to 900 g / l or 600 g / l to 850 g / l.
- the agent according to the invention in particular washing or cleaning agent, can be packaged in a container, preferably an air-permeable container, from which it is released shortly before use or during the washing process.
- Agents according to the invention may also contain further proteases or other enzymes in a concentration which is appropriate for the effectiveness of the agent.
- a further subject of the invention thus represents agents which further comprise one or more further enzymes, wherein in principle all enzymes established in the prior art for these purposes can be used.
- Preferred enzymes which can be used are all enzymes which can develop a catalytic activity in the agent according to the invention, in particular proteases, amylases, cellulases, hemicellulases, mannanases, tannases, xylanases, xanthanases, ⁇ -glucosidases, carrageenases, oxides , Oxidoreductases, pectin degrading enzymes (pectinases) or lipases, and preferably mixtures thereof.
- These enzymes are basically of natural origin; Starting from the natural molecules, improved variants are available for use in detergents and cleaners, which are preferably used accordingly.
- compositions according to the invention preferably contain enzymes in total amounts of 1 ⁇ 10 -8 to 5 percent by weight, based on active protein.
- the enzymes are from 0.00001 to 5 wt%, more preferably from 0.0001 to 2.5 wt%, even more preferably from 0.0001 to 1 wt%, and most preferably from 0.0001 to 0.072 wt .-% in inventive compositions, wherein each enzyme contained may be present in the proportions mentioned.
- the protein concentration can be determined by known methods, for example, the BCA method (bicinchoninic acid, 2,2'-biquinolyl-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid) or the biuret method (AG Gornall, CS Bardawill and MM David, J. Biol. Chem., 177 (1948), pp. 751-766).
- the further enzymes particularly preferably support the effect of the agent, for example the cleaning performance of a washing or cleaning agent, with regard to certain stains or stains.
- the enzymes show synergistic effects with respect to their action against certain stains or stains, ie the enzymes contained in the middle composition mutually support each other in their cleaning performance.
- the agent according to the invention is thus characterized in that it contains at least one further enzyme which is a protease, Amylase, cellulase, hemicellulase, mannanase, tannase, xylanase, xanthanase, ⁇ -glucosidase, carrageenase, oxidase, oxidoreductase, pectin degrading enzyme or a lipase.
- a protease Amylase, cellulase, hemicellulase, mannanase, tannase, xylanase, xanthanase, ⁇ -glucosidase, carrageenase, oxidase, oxidoreductase, pectin degrading enzyme or a lipase.
- protease activity in such agents can be determined by the method described in Tenside, Vol. 7 (1970), pp. 125-132. It is given in PE (protease units) accordingly.
- the protease activity can be determined via the release of the chromophore para-nitroaniline (pNA) from the substrate suc-L-Ala-L-Ala-L-Pro-L-Phe-p-Nitroanilide (AAPF).
- the protease cleaves the substrate and releases pNA.
- the release of pNA causes an increase in absorbance at 410 nm, the time course of which is a measure of the enzymatic activity.
- the measurement is carried out at a temperature of 25 ° C, at pH 8.6, and a wavelength of 410 nm.
- the measuring time is 5 min and the measuring interval 20s to 60s.
- the enzymes used in agents of the invention are either originally from microorganisms, such as the genera Bacillus, Streptomyces, Humicola, or Pseudomonas, and / or are produced by biotechnological methods known per se by suitable microorganisms, for example by transgenic expression hosts of the genera Bacillus or by filamentous fungi ,
- Another own subject of the invention is a process for the cleaning of textiles or of hard surfaces, in which an enzyme-containing detergent or cleaning agent according to the invention is active in at least one process step.
- the process for the cleaning of textiles or hard surfaces is accordingly characterized in that an agent according to the invention is used in at least one process step.
- Methods for cleaning textiles are generally distinguished by the fact that various cleaning-active substances are applied to the items to be cleaned in a plurality of process steps and washed off after the action time, or that the items to be cleaned are otherwise treated with a detergent or a solution of this agent.
- processes for cleaning all other materials than textiles which are summarized by the term hard surfaces. All conceivable washing or cleaning methods can be enriched in at least one of the method steps by an agent according to the invention, and then represent embodiments of the present invention.
- the enzymes are used in an amount of from 40 ⁇ g to 4 g, preferably from 50 ⁇ g to 3 g, more preferably from 100 ⁇ g to 2 g and most preferably from 200 ⁇ g to 1 g per application.
- a further subject of the invention is a process for the treatment of textile raw materials or for textile care, in which an enzyme-containing detergent or cleaning agent according to the invention is active in at least one process step.
- These may be, for example, processes in which materials for processing in textiles are prepared, for example for anti-fungal finishing, or, for example, for processes which enrich the cleaning of worn textiles with a nourishing component.
- processes in which materials for processing in textiles are prepared for example for anti-fungal finishing, or, for example, for processes which enrich the cleaning of worn textiles with a nourishing component.
- they are processes for the treatment of textile raw materials, fibers or textiles with natural constituents, in particular with wool or silk.
- the tablet weight was 20g.
- the granules are available under the name Blaze Evity 100T and Blaze Evity 125T from Novozymes.
- the cleaning performance describes the ability of a dishwashing detergent, in particular a dishwasher detergent, to partially or completely remove an existing soiling.
- the cleaning performance of the composition of Formulation Example 1 was tested on a total of six different stubborn stains. In each case, protease granules with different protease concentrations according to Example 1 were added to the agent used.
- the determination of the cleaning performance was carried out after a storage period of the protease granules containing agent of 8 weeks at 30 ° C and 80% humidity.
- the dishwashing process was carried out in the dishwasher Miele GSL (program: 50 ° C., program duration 57 min, water hardness 21 "German hardness)
- the dishwasher tablet was added to the dosing device before the start of the cleaning program.
- the activity of the samples was determined by means of a test method in which
- the enzyme-containing sample is incubated under standardized conditions with the substrate N, N-dimethyl casein.
- Proteolysis in sodium sulfite solution at 50 ° C produces primary amino groups which react with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid to form a stable, yellow dye.
- the detection is then carried out at 420 nm in the flow, as in A.F.S.A. HABEEB, Determination of Amino Groups in Proteins by Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid, Analy. Biochemistry 14, 328-336 (1966).
- CPE enzyme activity units
- the cleaning performance should have been the same when using 0.8 times Blaze 125T to Blaze 100T.
- Blaze 125T was less active than expected. Therefore, not the same active content was used in the cleaning performance test, but a smaller amount Blaze 125T (Table 3 right column).
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015217816.1A DE102015217816A1 (de) | 2015-09-17 | 2015-09-17 | Verwendung hochkonzentrierter Enzymgranulate zur Erhöhung der Lagerstabilität von Enzymen |
| PCT/EP2016/071023 WO2017045979A1 (de) | 2015-09-17 | 2016-09-07 | Verwendung hochkonzentrierter enzymgranulate zur erhöhung der lagerstabilität von enzymen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3353274A1 true EP3353274A1 (de) | 2018-08-01 |
| EP3353274B1 EP3353274B1 (de) | 2020-11-04 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16760749.8A Revoked EP3353274B1 (de) | 2015-09-17 | 2016-09-07 | Verwendung hochkonzentrierter enzymgranulate zur erhöhung der lagerstabilität von enzymen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3353274B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102015217816A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2837049T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2017045979A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (53)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA888690A (en) | 1966-04-25 | 1971-12-21 | B. Mccarty Charles | Enzyme-containing detergent compositions |
| GB1234445A (de) | 1967-10-03 | 1971-06-03 | ||
| US3650967A (en) | 1969-09-15 | 1972-03-21 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Enzymatic granules |
| DE2038103A1 (de) | 1970-07-31 | 1972-02-10 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Waessrige Reinigungsmittelkonzentrate mit einem Gehalt an stabilisierten Enzymen |
| AT330930B (de) | 1973-04-13 | 1976-07-26 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von festen, schuttfahigen wasch- oder reinigungsmitteln mit einem gehalt an calcium bindenden substanzen |
| GB1590432A (en) | 1976-07-07 | 1981-06-03 | Novo Industri As | Process for the production of an enzyme granulate and the enzyme granuate thus produced |
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| US5733763A (en) | 1988-08-19 | 1998-03-31 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Enzyme granulate formed of an enzyme-containing core and an enzyme-containing shell |
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| DE4041752A1 (de) | 1990-12-24 | 1992-06-25 | Henkel Kgaa | Enzymzubereitung fuer wasch- und reinigungsmittel |
| US5340735A (en) | 1991-05-29 | 1994-08-23 | Cognis, Inc. | Bacillus lentus alkaline protease variants with increased stability |
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| NZ505298A (en) | 1997-12-20 | 2002-10-25 | Genencor Int | Enzyme (protease) granule formulations with salt hydrate and polymer coating having high solubility and increased stability |
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-
2015
- 2015-09-17 DE DE102015217816.1A patent/DE102015217816A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-09-07 EP EP16760749.8A patent/EP3353274B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2016-09-07 WO PCT/EP2016/071023 patent/WO2017045979A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2016-09-07 ES ES16760749T patent/ES2837049T3/es active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| D46 - Novozymes A/S Versuchsbericht, 2009, eingereicht als D32 während des Einspruchsverfahrens gegen EP 1 224 273 B am 11. November 2009 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2017045979A1 (de) | 2017-03-23 |
| DE102015217816A1 (de) | 2017-03-23 |
| ES2837049T3 (es) | 2021-06-29 |
| EP3353274B1 (de) | 2020-11-04 |
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