EP3350358B1 - Kathodenboden zur herstellung von aluminium - Google Patents

Kathodenboden zur herstellung von aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3350358B1
EP3350358B1 EP16766325.1A EP16766325A EP3350358B1 EP 3350358 B1 EP3350358 B1 EP 3350358B1 EP 16766325 A EP16766325 A EP 16766325A EP 3350358 B1 EP3350358 B1 EP 3350358B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cathode
graphite
cathode block
filler
block
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16766325.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3350358A1 (de
Inventor
Rainer Schmitt
Martin Christ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tokai Cobex GmbH
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Cobex GmbH
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Priority to PL16766325T priority Critical patent/PL3350358T3/pl
Publication of EP3350358A1 publication Critical patent/EP3350358A1/de
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Publication of EP3350358B1 publication Critical patent/EP3350358B1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/935—Seal made of a particular material
    • Y10S277/936—Composite
    • Y10S277/938—Carbon or graphite particle or filament

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cathode bottom, a process for its production and its use in an electrolytic cell for the production of aluminum.
  • An electrolytic cell generally comprises a tray of sheet iron or steel whose bottom is lined with thermal insulation.
  • cathode blocks made of carbon or graphite which are connected to the negative pole of a power source, form the bottom of another trough, the wall of which consists of side stones made of carbon, graphite or silicon carbide.
  • a gap is formed between two cathode blocks in each case a gap is formed.
  • the arrangement of the cathode block and possibly filled gap is generally referred to as the cathode bottom.
  • the joints between the cathode blocks are conventionally filled by ramming mass of carbon and / or graphite based on coal tar. This serves to seal against molten components and to compensate for mechanical stresses during commissioning.
  • the anode is usually carbon blocks, which depend on a connected to the positive pole of the power source support frame.
  • an electrolytic cell is a molten mixture of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and cryolite (Na 3 AlF 6 ), preferably about 2 to 5% alumina, about 85-80% cryolite and other additives, a fused-salt electrolysis at a temperature of about 960 ° C subjected.
  • the dissolved aluminum oxide reacts with the solid carbon anode and forms liquid aluminum and gaseous carbon dioxide.
  • the melt mixture covers the side walls of the electrolysis cell with a protective crust while aluminum accumulates under the melt due to its greater density compared to the density of the melt at the bottom of the electrolysis cell to be protected from reoxidation by atmospheric oxygen. The aluminum thus produced is removed from the electrolysis cell and further processed.
  • the anode During electrolysis, the anode is consumed, while the cathode bottom behaves largely chemically inert during the electrolysis.
  • the anode therefore represents a wearing part which is replaced during operation while the cathode bottom is designed for long-term and durable use. Nevertheless, current cathode bottoms are subject to wear.
  • aluminum layer is a mechanical abrasion of the cathode surface.
  • aluminum carbide formation and sodium incorporation result in (electro) chemical corrosion of the cathode bottom.
  • the most commonly used anthracite ramming masses are electrically and thermally less conductive than in particular graphitized cathode blocks.
  • effective cathode area is lost and the higher total resistance results in higher energy consumption which lowers the economy of the process.
  • the cathode floor wear increases due to the higher specific load.
  • ramming masses usually contain binders based on coal tar containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These are toxic and / or carcinogenic. During use, these or the pyrolysis products partly reach the atmosphere.
  • the ramming mass is replaced by a compressible graphite foil, which on the one hand to health-hazardous substances of ramming mass, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, can be dispensed with and on the other hand, a seal between the cathode blocks of the cathode bottom is achieved.
  • the reuse of the steel tub of an electrolytic cell changes the deformation behavior from an ideal one such that additional gaps, cracks or displacements of entire cathode blocks occur, whereby the sealing can not be ensured.
  • additional gaps, cracks or displacements represent an operational risk, since this can lead to the emergence of aluminum or electrolyte melt, which can even lead to the immediate failure of the cell. For this reason, the additional gaps or cracks must be compensated.
  • a cathode bottom is understood to mean not only the arrangement of at least two cathode blocks with optionally filled joints, but also the arrangement of at least one cathode block and at least one sidewall brick with possibly filled joints.
  • a gap represents the space between two cathode blocks or a cathode block and a sidewall brick.
  • the cathode bottom comprises a filling material which is arranged on at least one cathode block and / or one side wall brick and which is characterized in that the filling material comprises a pre-compressed plate based on expanded graphite and a graphite intercalation compound.
  • precompacting means that the sheet has been compacted based on expanded graphite and a graphite intercalation compound, but is still compressible. That is, the precompressed sheet based on expanded graphite and a graphite intercalation compound is partially compressed and therefore both pressed and further pressable.
  • the precompressed graphite plate based on expanded graphite and a graphite intercalation compound is also referred to as pre-compressed graphite plate.
  • pre-compressed graphite plate based on expanded graphite and a graphite intercalation compound.
  • Expanded graphite has the following advantageous properties: It is harmless to health, environmentally friendly, soft, compressible, lightweight, resistant to aging, chemically and thermally resistant, technically gas and liquid-tight, non-combustible and easy to work. In addition, it does not form an alloy with liquid aluminum. It is therefore suitable as a filler material for a cathode bottom for an electrolytic cell for the production of aluminum.
  • graphite such as natural graphite is usually mixed with an intercalate such as an inorganic acid such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid or mixtures thereof to give an intercalated graphite intercalation compound which is then subjected to an elevated temperature of For example, heat treated at 600 ° C to 1200 ° C ( DE10003927A1 ) becomes.
  • an oxidizing agent such as nitric acid (HNO 3 ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) or potassium chlorate (KClO 3 ).
  • Expanded graphite represents a graphite that is expanded by a factor of 80 or more, for example, compared to natural graphite in the plane perpendicular to the hexagonal carbon layers. Due to the expansion, expanded graphite is characterized by excellent formability and good intermeshability. Expanded graphite can be made into a sheet form, with thermal conductivities of up to 500 W / (m ⁇ K) can be achieved.
  • the thermal conductivity is determined by the ⁇ ngström method ( ⁇ ngström's Method of Measuring Thermal Conductivity, Amy L. Lytle, Physics Department, The College of Wooster, Theses).
  • the intercalate of a graphite intercalation compound may be an electron donor or electron acceptor, preferably an electron acceptor.
  • the electron donor compounds or elements are understood according to this invention, which have free electrons, such as lithium, potassium, rubidium or cesium.
  • the electron acceptor according to this invention, a compound having an electron gap, i. E. has an incomplete inert gas configuration.
  • metal halides preferably metal chlorides, of the elements iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), antimony (Sb), tin (Zn), yttrium (Y), chromium (Cr) or nickel (Ni) and acids
  • electron acceptors preferably sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) and nitric acid (HNO 3 ), or mixtures of sulfuric acid / nitric acid and sulfuric acid / acetic acid.
  • Aluminum halides, particularly preferably aluminum chlorides, or sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) are preferably used as electron acceptors.
  • the use of the precompressed graphite plate as a filler enables the gaps or cracks occurring during the process or reuse of the steel tub to be completed by expanding the graphite intercalation compound caused by the present temperatures. Thus, a kind of "self-healing" of the cracks or gaps is possible.
  • cracks or gaps can be closed, inter alia, in inaccessible areas of the cathode. By closing the additional cracks or gaps, a seal of the electrolysis cell is achieved.
  • various graphite intercalation compounds can also be mixed with one another which, because of the different intercalates, show a commencement of expansion at relatively different temperatures.
  • This can specifically different temperature ranges of the cell, such as between the cathode blocks and between the cathode and side stone, are covered.
  • the proportion of expanded graphite in the precompressed graphite plate is between 70 and 99.5% by weight, preferably between 80 and 95% by weight and more preferably 90% by weight, and the proportion of the graphite intercalation compound is in the precompressed graphite plate between 0.5 and 30 wt .-%, preferably between 5 and 20 wt .-% and particularly preferably at 10 wt .-%. Together, the expanded graphite and graphite intercalation components are always 100% by weight.
  • the described self-healing of the cracks or gaps is enabled, that is by the post-expansion of the graphite intercalation compound at the present temperatures of the electrolytic cell, remaining cracks or Column closed.
  • Another beneficial effect is the physiological safety of the precompressed graphite plate compared to the conventional coal tar-containing carbon mass containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which are of concern to health.
  • the precompressed graphite plate has a higher electrical and thermal conductivity with respect to the conventional coal carbonaceous carbon mass and thus also increases the effective cathode area.
  • the pre-compressed graphite plate used in the invention can be used in the areas of an electrolytic cell, in which conventional ramming mass is used, ie in particular in joints formed between cathode blocks, but also in spaces that are located between side walls of the electrolysis cell and cathode blocks.
  • the precompressed graphite plate is used in particular as a sealing means between cathode blocks of a cathode bottom and between the cathode block and side wall of a cathode bottom.
  • the filling material and the cathode blocks or cathode block and side wall are non-positively connected and preferably terminate flush.
  • the filler material and cathode block or side wall may optionally be glued together, for example by means of a phenolic resin.
  • sidewall and sidewall are used analogously.
  • the width of the joint between cathode blocks can be reduced and thus the effective cathode area can be increased.
  • the material serves as a filler between the two cathode blocks, which not only is able to seal the gap between the two cathode blocks, but is also able, due to its compressible character, to expand the cathode blocks or sidewalls due to the sodium expansion during an electrolysis occur to compensate.
  • the sodium passes through diffusion from the melt of cryolite (Na 3 AlF 6 ) into the cathode blocks or sidewall stones.
  • the precompressed graphite plate therefore has a thickness of 2 to 35 mm, preferably 5 to 20 mm, particularly preferably 10 to 15 mm.
  • a minimum thickness of 2 mm is required to compensate for the sodium expansion of the cathode block or the side wall.
  • the pre-compressed graphite sheet has a density from 0.04 to 0.5 g / cm 3, preferably 0.05 to 0.3 g / cm 3 particularly preferably 0.07 to 0.1 g / cm 3.
  • the density must be less than 0.5 g / cm 3 in order to give a 2 mm thick graphite plate at a typical basis weight of 1000 g / m 3 . This can be further compressed, so that there is no gap formation between the cathode block and / or side wall.
  • the filler material is disposed on two opposite surfaces of a cathode block adjacent to the seam-forming surface and on and in the seam such that the filler material is flush.
  • the fact that the filling material is flush means in the sense of the present invention that the filling material is arranged on the cathode blocks such that the cathode bottom in each case has uniform dimensions along its length, height and width.
  • the filler material in this case is arranged so that it fills the joints between the cathode blocks as well as the areas between cathode blocks and side walls.
  • the cathode bottom thus forms the entire bottom of the electrolysis cell, i. it extends to all the side walls of the electrolytic cell, having regions of high thermal and electrical conductivity in the form of cathode blocks and regions of lesser thermal and electrical conductivity in the form of the expanded graphite filler and graphite intercalation compound.
  • the cathode blocks preferably have a greater length than width dimension, while the width and height dimensions are approximately equal.
  • cathode blocks are up to 3800 mm long, 700 mm wide and 500 mm high.
  • the at least two cathode blocks are arranged such that their length dimensions are parallel.
  • the predetermined distance between two cathode blocks is usually about 30 to 60 mm.
  • a reduction in the distance between cathode blocks is possible by using the filling material according to the present invention.
  • the distance between cathode blocks using conventional ramming masses as filler between them must be at least 40 mm, while using the precompressed one Graphite plate can be reduced to 10 mm.
  • the effective cathode block surface increases by about 5%.
  • the at least one cathode block comprises at least one means for connection to a current source.
  • the cathode block has at least one recess for receiving a bus bar, which is connectable to a power source.
  • the recess is preferably aligned in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block, i. the recess runs parallel to the gap formed between two cathode blocks.
  • the cathode bottom may further comprise a composite element between the cathode block and the bus bar such as a contact mass and the like.
  • the at least one cathode block is designed such that it is electrically and thermally conductive, is resistant to high temperatures, is chemically stable with respect to bath components of the electrolysis and can not form an alloy with aluminum.
  • the cathode block is preferably formed from graphite and / or amorphous carbon. Most preferably, the cathode block comprises graphite or graphitized carbon because it most satisfies the thermal and electrical conductivity and chemical resistance requirements for forming a cathode bottom in an electrolytic cell for producing aluminum.
  • the cathode bottom in the above preferred embodiments with the at least two cathode blocks and / or at least one cathode block and at least one sidewall brick comprises regions which have a high conductivity, and with the filler material comprising the precompressed graphite plate, regions which are generally smaller conductivity have as the cathode blocks and / or sidewalls, but are able to seal the joints formed between the cathode blocks so that no bath components can penetrate into deeper areas of the cathode bottom in an electrolysis.
  • the two components, ie cathode blocks or sidewalls, and precompressed graphite plate therefore perform various functions of the cathode bottom. Due to its multifunctional design, this cathode bottom is therefore dimensioned for large-scale use.
  • cathode bottom having a precompressed graphite plate
  • the preparation of the cathode block is carried out such that the filling material is positively connected by its arrangement on the at least one cathode block with this, if necessary, an additional adhesive is used.
  • an additional first positive connection between the cathode blocks or between cathode block and side wall brick is achieved by means of the precompressed graphite plate.
  • the arrangement of the further cathode block or side wall brick is realized by hydraulic or mechanical pressing optionally with the use of adhesive and thus produces a frictional connection.
  • the step of disposing at least one further cathode block may be performed before or after placing the fill material on the at least one cathode block.
  • the cathode blocks can be provided with means for their connection to a power source before or after their provision.
  • a cathode block can be provided with at least one recess, into which at least one bus bar is inserted, which can be connected to a current source.
  • a contact mass can be arranged between the cathode block and the busbar.
  • the cathode bottom according to the invention is used in an electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum.
  • the electrolysis cell comprises a trough, which as a rule comprises iron sheet or steel and has a round or quadrangular, preferably rectangular, shape.
  • the side walls of the tub may be lined with carbon, carbide or silicon carbide.
  • at least the bottom of the tub is lined with a thermal insulation.
  • On the bottom of the tub or on the heat insulation of the cathode bottom is arranged.
  • At least two, preferably 10 to 24, cathode blocks are arranged parallel to each other with respect to their length dimension at a predetermined distance, so that between each one a joint is formed, which is filled with at least one precompressed graphite plate.
  • the spaces between side walls and cathode blocks are optionally filled with filler material comprising a precompressed graphite plate or with conventional anthracite ramming mass.
  • the joints between the cathode blocks can optionally be filled with a precompressed graphite plate or with conventional anthracite ramming mass.
  • Each joint of the cathode bottom can be filled differently.
  • the cathode blocks are connected to the negative pole of a power source.
  • At least one anode such as a Soderberg electrode or preheated electrode, hangs from a support frame connected to the positive pole of the power source and projects into the tub without touching the cathode bottom or sidewalls of the tub.
  • the distance of the anode to the walls is greater than to the cathode bottom or the forming aluminum layer.
  • a solution of alumina in molten cryolite at a temperature of about 960 ° C is subjected to fused-salt electrolysis with the sidewalls of the tub coated with a solid crust of the melt mixture while the aluminum, being denser than the melt, accumulates beneath the melt.
  • FIG. 1 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a cathode bottom 1 according to the invention.
  • the cathode bottom 1 has filling material 3 made of a precompressed graphite plate which fills a gap 5 that is formed between two cathode blocks 7.
  • the cathode blocks 7 have a sufficient electrical and thermal conductivity for use in a fused-salt electrolysis and are made for example of graphitized carbon.
  • the cathode blocks 7 each have a recess 9 for receiving a bus bar (not shown), which allow their connection to a power source.
  • the filling material 3 and the cathode blocks 7 are flush.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of an electrolytic cell 213 for the production of aluminum.
  • the electrolytic cell 213 has a tub 215 made of steel.
  • the side walls 217 of the tub 215, one of which in Fig. 2 are lined with side wall bricks 219 of graphite, one of which is in Fig. 2 is shown.
  • the bottom of the tub 215 is lined with a heat-insulating layer 221 so that it is completely covered by it.
  • a cathode bottom 21 is disposed on the heat-insulating layer 221.
  • the cathode bottom 21 has filling material 23 and cathode blocks 27, two of which are in Fig. 2 are shown, which are arranged at a predetermined distance.
  • the filling material 24 which is arranged between the side wall brick 219 and the cathode block 27, is ramming mass of carbon. As a result, the gap between side wall brick 219 and cathode block 27 is filled.
  • the filling material 24 may also be a precompressed graphite plate.
  • the filling material 23 also comprises a precompressed graphite plate. Between the cathode blocks 27, a joint 25 is formed in each case.
  • the filling material 23 fills the gap 25, and the ramming mass 24 fills the respective space between the cathode block 27 and side wall 217 such that the heat-insulating layer 221 is completely covered with the cathode bottom 21 comprising the ramming mass 24, the filling material 23 and the cathode blocks 27.
  • the filling material 23 is flush with the cathode blocks 27.
  • the cathode blocks 27 each have a recess 29 suitable for receiving a bus bar (not shown) which is connectable to a negative pole of a current source (not shown).
  • the electrolytic cell 213 anodes 223, of which two in Fig.
  • electrolytic cell 213 In the electrolytic cell 213 is a solution 227 of alumina in molten cryolite. During electrolysis, aluminum 229 collects between the solution 227 and the cathode bottom 21.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3c show a schematic representation of a process sequence for producing a cathode bottom 31 according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3a shows the provision of two cathode blocks 37 each having a recess 39 for receiving the bus bars, which are arranged at a predetermined distance such that a joint 35 is formed.
  • the filling material 33 which comprises a pre-compressed graphite plate
  • FIG. 3b it is shown that the filling material 33, which comprises a pre-compressed graphite plate, is inserted into the joint 35.
  • Figure 3c shows the cathode bottom 31 as it can be used for an electrolytic cell for the production of aluminum.
  • the filling material 33 fills the gap 35.
  • the amount of dimensions of the filling material 33 are selected such that the filling material 33 is flush with the cathode blocks 37 and completely fills the gap 35. It should be noted that any connections and connecting means of the cathode bottom 31 to a power source in the FIGS. 3a to 3c have been omitted for clarity.
  • FIGS. 4a to 4c show a schematic representation of a further process sequence for producing a cathode bottom 41 according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4a shows the provision of a cathode block 47 having a recess 49 for receiving a bus bar (not shown).
  • filler 43 comprising a precompressed graphite plate is planarized on a surface of the cathode block 47, optionally using an adhesive for attachment.
  • Figure 4c shows that a further cathode block 47 is arranged with a recess 49 on the filling material 43 such that it is frictionally connected to the cathode block 47 by means of the filling material 43.
  • Figure 4c shows the cathode bottom 41 as it can be used for an electrolytic cell for the production of aluminum.
  • a cathode bottom can be fabricated with a plurality of cathode blocks arranged side by side. It should be noted that any connections and Connecting means of the cathode bottom 41 to a power source in the FIGS. 4a to 4c have been omitted for clarity.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
EP16766325.1A 2015-09-18 2016-09-16 Kathodenboden zur herstellung von aluminium Active EP3350358B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16766325T PL3350358T3 (pl) 2015-09-18 2016-09-16 Dno katodowe do wytwarzania glinu

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015011952.4A DE102015011952A1 (de) 2015-09-18 2015-09-18 Kathodenboden, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kathodenbodens und Verwendung desselben in einer Elektolysezelle zur Herstellung von Aluminium
PCT/EP2016/072048 WO2017046376A1 (de) 2015-09-18 2016-09-16 Kathodenboden zur herstellung von aluminium

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3350358A1 EP3350358A1 (de) 2018-07-25
EP3350358B1 true EP3350358B1 (de) 2019-08-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16766325.1A Active EP3350358B1 (de) 2015-09-18 2016-09-16 Kathodenboden zur herstellung von aluminium

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US20180282888A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP3350358B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6629433B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN108350587B (ja)
DE (1) DE102015011952A1 (ja)
PL (1) PL3350358T3 (ja)
RU (1) RU2707304C2 (ja)
UA (1) UA120662C2 (ja)
WO (1) WO2017046376A1 (ja)

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CN115142093B (zh) * 2022-07-14 2024-01-30 湖南大学 一种预焙阳极抗氧化剂、其制备方法及应用

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WO2004028967A1 (ja) * 2002-09-26 2004-04-08 Oiles Corporation 耐熱性膨張黒鉛シート
GB991581A (en) * 1962-03-21 1965-05-12 High Temperature Materials Inc Expanded pyrolytic graphite and process for producing the same
US4175022A (en) * 1977-04-25 1979-11-20 Union Carbide Corporation Electrolytic cell bottom barrier formed from expanded graphite
US5176863A (en) * 1991-08-06 1993-01-05 Ucar Carbon Technology Corporation Flexible graphite composite fire retardant wallpaper and method
US5531454A (en) * 1994-12-29 1996-07-02 Indian Head Industries, Inc. Expandable gasket, sealed joint and method of forming same
US5494506A (en) * 1995-01-17 1996-02-27 Ucar Carbon Technology Corporation Gas filtering device for air bag gas generator
US5985452A (en) * 1997-03-18 1999-11-16 Ucar Carbon Technology Corporation Flexible graphite composite sheet and method
NZ512075A (en) * 1998-12-16 2003-02-28 Alcan Int Ltd Multi-layer cathode structures
DE10003927A1 (de) 2000-01-29 2001-08-02 Sgl Technik Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen von expandierbaren Graphiteinlagerungsverbindungen unter Verwendung von Phosphorsäuren
EP1801264A1 (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-06-27 Sgl Carbon Ag Cathodes for aluminium electrolysis cell with expanded graphite lining
DE102009024881A1 (de) * 2009-06-09 2010-12-16 Sgl Carbon Se Kathodenboden, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kathodenbodens und Verwendung desselben in einer Elektrolysezelle zur Herstellung von Aluminium
DE102010041081B4 (de) * 2010-09-20 2015-10-29 Sgl Carbon Se Kathode für Elektrolysezellen
DE102011004009A1 (de) * 2011-02-11 2012-08-16 Sgl Carbon Se Kathodenanordnung und Kathodenblock mit einer eine Führungsvertiefung aufweisenden Nut

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Publication number Publication date
US20180282888A1 (en) 2018-10-04
JP6629433B2 (ja) 2020-01-15
CN108350587B (zh) 2020-04-07
JP2018527468A (ja) 2018-09-20
RU2018113972A3 (ja) 2019-10-18
WO2017046376A1 (de) 2017-03-23
PL3350358T3 (pl) 2019-12-31
DE102015011952A1 (de) 2017-03-23
UA120662C2 (uk) 2020-01-10
RU2018113972A (ru) 2019-10-18
RU2707304C2 (ru) 2019-11-26
CN108350587A (zh) 2018-07-31
EP3350358A1 (de) 2018-07-25

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