EP3298180A1 - Électrode - Google Patents

Électrode

Info

Publication number
EP3298180A1
EP3298180A1 EP16721180.4A EP16721180A EP3298180A1 EP 3298180 A1 EP3298180 A1 EP 3298180A1 EP 16721180 A EP16721180 A EP 16721180A EP 3298180 A1 EP3298180 A1 EP 3298180A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diamond particles
electrode
μιη
particle size
carrier layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16721180.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Schelch
Wolfgang Staber
Robert Hermann
Wolfgang Wesner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Produktion GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Produktion GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Produktion GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Produktion GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3298180A1 publication Critical patent/EP3298180A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/042—Electrodes formed of a single material
    • C25B11/043—Carbon, e.g. diamond or graphene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrode of embedded in a support layer of electrically nonconductive material, synthetically prepared, electrically conductive, doped diamond particles, wherein the diamond particles protrude on both sides of the support layer and from a particle size range of 170 ⁇ come to 420 ⁇ , wherein the diamond particles in the electrode have grain sizes which differ from each other by at most 50 ⁇ .
  • an electrode which is also referred to as a diamond particle electrode, is known, for example, from WO 2007/116004 A2.
  • EP 2 631 335 A2 discloses several methods for producing such a diamond particle electrode.
  • Diamond particle electrodes are characterized by a high overvoltage for oxygen and hydrogen and are therefore particularly suitable for a variety of oxidation processes in aqueous solution. Particularly advantageous applications of
  • Electrolysis cells containing diamond particle electrodes are in the field of water treatment by anodic oxidation as well as in the field of synthetic chemistry.
  • the freestanding parts of the diamond particles should be matched to the thickness of the respective carrier layer as large as possible in order to provide highly effective electrodes.
  • the carrier layer has a certain thickness to the
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to qualitatively improve an electrode of the type mentioned by the proportion of outstanding from the carrier layer parts of the diamond particles is optimized.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that a maximum of 10% of the diamond particles have a particle size outside the respective particle size range.
  • Inventive electrodes therefore have a high proportion of both sides
  • the electrode has diamond particles whose particle sizes differ from one another by at most 40 ⁇ m.
  • a further embodiment is particularly advantageous in which the diamond particles have grain sizes which differ from one another by at most 30 ⁇ m.
  • at most 5%, preferably even at most 3%, of the diamond particles have a larger and / or a smaller grain size.
  • the average particle size of the diamond particles is tuned according to a further feature of the invention to the thickness of the carrier layer such that the ratio of the thickness of the carrier layer to the average grain size of the
  • Diamond particle is 1: 3 to 1: 8.
  • the proportion of free surface not occupied by diamond particles is at most 50% on both sides of the carrier layer.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a section of an electrode
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view during the production of the electrode.
  • the invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical cell (electrolysis cell).
  • the electrode consists, as shown in FIG. 1, of doped, therefore electrically conductive diamond particles 2, which are single-layered and without mutual contact in one
  • Carrier layer 1 are embedded in plastic.
  • the diamond particles 2 are in particular manufactured in a high-pressure / high-temperature process, preferably doped with boron industrial diamonds and therefore single crystals.
  • the diamond particles 2 may also be doped with nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, niobium, lithium, sulfur or oxygen.
  • the electrode may be produced according to one of the methods known from EP 2 631 335 A2, one of these methods being described in the following in summary form with reference to FIG. 2.
  • 1 is made of two sheets 4, 5 of chemically stable polymers, for example of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), Polyvenylidenfluorid (PVDF) or perfluoroalkoxylalkane (PVA)), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE ), Ethylenes
  • Teflon polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PVDF Polyvenylidenfluorid
  • PVA perfluoroalkoxylalkane
  • FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene
  • ETFE ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene
  • ChloroTriFluoroEthylene ECTFE
  • PCTFE Polychlorotrifluoroethylene
  • PEEK Polyetheretherketone
  • PE Polyethylene
  • PE Polypropylene
  • PVC Polyvinylchloride
  • Polyphenylene sulfide PPS
  • Auxiliary layers 3 is between 0.5 mm and 3 mm.
  • a material for the auxiliary layers 3 is, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), Viton or Kapton (fluoroelastomers from Dupont), neoprene or silicone in question.
  • the auxiliary layers 3 are supplied as well as the films 4, 5 as roll goods or in plate form and used.
  • Fig. 2 shows the structure during manufacture of the electrode with two foils 4, 5, the diamond particles 2 therebetween and the auxiliary layers 3 respectively located on the outsides of the foils 4, 5.
  • the layers joined together according to Fig. 2 now become pressure and heat exposed, for example in a double belt press of conventional construction.
  • the arrows in Fig. 2 show the direction of in the
  • Double track press from outside acting pressure. Under the action of pressure and heat, the foils 4, 5 melt and are firmly joined together. Penetrate the diamond particles 2 on both sides of the melt in the auxiliary layers, which thus enclose each particle, whereby its surface can not be wetted by molten material and thus partially exposed on the outer sides of the film material.
  • the emerging from the double belt press material composite is optionally cooled, the auxiliary layers 3 are deducted. The composite material can now be cut to electrodes of desired size.
  • Auxiliary layer 3 a support layer 6, one or more layers, which as a support grid or
  • Support fabric or the like is executed, are introduced.
  • the particles 2 also penetrate the support grid or support fabric 6 during the pressing process.
  • a support grid or support fabric 6 on the already produced electrode on an outer side or on both outer sides, for example, personallylaminieren or sticking.
  • Suitable materials for the support grid or the supporting fabric 6 are plastics, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), perfluoroalkoxylalkane (PFA), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or polyphenylene sulfide ( PPS), glass fibers, plastic-coated glass fibers, ceramics or metals.
  • the finished electrode contains at least one stabilizing support layer and can be made comparatively thin, in particular from thinner foils 4, 5.
  • the material for the support layer (s) 6 is matched to the material of the films 4, 5 with respect to the melting point, so that the support layer (s) 6 do not melt when the foils 4, 5 are melted.
  • the diamond particles 2 are selected from certain particle size ranges in order to ensure that the freestanding fractions of the diamond particles 2 are as large as possible depending on the respective thickness of the carrier layer 1. If this range is chosen too large, the proportion of too small diamond particles 2, which may even remain completely covered by the carrier layer and are ineffective, is relatively large.
  • Electrodes according to the invention are produced with diamond particles 2 having grain sizes between 170 ⁇ m and 420 ⁇ m.
  • a maximum of 10%, in particular a maximum of 5%, of the diamond particles 2 may have grain sizes outside the respective range.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the carrier layer to the average grain size of the diamond particles 2 used for an electrode should be between 1: 3 and 1: 8.
  • the particle sizes of the diamond particles 2 are determined in a manner known per se by sieving using screens of different fineness or by means of particle analyzers.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une électrode en particules de diamant (2) dopées, électroconductrices, de fabrication synthétique, incorporées dans une couche support de matériau non électroconducteur, les particules de diamant (2) dépassent de chaque côté de la couche support (1) et se situent dans une plage granulométrique de 170 μm à 420 μm, les particules de diamant (2) présentent, dans l'électrode, des granulométries qui diffèrent de maximum 50 μm. Maximum 10 % des particules de diamant (2) présentent une granulométrie située hors de la plage granulométrique concernée.
EP16721180.4A 2015-05-18 2016-05-10 Électrode Withdrawn EP3298180A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50404/2015A AT516720B1 (de) 2015-05-18 2015-05-18 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Elektrode
PCT/EP2016/060372 WO2016184714A1 (fr) 2015-05-18 2016-05-10 Électrode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3298180A1 true EP3298180A1 (fr) 2018-03-28

Family

ID=55948844

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16721180.4A Withdrawn EP3298180A1 (fr) 2015-05-18 2016-05-10 Électrode

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US10626027B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3298180A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2018519417A (fr)
AT (1) AT516720B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2016264877B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2985874C (fr)
WO (1) WO2016184714A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115624967A (zh) * 2022-10-14 2023-01-20 江苏治水有数环保科技有限公司 一种粒子电极电催化填料制备方法及其使用方法

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5825042B2 (ja) * 1979-08-10 1983-05-25 科学技術庁無機材質研究所長 衝撃圧縮によるダイヤモンド粉末の合成法
US5087434A (en) * 1989-04-21 1992-02-11 The Pennsylvania Research Corporation Synthesis of diamond powders in the gas phase
US5266236A (en) * 1991-10-09 1993-11-30 General Electric Company Thermally stable dense electrically conductive diamond compacts
WO2003066930A1 (fr) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-14 Element Six (Pty) Ltd Electrode de diamant
AT412002B (de) * 2002-07-08 2004-08-26 Wolfgang Dipl Ing Mag Wesner Diamantelektrode und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
AT413109B (de) * 2004-05-28 2005-11-15 Gruber Karl Dipl Ing Dr Diamantelektrode auf kunststoffbasis
JP2007238989A (ja) 2006-03-07 2007-09-20 Ebara Corp ダイヤモンド電極の製造方法
AT503402B1 (de) 2006-04-10 2008-02-15 Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Pro Verfahren zur herstellung einer diamantelektrode und diamantelektrode
AT511433B1 (de) * 2011-11-03 2012-12-15 Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Gmbh & Co Kg Elektrode, ihre verwendung und elektrochemische zelle
AT511817B1 (de) * 2012-02-22 2013-03-15 Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Produktion Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Elektrode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2018519417A (ja) 2018-07-19
AU2016264877A1 (en) 2018-01-04
WO2016184714A1 (fr) 2016-11-24
CA2985874C (fr) 2021-11-09
CA2985874A1 (fr) 2016-11-24
US20180148357A1 (en) 2018-05-31
US10626027B2 (en) 2020-04-21
AU2016264877B2 (en) 2021-09-09
AT516720A4 (de) 2016-08-15
AT516720B1 (de) 2016-08-15

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