EP3283243B1 - Ring rolling device having axially fixed rolling-element bearings - Google Patents
Ring rolling device having axially fixed rolling-element bearings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3283243B1 EP3283243B1 EP16717329.3A EP16717329A EP3283243B1 EP 3283243 B1 EP3283243 B1 EP 3283243B1 EP 16717329 A EP16717329 A EP 16717329A EP 3283243 B1 EP3283243 B1 EP 3283243B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mandrel
- ring
- rolling
- rolling device
- rolling bearing
- Prior art date
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims description 161
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
- B21H1/12—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length rings for ball or roller bearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ring rolling apparatus according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
- a known variant for producing rings is first to forge a ring blank, which is then further processed by ring rolling.
- the ring blank is mounted around a mandrel and then rolled between the mandrel and a forming roll.
- the thickness of the ring blank is reduced and at the same time its circumference is increased, since no material is removed.
- the nip between the mandrel and the forming roll must be continuously reduced, which can be done for example by a displacement of the mandrel to form the forming or vice versa.
- a ring rolling apparatus comprising a roller as a pressing member and a turntable with a plurality of rotatably mounted thorns around which are mounted to be rolled ring blanks.
- the mandrels are movable towards the pressing element every now and then.
- a shrinking roll gap is formed between the mandrel and the pressing element, in which the ring blank is rolled.
- the mandrels in each case engage in a conical bore in a mandrel-roll pin rotatably mounted in the turntable and are fixedly connected at the top with a second mandrel-roll pin.
- a generic ring rolling device for expanding a ring blank is in the CH 706 844 A1 described. It comprises a pressing element, a plurality of rotatably mounted mandrels, around which in each case a ring blank can be stored, and a rotatable revolver drum in which the mandrels are rotatably mounted. By rotating the revolver drum, the mandrels are movable towards the pressing element from time to time.
- the turret drum is arranged relative to the pressing member so that by rotating the turret drum between the respective mandrel and the pressing member, a decreasing rolling gap is formed, in which the ring blank is rolled during rotation of the turret drum.
- the turret drum per mandrel, for example, two roller bearings and at least two rotatably mounted support rollers, which support the mandrel in the direction of Revolvertrommelcoolachse out, so that the mandrel is located during rolling between the support rollers and the pressing member.
- the at least two rotatably mounted support rollers enable support of the mandrel during rolling to accommodate the rolling forces over a desired mandrel length and rotation of the mandrel during rolling about its mandrel rotation axis, wherein the mandrel rolls on its support rollers.
- the ring rolling device has the advantage that both the feeding of the ring blank into the rolling position and the rolling of the ring blank by the revolver drum is rotated towards the pressing element. By this rotation, first a roll gap is formed and the ring blank is brought into contact with the pressing element and then the rolling gap is reduced, whereby the ring blank is rolled between the mandrel and the pressing element, that is, the wall thickness of the ring blank is reduced.
- the at least two rotatably mounted support rollers enable support of the mandrel during rolling to accommodate the rolling forces over a desired mandrel length and rotation of the mandrel during rolling about its mandrel axis of rotation. In this way, a good rolling precision can be achieved.
- a disadvantage of this known ring rolling device consists in the complexity of the device due to the many supporting rollers and their storage, which also has a negative influence on the rigidity of the system, and the relatively large masses to be moved, which are also caused by the supporting rollers.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object to simplify a ring rolling device of the generic type constructive.
- the achievable rolling precision should be improved as much as possible, moving masses should be kept as low as possible and the rigidity should be increased as much as possible.
- a ring rolling device for expanding a ring blank comprises a pressing element, a rotatably mounted mandrel having a first end portion, a second end portion and therebetween a central part, around which the ring blank is storable, and a feed arrangement, in in that the mandrel is rotatably mounted with its first end part in a first rolling bearing and with its second end part in a second rolling bearing so that the middle part of the mandrel is exposed for supporting the ring blank.
- the mandrel to the pressing element now and then moved away from it, wherein between the mandrel and the pressing element, a decreasing roll gap is formed, in which the ring blank is rolled.
- the second rolling bearing is arranged axially fixed in the Zustellan eleven and the mandrel is axially movably mounted relative to the second rolling bearing, so that the second end portion of the mandrel from the second rolling bearing is pulled out or inserted into this.
- the first rolling bearing in the feed arrangement is arranged axially fixed and the mandrel is mounted axially movable relative to the first rolling bearing.
- the pivot bearing of the mandrel in axially fixed bearings is structurally less expensive than the storage on different types of bearings and in addition to support rollers.
- less mass must be moved both during the movement of the delivery arrangement as well as the insertion of the mandrel through the ring blank and insertion into the second rolling bearing or vice versa when pulling out the mandrel again.
- the latter is the case because the bearings themselves are axially fixed and only the mandrel itself axially, that is to say in its longitudinal direction, must be moved. This allows a high speed when feeding and ring rolling of ring blanks in the machine cycle.
- the first and the second rolling bearing are designed as tangentially movable bearings, in particular spherical roller bearings or self-aligning ball bearings.
- Spherical roller bearings and self-aligning ball bearings withstand high radial and axial loads and are well suited to compensate for misalignments. Moreover, they are relatively compact.
- axially fixed sleeve-shaped bushes for receiving the mandrel are rotatably mounted in the first and in the second rolling bearing.
- the bushes allow easy insertion of the mandrel in the bearings.
- the bushings are arranged tiltable relative to the axis of rotation of the first and the second rolling bearing, wherein expediently the tiltability of the bushings is limited by stops. This allows a safe insertion of the mandrel in the rolling bearing or their sleeves.
- the bush arranged in the second rolling bearing advantageously has a funnel-shaped insertion bevel.
- the mandrel is advantageously formed conically or rounded at its front end on the second end portion.
- the feed arrangement in an advantageous embodiment variant has a preferably adjustable stop element for the front end of the mandrel for positioning the mandrel in the longitudinal direction of the mandrel. This allows accurate positioning of the mandrel and the ring blank thereon for rolling and is particularly important if the mandrel and / or the pressing element has a profiling to be transmitted to the ring blank.
- the stop element partially protrudes into the second rolling bearing and is formed with a feed line opening into the interior of the second rolling bearing for a cleaning and / or cooling agent.
- the cans can be easily cleaned and / or cooled at times when no mandrel is stored in them or the mandrel is at least partially pulled out.
- the stop element is rotatably mounted. As a result, the wear due to an adjacent, rotating mandrel can be significantly reduced.
- the feed arrangement expediently comprises an alternative stop element for a stop collar on the first end part of the mandrel for positioning the mandrel in its longitudinal direction.
- the alternative stop element is formed by the rotatably mounted in the first bearing sleeve. This design of the stop element is structurally particularly simple.
- the feed arrangement is a rotatable turret drum, wherein the turret drum is arranged relative to the pressing member so that by turning the turret drum between the mandrel and the pressing member, a decreasing nip is formed.
- the storage of the mandrel on a revolver drum is structurally favorable and allows a high machine cycle.
- the revolver drum comprises two spaced apart, rotationally rigidly interconnected, disc-like drum parts, in which the first roller bearing and the second roller bearing for the mandrel are arranged axially fixed.
- disc-like drum parts of the mandrel can be stably and rotatably mounted on both sides of the ring blank supporting middle part.
- the first and the second rolling bearing are each interchangeably mounted in the drum parts as a whole.
- the ring rolling device can be quickly and easily converted to another mandrel diameter.
- At least the bushing arranged in the second rolling bearing has a form-locking element, preferably designed as an annular groove, for applying an assembly tool.
- the second rolling bearing can be easily removed by means of the tool from the ring rolling device.
- the ring rolling device has a preferably closed cooling system for the roller bearings and / or infeed arrangement.
- the inventive ring rolling device on a Dornverstell noticed for adjusting the mandrel in the longitudinal direction of the mandrel.
- This makes it possible, by retracting the mandrel, feeding a ring blank into a loading position and again pushing the mandrel and pushing through the mandrel through the present in the loading position ring blank this ring blank in a simple manner around the mandrel around or store.
- the finished rolled ring can be removed again by withdrawing the mandrel from the mandrel.
- the ring rolling device according to the invention preferably has a ring blank feed device with which ring blanks can be supplied individually to a point at which the mandrel can be pushed through the supplied ring blank, that is to say the loading position mentioned above.
- This together with the mandrel adjustment device, makes it easy to store a ring blank around the mandrel.
- a ring blank may be mounted around a mandrel at a first station, a ring blank rolled at a second station, and a ring blank from a mandrel at a third station be removed.
- the rolling throughput can be increased significantly, that is, in a shorter time more ring blanks can be rolled into rings.
- the ring rolling device can be attached, for example, to a cold or hot forming machine.
- the advantage can be exploited so that the still warm ring blanks produced by the hot forming machine can be rolled directly with the ring rolling device.
- An additional warming of the ring blanks can be omitted for a hot ring rolling.
- inventive ring rolling devices can be used both for a hot ring rolling and a cold ring rolling.
- cooling of the components of the rolling means such as e.g. Mandrel, pressing element, drive roller, etc., be provided.
- the inventive ring rolling device has a drive device for driving the pressing element, so that the ring blank is rotatable during rolling by the movement of the pressing element.
- a drive device for driving the pressing element so that the ring blank is rotatable during rolling by the movement of the pressing element.
- the pressing element is a rotatably mounted drive roller.
- a drive roller can, for example, be driven continuously by means of a motor and in turn transmit its rotational movement to the ring blank mounted around the mandrel as soon as it comes into contact with the drive roller.
- the turning of the drive roller can take place continuously and at constant speed, and a return of the pressing element after rolling is dispensed with.
- an inventive ring rolling device comprises a pressing element as a drive roller 1, which has at its periphery a rolling surface 11 which is bounded on both sides by a collar 12 and 13 respectively.
- the collar 12 and 13 prevent during the ring rolling a lateral expansion of the ring blank 9.
- the drive roller 1 is rotatably supported by a shaft 14 on a bearing plate 15 and is driven by a drive means 10.
- the bearing plate 15 is, for example, via three rail gripping elements 151, 152 and 153 in the direction of a Revolvertrommelcoolachse 39 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) adjustable above and below each attached to a rail 81 and 82, which in turn are firmly anchored in a machine frame 8.
- a Revolvertrommelcoolachse 39 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) adjustable above and below each attached to a rail 81 and 82, which in turn are firmly anchored in a machine frame 8.
- an adjusting spindle 154 By means of an adjusting spindle 154, the bearing plate 15 and thus the drive roller 1 mounted thereon can be adjusted in the direction of the roll gap, whereby the size of the roll gap can be adjusted at its narrowest point.
- the adjusting spindle 154 has for this purpose, for example, an external thread which engages in an internal thread in a passage 83 through the machine frame 8, through which the adjusting spindle 154 is arranged.
- a mandrel 2 which in a Delivery arrangement in the form of a revolver drum 3 is rotatably mounted.
- Fig. 2 can be seen that in the present revolving drum 3 five mandrels 2 evenly distributed, based on the revolving revolver axis 39 at an angular distance of 72 °, are rotatably mounted.
- the turret drum 3 is rotatably mounted on the machine frame 8 via a shaft 33 and is rotated by means of a drive device 30, for example an electric drive or servomotor.
- the ring rolling device shown has a ring blank feed device 5.
- the ring blank feed device 5 is designed to supply ring blanks 9 individually to a point at which a mandrel 2 can be pushed through the supplied ring blank 9, that is to say a loading position.
- the ring blank feed device 5 has a supply chute 51 in which a plurality of ring blanks 9 can be stored.
- the storage chute 51 is provided at its lower end with an opening through which passes a ring blank 9 due to gravity directly to the loading position.
- a hinged retaining element 52 which is held in a retaining position by means of a spring element 54 acting on a cam follower 53, in which it holds the ring blanks 9 in the supply shaft 51.
- the cam follower 53 is simply acted upon by means of a control cam 55 which is rotatably mounted about the revolver rotating shaft 39 and counter to the spring force.
- the ring rolling device has a mandrel adjusting device 4 for adjusting the mandrel 2 in the longitudinal direction of the mandrel 2. Since the storage of the ring blank 9 around the mandrel 2 around and the removal of the rolled ring 9 from the mandrel 9 from the mandrel 2 takes place at two different locations, namely on the one hand directly below the supply chute 51 and on the other hand, approximately after a rotation of the revolver drum 3 by about 150 °, the mandrel 4 comprises two separate adjusting cylinders 41 and 42, which are fixed to the machine frame 8.
- a discharge channel 6 is arranged below the point of the ring removal in the illustrated ring rolling device.
- Fig. 3 corresponds largely Fig. 2 , the only difference is that the revolver drum 3 in Fig. 3 rotated about 10 ° counterclockwise further than in Fig. 2 ,
- Fig. 2 There is a first ring blank 9 in the loading position directly below the supply shaft 51 and it is just a first mandrel 2 pushed through this first ring blank 9.
- the revolver drum 3 is rotated by about 10 ° in the counterclockwise direction.
- the first ring blank 9 remains for the time being in the loading position directly below the supply shaft 51, but it can be seen that the first mandrel 2 has rotated by about 10 ° and now rests against the left inside of the first ring blank 9, so that he will follow this with a further rotation.
- the second ring blank 9 has come into contact with the latter by rotating the revolver drum 3 due to the reduction of the nip between the second mandrel 2 and the drive roller 1 and has been rolled to a smaller thickness.
- a torque is transmitted to the ring blank 9, so that this together with the rotatably mounted second mandrel 2 to rotate about the axis of rotation of the mandrel, that is his Center axis, is brought around.
- the rotational speeds of the drive roller 1 and the revolver drum 3 are suitably selected.
- the multiple turning of the ring blank 9 during ring rolling enables a greater reduction in thickness and a more uniform, material-sparing rolling.
- the mandrel adjustment device 4 comprises two separate adjustment cylinders 41 and 42 attached to the machine frame 8.
- the adjustment cylinder 41 comprises an extendible piston 411 to which a push head 412 is attached.
- the push head 412 pushes at the in Fig. 4 illustrated situation against a head 21 of the mandrel 2 and thus upon extension of the piston 411 the mandrel 2 in the mandrel longitudinal direction in the revolving drum 3 into where it is inserted through a located in the loading position ring blank 9.
- the adjusting cylinder 42 comprises an extendible piston 421 to which a rear gripping head 422 is attached.
- the Schugreifkopf 422 engages behind in the in the 4 and 5 illustrated situations, the mandrel head 21 of a further mandrel 2 and thus pulls when retracting the piston 411 this mandrel 2 in the mandrel longitudinal direction of the revolving drum 3 and thus out of the finished in this revolver drum position ring 90 out.
- Fig. 4 the mandrel 2 is still in the Ausgansposition in the revolving drum 3, while in Fig. 5 partially moved out of the revolving drum 3.
- the engagement of the mandrel head 21 by the rear gripping head 422 takes place by rotating the revolver drum 3, whereby the mandrel head 21 is pushed over a rear engagement part 4220 of the rear grip head 422.
- the mandrel 2 is not unintentionally moved out of the revolving drum 3 when turning the revolver drum 3 in the counterclockwise direction, the has Ring rolling device on a hold-down 40 which is fixed in a flange about a mounted on the machine frame 8 mounting tube 81.
- This hold-down 40 forms a stop for the mandrel head 21, as best of Fig. 5 seen.
- the revolver drum 3 in the illustrated embodiment, two spaced apart, on the common shaft 33 (see Fig. 2 ) rotatably connected to each other, disc-like drum parts 31 and 32 comprises, in each of which an end portion of the mandrels 2 is rotatably mounted, so that in each case a central part of the mandrels 2, around which a ring blank 9 is mounted, between the two disc-like drum parts 31, 32 exposed , Between the two disc-like drum parts 31, 32 is a spacer 34 ( Fig. 2 ), which determines the mutual distance of the drum parts 31 and 32.
- the most significant difference of the inventive ring rolling device relative to the ring rolling device according to CH 706 844 A1 consists in the manner in which the mandrels 2 are rotatably mounted in the revolving drum 3.
- the mandrels are supported, inter alia, on rotatable support rollers.
- the mandrels 2 in the ring rolling device according to the invention are each mounted in two roller bearings arranged axially fixedly in the revolving drum 3, as shown in FIG Fig. 6 and in particular in the enlarged detail view of Fig. 7 is shown.
- the first and second rolling bearings 310 and 320 are, as shown here, preferably designed as a spherical roller bearing, for example, according to DIN 635-2.
- Spherical roller bearings hold high radial and axial Loads stood and are well suited to compensate for misalignments. Moreover, they are comparatively compact.
- the rotatable in the spherical roller bearings 310 and 320 bushings 311 and 321 are tiltable due to the inherent properties of spherical roller bearings to a certain extent relative to the axis of rotation of the bearing, which just allows the compensation of misalignments.
- the tiltability of the bushings 311 and 321 is limited by radial stops 312 and 322 so far that the mandrels can be inserted smoothly into the second rolling bearing, without the rotational movement is impeded at maximum deflection.
- spherical roller bearings there are also other bearings which are tangentially free within a certain range (e.g., carbide or toroidal roller bearings, self-aligning ball bearings, or combined bearings).
- Decisive is the tangential freedom of the bearings. Under tangential freedom is to be understood that they can compensate for misalignment between the axis of rotation of the bearing and the axis of rotation of the stored mandrel.
- Spherical roller bearings are preferred because of their long service life.
- a funnel-shaped insertion slope 323 is formed on the bushes. Furthermore, the mandrels 2 are conical or rounded at their front ends 2a. As a result, the bearings can easily and quickly align with each other, without jamming of the mandrel takes place in the sleeve.
- axially adjustable stop member 325 is provided, which extends slightly into the second bearings 320 and the bushes 321 inside , The adjustability of the stop element, the requirements are lowered to the machining accuracy and allows readjustment or replacement in case of wear.
- the stop element 325 has a supply line 326, which opens via smaller, not designated branch lines in the interior of the sleeve 321. About this supply line, the sleeve 321 at times when there is no mandrel 2 in them, from outside a cleaning and / or a coolant can be supplied.
- a stop assembly may be provided with a rotatably mounted stop member, as in the Figures 8-10 is shown.
- the stop assembly 3250 includes an externally provided with a thread 3251 fixed part 3252 in which by means of a ball bearing 3253 a stop member 3254 is rotatably mounted.
- the stop element 3254 has a supply line 3255, which opens via smaller branch lines 3256 into the interior of the sleeve 321. About this supply line, the sleeve 321 at times when there is no mandrel 2 in it, from outside a cleaning and / or a coolant can be supplied.
- the stop assembly 3250 is like the stop member 325 screwed into the drum part 32 of the revolver drum 3 and can be adjusted axially via the thread 3251.
- the longitudinal positioning can also take place by means of an alternative stop element, which cooperates with a collar 22 formed directly on the mandrel head 21 at the rear end of the mandrel.
- the Fig. 11 shows a mandrel 200 equipped with such a collar 22.
- the alternative stop element is here formed by the rotatably mounted in the first bearing 310 bushing 311, at the end face of the collar 22 rests with retracted mandrel 200.
- the alternative stop element can thus rotate with the mandrel, so that friction between the mandrel and the stop element is avoided.
- the collar 22 is slightly smaller in diameter than the mandrel head 21, so that the latter can still be safely engaged behind by the rear grip 422.
- the end face of the mandrel head 21 is formed slightly curved so that the mandrel, if it is pressed in the direction of the head, a smaller frictional torque acts.
- the front side could, for example, be conical or flat.
- the bearings 310 and 320 are formed as inserts that can be easily installed as a whole in the revolver drum 3 and again removed from this. As a result, the ring rolling device can be quickly and easily converted to another mandrel diameter. Also, these inserts allow the cooling of the bearings and the both revolver drum parts in a closed circuit.
- the rolling bearings 310 and 320 are spirally enclosed by a coolant channel 317 and 327, respectively, which communicate with annular grooves 318a and 318b and 328a and 328b via which coolant can be supplied or discharged again.
- the spiral coolant channels 317 and 327 and the annular grooves 318a and 318b or 328a and 328b form a closed coolant system for cooling the roller bearings 310 and 320 or the two revolver drum parts 31 and 32 with unsealed external coolant supply and coolant discharge lines. Unspecified seals in the inserts prevent the ingress of dirt and water both during rolling and when not in use.
- the first rolling bearing 310 shown on the right in the drawings are accessible from the (also shown on the right) front side of the ring rolling device ago and therefore relatively easy to install and remove.
- the second rolling bearings 320 shown on the left this is more complicated if the revolving drum 3 is not to be dismantled.
- their bushes 321 are equipped with a positive locking element which allows the intervention of a special, equipped with gripping elements mounting tool.
- the positive locking element is in Fig. 7 shown embodiment formed as an inner circumferential groove 329.
- the bushings 311 of the first roller bearings 310 likewise have an annular groove 319 on, which can be used at most also for the preparation of a tool.
- FIG Fig. 13 An example of an assembly tool 1000 is shown in FIG Fig. 13 shown. It comprises a tubular handle 1010 with a flange 1011 and a tubular extension 1012, the outer diameter of which corresponds to the inner diameter of the bushes 321.
- a gate valve 1015 At the front (inner) end of the plunger 1013 sits a gate valve 1015, whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve 321 and on the extension 1012 facing side has a conical taper.
- the axially aligned first rolling bearing 310 is first removed from the drum part 31 of the revolving drum 3. Then, the tool 1000 is inserted into the bushing 321 of the second rolling bearing 320 ahead of the resulting opening in the barrel member 31 with its gate valve 1015, as shown in FIG Fig. 13 is shown.
- the plunger 1013 is kept pressed inwards, so that between the locking slide 1015 and the extension 1012, an annular gap is formed, in which there is at least one locking ball 1016.
- the coil spring 1014 pushes the lock slider 1015 outward (rightward in the figure).
- the blocking ball 1016 is pressed radially outward beyond the bevel of the blocking slide 1015 until it engages in the annular groove 329 of the sleeve 321.
- the second rolling bearing 320 by means of the tool 1000 from the second Drum part 32 is pulled out and removed by the first drum part 31 through from the ring rolling device.
- the procedure is reversed, wherein the tool 1000 can be pulled out of the rolling bearing 320 used with the ram 1013 pushed in.
- the tool 1000 as a gripping element on a ball 1016 or more balls.
- Balls have the advantage that they can be easily blocked in their final position without having to be aligned.
- the feed arrangement can also be realized as a movable mandrel bearing arrangement which can be moved in one or two dimensions via corresponding drive devices, the mandrel being brought into the loading position, moved against the drive roller and brought away from the drive roller into the unloading position.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
- Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
- Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Ringwalzvorrichtung gemäss dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a ring rolling apparatus according to the preamble of
Eine bekannte Variante zum Herstellen von Ringen, beispielsweise für Kugellager, besteht darin, zunächst einen Ringrohling zu schmieden, der dann durch Ringwalzen weiterverarbeitet wird. Zum Ringwalzen wird der Ringrohling um einen Dorn herum gelagert und dann zwischen dem Dorn und einer Umformwalze gewalzt. Dabei wird die Dicke des Ringrohlings reduziert und gleichzeitig sein Umfang vergrössert, da kein Material entfernt wird. Zur Reduzierung der Dicke des Ringrohlings muss der Walzspalt zwischen dem Dorn und der Umformwalze kontinuierlich verringert werden, was beispielsweise durch eine Verschiebung des Dorns zur Umformwalze hin oder umgekehrt erfolgen kann.A known variant for producing rings, for example for ball bearings, is first to forge a ring blank, which is then further processed by ring rolling. For ring rolling, the ring blank is mounted around a mandrel and then rolled between the mandrel and a forming roll. The thickness of the ring blank is reduced and at the same time its circumference is increased, since no material is removed. To reduce the thickness of the ring blank, the nip between the mandrel and the forming roll must be continuously reduced, which can be done for example by a displacement of the mandrel to form the forming or vice versa.
In der
Nachteile dieser Ringwalzvorrichtung sind die relativ unpräzise Lagerung der Dorne, was zu Walzungenauigkeiten führt, und der grosse, relativ schwere Drehtisch, was den Betrieb verlangsamt.Disadvantages of this ring rolling device are the relatively imprecise mounting of the mandrels, which leads to rolling inaccuracies, and the large, relatively heavy turntable, which slows down the operation.
Eine gattungsgemäße Ringwalzvorrichtung zum Aufweiten eines Ringrohlings ist in der
Die Ringwalzvorrichtung gemäss
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Ringwalzvorrichtung der gattungsgemässen Art konstruktiv zu vereinfachen. Dabei sollen die erreichbare Walzpräzision möglichst verbessert, bewegte Massen möglichst gering gehalten und die Steifigkeit möglichst erhöht werden.The present invention is therefore based on the object to simplify a ring rolling device of the generic type constructive. The achievable rolling precision should be improved as much as possible, moving masses should be kept as low as possible and the rigidity should be increased as much as possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die erfindungsgemässe Ringwalzvorrichtung gelöst, wie sie im unabhängigen Patentanspruch 1 definiert ist. Besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsvarianten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Patentansprüchen.This object is achieved by the inventive ring rolling device, as defined in
Das Wesen der Erfindung besteht im Folgenden: Eine Ringwalzvorrichtung zum Aufweiten eines Ringrohlings umfasst ein Presselement, einen drehbar gelagerten Dorn, der einen ersten Endteil, einen zweiten Endteil und dazwischen einen Mittelteil aufweist, um den herum der Ringrohling lagerbar ist, und eine Zustellanordnung, in der der Dorn mit seinem ersten Endteil in einem ersten Wälzlager und mit seinem zweiten Endteil in einem zweiten Wälzlager drehbar gelagert ist, so dass der Mittelteil des Dorns zur Lagerung des Ringrohlings freiliegt. Mittels der Zustellanordnung ist der Dorn zum Presselement hin und wieder von diesem weg bewegbar, wobei zwischen dem Dorn und dem Presselement ein sich verkleinernder Walzspalt gebildet wird, in dem der Ringrohling gewalzt wird. Das zweite Wälzlager ist in der Zustellanordnung axial feststehend angeordnet und der Dorn ist axial relativ zum zweiten Wälzlager beweglich gelagert, so dass der zweite Endteil des Dorns aus dem zweiten Wälzlager herausziehbar bzw. in dieses einführbar ist. Erfindungsgemäss ist auch das erste Wälzlager in der Zustellanordnung axial feststehend angeordnet und der Dorn ist axial relativ zum ersten Wälzlager beweglich gelagert.The essence of the invention consists in the following: A ring rolling device for expanding a ring blank comprises a pressing element, a rotatably mounted mandrel having a first end portion, a second end portion and therebetween a central part, around which the ring blank is storable, and a feed arrangement, in in that the mandrel is rotatably mounted with its first end part in a first rolling bearing and with its second end part in a second rolling bearing so that the middle part of the mandrel is exposed for supporting the ring blank. By means of the feed arrangement, the mandrel to the pressing element now and then moved away from it, wherein between the mandrel and the pressing element, a decreasing roll gap is formed, in which the ring blank is rolled. The second rolling bearing is arranged axially fixed in the Zustellanordnung and the mandrel is axially movably mounted relative to the second rolling bearing, so that the second end portion of the mandrel from the second rolling bearing is pulled out or inserted into this. According to the invention, the first rolling bearing in the feed arrangement is arranged axially fixed and the mandrel is mounted axially movable relative to the first rolling bearing.
Die Drehlagerung des Dorns in axial feststehenden Lagern ist konstruktiv weniger aufwändig als die Lagerung über andersartige Lager und zusätzlich über Stützrollen. Ausserdem muss sowohl bei der Bewegung der Zustellanordnung als auch beim Durchstecken des Dorns durch den Ringrohling und Einführen in das zweite Wälzlager bzw. umgekehrt beim wieder Herausziehen des Dorns weniger Masse bewegt werden. Letzteres ist deswegen der Fall, weil die Wälzlager selbst axial feststehen und nur der Dorn selbst axial, das heisst in seiner Längsrichtung, bewegt werden muss. Dies ermöglicht eine hohe Geschwindigkeit beim Zuführen und Ringwalzen von Ringrohlingen im Maschinentakt.The pivot bearing of the mandrel in axially fixed bearings is structurally less expensive than the storage on different types of bearings and in addition to support rollers. In addition, less mass must be moved both during the movement of the delivery arrangement as well as the insertion of the mandrel through the ring blank and insertion into the second rolling bearing or vice versa when pulling out the mandrel again. The latter is the case because the bearings themselves are axially fixed and only the mandrel itself axially, that is to say in its longitudinal direction, must be moved. This allows a high speed when feeding and ring rolling of ring blanks in the machine cycle.
Vorzugsweise sind das erste und das zweite Wälzlager als tangential bewegliche Lager, insbesondere Pendelrollenlager oder Pendelkugellager ausgebildet. Pendelrollenlager und Pendelkugellager halten hohen radialen und auch axialen Belastungen stand und eignen sich gut, um Fluchtfehler auszugleichen. Ausserdem sind sie relativ kompakt.Preferably, the first and the second rolling bearing are designed as tangentially movable bearings, in particular spherical roller bearings or self-aligning ball bearings. Spherical roller bearings and self-aligning ball bearings withstand high radial and axial loads and are well suited to compensate for misalignments. Moreover, they are relatively compact.
Vorteilhafterweise sind im ersten und im zweiten Wälzlager axial feststehende hülsenförmige Büchsen zur Aufnahme des Dorns drehbar gelagert. Die Büchsen ermöglichen eine einfache Einführung des Dorns in die Wälzlager.Advantageously, axially fixed sleeve-shaped bushes for receiving the mandrel are rotatably mounted in the first and in the second rolling bearing. The bushes allow easy insertion of the mandrel in the bearings.
Vorzugsweise sind die Büchsen relativ zur Rotationsachse des ersten bzw. des zweiten Wälzlagers kippbar angeordnet, wobei zweckmässigerweise die Verkippbarkeit der Büchsen durch Anschläge begrenzt ist. Dies ermöglicht ein sicheres Einführen des Dorns in die Wälzlager bzw. deren Büchsen.Preferably, the bushings are arranged tiltable relative to the axis of rotation of the first and the second rolling bearing, wherein expediently the tiltability of the bushings is limited by stops. This allows a safe insertion of the mandrel in the rolling bearing or their sleeves.
Zur erleichterten Einführung des Dorns in das zweite Wälzlager weist vorteilhafterweise die im zweiten Wälzlager angeordnete Büchse eine trichterförmige Einführschräge auf. Aus demselben Grund ist vorteilhafterweise der Dorn an seinem vorderen Ende am zweiten Endteil konisch oder abgerundet ausgebildet.For easier insertion of the mandrel into the second rolling bearing, the bush arranged in the second rolling bearing advantageously has a funnel-shaped insertion bevel. For the same reason, the mandrel is advantageously formed conically or rounded at its front end on the second end portion.
Zur Erhöhung der Walzpräzision weist die Zustellanordnung bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsvariante ein vorzugsweise verstellbares Anschlagelement für das vordere Ende des Dorns zur Positionierung des Dorns in Längsrichtung des Dorns auf. Dies ermöglicht eine genaue Positionierung des Dorns und des darauf angeordneten Ringrohlings für das Walzen und ist insbesondere dann von Bedeutung, wenn der Dorn und/oder das Presselement eine Profilierung aufweist, die auf den Ringrohling übertragen werden soll.To increase the rolling precision, the feed arrangement in an advantageous embodiment variant has a preferably adjustable stop element for the front end of the mandrel for positioning the mandrel in the longitudinal direction of the mandrel. This allows accurate positioning of the mandrel and the ring blank thereon for rolling and is particularly important if the mandrel and / or the pressing element has a profiling to be transmitted to the ring blank.
Zweckmässigerweise ragt das Anschlagelement teilweise in das zweite Wälzlager hinein und ist mit einer in den Innenraum des zweiten Wälzlagers ausmündenden Zufuhrleitung für ein Reinigungs- und/oder Kühlmittel ausgebildet. Dadurch können die Büchsen zu Zeiten, in denen kein Dorn in ihnen gelagert bzw. der Dorn mindestens teilweise herausgezogen ist, auf einfache Weise gereinigt und/oder gekühlt werden.Expediently, the stop element partially protrudes into the second rolling bearing and is formed with a feed line opening into the interior of the second rolling bearing for a cleaning and / or cooling agent. As a result, the cans can be easily cleaned and / or cooled at times when no mandrel is stored in them or the mandrel is at least partially pulled out.
Vorteilhafterweise ist das Anschlagelement drehbar gelagert. Dadurch kann der Verschleiss aufgrund eines anliegenden, sich drehenden Dorns erheblich reduziert werden.Advantageously, the stop element is rotatably mounted. As a result, the wear due to an adjacent, rotating mandrel can be significantly reduced.
Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsvariante umfasst die Zustellanordnung zweckmässigerweise ein alternatives Anschlagelement für einen Anschlagbund am ersten Endteil des Dorns zur Positionierung des Dorns in dessen Längsrichtung. Vorzugsweise ist dabei das alternative Anschlagelement durch die im ersten Wälzlager drehbar gelagerte Büchse gebildet. Diese Ausbildung des Anschlagelements ist konstruktiv besonders einfach.In an alternative embodiment variant, the feed arrangement expediently comprises an alternative stop element for a stop collar on the first end part of the mandrel for positioning the mandrel in its longitudinal direction. Preferably, the alternative stop element is formed by the rotatably mounted in the first bearing sleeve. This design of the stop element is structurally particularly simple.
Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Zustellanordnung eine drehbare Revolvertrommel, wobei die Revolvertrommel relativ zum Presselement so angeordnet ist, dass durch Drehen der Revolvertrommel zwischen dem Dorn und dem Presselement ein sich verkleinernder Walzspalt gebildet wird. Die Lagerung des Dorns auf einer Revolvertrommel ist konstruktiv günstig und erlaubt einen hohen Maschinentakt.According to a preferred embodiment, the feed arrangement is a rotatable turret drum, wherein the turret drum is arranged relative to the pressing member so that by turning the turret drum between the mandrel and the pressing member, a decreasing nip is formed. The storage of the mandrel on a revolver drum is structurally favorable and allows a high machine cycle.
Vorzugsweise umfasst die Revolvertrommel zwei voneinander beabstandete, drehstarr miteinander verbundene, scheibenartige Trommelteile, in denen das erste Wälzlager und das zweite Wälzlager für den Dorn axial feststehend angeordnet sind. Durch die beiden drehstarr miteinander verbundenen, scheibenartigen Trommelteile kann der Dorn auf beiden Seiten des den Ringrohling lagernden Mittelteils stabil und gleichzeitig drehbar gelagert werden.Preferably, the revolver drum comprises two spaced apart, rotationally rigidly interconnected, disc-like drum parts, in which the first roller bearing and the second roller bearing for the mandrel are arranged axially fixed. By the two rotatably connected to each other, disc-like drum parts of the mandrel can be stably and rotatably mounted on both sides of the ring blank supporting middle part.
Vorteilhafterweise sind das erste und das zweite Wälzlager je als Ganzes auswechselbar in den Trommelteilen montiert. Dadurch kann die Ringwalzvorrichtung schnell und einfach auf einen anderen Dorndurchmesser umgebaut werden.Advantageously, the first and the second rolling bearing are each interchangeably mounted in the drum parts as a whole. As a result, the ring rolling device can be quickly and easily converted to another mandrel diameter.
Mit Vorteil weist mindestens die im zweiten Wälzlager angeordnete Büchse ein vorzugsweise als Ringnut ausgebildetes Formschlusselement zum Ansetzen eines Montagewerkzeugs auf. Damit kann das zweite Wälzlager mittels des Werkzeugs einfach aus der Ringwalzvorrichtung entfernt werden.Advantageously, at least the bushing arranged in the second rolling bearing has a form-locking element, preferably designed as an annular groove, for applying an assembly tool. Thus, the second rolling bearing can be easily removed by means of the tool from the ring rolling device.
Vorteilhafterweise weist die Ringwalzvorrichtung ein vorzugsweise geschlossenes Kühlsystem für die Wälzlager und/oder Zustellanordnung auf.Advantageously, the ring rolling device has a preferably closed cooling system for the roller bearings and / or infeed arrangement.
Mit Vorteil weist die erfindungsgemässe Ringwalzvorrichtung eine Dornverstelleinrichtung zum Verstellen des Dorns in Längsrichtung des Dorns auf. Dies ermöglicht es, durch Zurückziehen des Dorns, Zuführen eines Ringrohlings in eine Ladeposition und wieder Vorstossen des Dorns und Durchstecken des Dorns durch den sich in der Ladeposition befindlichen Ringrohling diesen Ringrohling auf einfache Weise um den Dorn herum anzuordnen bzw. zu lagern. Umgekehrt kann mit derselben oder einer weiteren Dornverstelleinrichtung der fertig gewalzte Ring durch Zurückziehen des Dorns wieder vom Dorn entfernt werden.Advantageously, the inventive ring rolling device on a Dornverstelleinrichtung for adjusting the mandrel in the longitudinal direction of the mandrel. This makes it possible, by retracting the mandrel, feeding a ring blank into a loading position and again pushing the mandrel and pushing through the mandrel through the present in the loading position ring blank this ring blank in a simple manner around the mandrel around or store. Conversely, with the same or a further mandrel adjustment device, the finished rolled ring can be removed again by withdrawing the mandrel from the mandrel.
Vorzugsweise weist die erfindungsgemässe Ringwalzvorrichtung eine Ringrohlingzuführeinrichtung auf, mit welcher Ringrohlinge einzeln einer Stelle zuführbar sind, an der der Dorn durch den zugeführten Ringrohling durchsteckbar ist, das heisst der oben genannten Ladeposition. Dies ermöglicht zusammen mit der Dornverstelleinrichtung auf einfache Weise das Lagern bzw. Anordnen eines Ringrohlings um den Dorn herum.The ring rolling device according to the invention preferably has a ring blank feed device with which ring blanks can be supplied individually to a point at which the mandrel can be pushed through the supplied ring blank, that is to say the loading position mentioned above. This, together with the mandrel adjustment device, makes it easy to store a ring blank around the mandrel.
Mit Vorteil sind in der Zustellanordnung mehrere Dorne drehbar gelagert. Dadurch können gleichzeitig an verschiedenen Stationen verschiedene Verfahren ablaufen. Beispielsweise kann an einer ersten Station ein Ringrohling um einen Dorn herum gelagert werden, an einer zweiten Station ein Ringrohling gewalzt werden und an einer dritten Station ein Ringrohling von einem Dorn entfernt werden. Der Walzdurchsatz kann so erheblich erhöht werden, das heisst in kürzerer Zeit können mehr Ringrohlinge zu Ringen gewalzt werden.Advantageously, several mandrels are rotatably mounted in the Zustellanordnung. As a result, different methods can run simultaneously at different stations. For example, a ring blank may be mounted around a mandrel at a first station, a ring blank rolled at a second station, and a ring blank from a mandrel at a third station be removed. The rolling throughput can be increased significantly, that is, in a shorter time more ring blanks can be rolled into rings.
Aufgrund des höheren Walzdurchsatzes wird ein Ringwalzen im Takt des Herstellens von Ringrohlingen möglich und die Ringwalzvorrichtung kann beispielsweise an eine Kalt- oder Warmumformmaschine angegliedert werden. Bei einem Angliedern an eine Warmumformmaschine kann so der Vorteil ausgenutzt werden, dass direkt die von der Warmumformmaschine hergestellten, noch warmen Ringrohlinge mit der Ringwalzvorrichtung gewalzt werden können. Ein zusätzliches Aufwärmen der Ringrohlinge kann so für ein Warm-Ringwalzen entfallen. Grundsätzlich ist aber ein vorgängiges Aufwärmen der Ringrohlinge vor dem Ringwalzen möglich und erfindungsgemässe Ringwalzvorrichtungen sind sowohl für ein Warm-Ringwalzen als auch ein Kalt-Ringwalzen einsetzbar.Due to the higher rolling throughput ring rolling is possible in the cycle of producing ring blanks and the ring rolling device can be attached, for example, to a cold or hot forming machine. When attached to a hot forming machine, the advantage can be exploited so that the still warm ring blanks produced by the hot forming machine can be rolled directly with the ring rolling device. An additional warming of the ring blanks can be omitted for a hot ring rolling. In principle, however, a preliminary warming of the ring blanks before ring rolling is possible and inventive ring rolling devices can be used both for a hot ring rolling and a cold ring rolling.
Beim Warm-Ringwalzen kann gegebenenfalls eine Kühlung der Komponenten der Walzeinrichtung, wie z.B. Dorn, Presselement, Triebwalze etc., vorgesehen sein.In hot ring rolling, cooling of the components of the rolling means, such as e.g. Mandrel, pressing element, drive roller, etc., be provided.
Vorzugsweise weist die erfindungsgemässe Ringwalzvorrichtung eine Antriebseinrichtung zum Antreiben des Presselements auf, so dass der Ringrohling während des Walzens durch die Bewegung des Presselements drehbar ist. Dies ermöglicht es, den Ringrohling auf dem drehbar gelagerten Dorn mit Hilfe des Presselements während des Walzens mehrmals zu drehen, wobei der Ringrohling bei jeder Drehung zu einer kleineren Dicke gewalzt wird. Auf diese Weise kann eine grössere Dickenreduktion und ein gleichmässigeres, materialschonenderes Walzen erreicht werden.Preferably, the inventive ring rolling device has a drive device for driving the pressing element, so that the ring blank is rotatable during rolling by the movement of the pressing element. This makes it possible to rotate the ring blank on the rotatably mounted mandrel by means of the pressing member during rolling several times, wherein the ring blank is rolled to a smaller thickness with each rotation. In this way, a larger Thickness reduction and a more uniform, material-gentle rolling can be achieved.
Mit Vorteil ist das Presselement eine drehbar gelagerte Triebwalze. Eine solche Triebwalze kann beispielsweise mittels eines Motors kontinuierlich angetrieben werden und ihrerseits ihre Drehbewegung auf den um den Dorn herum gelagerten Ringrohling übertragen, sobald dieser mit der Triebwalze in Kontakt kommt. Im Vergleich zu einem linearen Presselement, welches bei der erfindungsgemässen Ringwalzvorrichtung auch denkbar wäre, kann das Drehen der Triebwalze kontinuierlich und mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit erfolgen, ein wieder Zurückstellen des Presselements nach dem Walzen entfällt.Advantageously, the pressing element is a rotatably mounted drive roller. Such a drive roller can, for example, be driven continuously by means of a motor and in turn transmit its rotational movement to the ring blank mounted around the mandrel as soon as it comes into contact with the drive roller. Compared to a linear pressing element, which would also be conceivable in the case of the ring rolling device according to the invention, the turning of the drive roller can take place continuously and at constant speed, and a return of the pressing element after rolling is dispensed with.
Im Folgenden wird die erfindungsgemässe Ringwalzvorrichtung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen detaillierter beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- - eine Perspektivansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemässen Ringwalzvorrichtung;
- Fig. 2
- - einen Schnitt durch die Ringwalzvorrichtung von
Fig. 1 kurz vor dem Walzen eines Ringrohlings; - Fig. 3
- - einen Schnitt durch die Ringwalzvorrichtung von
Fig. 1 analogFig. 2 , jedoch während des Walzens eines Ringrohlings; - Fig. 4-5
- - verschiedene perspektivische Detailansichten von Teilen der Ringwalzvorrichtung von
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 6
- - eine Schnittansicht einer Revolvertrommel der Ringwalzvorrichtung von
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 7
- - eine vergrösserte Ansicht des Ausschnitts VII der
Fig. 6 ; - Fig. 8
- - einen Axialschnitt durch eine Anschlaganordnung der Ringwalzvorrichtung gemäss einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;
- Fig. 9-10
- - zwei perspektivische Ansichten der Anschlaganordnung der
Fig. 8 ; - Fig. 11
- - einen alternativen Dorn der Ringwalzvorrichtung;
- Fig. 12
- - einen Detailschnitt der Ringwalzvorrichtung mit einem in Anschlagposition befindlichen Dorn gemäss
Fig. 11 ; und - Fig. 13
- - einen Schnitt durch ein in ein Wälzlager der Ringwalzvorrichtung eingesetztes Montage- bzw. Demontagewerkzeug.
- Fig. 1
- a perspective view of an embodiment of a ring rolling device according to the invention;
- Fig. 2
- - A section through the ring rolling device of
Fig. 1 just before rolling a ring blank; - Fig. 3
- - A section through the ring rolling device of
Fig. 1 analogousFig. 2 but during rolling of a ring blank; - Fig. 4-5
- various perspective detail views of parts of the ring rolling device of
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 6
- a sectional view of a revolver drum of the ring rolling device of
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 7
- - an enlarged view of section VII of the
Fig. 6 ; - Fig. 8
- - An axial section through a stop assembly of the ring rolling device according to a second embodiment;
- Fig. 9-10
- two perspective views of the stop assembly of
Fig. 8 ; - Fig. 11
- an alternative mandrel of the ring rolling device;
- Fig. 12
- - A detail section of the ring rolling device with a located in the stop position mandrel according
Fig. 11 ; and - Fig. 13
- - A section through an inserted into a rolling bearing of the ring rolling assembly or disassembly tool.
Für die nachstehende Beschreibung gilt die folgende Festlegung: Sind in einer Figur zum Zweck zeichnerischer Eindeutigkeit Bezugszeichen angegeben, aber im unmittelbar zugehörigen Beschreibungsteil nicht erwähnt, so wird auf deren Erläuterung in vorangehenden oder nachfolgenden Beschreibungsteilen verwiesen. Umgekehrt sind zur Vermeidung zeichnerischer Überladung für das unmittelbare Verständnis weniger relevante Bezugszeichen nicht in allen Figuren eingetragen. Hierzu wird auf die jeweils übrigen Figuren verwiesen.The following definition applies to the following description: If reference signs have been given in a figure for the purpose of clarity of drawing, but are not mentioned in the directly related part of the description, reference is made to their explanation in the preceding or following parts of the description. Vice versa are not included in all figures to avoid overcharging graphic for the immediate understanding less relevant reference numerals. For this purpose, reference is made to the other figures.
Das in den
Die Lagerplatte 15 ist beispielsweise über drei Schienengreifelemente 151, 152 und 153 in Richtung einer Revolvertrommeldrehachse 39 (
Beim Ringwalzen wird der Ringrohling 9 zwischen der Triebwalze 1 und einem Dorn 2 gewalzt, der in einer Zustellanordnung in Form einer Revolvertrommel 3 drehbar gelagert ist.
Zur Zuführung von Ringrohlingen 9 zu den Dornen 2 in der Revolvertrommel 3 weist die dargestellte Ringwalzvorrichtung eine Ringrohlingzuführeinrichtung 5 auf. Die Ringrohlingzuführeinrichtung 5 ist ausgebildet, um Ringrohlinge 9 einzeln einer Stelle zuzuführen, an der ein Dorn 2 durch den zugeführten Ringrohling 9 durchsteckbar ist, das heisst einer Ladeposition. Die Ringrohlingzuführeinrichtung 5 weist einen Vorratsschacht 51 auf, in dem mehrere Ringrohlinge 9 speicherbar sind. Der Vorratsschacht 51 ist an seinem unteren Ende mit einer Öffnung versehen, durch die hindurch ein Ringrohling 9 aufgrund der Schwerkraft direkt zur Ladeposition gelangt. Um zu verhindern, dass Ringrohlinge 9 unkontrolliert in Richtung Ladeposition fallen, ist ein gelenkig angeordnetes Rückhalteelement 52 vorhanden, das mittels eines auf eine Kurvenrolle 53 wirkenden Federelements 54 in einer Rückhalteposition gehalten wird, in der es die Ringrohlinge 9 im Vorratsschacht 51 hält. Zum Freigeben eines einzelnen Ringrohlings 9 wird mittels einer um die Revolvertrommeldrehachse 39 drehbar angeordneten Steuerkurve 55 einfach entgegen der Federkraft auf die Kurvenrolle 53 eingewirkt.For feeding
Um einen Ringrohling 9 um einen Dorn 2 herum lagern und später einen gewalzten Ring 90 wieder vom Dorn 2 entfernen zu können, weist die Ringwalzvorrichtung eine Dornverstelleinrichtung 4 zum Verstellen des Dorns 2 in Längsrichtung des Dorns 2 auf. Da das Lagern des Ringrohlings 9 um den Dorn 2 herum und das Entfernen des aus dem Rohling 9 gewalzten Rings 90 vom Dorn 2 an zwei verschiedenen Stellen erfolgt, nämlich einerseits direkt unterhalb des Vorratsschachts 51 und andererseits etwa nach einer Drehung der Revolvertrommel 3 um ca. 150°, umfasst die Dornverstelleinrichtung 4 zwei separate Verstellzylinder 41 und 42, die am Maschinenrahmen 8 befestigt sind.To store a
Zur Abführung des gewalzten Rings 90 nach der Entfernung vom Dorn 2 ist bei der dargestellten Ringwalzvorrichtung ein Abführkanal 6 unterhalb der Stelle der Ringentfernung angeordnet.For the removal of the rolled
In
Um zu der in
Der zweite Ringrohling 9 ist durch das Drehen der Revolvertrommel 3 aufgrund der Verkleinerung des Walzspalts zwischen dem zweiten Dorn 2 und der Triebwalze 1 mit letzterer in Kontakt gekommen und zu einer geringeren Dicke gewalzt worden. Durch den Kontakt mit der sich vorzugsweise mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit drehenden, durch die Antriebseinrichtung 10 angetriebenen Triebwalze 1 wird auf den Ringrohling 9 ein Drehmoment übertragen, so dass dieser zusammen mit dem drehbar gelagerten zweiten Dorn 2 ins Drehen um die Drehachse des Dorns, das heisst seine Mittelachse, herum gebracht wird. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich ein - abhängig von der Grösse des Ringrohlings und der angestrebten Wanddickenreduktion - drei- bis dreissigmaliges, insbesondere acht- bis zwölfmaliges, bevorzugt ca. zehnmaliges, Drehen des Ringrohlings während des Walzens erwiesen. Um dies zu erreichen, werden die Drehgeschwindigkeiten der Triebwalze 1 und der Revolvertrommel 3 geeignet gewählt. Das mehrfache Drehen des Ringrohlings 9 während des Ringwalzens ermöglicht eine grössere Dickenreduktion und ein gleichmässigeres, materialschonenderes Walzen.The
In den
Der Verstellzylinder 42 umfasst einen ausfahrbaren Kolben 421, an dem ein Hintergreifkopf 422 befestigt ist. Der Hintergreifkopf 422 hintergreift bei den in den
Damit der Dorn 2 beim Drehen der Revolvertrommel 3 in Gegenuhrzeigerrichtung nicht unbeabsichtigt wieder aus der Revolvertrommel 3 herausbewegt wird, weist die Ringwalzvorrichtung einen Niederhalter 40 auf, der flanschartig um ein am Maschinenrahmen 8 befestigtes Montagerohr 81 befestigt ist. Dieser Niederhalter 40 bildet einen Anschlag für den Dornkopf 21, wie am besten aus
Aus
Der wesentlichste Unterschied der erfindungsgemässen Ringwalzvorrichtung gegenüber der Ringwalzvorrichtung gemäss
In den beiden scheibenartigen Trommelteilen 31 und 32 sind gleichmässig über den Umfang verteilt fünf erste Wälzlager 310 bzw. fünf zweite Wälzlager 320 axial feststehend angeordnet, wobei sich je ein erstes Wälzlager 310 und ein zweites Wälzlager 320 axial fluchtend gegenüber stehen. In den Wälzlagern 310 und 320 sind jeweils hülsenförmige Büchsen 311 bzw. 321 drehbar gelagert und gegen axiale Bewegung gesichert (
Die ersten und zweiten Wälzlager 310 bzw. 320 sind, wie hier dargestellt, vorzugsweise als Pendelrollenlager ausgebildet, beispielsweise etwa gemäss DIN 635-2. Pendelrollenlager halten hohen radialen und auch axialen Belastungen stand und eignen sich gut, um Fluchtfehler auszugleichen. Ausserdem sind sie vergleichsweise kompakt. Die in den Pendelrollenlagern 310 und 320 drehbaren Büchsen 311 und 321 sind aufgrund der inhärenten Eigenschaften von Pendelrollenlagern bis zu einem gewissen Grad gegenüber der Rotationsachse der Lager verkippbar, was eben den Ausgleich von Fluchtfehlern ermöglicht. Die Verkippbarkeit der Büchsen 311 und 321 ist durch radiale Anschläge 312 und 322 soweit beschränkt, dass die Dorne störungsfrei in die zweiten Wälzlager eingeschoben werden können, ohne dass die Drehbewegung bei maximaler Durchbiegung behindert wird.The first and second rolling
Neben Pendelrollenlagern gibt es auch noch andere Lager, die in einem gewissen Bereich tangential frei sind (z.B. Carb- bzw. Toroidalrollenlager, Pendelkugellager oder kombinierte Lager). Entscheidend ist die tangentiale Freiheit der Lager. Unter tangentialer Freiheit ist dabei zu verstehen, dass sie Fluchtfehler zwischen der Rotationsachse der Lager und der Rotationsachse des gelagerten Dorns ausgleichen können. Pendelrollenlager sind wegen ihrer hohen Standzeit bevorzugt.In addition to spherical roller bearings, there are also other bearings which are tangentially free within a certain range (e.g., carbide or toroidal roller bearings, self-aligning ball bearings, or combined bearings). Decisive is the tangential freedom of the bearings. Under tangential freedom is to be understood that they can compensate for misalignment between the axis of rotation of the bearing and the axis of rotation of the stored mandrel. Spherical roller bearings are preferred because of their long service life.
Zur erleichterten Einführung der Dorne 2 in die Büchsen 321 der zweiten Wälzlager 320 ist an den Büchsen 321 eine trichterförmige Einfuhrschräge 323 ausgebildet. Ferner sind die Dorne 2 an ihren vorderen Enden 2a konisch oder abgerundet ausgebildet. Dadurch können sich die Wälzlager leicht und schnell zueinander ausrichten, ohne dass ein Verklemmen des Dornes in der Büchse stattfindet.To facilitate insertion of the
Zur Positionierung der Dorne 2 in ihrer Längsrichtung ist im Trommelteil 32 der Revolvertrommel 3 koaxial zu den zweiten Wälzlagern 320 je ein (z.B. mittels eines Schraubgewindes) axial verstellbares Anschlagelement 325 vorgesehen, welches sich etwas in die zweiten Wälzlager 320 bzw. die Büchsen 321 hinein erstreckt. Durch die Einstellbarkeit des Anschlagelements werden die Anforderungen an die Bearbeitungsgenauigkeit gesenkt und ein Nachstellen oder Austauschen bei Verschleiss ermöglicht. Das Anschlagelement 325 weist eine Zufuhrleitung 326 auf, die über kleinere, nicht bezeichnete Zweigleitungen in das Innere der Büchse 321 ausmündet. Über diese Zufuhrleitung kann der Büchse 321 zu Zeiten, in denen sich kein Dorn 2 in ihnen befindet, von aussen ein Reinigungs- und/oder ein Kühlmittel zugeführt werden.To position the
Anstelle des rotationsfesten Anschlagelements 325 kann auch eine Anschlaganordnung mit einem drehbar gelagerten Anschlagelement vorgesehen sein, so wie dies in den
Alternativ zur Längspositionierung des Dorns 2 über dessen vorderes Ende 2a kann die Längspositionierung auch mittels eines alternativen Anschlagelements erfolgen, welches mit einem am hinteren Ende des Dorns unmittelbar am Dornkopf 21 ausgebildeten Bund 22 zusammenarbeitet. Die
Wie aus
Die Stirnseite des Dornkopfs 21 ist leicht gewölbt ausgebildet, damit auf den Dorn, falls dieser in Richtung Kopf gedrückt wird, ein kleineres Reibmoment einwirkt. Alternativ könnte die Stirnseite beispielsweise auch kegelig oder flach ausgebildet sein.The end face of the
Die Wälzlager 310 und 320 sind als Einsätze ausgebildet, die als Ganze einfach in die Revolvertrommel 3 eingebaut bzw. wieder aus dieser ausgebaut werden können. Dadurch kann die Ringwalzvorrichtung schnell und einfach auf einen anderen Dorndurchmesser umgebaut werden. Auch ermöglichen diese Einsätze das Kühlen der Lager und der beiden Revolvertrommelteile in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf.The
Aus
Die in den Zeichnungen jeweils rechts dargestellten ersten Wälzlager 310 sind von der (ebenfalls rechts dargestellten) Vorderseite der Ringwalzvorrichtung her zugänglich und können daher relativ einfach ein- und ausgebaut werden. Bei den links dargestellten zweiten Wälzlagern 320 hingegen ist dies komplizierter, falls die Revolvertrommel 3 nicht demontiert werden soll. Um auch die zweiten Wälzlager 320 einfach demontieren bzw. wieder einsetzen zu können, sind deren Büchsen 321 mit einem Formschlusselement ausgestattet, welches das Eingreifen eines speziellen, mit Greifelementen ausgestatteten Montagewerkzeugs ermöglicht. Das Formschlusselement ist im in
Ein Beispiel eines Montagewerkzeugs 1000 ist in
Zur Demontage eines zweiten Wälzlagers 320 wird zunächst das axial fluchtende erste Wälzlager 310 aus dem Trommelteil 31 der Revolvertrommel 3 entfernt. Dann wird das Werkzeug 1000 durch die dadurch entstandene Öffnung im Trommelteil 31 hindurch mit seinem Sperrschieber 1015 voraus in die Büchse 321 des zweiten Wälzlagers 320 eingeführt, so wie dies in
Im gezeigten Beispiel weist das Werkzeug 1000 als Greifelement eine Kugel 1016 oder auch mehrere Kugeln auf. Kugeln haben den Vorteil, dass sie einfach in ihrer Endlage blockiert werden können, ohne dass sie dazu ausgerichtet sein müssen.In the example shown, the
Die vorne beschriebene Ausbildung der Zustellanordnung als Revolvertrommel, insbesondere mit mehreren an ihr drehbar gelagerten Dornen, ist zwar bevorzugt, die Erfindung ist aber nicht darauf beschränkt. So kann die Zustellanordnung beispielsweise auch als bewegliche Dornlageranordnung realisiert sein, die über entsprechende Antriebsvorrichtungen in einer oder zwei Dimensionen bewegbar ist, wobei der Dorn in die Ladeposition gebracht, gegen die Triebwalze bewegt und von der Triebwalze weg in die Entladeposition gebracht wird.The above-described embodiment of the delivery arrangement as a revolver drum, in particular with a plurality of rotatably mounted on her thorns, although preferred, but the invention is not limited thereto. Thus, for example, the feed arrangement can also be realized as a movable mandrel bearing arrangement which can be moved in one or two dimensions via corresponding drive devices, the mandrel being brought into the loading position, moved against the drive roller and brought away from the drive roller into the unloading position.
Claims (18)
- Ring rolling device for enlarging a ring blank (9), with a press element (1), with a rotatably mounted mandrel (2; 200), which has a first end part, a second end part and a middle part between these, around which the ring blank (9) can be mounted, and with an advancing arrangement (3) in which the mandrel (2; 200) is rotatably mounted with its first end part in a first rolling bearing (310) and with its second end part in a second rolling bearing (320), such that the middle part of the mandrel (2; 200) lies free for the mounting of the ring blank (9), and by means of which advancing arrangement (3) the mandrel (2; 200) is movable towards the press element (1) and away from the latter again, wherein a roll gap which decreases in size, and in which the ring blank (9) is rolled, is formed between the mandrel (2; 200) and the press element (1), wherein the second rolling bearing (320) is arranged axially fixed in the advancing arrangement (3), and the mandrel (2; 200) is mounted so as to be axially movable relative to the second rolling bearing (320), such that the second end part of the mandrel (2; 200) can be pulled out of the second rolling bearing (320) or pushed into the latter, characterized in that the first rolling bearing (310) is also arranged axially fixed in the advancing arrangement (3), and the mandrel (2; 200) is mounted so as to be axially movable relative to the first rolling bearing (310).
- Ring rolling device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first and second rolling bearings (310, 320) are designed as tangentially movable bearings.
- Ring rolling device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the first and second rolling bearings (310, 320) are designed as spherical roller bearings or self-aligning ball bearings.
- Ring rolling device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that axially fixed sleeve-shaped bushings (311, 321) for receiving the mandrel (2; 200) are mounted rotatably in the first and second rolling bearings (310, 320).
- Ring rolling device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the bushings (311, 321) are arranged so as to be tiltable relative to the rotation axis of the first and second rolling bearings (310, 320) .
- Ring rolling device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the tiltability of the bushings (311, 321) is limited by stops (312, 322).
- Ring rolling device according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that at least the bushing (321) arranged in the second rolling bearing (320) has a funnel-shaped insertion bevel (323).
- Ring rolling device according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterized in that at least the bushing (321) arranged in the second rolling bearing (320) has a form-fit element, preferably designed as an annular groove (329), for the engagement of an assembly tool (1000).
- Ring rolling device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the mandrel (2; 200) at its front end (2a) on the second end part has a conical or rounded shape.
- Ring rolling device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the advancing arrangement (3) has a preferably adjustable stop element (325; 3254) for the front end (2a) of the mandrel (2), for positioning the mandrel (2) in the longitudinal direction thereof.
- Ring rolling device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the stop element (325; 3254) protrudes partially into the second rolling bearing (320) and is designed with a feed line (326; 3255), for a cleaning agent and/or coolant, emptying into the interior of the second rolling bearing (320).
- Ring rolling device according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the stop element (3254) is mounted rotatably.
- Ring rolling device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the advancing arrangement (3) has a stop element for a stop collar (22) on the first end part of the mandrel (200), for positioning the mandrel (200) in the longitudinal direction thereof.
- Ring rolling device according to Claims 4 and 13, characterized in that the stop element is formed by the bushing (311) mounted rotatably in the first rolling bearing (310).
- Ring rolling device according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the advancing arrangement is a rotatable revolver drum (3), wherein the revolver drum (3) is arranged relative to the press element (1) such that, by rotating the revolver drum (3), a decreasing roll gap is formed between the mandrel (2; 200) and the press element (1).
- Ring rolling device according to Claim 15, characterized in that the revolver drum (3) comprises two disc-like drum parts (31, 32) which are spaced apart from each other and are rigidly connected to each other for conjoint rotation and in which the first rolling bearing (310) and the second rolling bearing (320) for the mandrel (2; 200) are arranged in an axially fixed manner.
- Ring rolling device according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the first and second rolling bearings (310, 320) are each mounted in the advancing arrangement (3) so as to be exchangeable in their entirety.
- Ring rolling device according to one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that it has a preferably closed cooling system (317, 318a, 318b, 327, 328a, 328b) for the rolling bearings (310, 320) and/or advancing arrangement (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH00534/15A CH710982A1 (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2015-04-17 | Ring rolling device with axially fixed rolling bearings. |
PCT/EP2016/058075 WO2016166133A1 (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-04-13 | Ring rolling device having axially fixed rolling-element bearings |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3283243A1 EP3283243A1 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
EP3283243B1 true EP3283243B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
Family
ID=53546089
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16717329.3A Active EP3283243B1 (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-04-13 | Ring rolling device having axially fixed rolling-element bearings |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10870144B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3283243B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6850733B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102524723B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN107530762B (en) |
CH (1) | CH710982A1 (en) |
EA (1) | EA033208B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2702770T3 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI683706B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016166133A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR102149757B1 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2020-08-31 | 최원중 | High precision hot rolling machine for preventing forming ring core burr by hydraulic automatic operation |
CN112792269B (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2023-04-14 | 重庆大学 | Method for ensuring ring rigidity in rolling process of rectangular ring |
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- 2016-04-13 EA EA201700502A patent/EA033208B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2016-04-13 US US15/566,746 patent/US10870144B2/en active Active
- 2016-04-13 JP JP2017554288A patent/JP6850733B2/en active Active
- 2016-04-13 CN CN201680022138.9A patent/CN107530762B/en active Active
- 2016-04-13 WO PCT/EP2016/058075 patent/WO2016166133A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-04-13 KR KR1020177030377A patent/KR102524723B1/en active IP Right Grant
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- 2016-04-15 TW TW105111823A patent/TWI683706B/en active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3283243A1 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
US10870144B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 |
CN107530762A (en) | 2018-01-02 |
CH710982A1 (en) | 2016-10-31 |
US20180117663A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
JP6850733B2 (en) | 2021-03-31 |
JP2018511484A (en) | 2018-04-26 |
KR20170138445A (en) | 2017-12-15 |
TWI683706B (en) | 2020-02-01 |
CN107530762B (en) | 2020-01-14 |
TW201700192A (en) | 2017-01-01 |
EA201700502A1 (en) | 2018-04-30 |
WO2016166133A1 (en) | 2016-10-20 |
KR102524723B1 (en) | 2023-04-24 |
EA033208B1 (en) | 2019-09-30 |
ES2702770T3 (en) | 2019-03-05 |
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