EP3271077A1 - Dispositif et procédé d'élimination d'impuretés - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé d'élimination d'impuretés

Info

Publication number
EP3271077A1
EP3271077A1 EP16714005.2A EP16714005A EP3271077A1 EP 3271077 A1 EP3271077 A1 EP 3271077A1 EP 16714005 A EP16714005 A EP 16714005A EP 3271077 A1 EP3271077 A1 EP 3271077A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
region
electrodes
partially
plateau
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16714005.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3271077B1 (fr
Inventor
Anton Wolf
Pia ENGELHARDT
David KRAEHENBUEHL
Uwe Ludwig
Artin PARSEGYAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Woco Industrietechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Woco Industrietechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102015104168.5A external-priority patent/DE102015104168A1/de
Application filed by Woco Industrietechnik GmbH filed Critical Woco Industrietechnik GmbH
Publication of EP3271077A1 publication Critical patent/EP3271077A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3271077B1 publication Critical patent/EP3271077B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/08—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces parallel to the gas stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/47—Collecting-electrodes flat, e.g. plates, discs, gratings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/743—Cleaning the electrodes by using friction, e.g. by brushes or sliding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/76—Cleaning the electrodes by using a mechanical vibrator, e.g. rapping gear ; by using impact
    • B03C3/763—Electricity supply or control systems therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/88—Cleaning-out collected particles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for separating liquid and / or particulate contaminants from a gas stream, in which between at least a first, acting as the counter electrode electrode and at least a second electrode which acts as an emission electrode and an electrode end directed in the direction of the first electrode , a flow path of the gas flow and between the first electrode and the second electrode, a DC voltage exceeding the breakdown voltage to form a stable low-energy plasma can be applied and a method for operating such a device.
  • Such generic plasma separators for separating impurities from a gas stream, in particular blow-by gases of a motor vehicle, are known from the prior art.
  • DE 10 2011 053 578 AI discloses a generic device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the device known from DE 10 2011 053 578 A1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the section AI of Figure 1 is shown.
  • the separation device 1 has an inlet line 3 and an outlet line 5.
  • a gas stream 7, such as a blow-by gas stream is introduced into the separation device 1 through the inlet line 3.
  • the gas stream 7 contains in particular impurities, such as solid and liquid particles, in particular oil particles.
  • a first electrode in the form of a counter electrode 9 and a plurality of second electrodes arranged in the form of emission electrodes 11.
  • the gas flow 7 is guided through the separation device 1 substantially perpendicular to a normal direction N of the counter electrode 9.
  • a DC voltage is applied to the emission electrodes 11, which is higher than a breakdown voltage, in particular corresponds to at least 1.2 times the breakdown voltage.
  • the DC voltage applied in this way causes a low-energy plasma to be ignited or formed between the emission electrodes 11 and the counterelectrode 9.
  • a current applied to the terminals 13 current is adjusted.
  • the plasma formed between the emission electrode 11 and the counterelectrode 9 causes a portion of the impurities in the gas flow 7 to be accelerated in the direction of the counterelectrode 9.
  • the accumulating in the region of the counter electrode 9 impurities are fed to a collecting space 15 and fed from there to a discharge line, not shown.
  • Schott elements 17 In order to prevent the gas flow 7 and thus the impurities contained therein from entering a region between the emission electrodes 11, provision is made for Schott elements 17 to be provided in a gap between the emission electrodes 11. Both the bulkhead elements 17 and the emission electrodes 11 are attached at least indirectly to a carrier element 19, which in particular comprises an insulating and / or ceramic material. The attachment of the emission electrodes 11 takes place indirectly via a Duroplast stresses 21, are arranged on the high-resistance resistors, by means of which the emission electrodes 11 are connected to the terminals 13.
  • the device described in DE 10 2011 053 578 AI has proven itself in principle. However, it has been found that the long term stability and quality of the low energy plasma generated in the device can be improved. For example, it has been shown that in an adjacent region to the forming plasma or plasma cone, an ion wind is produced, which leads to impurities partially in the direction of the emission electrode or the carrier element to be accelerated. These particles, in particular oil droplets, can then accumulate in the area of the carrier element or thermoset body 21. There they can agglomerate and flow due to the gravitational force along the Duroplast stressess or the emission electrodes to the counter electrode facing the ends of the emission electrode.
  • the second electrode extends substantially along a first axis in a first direction and the first electrode disposed at least one opposite to the second electrode and in at least partially one substantially perpendicular to the first Has direction extending first plane extending plateau area.
  • the plateau region is arranged coaxially to the second electrode and / or the flow path extends substantially between the second electrode and the plateau region.
  • the plateau region at least in regions, in particular in the edge region has a curved in the direction of the second electrode and / or against the first direction surface. Furthermore, the invention provides that the plateau region is arranged at a distance from a base level of the first electrode in the direction of the second electrode.
  • a plurality of second electrodes is present and the first electrode has a multiplicity of plateau regions, wherein each second electrode is assigned a respective plateau region.
  • a device according to the invention can also be characterized in that the plateau region is connected to the base level by means of a spacing element which extends counter to the first direction and is in particular electrically conductive.
  • the spacer element runs coaxially to the first axis or the spacer element spaced from the first axis, preferably at least partially parallel to the first axis and the Plateau Scheme by means of at least one, preferably substantially perpendicular to the first direction and / or along the first plane extending, connecting element is connected to the spacer element.
  • the first electrode at least partially has a substantially C-shaped cross-section, in particular the C-shape is formed by the base level, the spacer element, the connecting element and the plateau region.
  • the plateau region, the spacer element, the base level and / or the connecting element are formed integrally at least in regions.
  • the plateau regions are connected by means of at least one connecting device which extends substantially parallel to the base level and / or has a smaller extension in at least one direction of the first plane in comparison to the plateau regions.
  • the plateau regions are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first axis along a straight line, in particular the connecting devices extend essentially along the straight line and / or a network and / or a matrix is formed by the connecting devices, wherein at least one plateau region is arranged at at least one of the crossing points of the connecting devices, the network and / or the matrix along the extending first level.
  • the plurality of plateau regions is provided by at least one counterelectrode element, preferably formed at least in regions as a stamped sheet metal part.
  • the plateau regions are arranged in the counterelectrode element along a second direction and / or at least two counterelectrode elements are mirror-symmetrical, preferably interdigitated, at least in regions, preferably offset from one another such that the plateau regions of the respective counterelectrode elements are offset from one another are arranged along the respective second direction.
  • plateau areas and connecting elements are formed by the stamped sheet metal part.
  • a device in addition to the aforementioned features of a first alternative or as an alternative thereto, a device may be characterized by at least one dripping element operatively connected to the second electrode by means of the fluid particles of the gas flow moving in the direction and / or along the second electrode are that the fluid particles spaced from the electrode end detached from the drip element.
  • the dripping element is at least partially encompassed by at least one inflow element arranged in the region of the second electrode.
  • the second electrode at least partially comprises the dripping element, wherein by means of the Abtropfelements in the direction of the electrode end along the second electrode flowing fluid particles spaced from the electrode end are collectable such that the fluid particles spaced from the electrode end detached from the second electrode.
  • the electrode end and a feed end of the second electrode opposite to the electrode end are offset from each other along a first axis extending in a first direction such that the electrode end is located closer to the first electrode.
  • the drip element is at least partially formed by a transition region of the second electrode which extends between a first electrode region, in which at least one surface region of the second electrode and / or the electrode from the feed end in the direction of the electrode end in a direction with a direction component along the first Axially extends, and a second electrode region in which at least one surface region of the second electrode and / or the second electrode extends at least partially in a direction with a direction component opposite to the first direction, angeor dnet is.
  • At least one surface region of the second electrode and / or the second electrode from the feed end in the direction of the electrode end, in particular following the second electrode region, in a third electrode region in one direction with a directional component along the first Axial extends, preferably such that the drip is arranged along the first axis above the electrode end.
  • An embodiment according to the invention can also be characterized in that the drip element of at least one turn of the second electrode, at least one bend of the second electrode and / or the Anströmelements, at least one helical region of the second electrode, at least one bulge of the surface of the second electrode and / or of the inflow element, at least one skirt and / or at least one plate element and / or is formed.
  • the invention also proposes that the dripping element surrounds the second electrode circumferentially, preferably radially symmetrically, the dripping element downstream of the drip element Gas stream is arranged and / or the upstream element is arranged upstream of the gas stream.
  • a device according to the invention can also be characterized in that the drip element is formed at least in regions integrally with the second electrode and / or the inflow element.
  • the second electrode in particular in the region of the electrode end, has at least one taper.
  • the taper in the form of at least one tip, at least one ridge and / or at least one edge
  • the invention proposes that the second electrode in a plane perpendicular to a main extension direction, in particular the first direction, a substantially cylindrical, triangular, square, rectangular and / or polygonal cross-sectional shape, the second electrode, in particular in the region of the electrode end a to the main extension direction inclined end surface, in particular the taper is encompassed by an edge of the end face.
  • the second electrode in particular in the region of the electrode end, at least partially has a hollow region in which the second electrode is hollow, preferably hollow cylindrical, tubular and / or cone-shaped, wherein preferably the taper of at least one end edge of the wall of the Hollow area is included, in particular the taper is formed circumferentially at the electrode end.
  • an inventive device may also be characterized in that the second electrode at least partially, in particular in the region of the electrode end, comprises a carbon material and / or the second electrode at least partially, in particular in the region of the electrode end, at least one, preferably an adhesion particle-reducing and / or fluid-reducing coating, in particular a coating comprising titanium nitride, nanosol, at least one nanoparticle comprehensive material, at least one nanostructure surface forming material and / or chromium nitride.
  • At least one of the flow path and the first electrode and / or the flow path and the second electrode is at least partially impermeable to the gas flow and / or the impurities and electrically and / or electrostatically permissive separating element is arranged.
  • the separating element comprises at least one release film and / or a separating membrane and / or at least partially comprises polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the separating element touches the second electrode, in particular the electrode end, or the first electrode.
  • a device according to the invention according to the fourth alternative, characterized in that at least one discharge opening is provided in the separating element in the arrangement of the separating element between the first electrode and the flow path, wherein by means of the discharge opening separated from the gas stream, in particular on the gas stream facing side, the separator accumulating, impurities are discharged into at least one collecting space.
  • a device according to the invention may be characterized in that the device comprises at least two second electrodes, preferably a plurality of second electrodes, wherein the second electrodes of at least a first support element extend, and at least one Abieit adopted for reducing an electrostatic charge of the support member and / or for discharging accumulating on a surface of the support member charge carriers is provided at least in the region between the second electrodes.
  • the second electrodes at least partially pass through the carrier element and / or the carrier element comprises at least one ceramic material.
  • the discharge device comprise at least one discharge element embedded at least partially on the carrier element and / or at least partially embedded in the carrier element, wherein the discharge element preferably comprises at least one, in particular electrically conductive, discharge coating, at least one, in particular polyamide and / or grounded, Ableitgewebe, and / or at least one metal strip, such as a copper strip, and / or the discharge device is designed as a conductive tunnel element.
  • the discharge device comprises at least one recess formed at least partially in the carrier element.
  • the discharge device comprises at least one discharge device arranged in the region between the electrode ends of the second electrodes and the carrier element.
  • the discharge device comprises at least one conductive grid, at least one conductive foam, at least one shielding element at least partially surrounding the respective second electrode, preferably curved radially outward in the direction of the electrode end, in particular the discharge device being on the same electrostatic potential, like the second electrodes.
  • the discharge device, the discharge element, the Ableitbe harshung and / or the discharge at least partially along and / or in a first wall and / or second wall, at least partially in one direction extends between the second electrode and the first electrode in a direction along the first axis and / or in the first direction and / or opens into the at least one inlet opening or an outlet opening, and / or along one and / or in a third Wall, which extends at least partially parallel to the first support member, at least partially below the first electrode and / or at least partially on a side facing away from the second electrode of the first electrode, expands or expand.
  • a device according to the invention can thereby
  • the device comprises at least two second electrodes, preferably a plurality of second electrodes, and at least one influencing device for influencing the electric field formed by the at least two second electrodes at least
  • the influencing device can be arranged and / or arranged essentially at least in regions relative to at least one first electrode, preferably a multiplicity of first electrodes, and / or a preferably predetermined electrical potential can be applied and / or applied.
  • Influencing device is conductively connected to the at least one first electrode and / or connected to the influencing device, the potential of the first electrode can be applied and / or applied and / or the influencing device and Abieit noise the discharge device and / or the discharge element are at least partially formed together.
  • the invention provides a method for operating a generic device or a device according to the invention, wherein the device a liquid and / or particulate impurities gas stream is supplied, for separating the impurities from the gas stream, the gas stream at least partially along a between at least a first electrode and at least a second electrode formed flow path is formed and formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, a breakdown voltage exceeding DC voltage to form a stable low-energy plasma and the method further comprises a cleaning step for cleaning the first electrode and / or the second electrode.
  • a ground potential is applied to at least one first group of a plurality of second electrodes during the cleaning step is applied or a voltage exceeding the DC voltage and a flashover between the first electrode and the second electrodes of the first group generating voltage, in particular while at least a second group of the second electrodes, the DC voltage is applied to form the low energy plasma.
  • the second electrodes are alternately assigned to the first group and the second group.
  • a mechanical excitation of the first electrode and / or the second electrode is generated, preferably by means of an ultrasonic vibration generated by at least one excitation means, wherein as excitation means preferably at least one piezoelectric element and / or at least one component an internal combustion engine and / or is used with a component of the internal combustion engine for transmitting vibrations in operative connection vibration transmission device is used.
  • a method according to the invention may be characterized in that the cleaning step comprises the sequential removal of at least two first electrodes and / or two second electrodes by means of a cleaning element, such as at least one brush.
  • the above-mentioned object with respect to the device is achieved in that the second electrode extends substantially along a first axis in a first direction and the first electrode disposed at least one opposite to the second electrode and Having in at least partially a substantially perpendicular to the first direction extending first plane extending plateau region.
  • the second electrode in order to achieve the object according to the invention in a third approach, which can be realized as an alternative or in addition to the first approach and / or the second approach, it is proposed that the second electrode, in particular in the region of the end of the electrode, has at least one taper ,
  • a separating element in particular a basically closed and / or at least for electrodes partially permeable separating element, such as a release film and / or separation membrane understood.
  • the device comprises at least two second electrodes, preferably a plurality of second electrodes, wherein the second electrodes extend from at least one first support member and at least one Abieit worn for Reduction of an electrostatic charge of the carrier element is provided at least in the region between the second electrode, wherein the fifth approach can be implemented alternatively or in addition to the aforementioned four approaches.
  • the Abieit Taiwan ⁇ ество can extend into other (wall) - areas, in particular in a first and / or second wall or side wall and / or a third or bottom wall. In this way, it is possible to form a "Faraday cage.”
  • the removal device is preferably at least on its surface and / or completely electrically conductive.
  • the device comprises at least two second electrodes, preferably a plurality of second electrodes, and at least one influencing device for influencing the at least two second electrodes formed electric fields is at least partially provided between the at least two second electrodes.
  • an influencing device is understood in particular to be metal strips or solid bodies made of metal.
  • the invention provides a method for operating a device according to the invention or a generic device, wherein the device, a gas stream is supplied liquid and / or particulate impurities, for separating the impurities from the gas stream, the gas stream at least partially along a between at least one first electrode and at least a second electrode formed flow path is formed and formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, a breakdown voltage exceeding DC voltage to form a stable low-energy plasma, and the method further comprises a cleaning step for cleaning the first electrode and / or the second electrode.
  • the invention is thus based on the surprising finding that its long-term stability can be significantly increased by comparatively simple structural or structural adaptations of the generic device.
  • the device can also be used, for example, to remove residual oil from fresh air, which is supplied to a passenger cabin of an aircraft and, for example, taken from a turbine.
  • the device can effectively prevent an aerotoxic syndrome.
  • each individual emission electrode is assigned a separate counter region of the counter electrode.
  • This region of the counterelectrode which is referred to as the plateau region, is spaced in particular by a spacer element from a base level of the counterelectrode.
  • the plateau areas stand out, so to speak, in the form of mushroom elements from the basic level.
  • the spacer is arranged coaxially to the emission electrode or a longitudinal axis of the spacer at least partially in displacement of the extension direction, in particular the first direction and / or along the first axis extends.
  • This structure of Counterelectrode causes that accumulating on the counter electrode particles, in particular oil drops, flow independently from the plateau region, in order then to be able to flow over the base level into the collecting space can.
  • the plateau region at least partially has a curvature
  • the flow of the particles is assisted.
  • the curvature can be formed only in an edge region of the otherwise flat plateau region.
  • the curvature has the effect that particles flowing out of the edge area also "drag along" particles arranged in the planar plateau area, in particular due to the viscosity of an impurity fluid It has been recognized that accumulation in this area can lead to unwanted charring of the particles and thus to plasma damage.
  • a plurality of plateau regions is formed by a single counterelectrode element.
  • This counterelectrode element is preferably formed as a stamped sheet metal part and has a C-shaped or "lying" U-shaped cross section .
  • the lower transverse element of the counterelectrode element forms the base level from which the spacer element extends substantially vertically upwards then a spoon-shaped element, which constitutes a connecting element, which forms, so to speak, the "stem” of the spoon, and the plateau region, which forms the "scooping" of the spoon.
  • the connecting element By the connecting element, an electrical connection between the spacer element and the plateau region is produced and at the same time the plateau region is mechanically held.
  • two of these counter-electrode elements are arranged mirror-symmetrically to one another and are arranged offset from one another in the second direction,
  • a plurality of offset plateau regions in the region of the counterelectrodes can be provided.
  • the counter-electrode elements can be formed completely mirror-symmetrical.
  • the counter electrode elements differ in the length of the spacer elements in such a way that the plateau areas of the counter electrodes are arranged at the same height or at the same distance from the second electrodes.
  • the plateau areas are connected to one another by connecting devices.
  • the connecting means in the first plane, at least in one direction to a smaller extent than the plateau areas.
  • spacer elements for each individual plateau region can be dispensed with, in particular the plateau regions and the connection devices can be "stretched" above the base level at the respective end points Space below the plateau areas can be provided.
  • each emission electrode is assigned to the respective plateau region, so that a plasma cone can be formed in the region of each emission electrode at a predefined location and in a predefined region, and furthermore due to the relative arrangement of the individual plateau regions, the plasma cone in FIG be formed a fixed relative position to each other. Due to the improved outflow of the particles from the plateau region, in particular due to the curvature, at least in the edge region, the plasma pellets are moreover stabilized. Thus, the particles can flow barrier-free from each of the plateau regions, so that agglomeration of particles, such as may occur in counter-electrodes known from the prior art, is avoided.
  • a drainage element be formed in the region of the emission electrode.
  • This drip element can in particular be formed integrally with the emission electrode or be realized as a separate component, which is arranged independently of the emission electrode or connected to the same.
  • the use of such a desiccant element is based on the recognition that in the area of the plasma cone, in particular adjacent or even in the plasma cone, an ion wind is produced, which causes impurities of the gas stream which have been charged by a passage through preceding plasma areas, in a direction to the emission electrode be accelerated.
  • impurities in particular fluid droplets in the region of the carrier element or thermoset body, can accumulate above the plasma gel.
  • the impurities are generally harmless at these points.
  • the arrangement of the emission electrodes on the carrier element can also take place in that the emission electrodes pass through a carrier element in the form of a perforated plate in each case through the holes of the perforated plate and the electrode tips protrude from these.
  • the support member may comprise other or additional materials as and / or in addition to thermosetting plastic, such as a ceramic material.
  • thermally insulating materials are preferably used as wall materials. These lead, in particular, to the fact that, after the settling time of the separator, there is a lower tendency to accumulate condensate liquid on the surface of the housing.
  • the emission electrode has a turn such that a first region of the emission electrode initially extends in the direction of the counterelectrode, but adjoins a second region in which the emission electrode extends away from the counterelectrode then extend in a third area again in the direction of the counter electrode to then open into the electrode tip or the electrode end.
  • Corresponding dripping elements can also be designed as umbrella-shaped elements which surround the emission electrode in the shape of a bell in order to form corresponding dripping elements on the outer edge of the screen. It can also be provided that the emission electrode has on its surface corresponding, preferably integrally formed with the electrode material bulges.
  • the dripping element is formed in that the emission electrode, in particular in the region of the end of the electrode, is hollow in regions. This results in that at the end of the electrode, a substantially circular drip is formed, if the electrode has a substantially cylindrical cross-section.
  • the flow region of the stream is separated hermetically from the regions in which the emission electrode or the counterelectrode is arranged. In particular, it is proposed that this separation between the flow region and the emission electrode is performed.
  • the flow path in particular in the region of the emission electrode, be limited in the region of the emission electrode by a separating element, such as a film or membrane, which is impermeable to the gas flow or particles contained therein, ie in particular the blow-by gas becomes.
  • the separator is permeable to charge carriers, such as electrons. Teflon or polytetrafluoroethylene films in particular have proven to be suitable elements. These offer the advantage that they are electrically permitiv, d. H. in that the DC voltage applied to the emission electrode can pass through the film into the flow region, so that the low-energy plasma continues to form in the flow region. In other words, electrodes may pass through the separator.
  • the film is in direct contact with the electrode tips of the emission electrodes. In this way, the best possible formation of the low-energy plasma is ensured while optimally separating the electrode region from the gas flow. In particular, it is thus prevented that particles in the gas stream can accumulate on the emission electrode or on adjacent structural elements of the deposition device, which, as described above, could lead to contamination and charring of the electrodes.
  • the separating element has corresponding discharge openings, through which the contamination can flow at predefined locations in a corresponding collection space.
  • corresponding Abieit drivesen are provided in an intermediate region between the emission electrodes or emission electrode rows.
  • a corresponding Abieit driving is formed by a, in particular formed in the support member, recess. Due to the resulting spacing of the lowered regions of the depression from the emission electrode, the surface area of the support element is reduced in electrostatic charging.
  • actively acting diverting elements be arranged in the region of the surface regions arranged between the emission electrodes.
  • the diverting elements may be an electrically conductive coating, which leads to the fact that charge carriers accumulating in the area of the surface are dissipated as quickly as possible.
  • This Ableitbe Anlagenung can be applied to the corresponding surface or it can also be embedded in the surface elements, such as Leitgewebe, in particular polyamide or a metallic material, such as copper, to be provided.
  • the dissipation coating or the dissipative tissue is put on the same electric potential as the emission electrode prevents the attraction of impurities ionized in the gas stream.
  • a space may be formed which acts as a faraday cage.
  • the diverter element is grounded, surface charges of the walls can flow away directly, thus effectively avoiding electrostatic forces of attraction on the contaminants which could cause buildup on the walls.
  • tunnel-like diverting leads in particular to an enlargement of the counterelectrode surface.
  • These tunnel elements are preferably arranged alternately to the electrodes.
  • the tunnel elements may further comprise, in addition or alternatively, a very coarse-meshed conductive grid or conductive bars / threads, which serve to improve the flow of contaminants to the additional counter-electrodes (tunnel surface).
  • a further discharge device is arranged at a distance from the surface.
  • This can be realized, for example, by a grid which is electrically conductive, with the emission electrodes projecting through the discharge device. If the dissipation device is connected to the same electrical potential as the emission electrodes or to ground, an attractive effect on particles present in the flow is likewise prevented. By dissipating the electrostatic charge on the corresponding surface, it is altogether prevented that impurities can accumulate and agglomerate in the surface region, which could otherwise lead to the impurities accumulating on the emission electrode where they lead to encrustation or burning-on of impurities could.
  • a corresponding discharge device can also be realized by a screen element surrounding the emission electrode, which can also serve as a drip element at the same time.
  • At least one influencing device is formed at least in regions in one with at least one discharge device and / or at least one discharge element.
  • the influencing device is preferably a metallic insert, which is connected to the counterelectrode and thus grounded, or at least at the same potential as the counterelectrode.
  • the influencing devices cause a frame located at a defined potential to be formed around the blow-by flow. Also, when the influencing device is set at the potential of the counter electrode, the counter electrode area is increased.
  • the shape of the influencing device in particular a cross-sectional shape in a plane perpendicular to the flow device of the blow-by, can be chosen in particular with a substantially C-shaped cross-sectional profile, which is preferably constructed of three, preferably mutually perpendicular, sub-segments, and / or preferably from a substantially vertical arrangement of Segments with an arc-like connection between the respective sub-segments.
  • the influencing element can be constructed in the form of at least one continuous arc.
  • the influencing device extends, in particular at least in regions, between at least two second electrodes along the upper wall, as well as continued downward along the two lateral walls.
  • the end faces of the influencing device ie the sides facing the emission electrodes, lead to the displacement of the electric field and it is therefore possible in particular to form the influencing devices selectively, in particular from a metal solid body, or from a sheet metal. It is also sufficient if a conductive surface is formed only on the front side. For example, therefore, a main body may not be conductive and only a coating or a conductive area may be present on the front side. It has also been found that the positive effect of the influencing device on the behavior of the blow-by by repeated repetition of influencing devices along the flow direction of the blow-by, in particular in alternation with groups of second electrodes also following emission electrodes along the flow direction of the blow -By can be transferred. As a result, as far as possible all electrode tips can be protected against contamination by particles depositing.
  • the invention proposes a method for operating a device according to the invention, by which the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art are overcome.
  • a cleaning step be carried out during the operation of the separation device.
  • This cleaning can be done in a variety of ways.
  • a group of emission electrodes in particular an entire row of emission electrodes, can be cleaned by electrically grounding this group of emission electrodes. This causes contaminants deposited on the emission electrode to be entrained by the gas flow or to be attracted to the counterelectrode due to a capacitor effect.
  • the first group of emission electrodes is supplied with a voltage, by which a flashover of this emission electrode and the counter electrode is generated. This leads to a burning out of the emission electrode, that is to say a burning off of the impurities arranged on the emission electrode.
  • the individual emission electrodes are subjected to this cleaning step in an alternating manner, in particular the emission electrodes are supplied one after the other in each case to ground or with the free-burning voltage.
  • the emission electrodes are set in vibration, in particular ultrasonic vibration. This can be done by an ultrasonic vibration is generated by a piezoelectric element or the electrodes are mechanically connected to a vibrating element, in particular a component of an internal combustion engine and thus achieved by the vibration excitation cleaning by dissolving the impurity at the emission electrode.
  • a cleaning by a cleaning element such as a brush, which is guided sequentially over the electrode tips, take place.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a separation device according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the separation device of FIG. 1 according to FIG.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a device according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention
  • Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an inventive
  • Influencing device in the form of a metallic solid body.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic plan view of the alternately arranged in pairs
  • FIG. 15a shows a simulated shape of the electric field in the vicinity of
  • FIG. 15b shows a simulated shape of the electric field in the vicinity of
  • Figures 16a to 16c is a schematic representations of the cross-sectional profile in various
  • Embodiments of the influencing devices Embodiments of the influencing devices.
  • FIG. 3 a shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a counter-electrode element 31 in a schematic cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 3 b shows a plan view of the counterelectrode element 31 from the direction B in FIG. 3 a.
  • the counter-electrode element 31 has a plurality of plateau regions 33.
  • the plateau regions 33 are arranged coaxially with an emission electrode 11 which extends along an axis X.
  • the plateau regions 33 are connected to a base level 37 by means of spacers 35. As previously described and discussed below, other configurations may also be used to achieve spacing be realized.
  • An electrical connection between the Plateau Scheme 33 and the spacer 35 is made via a connecting element 39.
  • the spacer element 35 does not run coaxially with the axis X but parallel to it. In embodiments not shown, it is provided that the spacer element runs coaxially with the axis X, so that the counterelectrode elements are "mushroom-shaped.” As can also be seen from FIG. 3 a, the plateau region 33 has a curvature.
  • the curvature is formed in particular in an edge region of the plateau region, while the central region of the plateau region is planar. In this way it is ensured that a stable and broad plasma gel forms as possible, but at the same time it is ensured that, in particular liquid impurities do not accumulate on the plateau area but flow away from it. Due to the viscosity of the impurities, it is achieved that liquid impurities present at the edge of the plateau region also "entrain" impurities present in the small area.
  • the plateau region 33 thus ensures that a predefined shape of a plasma gel 41 is formed. In addition, it is ensured that impurities deflected via the plasma cone 41 in the direction of the counterelectrode element 31 can flow away directly from the plateau region 33, in particular can not accumulate and agglomerate in the plateau region, and thus lead to contamination of the counterelectrodes.
  • the C-shaped cross-sectional shape of the counterelectrode element 31 which can be seen in FIG. 3 a allows two counterelectrode elements to be combined with one another, as shown in FIG. 4 a.
  • the counterelectrode elements 31 can be arranged mirror-symmetrically and slightly offset relative to one another become. This allows the plateau regions 33 of the respective counterelectrode elements 31 to be arranged offset relative to one another, so that they can each be positioned coaxially with corresponding emission electrodes 11. Due to the staggered arrangement of the counter electrode elements 31, the respective plasma cone 41 can be formed offset from one another, so that a nearly closed "plasma wall" is created for the gas flow.
  • the two counter electrode elements shown in Figure 4a are not completely identical but the spacers 35 have different heights. This ensures that the base levels can be arranged overlapping while ensuring that the plateau areas 33 are arranged at the same height. Thus, the plateau regions are evenly spaced from the emission electrodes and a uniform "plasma wall" / plasma cone can form.
  • FIGS. 4c and 4d Alternative embodiments of counterelectrode elements 31 ', 31 "are shown in FIGS. 4c and 4d.
  • schematic plan views are respectively shown on the counterelectrode elements 3, 31".
  • the counter electrode elements 31 ', 31 also have plateau areas 33', 33".
  • the plateau regions 33 'of the counter-electrode element 31' are arranged in a "chain-shaped” manner, while the plateau regions 33 "of the counter-electrode element 31" are arranged in a "matrix shape”.
  • the connecting means 43 ', 43 " are formed as conductive elements, which, however, have a smaller extent than the plateau areas 33', 33" in at least one spatial direction. It is thus achieved that the plasma spheres essentially form between the plateau regions 33 ', 33 "and the respective emission electrodes, because of this connection of the plateau regions 33', 33” they span an otherwise free region between the counter-electrode elements 31% 31 “and the base level on. In this way, it is ensured that the plateau regions 33 ', 33 "are arranged substantially in the same plane and at the same time a structurally simple production of the counter electrode elements 31', 31" is made possible ,
  • This design ensures that the removal of contaminants deposited in the plasma separator is simplified by the substantially barrier-free space underneath the counterelectrode element 3, 31 ", and that the contaminants can be transported away from the counterelectrode more easily the counter electrode elements is electrically conductively lined and grounded and thus serves as an additional Abscheideönkeit for the impurities that come past the plate area.
  • FIGS. 5a to 5d show various embodiments of emission electrodes 51, 53, 55 and 57. These emission electrodes have in common that they each have a drip element.
  • the emission electrode 51 has at least one kink 59.
  • the kink 59 represents a drip element.
  • the kink 59 divides the emission electrode 51 into different electrode regions.
  • a first electrode region 61 the emission electrode 51 extends from an infeed end 63 along the axis Y.
  • a second electrode region 65 follows, in which the emission electrode 51 has a direction component which runs counter to the Y-axis.
  • a third electrode region 69 follows, in which the emission electrode 51 extends again in the direction of the axis Y.
  • the electrode end 71 starting from which the plasma cone is formed, is arranged below the Abtropfelements 59. If it now happens that particles driven by an ion wind, in particular oil particles, accumulate on the emission electrode 51, in particular the electrode region 61, or flow from the carrier element into the electrode region 61, then the liquid drops collect in the region of the dropping element 59 long, until due to the gravitational force of the Release the emission electrode 51 and move towards the counterelectrode, in particular accelerated through the plasma. This prevents in particular that the impurities can accumulate in the region of the electrode end 71 and could lead to charring there.
  • FIG. 5 b shows a further embodiment of an emission electrode 53 with a drainage element 73.
  • the dripping element is formed by the lower portion of a winding 75.
  • the electrode end 77 is upstream of the gas flow, so that after dripping from the dripping element 73, the liquid drops are prevented from moving again in the direction of the electrode end 77 and can re-deposit there.
  • a dripping element 79 is formed by an annular bead in the upper region of the emission electrode 55.
  • the dripping elements 79 are in particular formed by a bead formed on the surface of the emission electrode 55.
  • a bead may be formed by a "bead-like sheath" comprising, for example, plastic, ceramic, metal or rubber, or additionally or alternatively, the bead may have a plurality of annular beads around the tip.
  • a dripping element 81 is formed by a plate element 81 of the emission electrode 57.
  • the plate member 81 is formed in the form of a screen element.
  • an inflow element 85 is formed in the region of an emission electrode 83.
  • the inflow element 85 has the effect that drops of liquid accumulating on the surface of the carrier element 87 do not reach the emission electrode 83, but are guided along the inflow element 85 to a drip-off element 89.
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of an emission electrode 91.
  • the emission electrode 91 has a taper 95 at the electrode end 93.
  • This taper 95 is formed in that the emission electrode 91 in the region of the electrode end 93 is partially hollow, in particular hollow-cylindrical.
  • the emission electrode 91 has an annular tip at the electrode end 93.
  • an annular taper 95 is formed at the electrode end 93. This also effectively prevents contamination of the electrode end 93. If, for example, it happens that an impurity, for example, drops down a drop along the emission electrode 91, it passes into this region of the taper 95 and in this region of the emission electrode 91 the plasma is detached. However, the plasma cone then travels along the taper 95 to another point in the circle, until the liquid droplet separates and is accelerated away via the plasma of the counterelectrode. Thus, depending on the migration of the impurity at the electrode end, the plasma cone travels along the taper, resulting in overheating of the contaminant and no burn-in at the electrode end or delamination of the plasma from the electrode 91.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment according to the invention of a separation device 101.
  • the elements of the separation devices 101 which correspond to those of the separation device 1, carry the same reference numerals, but increased by 100.
  • the counter-electrode elements shown in FIGS. 3a to 4b are used in the separation device 101 as the counter-electrode 109.
  • the gas flow 107 is separated from the region in which the counter emission electrodes 111 are located by means of a separator permeable to the plasma or electron in the form of a release film 123.
  • the release film 123 is in particular a Teflon film. This has the property of being is gas impermeable to the gas stream 107, but is permeable to the electrons supplied by the emission electrodes 111. In other words, it is brought about by the separating film 123 that the gas flow 107 can not enter the region of the emission electrodes 111 and can lead to undesired impurities there. At the same time, it is ensured that an efficient separation of impurities from the gas flow toward the counterelectrodes 109 can continue to be achieved by means of the low-energy plasma arranged by plasma cone 125.
  • FIG. 9 shows a first embodiment of such a diverting element.
  • the support member 131 is made of a ceramic material, in which, however, a discharge element 133 is embedded in the form of a conductive grid.
  • the grid 133 causes charge carriers accumulating on the surface of the carrier element 131 to be dissipated, that is to say an electrostatic charge on the surface of the carrier element 131 is prevented in such a way that impurities can not accumulate in the region of the emission electrodes 135.
  • a diverting element is formed in that a respective depression 137 is formed between the electrodes 135. This shaping helps dissipate the power carriers due to the electrical conductivity of the material and increases the resistance to contamination of the carrier element.
  • FIG. 10 shows a further embodiment of a diverting element.
  • the support element 13 ⁇ has a discharge element 133 'in the form of a coating applied to the carrier element 13.
  • the coating 133 ' is placed at the same electrical potential as the emission electrodes 135', thus avoiding electrostatic charging.
  • a corresponding diverting element 133 "can, as shown in FIG. 11, also be realized in the form of a grating spaced apart from the carrier element 131", through which the emission electrodes 135 "pass” In order to avoid electrostatic charging of the surface of the carrier element 131 " to the grid 133 "also the same electrical potential as applied to the emission electrodes 135".
  • the distance between the emission electrodes 135 "and the lattice or the projection of the emission electrode 135" through the lattice is selected so that the plasma is not ignited between the lattice and the emission electrode 135 "but between emission electrode 135" and counterelectrode.
  • the diverting elements 133, 133 ', 133 "extend not only in the region of the carrier element 131, 13, 131" but also in the region of the first wall 139, the second wall 143 and / or the third wall 147 are arranged.
  • a "Faraday cage” is formed which causes additional electric fields within the separator to be avoided, which could interfere with ion wind and "attract" contaminants to the walls.
  • all the walls are at the same potential, in particular mass potential, so that an attractive force between the walls and the corresponding impurities is avoided.
  • surface charges can be dissipated immediately.
  • the inlet and outlet of the separation device may comprise a conductive material or at least a conductive coating.
  • the housing as a whole can also have a conductive material or a conductive coating.
  • a conductive coating is preferred.
  • a thermally poorly conductive material can be provided with a corresponding electrically conductive coating.
  • the particles entrained with the blow-by can reach the emission electrode along the upper wall of the deposition device and thereby accumulate at the tips of the emission electrodes in the upper region of the separation device , The contamination of the emission electrodes can impair the functioning of the separation device.
  • influencing devices introduced between groups of emission electrodes in the upper region of the deposition device influence the electric field formed by the emission or second electrodes and first electrodes or counterelectrodes in such a way that the ion winds are conducted through the modified electric field become that they no longer be detrimental.
  • the disadvantageous turbulence of the blow-by should no longer occur, at least be reduced.
  • no blow-by flows along the ceiling to the emission electrodes, whereby the tips of the emission electrodes remain clean longer in the upper part of the separator.
  • FIG. 13 shows a first embodiment of such an influencing device 160 in a separating device in the form of a metal solid body with a substantially C-shaped profile.
  • the influencing devices 160 are each integrated in alternation with a group 165 of double-row arranged emission electrodes 162 in the separation device 101, wherein the along the upper wall of the separation device 101 extending portion 168 of the influencing device 160 integrally via a, in particular concave, connecting portion 161 with the is connected along the lateral walls of the separating device extending portion 169 of the influencing device 160.
  • the influencing device 160 is conductively connected to the counterelectrodes 163 'opposite the region 168 of the influencing device 160.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic plan view of the upper area of the separation device 101, which comprises groups 165 comprising two rows of two emission electrodes 162 and influencing devices 160. It can once again be seen how the emission electrodes 162, which in the embodiment of the separation device 101 shown in FIG. 14 are configured as two rows each, each extend in the upper region of the separation device 101 alternately with an influencing device 160 according to the invention.
  • an influencing device 160 in the form of a substantially C-shaped insert is continuously repeated between two electrode rows 162 in order to be able to protect all possible electrode tips by the positive effect of this solution.
  • a distance d between a group 165 of emission electrodes 162 and the influencing device 160 is selected to be so large that no sparking from the emission electrodes 162 to the influencing device 160 can take place.
  • FIG. 15 a schematically illustrates the field lines of the electric field 164 'formed by the emission electrode 162 and the counterelectrode (not shown) located in the lower region of the image when no influencing device according to the invention with earthed end faces is provided inside the separation device 101.
  • 15b schematically shows the field lines of the electric field 164 "for the same emission electrode 162.
  • the electric field 164" is formed between the emission electrode 162 and the counter electrode, which is not shown, in the lower region.
  • an influencing device with grounded end faces is now shown. In the course of various experiments, it has been empirically shown that the field distribution of the electric field 164 "of FIG.
  • an influencing device 160 is provided alternately with a group comprising two rows of emission electrodes 162 in the separation device 101, whereby as many emission electrode tips as possible are protected by the influencing device from deposits of particles of the blow-by. Because by repeating the influencing device, the positive effect is transferred to all emission electrodes or groups of emission electrodes.
  • the two emission electrode rows shown here by way of example to attach only one single emission electrode row in alternation with an influencing device, or to attach three emission electrode rows alternately with an influencing device, or a plurality of emission electrode rows alternately with one influencing device To install influencing device.
  • the person skilled in the art can also provide other arrangements of the emission electrodes 162 within a group of emission electrodes 165 instead of rows of electrodes.
  • FIG. 16a shows another possible cross-sectional shape of the influencing device 160 according to the invention, which has an arcuate shape.
  • FIG. 16b shows the essentially C-shaped configuration with the connecting segments 161, which is known from FIGS. 13 and 14.
  • FIG. 12 shows a modification of a device according to the invention, which makes it possible to carry out a method according to the invention.
  • a carrier element 153 is present, wherein the emission electrodes 155 are fastened to the carrier element 153 by means of actuators 157.
  • the actuators 157 have piezoelectric elements that allow the emission electrodes 155 to be vibrated (ultrasonic). This causes the emission electrodes to be cleaned by removing impurities attached to the emission electrodes 155 by means of ultrasound.
  • the emission electrodes 155 may be formed from or at least comprise a SMA material, ie a shape memory material.
  • the shape memory material causes deformation of the emission electrode as the temperature increases. As a result of this deformation, any impurities or adhesions located on the emission electrode are deformed in such a way that they "chip off" from the surface.
  • Plasma cone 131 ', 131 "support element, 133', 133” discharge element, 135 ', 135 "emission electrode

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (1, 101, 151) servant à éliminer d'un flux de gaz (7, 107) des impuretés liquides et/ou sous forme de particules. Un trajet d'écoulement du flux de gaz (7, 107) s'étend entre au moins une première électrode (9, 31, 109) agissant en tant que contre-électrode et au moins une deuxième électrode (11, 111, 51, 53, 57, 135, 135', 135", 155), qui agit en tant qu'électrode d'émission et qui comporte une extrémité d'électrode (71, 77, 90) orientée en direction de la première électrique. Une tension continue dépassant la tension de claquage peut être appliquée entre la première électrode (9, 31, 109) et la deuxième électrode (11, 111, 51, 53, 57, 135, 135', 135", 155) afin de former un plasma stable à faible énergie (41, 125). La deuxième électrode s'étend sensiblement le long d'un premier axe (X) dans une première direction ; et la première électrode (31) comporte au moins une zone plateau (33) disposée en regard de la deuxième électrode (11) et s'étendant au moins par endroits dans un premier plan s'étendant sensiblement de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à la première direction (X). L'invention concerne également un procédé servant à faire fonctionner un dispositif de ce type.
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US9604228B2 (en) * 2011-11-09 2017-03-28 Memic Europe B.V. Apparatus with conductive strip for dust removal

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EP3271077B1 (fr) 2021-02-17
US20180078948A1 (en) 2018-03-22
US10933430B2 (en) 2021-03-02
WO2016147127A1 (fr) 2016-09-22
CN107427839A (zh) 2017-12-01
CN107427839B (zh) 2020-11-17

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