EP3258029B1 - Textile concrete reinforcement grid element and a method for producing the concrete reinforcement grid element - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a textile concrete reinforcement grid element and a method for producing concrete reinforcement grid elements.

Even today, the demand for concrete continues to increase. This material is characterized by very high compressive strength after setting. At the same time, however, the tensile strength is significantly reduced, usually due to the formation of pores. To compensate for this disadvantage, steel reinforcement elements are used in building and bridge construction to prevent cracking and increase the service life of the concrete parts. As is known, steel beams are introduced into the still liquid concrete and cast with it.

However, the combination of concrete and steel proves to be highly susceptible to corrosion. The steel is corroded by cracks in the concrete and the resulting entry of water and oxygen, so that over time the tensile strength decreases and material fatigue occurs.

In addition, the use of steel beams requires that they are always sufficiently surrounded by concrete so that the tensile stress can be absorbed by the steel. This in turn is disadvantageous because it results in high thicknesses and high weights of the resulting concrete layers. This is particularly disadvantageous in building construction when it comes to the load-bearing capacity in modern architecture. For example, in order to connect several steel-reinforced concrete elements with one another in a force-fitting manner, the steel reinforcement needs to be overlapped so that sufficient force can be dissipated. However, this requires particularly strong construction heights or wall thicknesses.

GB 1 366 643 A discloses a reinforcement grid element made of drawn wire nails, with a layer of meandering wires being formed.

US 2003/110733 A1 discloses a concrete support with a textile layer, with tensile and bending rods being provided which are held via a bracket. The bars and the bracket are made of metal. The textile layer is connected to the concrete support on one side.

WO 2013/179037 A1 a method and a device, according to the preamble of claims 4 and 1, for weaving a three-dimensional textile which can be used as reinforcement for construction purposes.

EP 0 879 910 A2 discloses a weaving machine for producing three-dimensional fabrics.

WO 2011/012454 A1 also discloses a hybrid steel-textile reinforcement layer for radial tires with a meandering steel cord.

Accordingly, the present invention is based on the object of providing a concrete reinforcement grid element which can be produced simply, cost-effectively and individually. Furthermore, the invention is based on a manufacturing method for a concrete reinforcement grid element, which is easy to implement and which reduces production costs.

These tasks are solved according to the features of patent claim 1 and patent claim 4.

The textile concrete reinforcement grid element according to the invention according to claim 1 is formed at least by a first fiber layer and a second fiber layer, the first fiber layer being formed from two weft fiber bundles, which are laid in a meandering course in a first direction A, and the second fiber layer from one A plurality of standing fiber bundles arranged at a distance from one another is formed and the standing fiber bundles are arranged in a direction B different from the first direction A. Furthermore, the two fiber layers are connected to one another at their crossing points, for example looped or connected with at least one pile thread.

“Fiber bundle” is advantageously understood to mean at least one fiber, more advantageously at least two fibers, even more advantageously a large number of fibers, which are arranged parallel to one another and advantageously adjacent to one another as a bundle. For example, it is conceivable that a fiber bundle has a number of fibers in the range from 1 to 350,000. The stronger the fiber bundle is, the better its force absorption is when laid, for example in a precast concrete part. In the present case, a “textile concrete reinforcement grid element” is to be understood in particular as a technical textile.

The first fiber layer has at least one weft fiber bundle arranged in a meandering manner. “Meandering” is advantageously a course of the weft fiber bundle Concrete reinforcement grid element to be understood, which has both straight sections and adjoining curved sections, with the curved sections in turn merging into straight sections, etc. The at least one weft fiber bundle is advantageously designed as a continuous fiber bundle.

The provision of at least one weft fiber bundle is not to be understood as limiting. It is also conceivable to provide several weft fiber bundles, for example two, three or four weft fiber bundles, advantageously arranged parallel to one another, in a meandering course. The more such weft fiber bundles are provided, the more stable the concrete reinforcement grid element is and the higher the force applied can be absorbed in the concreted state, for example in a prefabricated concrete part, in order to avoid the formation of cracks. In the simplest case, the several weft fiber bundles are formed parallel to one another and lying next to one another. The two weft fiber bundles are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart vertically or horizontally. Such a spacing is formed, for example, by additionally introduced binding fibers and/or spacer fibers in the form of pile threads. As a result, the textile concrete reinforcement grid element is then designed as a multiaxial, textile concrete reinforcement grid element. Furthermore, the two weft fiber bundles can assume an ever-increasing distance from one another, starting from an edge region.

To form the second fiber layer of the textile concrete reinforcement grid element, several standing fiber bundles are advantageous arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other. The standing fiber bundles are arranged at a predeterminable angle from one another to the at least one weft fiber bundle, so that a lattice structure with numerous passage openings, which can also be referred to as meshes, results. In the simplest exemplary embodiment, the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer are arranged orthogonally to one another. This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that it is also conceivable for the second fiber layer to be arranged at a predeterminable angle of unequal 90°. For example, it is conceivable that the second fiber layer is arranged offset at an angle of 45° and/or 60° to the first fiber layer. This makes the geometry of the passage openings variably adaptable. The geometry of the passage openings results from the arrangement of the first fiber layer to the second fiber layer.

In the simplest exemplary embodiment, the at least one weft fiber bundle of the first fiber layer is arranged perpendicular to the standing fiber bundles of the second fiber layer. The lattice structure is formed from the straightly arranged standing fiber bundles and the straight areas of the weft fiber bundles which are offset by 90°, so that rectangular and/or square passage openings result. This orthogonal arrangement of the two layers to one another is particularly advantageous because it ensures good stability and force-absorbing capacity.

In addition, the arrangement of the two layers to each other is determined by the type of binding used, such as fringe, fringe with offset standing thread, tricot, cloth, satin or velvet laying, either as individual laying and/or as Double laying and/or optionally with the same or opposite layers and/or optionally with a straight standing thread and/or with an offset standing thread or the like. However, it is also conceivable to arrange the two fiber layers to one another at a different, predeterminable angle, so that, for example, a triangular, diamond-shaped, round, trapezoidal or other polygonal geometry of the passage openings is formed. Furthermore, a staggered introduction of the large number of standing threads is also possible. This increases the overall surface structure of the concrete reinforcement grid element and significantly improves the bond in the concrete.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the passage openings are all of the same size. A distance between the fiber bundles of the first and second fiber layers in the range from 0.5 cm to 50 cm, more advantageously in the range from 1 cm to 8 cm, has proven to be particularly advantageous. This distance between the fiber bundles essentially corresponds to the inside edge length of the passage openings and/or their inside diameter. The advantageous size of the passage openings in the range of 1 cm to 8 cm can ensure that liquid material, such as concrete or asphalt, can flow easily and quickly through the passage openings of the concrete reinforcement grid element, depending on its largest grain size. This ensures that the liquid concrete can be processed quickly, while also achieving a good connection between the concrete and the concrete reinforcement grid element. This avoids an undesirable sieving effect and separation of the largest grains in the concrete or asphalt.

This is of course not to be understood as limiting, since the passage openings can also be designed differently in terms of their geometry and size within the concrete reinforcement grid element. An asymmetrical passage opening geometry and/or size is advantageous if an increased bending force stress has to be absorbed in predeterminable sections of the concrete reinforcement grid element. This is advantageously achieved through smaller passage openings. For example, it is conceivable that in the edge regions of the textile concrete reinforcement grid element the passage openings are smaller than the passage openings in the direction of the center of the fiber layer.

The concrete reinforcement grid element according to the invention is further made from fibers, advantageously from high-performance fibers with a high modulus of elasticity in the range from 160 to 320 GPa, more advantageously in the range from 220 to 260, even more advantageously from 240 GPa. The fibers can be formed as mineral fibers, such as glass fibers or wollastonite fibers. Furthermore, it is also conceivable to design the fibers as carbon fibers, polymer fibers, polyolefin fibers, such as polypropylene and/or polyethylene, aramid fibers, basalt fibers, (non-)oxidic ceramic fibers, such as those consisting of aluminum oxide or silicon carbide. Of course, this is not to be understood as limiting, so it is also conceivable to form the respective fiber bundles with several such high-performance fibers with a high modulus of elasticity, for example with a mixture of aramid fibers-carbon fibers or a mixture of alkali-resistant glass fibers with carbon fibers, with the carbon fiber content advantageously being in the Range from 5 percent by weight to 45 percent by weight based on the total mass of the fiber bundle is selected is. In the simplest case, the different fiber types of a respective fiber bundle are statistically distributed in the fiber bundle. However, it has also been shown that a controlled arrangement of a core-shell structure is advantageous for increased stability and improved tensile strength. In this case, the carbon fibers are designed as a core, which is enclosed as a jacket by the second type of fiber, for example alkali-resistant glass fibers. Therefore, the textile concrete reinforcement grid element described here is also to be understood as a high-performance concrete reinforcement grid element.

The further crucial point of the invention is that the at least one weft fiber bundle of the first fiber layer is designed as laterally projecting fiber sheets, at least in lateral areas compared to the second fiber layer. Each fiber sheet has at least two fastening areas at which the fiber sheet of the first fiber layer is firmly connected to external standing fiber bundles of the second fiber layer. The fiber sheets of the first fiber layer are glued, welded, fused to the external standing fiber bundles or firmly connected to one another via a coating or additional binding threads. The attachment is advantageously carried out by at least one at least partially formed coating or bonding at the outer crossing points of standing fiber bundles and weft fiber bundles in the area of the fiber sheets. According to the invention, the fiber sheets are therefore designed as loops. Furthermore, the concrete reinforcement grid element is also completely coated.

Alternatively, it is also conceivable to implement the fastening areas instead of gluing using additional binding threads, which enable a firm connection of loops and external standing fiber bundles. Furthermore, other types of fastening are also conceivable, such as fusing or welding.

The areas of the first fiber layer that protrude beyond the second standing fiber layer are formed continuously by the endless weft fiber bundle. This is advantageous because the meandering shape of the first fiber layer allows the formation of laterally protruding fiber arches that are closed towards the outside. It has now proven to be particularly advantageous to design these fiber sheets of the first fiber layer, which are closed to the outside, to be variable in size and/or outline.

Particularly advantageously, the fiber sheets are designed to be variable in their curvature and always form common contact surfaces with the standing fiber bundle, to which they are firmly connected in fastening areas, only in these fastening areas. Due to the curved course of the fiber sheets themselves, a loop opening is always formed, through which the maximum curvature of each fiber sheet is spaced from the opposite standing fiber bundle. The provision of the fiber arches, which advantageously protrude laterally over the second fiber layer, also serves to improve force absorption in the concreted state of the concrete reinforcement grid element in a prefabricated concrete part as well as improved bending tensile properties and higher thread pull-out values.

This can further ensure that when laying the concrete reinforcement grid element according to the invention, for example in a prefabricated concrete part such as a concrete ceiling or a concrete wall, the loop areas of the first fiber layer that are closed to the outside are used to fix the concrete reinforcement grid element can be used within the precast concrete part to hold and fix the concrete reinforcement grid element in the appropriate position before pouring with concrete. This is necessary because the concrete reinforcement grid element, which can also be referred to as a textile high-performance concrete reinforcement grid element, has a very low weight and floats easily in liquid concrete. The concrete reinforcement grid element described here is designed as an endless product.

The loops are formed by the meandering weft fiber bundle, which is advantageously designed as an endless fiber bundle. It has also proven to be advantageous to design the loops to be variable in their diameter and/or outline. As a result, the concrete reinforcement grid element described here can be manufactured individually for each application, so that, for example, depending on the number of loops, the loop diameter or even the loop thickness, the dissipation of the tensile force in the finished concrete part can be adjusted. Loop inner diameters in the range from 0.5 cm to 12 cm, more advantageously from 2 cm to 6 cm, have proven to be particularly advantageous. This loop inner diameter is associated with particularly good adhesive bond properties such as bending tensile properties when laid and set in concrete.

The result is a concrete reinforcement grid element with a grid structure, which has additional lateral, continuous has trained loops. In the simplest case, the lateral arrangement of the loops means that the loops are arranged in the same plane as the first fiber layer. The loops thus form a flat surface with the first fiber layer. However, it is also conceivable that the loops are formed at a predeterminable angle laterally offset from the first fiber layer. For example, the loops can be arranged at a bent angle of +/-90° with respect to the plane spanned by the first fiber layer. Angles of +/-45° have proven to be particularly advantageous, as this also allows the tensile load absorption in a concreted state to be significantly increased in a precast concrete part. It is conceivable that a first loop is folded upwards by 45° with respect to the plane of the first fiber layer, whereas the two loops arranged adjacent to it are aligned downwards by 45° with respect to the plane of the first fiber layer. The concrete reinforcement grid element thus has alternately aligned loops. Due to the individual coordination, it is also possible to arrange all the loops within one plane or to individually design each loop with a predeterminable bent angle in relation to the first fiber layer.

2. According to the invention, the fiber sheets are U-shaped and/or teardrop-shaped. This is advantageous because this special geometric design of the fiber sheets can significantly improve the adhesive bond properties with the concrete as well as the thread pull-out values and bending properties when the concrete reinforcement grid element is arranged in concrete. The U-shaped design of the fiber sheets represents the simplest exemplary embodiment Each loop has two legs with which it is fixed to the adjacent standing fiber bundle in the fastening areas. Both legs are spaced apart from one another via a curved base. The base and standing fiber bundles are advantageously arranged opposite one another and are also spaced apart from one another by a loop opening. It is particularly advantageous for the two legs to be designed symmetrically to one another. To improve tensile load absorption, the length ratio of leg to base is 1.5:1; 2:1; 2.5:1; 3:1; 3.5:1; 4:1; 4.5:1; 5:1; 5.5:1; or 6:1 selected. The leg-base ratio therefore also determines the size of the opening, more advantageously its inner diameter. However, this should not be understood as limiting, since leg-to-base ratios of 1:1.5; 1:2; 1:2.5; 1:3; 1:3.5; 1:4; 1:4.5; 1:5; 1:5.5 or 1:6 are conceivable. All of these conditions have in common that they form a sufficiently large opening between the legs, base and standing fiber bundle in order to significantly improve the bending tensile properties of the prefabricated concrete part reinforced with the concrete reinforcement grid element. Sizes for the inner diameter in the range from 0.5 to 12 cm have proven to be particularly advantageous. A teardrop-shaped geometry of the loops is also advantageous for improved tensile load absorption and crack prevention when set in concrete, for example in a prefabricated concrete part. In this case, the fastening areas of the respective fiber sheet are arranged closer to one another than is the case with the U-shaped design of the loops. The design of the loops as double loops, for example in the form of a standing "8", has also proven to be advantageous for preventing cracks and absorbing force due to the additional fiber bundle crossing.

In a further advantageous embodiment, at least one defect is formed between two fiber sheets of the first fiber layer arranged adjacent to one another. This alternating arrangement of the fiber sheets is caused by the meandering laying of the at least one weft fiber bundle.

Z According to the invention, the textile concrete reinforcement grid element has at least one further, third fiber layer, which is arranged in a meandering course opposite to the first fiber layer. The third fiber layer is formed as laterally projecting fiber sheets at least in lateral areas relative to the second fiber layer, each fiber sheet having at least two fastening areas at which the fiber sheets of the first fiber layer are firmly connected to external standing fiber bundles of the second fiber layer. In the simplest case, the third fiber layer is formed by at least one further weft fiber bundle, which is advantageously designed as a continuous fiber bundle. This further weft fiber bundle is laid opposite to the first weft fiber bundle so that it fills the missing areas with further fiber sheets, or more precisely, loops. This is advantageous because it allows the gaps between two loops described above to be filled, ensuring continuous loop formation. This additionally increases the stability of the concrete reinforcement grid element, so that even greater tensile force stresses can be dissipated in the finished concrete part, thereby preventing cracks from forming in the concrete part itself. In the simplest case, the formation of the loops of the first and third fiber layers can be the same, so that the loops formed by the first fiber layer Loops and the loops formed by the third fiber layer have the same diameter and the same outline.

However, this is not to be understood as limiting, so that it is also conceivable to make the loops of the first fiber layer smaller than the loops of the third fiber layer or vice versa. In this way, a targeted transfer of tensile force from the later concrete part can be achieved.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that all three fiber layers are made from the same type of fibers. However, it is also conceivable that each of the three fiber layers is made from a different type of fiber. For example, the first fiber layer can be made of alkali-resistant glass fibers, the second fiber layer can be made of polyolefin fibers and the third fiber layer can be made of carbon fibers. Depending on the choice of fiber, the uncoated concrete reinforcement grid element can be embedded in liquid concrete immediately after production and reinforced accordingly in the hardened state. If the fibers used in the concrete reinforcement grid element are selected from plastic fibers, for example polyester fibers or polyolefin fibers, the concrete reinforcement grid element made from this can be laid directly uncoated.

According to the invention, glass fibers are used (with), so for additional stabilization of the concrete reinforcement grid element described here, it is advisable to make it coated. According to the invention, coatings, for example made of plastic and/or silane-containing coatings, are used. These coatings, also called finishes, prove This is necessary if the concrete reinforcement grid element is, for example, only made of fiberglass bundles. The glass fibers themselves have a low corrosion resistance in liquid or hardened concrete, so that additional treatment is required to ensure the desired reinforcement properties over the long term.

The coating with at least one plastic and/or a silane-containing size results in a core-shell structure for the individual fiber bundles. The coating significantly reduces the susceptibility to corrosion of the concrete reinforcement grid element while maintaining its flexibility and flexibility. The plastic coating and/or the application of the coating takes place as a finishing step after the concrete reinforcement grid element has been laid and/or woven and/or knitted in its desired size, grid width and number of loops. For improved force dissipation in the finished concrete part, it has also proven to be advantageous to form the loops with multiple coatings and/or a thicker coating layer and/or coating than the rest of the concrete reinforcement grid element. In this way, a targeted improvement in properties for force dissipation and for improving the adhesive bond between loops and liquid concrete or hardened concrete can be achieved.

According to the invention, the fiber bundles of the concrete reinforcement grid element are to be at least partially wrapped with at least one fiber and/or at least one fiber bundle, which react to an external impact. In the raw state, this wrapping is done loosely, so that the individual fibers the fiber bundle or the fiber bundles themselves are held, but are not firmly fixed to one another.

According to the invention, the at least one wrapping fiber and/or the wrapping fiber bundle reacts to temperature changes. According to the invention, the fiber(s) used are designed such that they melt when exposed to temperature and/or contract when exposed to temperature. In addition to melting, it is also conceivable that when exposed to temperature, the polymer chains of which the fiber(s) used are composed contract and change from an elongated conformation into a ball. This also affects their longitudinal extent. This will be shortened. Depending on the selection of the polymer chains, this conformational change can be reversible or irreversible. The wrapping fiber(s) used are advantageously made of polypropylene and/or polyethylene.

Another embodiment provides that the wrapping fiber(s) and/or wrapping fiber bundles used can also be designed as monofilaments and undergo a chemical transformation due to the temperature, thereby changing the chemical material structure in such a way that shortening is particularly advantageous Longitudinal extension results. This can be done, for example, by additional polymerization.

Advantageously, the wrapping fiber(s) and/or wrapping fiber bundles used are designed to be shrinkable by exposure to temperature. This enables the concrete reinforcement grid element to be manufactured significantly more cost-effectively than with known knitted fabrics from the prior art. The inserted wrapping fiber(s) and/or wrapping fiber bundles thereby contract in a controlled manner and guide the still loosely arranged fibers of the fiber bundles and/or the entire fiber bundles themselves towards one another and ultimately fix them. Additional stabilization of the fiber bundles can thus be achieved. In addition, the surface area is enlarged so that the adhesion properties with the material to be reinforced can be significantly improved. For example, it is conceivable to form the wrapping fiber(s) and/or wrapping fiber bundles used from thermosensitive polymer, for example polyethylene and/or polypropylene. This is not to be understood as limiting, but merely as an advantageous exemplary embodiment. In addition to the thermosensitive wrapping fiber(s) and/or wrapping fiber bundles, the invention also includes wrapping fiber(s) and/or wrapping fiber bundles which are pH-sensitive and/or pressure-sensitive and/or UV-sensitive and/or sound-sensitive and/or gas-sensitive are. If the wrapping fiber(s) and/or wrapping fiber bundles used are acted upon accordingly, their longitudinal extent is shortened.

A knitting machine, which is not part of the claimed subject matter, for producing a textile concrete reinforcement grid element, as described above, can have at least one transport system with at least one weft fiber guide chain for transporting the first and/or third fiber layer to a knitting head and/or for transporting the textile concrete reinforcement grid element away from the knitting head, the weft fiber guide chain having a plurality of vertical ones upwardly extending bolt for guiding and/or fixing the at least one weft fiber bundle of the first and/or third fiber layer transverse to a transport direction. Furthermore, the knitting machine has at least one weft carriage for presenting the at least one weft fiber bundle of the first fiber layer in a meandering course. This weft carriage places the at least one weft fiber bundle around the bolts of the weft fiber guide chain in order to form the first fiber template. In this exemplary embodiment, the bolts are therefore designed as a frame, more advantageously as a clamping frame or clamping frame, for the fiber bundles. Furthermore, the knitting machine has a knitting head for carrying out a knitting process, the knitting head having a plurality of knitting elements in order to knit and/or lay and/or weave the textile concrete reinforcement grid element from the individual fiber layers. Finally, the knitting machine has at least one fabric removal system for removing the finished knitted and/or laid and/or woven textile concrete reinforcement grid element from the weft fiber guide chain.

Of course, the design of the weft fiber guide chain described above is not limited to a chain element, so that it is also conceivable, for example, to design a plastic belt or a plastic joint bench with the corresponding bolts and to provide it in the transport system.

A key component of the knitting machine is at least one transport system. In addition to the weft fiber guide chain, the transport system has at least one drive unit, for example a servo motor, by means of which the weft fiber guide chain is moved in the transport direction. The transport direction is the direction in which the weft fiber guide chain moves in front of the knitting head runs towards this and is guided away from the active head.

The weft fiber guide chain has a large number of bolts, which can also be understood as lateral boundaries of the weft fiber guide chain. In the simplest case, the bolts are arranged in rows one behind the other in the transport direction.

If the at least one weft fiber bundle of the first fiber layer is presented in a meandering shape around the bolts of the weft fiber guide chain, this results in fiber arches that are closed to the outside. The diameter and/or the outline of the resulting fiber arches therefore depends on the shape of the respective bolt. The at least one weft fiber bundle is presented with a weft carriage, advantageously with simultaneous movement of the weft fiber guide chain in the transport direction towards the knitting head. This is not to be understood as limiting, so it is also conceivable to provide a group of bolts to form each loop instead of a single bolt per loop. For this purpose, the bolt group can be arranged in a semicircle, for example, and thereby already specify the shape of the loop. It is particularly advantageous that the position of each bolt can be changed individually, so that the curvature of the loop can be individually adjusted.

The knitting head itself is arranged and intended to carry out the knitting process. For this purpose, the knitting head has a variety of knitting elements, such as base bar, needle bar, fiber bundle supply, laying bar, comb bar and feeder bar. During the knitting process, the knitting head In addition to the first meandering, presented fiber layer, the standing fiber bundles to form the second fiber layer in the transport direction are advantageously introduced parallel to one another and spaced apart from one another. To form the fiber sheets of the first fiber layer laterally, the standing fiber bundles are inserted up to a maximum of the inside of the bolts in the transport direction. This is how the loops can be formed.

For additional stabilization of the first and second fiber layers together, binding fibers can also be introduced into the knitting head during the knitting process, which arrange the first and second fiber layers together at crossing points. The fixation is advantageously carried out by tightly intertwining the two fiber layers with the binding fibers. The binding fibers are designed as individual fibers and/or as fiber bundles. These can be the crossing points in the surface but also the crossing points of loops and standing fiber bundles. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the binding fibers are designed to be temperature or pH sensitive, for example as alginate fibers and/or alginate fiber bundles. This has the advantage that when the binding fibers are introduced into the knitting head, they hold the individual fiber layers together. If desired, this bond can be broken down in a controlled manner at any time with appropriate temperature exposure or pH value changes.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the knitting machine further has a second weft carriage for laying a further weft fiber bundle in a meandering manner, the two weft carriages being arranged in opposite directions to one another. This is an advantage because it creates the first and third fiber layers are presented in a meandering shape around the bolts of the weft fiber guide chain, so that continuous fiber arches result and the defects between two fiber arches of the first fiber layer are eliminated and are filled by a fiber arch of the third fiber layer.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the knitting machine, the two weft carriages are arranged on two weft carriage guides which are designed separately from one another, with both weft carriages being able to be moved independently or dependently of one another. By placing them in opposite directions, a loop is always formed alternately on the right and left so that the force curve is recorded in a straight line. Possible forces acting, for example after laying around precast concrete parts, are thus introduced over the entire width or over the entire length into the weft fiber bundles and / or standing fiber bundles from one loop to the opposite one.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the knitting machine, it also has an online coating device for finishing the concrete reinforcement grid element before and/or after the goods take-off system. Providing the coating device online is advantageous because the concrete reinforcement grid element can be fed from the knitting head to the coating device directly after knitting and/or laying and/or weaving. This can save work steps, costs and time and ensure direct further processing. In this advantageous case, the transport system with the intermediate product of the concrete reinforcement grid element arranged thereon is fed to the online coating device. However, this is not to be understood as limiting, so it is also conceivable is to provide the coating device offline and therefore not as part of the knitting machine.

The coating device is advantageously designed as a 2- or multi-roll pad with an impregnation bath, which in addition to an immersion bath that contains the coating material. The transport system with a concrete reinforcement grid element arranged on it and fixed by the bolts is guided through the immersion bath so that the individual fiber bundles are at least partially saturated with the coating material. Depending on the transport speed, the impregnation wheel can be adjusted accordingly. The coating and simultaneous impregnation of the concrete reinforcement grid element serves to stabilize it. Furthermore, the coating device, connected downstream of the immersion bath, can have two or more squeezing rollers for the controlled squeezing of the coating material from the concrete reinforcement grid element coated and impregnated with it. Furthermore, a sanding system for applying sand to the at least partially liquid coating material can also be part of the coating device, so that after and/or during the hardening of the coating material, an enlargement of the surface area is formed and the adhesive bond to the concrete can be significantly increased. It has proven to be particularly advantageous to design the impregnation bath with at least one vibration element, for example a corresponding motor. During the impregnation or the passage of the concrete reinforcement grid element through the immersion bath, the liquid arranged therein is subjected to vibrations in order to optimize the impregnation. Due to the vibration, more coating material penetrates into the individual fiber bundles. Their stability is consequently increased.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that the coating device, instead of the impregnation bath, has a steaming unit or spraying unit or doctor unit for applying the at least one plastic coating and/or silane-containing coating to the concrete reinforcement grid element to be coated or refined.

However, depending on the design of the concrete reinforcement grid element, it is also conceivable that it is removed from the weft fiber guide chain via a single and/or double goods removal system before being fed into the coating device. This is an advantage because the fabric take-off system ensures safe guidance of the fabric webs in order to obtain better quality and reproducible quality and consistent tension in the textile. The further transport into the coating device can be carried out, for example, with a further weft fiber guide chain, which is designed in the same way as the first weft fiber guide chain. However, other transport chain elements are also conceivable.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the knitting machine further has a finishing unit which has a drying system and/or cutting system and/or a fabric winding system. The assembly unit is also advantageously arranged online and is provided, for example, behind the coating unit or before or after the goods take-off system. If the knitting machine has an online coating unit, a downstream drying system is advantageous in order to dry and harden the coating and/or the size. The drying system For this purpose, it can advantageously have a heating element for applying temperature to the concrete reinforcement grid element and/or a microwave source and/or a UV source. Particularly in the case of plastic coatings, radiation sources such as microwaves or UV prove to be advantageous initiators of the necessary crosslinking and curing.

If no online coating unit is required, a drying system can advantageously be dispensed with. In this case, after the goods withdrawal system there is only a cutting system and/or a goods winding system. The guidance system is advantageous for assembling the concrete reinforcement grid element in predeterminable sizes. If this is not desired, the concrete reinforcement grid element can be rolled up over a large area on a product winding system in roll form in order to ultimately be cut accordingly if necessary.

The transport system, as an essential component of the knitting machine, has, in addition to the at least one weft fiber guide chain for transporting meandering fiber templates and/or the textile concrete reinforcement grid element, at least one drive unit for controlling the forward speed of the at least one weft fiber guide chain in the transport direction. The weft fiber guide chain has a plurality of vertically upwardly extending bolts for guiding and/or fixing the at least one weft fiber bundle of the first and/or third fiber layer transversely to a transport direction.

Furthermore, it is advantageous for the transport system to have an optical recognition device, for example an optical one Has detection sensor. This can advantageously be used to control and monitor the weft insertion to form the fiber sheets.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the bolts are arranged on and/or near the outer edges of the weft thread guide chain. In a further advantageous embodiment, the bolts are designed to be variable in diameter and/or outline. By changing the diameter and/or outline of the respective bolt, the size and/or outline of the fiber arches guided around the respective bolt also automatically changes. This means that the respective areas of application of the concrete reinforcement grid element can be taken into account individually and the fiber arches can always be individually formed by changing the bolts. The bolts are advantageously made of metal and/or plastic. Metal has the advantage that the bolts are very durable and show only minimal signs of wear. The design of the bolts made of plastic, advantageously made of at least one elastomer, is particularly suitable if the size of the bolts can be changed by supplying and/or removing air, i.e. pneumatically. Due to the elastic and flexible design of the bolts, their size and/or outline can be changed by supplying and/or removing air. However, it must always be ensured that the bolts have a certain inherent rigidity so that the weft fiber bundle does not change the size and/or outline of the bolts during the meandering laying. Such a change is only possible through air supply and/or air removal.

The bolts advantageously have an outer diameter in the range of 0.5 to 12 cm in their starting position, i.e. the unchanged size and/or the unchanged outline. The outer diameter of the bolts is particularly advantageously designed to be enlarged by at least two to ten times. In the simplest case, the outline of the bolts is round. This enables, for example, the U-shaped and/or teardrop-shaped design of the loops described above. This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that the bolts can also have an outline other than round, for example angular, ellipsoidal or polygonal. It should be taken into account here that with a design different from round, the edges of the bolts are always advantageously rounded in order to protect the fiber bundles from damage or kinks. In addition, the advantageous shape of the bolts keeps the contact area between the bolts and fiber sheets as small as possible. The bolts are particularly advantageously made of polytetrafluoroethylene or are at least partially coated with it. Due to the associated reduction in the adhesion of the coating material, it can easily drip off after the weft fiber guide chain has been led out of the immersion bath again.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the change in diameter and/or outline of each bolt is designed to be pneumatically, mechanically, electronically or hydraulically adjustable. It is conceivable that each bolt with, for example, an originally round cross-section is expanded, for example by dividing it in half and moving the two half-round partial bolts away from each other. In the simplest case, this movement can be mechanical, for example can be made possible by spring elements or gears, which can move the two semicircular partial bolts away from each other as well as towards each other. In addition, it is conceivable to control these mechanical elements electronically. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to implement the change in outline and/or size of the bolts pneumatically or hydraulically. For this purpose, suitable pistons are then advantageously provided within the bolts.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the bolts are designed as clamping units. This is advantageous because this means that the concrete reinforcement grid element is additionally held in a stable tension by the bolts during transport to and/or away from the knitting head. In addition, the bolts designed as clamping units also prove to be advantageous during the knitting process on the knitting head, since this means that the meandering, at least one weft fiber bundle, i.e. the first and/or third fiber template, is held in its position when the standing fiber bundles and/or the binding fibers introduced during the knitting process and connected to the respective, at least one, weft fiber bundle. The clamping effect advantageously results from the fact that after the meandering laying of the at least one weft fiber bundle around the bolts, the bolts are expanded in size and/or in their outline and thus a tensioning effect and/or clamping effect is formed. In addition to expanding the size, it is also conceivable to design the position of the bolts to be individually changeable. The individual bolts on the weft fiber guide chain can be moved as desired using servo motors. This enables a particularly high level of individually manufactured concrete reinforcement grid elements.

In addition, it is also conceivable to connect a further, smaller-sized knitting head in front of the actual knitting head described above. This smaller-sized knitting head is used to wrap the standing and/or weft fiber bundles. This increases their stability and surface roughness. The wrapped fiber bundles are then fed to the actual knitting head. The carbon fiber bundles of the concrete reinforcement grid element are advantageously wound around. The smaller sized knitting head is advantageously supplied with sufficient wrapping yarn via a thread storage. For improved effectiveness, the smaller-sized knitting head can, in addition to known components that are not explained further here, also have at least one needle bar that can be controlled laterally in offset. For this purpose, the smaller-sized active head has at least one electronic control, for example a linear control. This controls the needle bar laterally up and down in a vertical direction. In combination, i.e. coupling, with the above-described optical detection device for laying fiber sheets, the wrapping process described here is designed to be decoupled from the actual feed of the transport system. This is advantageous because it allows individual wraps to be formed.

1. a. Vorlegen wenigstens eines ersten Schussfaserbündels in mäanderförmigem Verlauf durch einen ersten Schusswagen um vertikal sich an oben erstreckende Bolzen einer Schussfaserführungskette zur Ausbildung einer ersten Faserlage und zeitgleich vorlegen eines weiteren, mäanderförmig verlaufenden Schussbündels (2) als dritte Faserlage gegenlegig zur ersten Faserlage;
2. b. Fixieren des mäanderförmigen Verlaufs des Schussfaserbündels durch die sich vertikal nach oben erstreckenden, in ihrer Größe und/oder Durchmesser verändernden Bolzen;
3. c. Transport der ersten Faserlage zum Wirkkopf hin;
4. d. Durchführen eines Wirkprozesses mit Einbringen von Stehfaserbündeln als zweite Faserlage in Transportrichtung am Wirkkopf, wobei die eingebrachten Stehfaserbündel der zweiten Faserlage in einem vorbestimmbaren Winkel versetzt zur ersten Faserlage derart eingebracht werden, dass die erste Faserlage als Faserbögen teilweise seitlich über die zweite Faserlage übersteht
5. e. Einbringen von Bindefasern durch wenigstens einen Grundbarren, welche die beiden Faserlagen zur Ausbildung eines textilen Betonbewehrungsgitterelements sowohl an Kreuzungspunkten sowie an Befestigungsbereichen miteinander verbinden;
6. f. Transport des Betonbewehrungsgitterelements vom Wirkkopf weg;
7. g.Veredeln des textilen Betonbewehrungsgitterelements (1) in einer Beschichtungseinrichtung (32), wobei das textile Betonbewehrungsgitterelement mit einer Kunststoffbeschichtung und/ oder silanhaltigen Schlichte beschichtet wird;
8. h. Abziehen des entstandenen textilen Betonbewehrungsgitterelements von der Schussfaserführungskette mittels einem einfachen und/oder zweifachen Warenabzugssystem.

Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a method, according to claim 4, for producing a textile concrete reinforcement grid element, comprising at least the following steps:

1. a. Presenting at least one first weft fiber bundle in a meandering course through a first weft carriage around vertically extending at the top Bolt a weft fiber guide chain to form a first fiber layer and at the same time present a further, meandering weft bundle (2) as a third fiber layer opposite to the first fiber layer;
2. b. Fixing the meandering course of the weft fiber bundle by the bolts which extend vertically upward and change in size and/or diameter;
3. c. Transport of the first fiber layer to the knitting head;
4. d. Carrying out a knitting process with the introduction of standing fiber bundles as a second fiber layer in the transport direction on the knitting head, the introduced standing fiber bundles of the second fiber layer being introduced at a predeterminable angle offset from the first fiber layer in such a way that the first fiber layer partially protrudes laterally over the second fiber layer as fiber sheets
5. e. Introducing binding fibers through at least one base bar, which connect the two fiber layers to form a textile concrete reinforcement grid element both at crossing points and at fastening areas;
6. f. Transporting the concrete reinforcement grid element away from the casting head;
7. g.Refining the textile concrete reinforcement grid element (1) in a coating device (32), wherein the textile concrete reinforcement grid element is coated with a plastic coating and/or silane-containing coating;
8. H. Removing the resulting textile concrete reinforcement grid element from the weft fiber guide chain using a single and/or double product removal system.

The first method step a) can be seen as a special core idea of the method described here, in which the weft fiber bundle, which is advantageously designed as an endless weft fiber bundle, is presented in a meandering course through the first weft carriage advantageously transverse to the transport direction of the weft fiber guide chain.

For this purpose, the weft fiber guide chain has a large number of bolts, which are advantageously arranged in two rows that are parallel to one another but spaced apart from one another. Both rows extend in the transport direction and are to be understood as lateral boundary elements. The two rows of bolts consequently span a surface section between them, into which the standing fiber bundles are introduced when carrying out the knitting process to form the lattice structure. Particularly advantageously, the two outermost bundles of standing fibers introduced are spaced apart from the rows of bolts, inserted between them or have a common contact surface with each bolt in both rows of bolts. With this arrangement it is always ensured that only the weft fiber bundles guided around the bolts protrude laterally and the standing fiber bundles are always inserted and/or woven and/or inserted between the two rows of bolts.

In addition, according to the invention, in addition to the first fiber layer, another meandering weft fiber bundle is also presented as a third fiber layer opposite to the first fiber layer. This serves to uniformly form the fiber arches, which protrude laterally from the second fiber layer. An improved force connection with the liquid and/or hardened concrete as well as improved force absorption in the finished precast concrete part can thus be provided.

Furthermore, it has proven to be an advantageous, additional process step if, after the textile concrete reinforcement grid element has been removed, it is refined in a coating device. This can advantageously improve the corrosion resistance and stability of the concrete reinforcement grid element if corrodible glass fibers are used. Coating can be understood to mean, for example, a plastic coating and/or a silane-containing coating. However, it is particularly advantageous if the concrete reinforcement grid element is not removed from the weft fiber guide chain after the active head, but rather is moved with it through the online coating device for finishing.

In a further advantageous method step, the concrete reinforcement grid element is dipped into and/or pulled through at least one plastic solution and/or plastic dispersion during the finishing step. Foulard soaking baths have proven to be particularly advantageous. This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that it is also conceivable to provide other application options instead of dipping, such as steaming or spraying. Thermoset, aqueous polymer dispersions are particularly advantageously used for the coating, such as SBR, styrene-butadiene and/or acrylate coatings. In addition, solvent-containing or solvent-free polymer dispersions can also be used. The coatings are advantageously applied with a layer thickness of 10 nm to 1000 μm, even more advantageously from 50 nm to 500 μm. Furthermore, the coating material can also contain at least one silane or silicate solution.

Finally, it has also proven to be an advantageous further process step if the textile concrete reinforcement grid element is dried and/or assembled following the finishing. Drying is necessary so that the plastic coating and/or the coating crosslinks and forms a stable and solid surface. The drying process is carried out by applying temperature and/or microwave radiation and/or UV radiation.

For assembly, cutting elements are advantageously provided, which cut the concrete reinforcement grid element in predeterminable sizes.

After the coating has hardened, the concrete reinforcement grid element can be removed from the transport system via a goods removal system. This is done by relaxing the bolts. These are reduced back to their original size and/or position and/or diameter so that the now fixed loops are released. The concrete reinforcement grid element can therefore be easily removed from the weft fiber guide chain and, if necessary, assembled.

Furthermore, a further clamping effect of the bolts can be formed. When laying the first fiber layer, the fiber bundles used must also be fixed at the beginning and end of the fiber layer. This means that a stable loop can be placed. In the simplest case, the bolts have at least one clamping element, for example in the form of at least one clamping jaw and/or a clamping groove or the like. For improved fixation of the first fiber layer at the beginning and At the end of the presentation, the at least one fiber bundle is fixed at the beginning and end, for example clamped to the respective bolt. This can be done, for example, by applying compressive force, which a driver arranged on the shot carriage exerts on the respective fiber bundle. The fiber bundle is consequently clamped on the first bolt and last bolt, along which it is guided to form the fiber layer. After clamping, the fiber bundle can be cut off. This results in a single fiber layer. This jamming is later solved in the goods removal system by simply applying force.

Advantages and expediencies can be found in the following description in conjunction with the drawing. Identical or similar components are designated with the same reference numbers. In order to illustrate the functionality according to the invention, the figures show simplified schematic representations in which components that are not essential to the invention have been omitted. However, this does not mean that such components are used in accordance with the invention Solution does not exist. The exemplary embodiments shown do not represent a limitation of the invention, but merely serve to explain the principle of the invention.

Fig. 1

eine Draufsicht auf eine Ausführungsform eines Betonbewehrungsgitterelements;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Betonbewehrungsgitterelements

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Betonbewehrungsgitterelements;

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Betonbewehrungsgitterelements;

Fig. 5

einen schematischen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Betonbewehrungsgitterelements;

Fig. 6a

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Wirkmaschine;

Fig. 6b

eine schematische Draufsicht der Wirkmaschine aus Figur 6a;

Fig. 7a

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Wirkmaschine; und

Fig. 7b

eine schematische Draufsicht der Wirkmaschine aus Figur 7.

Show here:

Fig. 1

a top view of an embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element;

Fig. 2

a top view of another embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element

Fig. 3

a top view of another embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element;

Fig. 4

a top view of another embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element;

Fig. 5

a schematic cross section of a further embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element;

Fig. 6a

a schematic side view of a knitting machine;

Fig. 6b

a schematic top view of the knitting machine Figure 6a ;

Fig. 7a

a schematic side view of a further embodiment of the knitting machine; and

Fig. 7b

a schematic top view of the knitting machine Figure 7 .

Figure 1 shows a top view of a first embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element 1. In this top view, the alternating design of the loops 8 becomes clear. It can be seen that the at least one weft fiber bundle 2 has a meandering course in direction A, so that an alternating loop formation occurs alternating from left to right. It can also be seen that a defect 16 is formed between two loops 8 arranged adjacent to one another. In addition, the in Figure 1 shown top view that the introduced standing fiber bundles 12 are used in the transport direction T. The at least one weft fiber bundle 2 is presented here transversely to the transport direction T as a fiber template. The standing fiber bundles 12 are only introduced into the template in the transport direction T during the knitting process at the knitting head.

Figure 2 shows a further possible embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element 1. The concrete reinforcement grid element 1 shown here has both weft fiber bundles 2 and standing fiber bundles 12, both of which are arranged laterally in loops 8. In the Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment of the concrete reinforcement grid element 1 shows a further development of the in Fig. 2 Concrete reinforcement grid element 1 shown. This is an advantage because particularly strong forces can be absorbed. The concrete reinforcement grid element 1 can be produced, for example, by first arranging both weft fiber bundles 2 and standing fiber bundles 12 in a meandering manner and then fixing the loops 8 and/or the The entire concrete reinforcement grid element 1 is carried out, for example with a curable polymer dispersion, welding or gluing.

Figure 3 shows a top view of a further advantageous embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element 1, the structure of which corresponds to the concrete reinforcement grid element 1 Figure 3 corresponds. In addition, the in Figure 3 Embodiment shown is a further possibility of refining the concrete reinforcement grid element 1, in which the individual fiber bundles 2, 12 are at least partially wrapped with at least one further fiber bundle 18. This additional wrapping of the individual fiber bundles 2,12 makes their surface roughened or uneven, so that improved adhesion between the fiber bundles 2,12 and the liquid concrete (not shown) can be achieved. The further fiber bundle 18 can, for example, be designed as a wrap-around fiber bundle and selected from the same type of fiber as described above for the standing fiber bundles 12 and weft fiber bundles 2.

In Figure 4 a further embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element 1 is shown, here in addition to that in Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, a further fiber layer 20 is provided running diagonally to the first two fiber layers, formed from weft fiber bundles 2 and standing fiber bundles 12. This third fiber layer 20 advantageously results in a multiaxial concrete reinforcement grid element 1 which has particular stability and force absorption, for example in the concreted state in prefabricated concrete parts (not shown). In this context, this multiaxial concrete reinforcement grid element 1 can have a cross section, as in Figure 5 shown. In Figure 5 a section of a further embodiment of the concrete reinforcement grid element 1 is shown. The weft fiber bundles 2 are arranged in a first direction A. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, two standing fiber bundles 12 are arranged parallel to one another and spaced apart from one another by binding fibers 4. The binding fibers 4 are advantageously designed as pile threads. It can also be seen that the weft fiber bundles 2 have both a straight area 6 and loops 8. The loops 8 are advantageously designed to be firmly connected via the fastening areas 10 to the standing fiber bundles 12 running in the direction B. Further binding fibers 14 are advantageously provided in order to connect the weft fiber bundles 2 with the standing fiber bundles 12 at their crossing areas. Standing fiber bundles 12 and weft fiber bundles 2 are advantageously arranged orthogonally to one another. To improve force absorption, the weft fiber bundles 2 arranged one above the other can have a distance from one another that decreases towards the edge. In addition, it is also conceivable to design the loops 8 in such a way that the loop openings are formed perpendicular to the first fiber template.

In Figure 6A a side view of a knitting machine 21 is shown, which is composed of several units. As a first unit, the knitting machine 21 has the transport system 22, which has a weft fiber guide chain 24, on the sides of which a large number of bolts 26 are arranged one behind the other in a row in the transport direction T. To create the meandering fiber template of the weft fiber bundles 2, two weft carriages 28 are advantageously provided, which are arranged in opposite directions to one another and thus a continuous loop formation of the weft fiber bundles 2 the bolts 26 can ensure around. The weft fiber guide chain 24 moves in the transport direction T towards the knitting head 30, in which the knitting process takes place and standing fiber bundles 12 and binding fibers 4 are introduced into the fiber template, formed from the standing fiber bundles 2, in such a way that the concrete reinforcement grid element 1 described here is formed. For this purpose, the active head 30 has a large number of active elements (not shown).

After the knitting head 30 and at the end of the knitting process taking place there, the concrete reinforcement grid element 1 can be guided as a web of material further in the transport direction T, i.e. away from the knitting head 30 into a coating device 32 arranged thereafter, in which the surface finishing of the concrete reinforcement grid element 1 is carried out. For example, the coating device 32 is designed as a foulard soaking bath.

A drying unit 34 can then also be provided, which is designed for curing and crosslinking the coating material. The assembly then takes place in the further assembly unit 36.

In Figures 7A and 7B Another embodiment of the knitting machine 21 is shown in side view and top view. This has a modified transport system 22. In addition to the weft fiber guide chain 24, this has a large number of bolts 26, which are arranged in individual groups 42. Here, each bolt group 42 has a total of five bolts 26, which are arranged in a semicircle. The geometry of the bolts 26 can be changed, so that the Loop geometry 8 can be designed individually. To further increase effectiveness, the weft fiber guide chain 24 is designed as an endless chain so that it can be fed back into the circuit via a cleaning device after the finished concrete reinforcement grid element 1 has been removed.

Although the invention has been illustrated and explained in detail by the embodiments shown, the invention is not limited by the examples disclosed and other variations may be derived by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as set out in the appended claims.

Reference symbol list

1

Concrete reinforcement grid element

2

Weft fiber bundles

4

Connective fibers

6

straight area

8th

loops

10

Fastening area

12

Standing fiber bundles

14

additional binding fibers

16

Missing parts

18

more fiber bundles

20

another fiber layer

21

Knitting machine

22

Transportation system

24

Weft fiber guide chain

26

bolt

28.38

Shot car

30

active head

32

Coating device

34

Drying unit

36

Assembly unit

42

Bolt group

A

first laying direction

b

further laying direction

T

Transport direction

Claims (4)

1. Textile concrete-reinforcing grid element (1), formed from a technical textile which is configured at least by a first fibre tier and a second fibre tier;

   wherein the first fibre tier is configured from two weft fibre bundles (2) which are deposited in a meandering profile in a first direction (A), and wherein the second fibre tier is configured from a multiplicity of static fibre bundles (12) which are disposed so as to be mutually spaced apart, and the static fibre bundles (12) are disposed in a direction (B) different from the first direction (A) ;

   wherein the two weft fibre bundles (2) of the first fibre tier at least in lateral regions are configured as fibre arcs (8) which laterally project in comparison to the second fibre tier, wherein

   - the fibre arcs (8) configure lateral loops, wherein the fibre arcs (8) are configured to be U-shaped and/or teardrop-shaped;

   - each fibre arc (8) has at least two fastening regions (10) on which the fibre arcs (8) of the first fibre tier are fixedly connected to outside static fibre bundles (12) of the second fibre tier;

   - the fibre arcs (8) of the first fibre tier are adhesively bonded, welded, fused to the outside static fibre bundles (12), or are fixedly connected to one another by way of a coating or by way of additional binding yarns; and

   the two weft fibre bundles (2) are disposed so as to be mutually parallel and mutually spaced apart horizontally or vertically, wherein the spacing is configured by additionally incorporated binding fibres and/or spacer fibres in the form of pile yarns; and wherein

   the two fibre tiers are connected to one another at their crossover points, wherein the two fibre tiers are intertwined or connected by at least one pile yarn; and wherein

   the fibre bundles are at least partially wrapped by at least one fibre and/or at least one fibre bundle which respond(s) to external impingement, wherein the fibre(s) employed melt(s) under impingement with temperature and/or contract(s) under impingement with temperature; and wherein

   the fibres as mineral fibres are configured in the form of glass fibres or wollastonite fibres and/or as carbon fibres, polymer fibres, polyolefin fibres in the form of polypropylene and/or polyethylene, and/or as aramid fibres, basalt fibres, and/or as (non) oxidic ceramic fibres in the form of aluminium oxide or silicon carbide,

   characterized in that the textile concrete-reinforcing grid element has at least one further, third fibre tier which is disposed in a meandering profile laid counter to the first fibre tier, and the textile concrete-reinforcing grid element is configured to be completely coated, wherein the fibres are configured as glass fibres, and wherein the coating is composed of plastics material and/or silane-containing sizing.
2. Textile concrete-reinforcing grid element according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one void (16) is configured between two fibre arcs (8) of the first fibre tier that are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent.
3. Textile concrete-reinforcing grid element according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the textile concrete reinforcing grid element (1) has at least one further, third fibre tier, which is arranged in a meandering course opposite the first fibre tier and the third fibre tier at least in lateral regions is configured as fibre arcs (8) which laterally project in comparison to the second fibre tier, wherein each fibre arc (8) has at least two fastening regions on which the fibre arcs of the first fibre tier are fixedly connected to static fibre bundles (12) of the second fibre tier.
4. Method for producing a textile concrete-reinforcing grid element according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, comprising at least the following steps:

   a. providing at least one first weft fibre bundle (2) by a first weft carriage (28a) in a meandering profile about vertically upward-extending studs (26) of a weft-fibre guiding chain (24) for configuring a first fibre tier, and simultaneously providing a further meandering weft bundle (2) as a third fibre tier laid counter to the first fibre tier;

   b. fixing the meandering profile of the weft fibre bundle (2) by the vertically upward-extending studs (26) which vary in terms of their size and/or diameter;

   c. transporting the first fibre tier towards the knitting head (30);

   d. carrying out a warp-knitting process at the knitting head (30) while incorporating static fibre bundles (12) as the second fibre tier in the transport direction (T), wherein the incorporated static fibre bundles (12) of the second fibre tier are incorporated so as to be offset to the first fibre tier by a predeterminable angle in such a manner that the first fibre tier as fibre arcs (8) partially projects laterally beyond the second fibre tier;

   e. incorporating binding fibres (4) by at least one ground bar, the former for configuring a textile concrete-reinforcing grid element (1) connecting the two fibre tiers to one another at crossover points as well as at fastening regions (10);

   f. transporting the textile concrete-reinforcing grid element (1) away from the knitting head (30) ;

   g. finishing the textile concrete-reinforcing grid element (1) in a coating installation (32), wherein the textile concrete-reinforcing grid element is coated with a plastics-material coating and/or silane-containing sizing;

   h. doffing the created textile concrete-reinforcing grid element (1) from the weft-fibre guiding chain (24) by means of a single and/or double fabric doffing system.

Images