EP3258029A2 - Textile concrete reinforcement grid element, a device for producing such a concrete reinforcement grid element and a method for producing the concrete reinforcement grid element with such a device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile concrete reinforcing grid element, to an apparatus for producing such a concrete reinforcing grid element and to a method for producing the concrete reinforcing grid element with such a device.

Description

The invention relates to a textile concrete reinforcing grid element, to an apparatus for producing such a concrete reinforcing grid element, and to a method for producing a concrete reinforcing grid element with such a device.

Even today, the demand for concrete continues to rise. This material is characterized by very high compressive strengths after setting. At the same time, however, the tensile strength, mostly due to pore formation, significantly reduced. In order to compensate for this disadvantage, reinforcing elements made of steel are used in building and bridge construction in order to avoid the formation of cracks and to increase the service life of the concrete parts. Known manner are introduced here to steel beams in the still liquid concrete or submitted and potted with this.

However, the combination of concrete and steel proves to be highly susceptible to corrosion. The steel is corroded by cracks in the concrete and the resulting water and oxygen input, so that over time, the tensile strength decreases and material fatigue occurs.

In addition, the use of steel reinforcements means that they are always sufficiently enclosed by concrete so that at all the absorption of the tensile stress by the steel can take place. This in turn is disadvantageous because this results in high thicknesses and high weights of the resulting concrete layers. This is particularly disadvantageous in building construction when it comes to the load in modern architecture. To connect, for example, several reinforced steel concrete elements together positively, it requires the overlap / overlay of the steel reinforcement, so that a sufficient power dissipation can be done. As a result, however, particularly high body heights or wall thicknesses are required.

Accordingly, the present invention has for its object to provide a concrete reinforcement grid element, which can be produced easily, inexpensively and individually. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for producing the concrete reinforcing grid element, with which a high process reliability is ensured with cost-effective production. Furthermore, the invention is further based on a production method for a concrete reinforcing grid element, which is easy to carry out and which reduces the production costs.

These objects are achieved according to the features of claim 1, of claim 5, and of claim 17.

The textile concrete reinforcing grid element according to the invention is formed at least by a first fiber layer and a second fiber layer, wherein the first fiber layer is formed from at least one weft bundle, which is laid in a meandering course in a first direction A, and wherein the second fiber layer of a plurality of spaced apart standing fiber bundles is formed and the standing fiber bundles are arranged in a direction B different from the first direction. Furthermore, the two fiber layers can be connected to one another at their intersection points, for example by being looped or connected to at least one pile thread.

By "fiber bundles" is advantageously at least one fiber, more preferably at least two fibers, more preferably a plurality of fibers to understand, which are arranged parallel to each other and advantageously adjacent to each other as a bundle. For example, it is conceivable that a fiber bundle has a number of fibers in the range of 1 to 350,000. The stronger the fiber bundle is formed, the better is its power in the installed state, for example in a precast concrete part. In the present case, a "textile concrete reinforcing grid element" is to be understood in particular as a technical textile.

The first fiber layer has at least one weft-fiber bundle running in a meandering pattern. Under "meandering" is advantageous a course of the weft fiber bundle in Concrete reinforcement grid element to understand, which has both straight sections and adjoining curved sections, the curved sections turn into straight sections, etc. Advantageously, the at least one weft bundle is formed as a continuous fiber bundle.

The provision of the at least one weft bundle is not intended to be limiting. It is also conceivable to provide a plurality of weft fiber bundles, for example two, three or four weft fiber bundles, advantageously arranged parallel to one another, in a meandering course. The more such weft bundles are provided, the more stable the concrete reinforcing grid element is formed and the higher force loads can be taken in the concreted state, for example in a precast concrete part, to avoid cracking. In the simplest case, the plurality of weft fiber bundles are parallel to each other, formed adjacent to each other. However, it is also conceivable that, for example, two weft bundles are arranged parallel to one another but spaced apart vertically or horizontally. Such a spacing can be formed for example by additionally introduced binding fibers and / or spacing fibers in the form of pile threads. As a result, then the textile Betonbewehrungsgitterelement is designed as a multi-axial, textile concrete reinforcement grid element. Furthermore, the two weft fiber bundles, starting from an edge region, assume an ever increasing distance from one another.

To form the second fiber layer of the textile concrete reinforcing grid element are advantageously several standing fiber bundles parallel to each other and spaced from each other. The standing fiber bundles are arranged spaced from one another at a predetermined angle to the at least one weft fiber bundle, so that a lattice structure with numerous passage openings, which can also be referred to as meshes, results. In the simplest embodiment, the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer are arranged orthogonal to one another. This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that it is also conceivable that the second fiber layer is arranged at a predeterminable angle of not equal to 90 °. For example, it is conceivable that the second fiber layer is arranged offset at an angle of 45 ° and / or 60 ° to the first fiber layer. As a result, the geometry of the passage openings is variably adjustable. The geometry of the passage openings results from the arrangement of the first fiber layer to the second fiber layer.

In the simplest embodiment, the at least one weft bundle of the first fiber layer is arranged perpendicular to the standing fiber bundles of the second fiber layer. The lattice structure is formed from the straight arranged standing fiber bundles and the straight regions of the weft fiber bundles arranged offset by 90 °, so that consequently rectangular and / or square passage openings result. This orthogonal arrangement of the two layers to each other is particularly advantageous because this good stability and power absorption capability can be ensured.

In addition, the arrangement of the two layers to each other by the particular type of binding used, such as fringe, fringe with offset filament, jersey, cloth, satin or velvet laying optionally as Einzellegung and / or as Doppellegung and / or optionally same or gegenlegig and / or optionally mitbestimmt with rectilinear filament and / or staggered filament or the like. But it is also conceivable to arrange the two fiber layers to each other at a different, predeterminable angle, so that, for example, a triangular, diamond-shaped, round, trapezoidal or other polygonal geometry of the passage openings is formed. Furthermore, an offset introduction of the plurality of stay threads is possible. As a result, the overall surface structure of the concrete reinforcing grid element is increased and the adhesive bond in the concrete is significantly improved.

Further advantageously, the passage openings are all the same size. A distance between the fiber bundles of the first and second fiber layers relative to one another in the range from 0.5 cm to 50 cm, more advantageously in the range from 1 cm to 8 cm, has proved to be particularly advantageous. This distance between the fiber bundles corresponds essentially to the edge inside length of the passage openings and / or their inner diameter. The advantageous size of the passage openings in the range of 1 cm to 8 cm can ensure that liquid material, such as concrete or asphalt, depending on its largest grain, can easily and quickly flow through the passage openings of the concrete reinforcement grid element. Thus, a quick processing of the liquid concrete can be ensured, in addition, also a good connection between concrete and concrete reinforcement grid element is achieved. An undesirable screening effect and a separation of the largest grain in concrete or asphalt is thereby avoided.

This is of course not to be understood as limiting, since the passage openings in their geometry and size can also be formed differently within the concrete reinforcement grid element. An asymmetric passage opening geometry and / or size is advantageous if an increased bending force load is to be accommodated in predeterminable sections of the concrete reinforcement grid element. This is advantageously realized by smaller passage openings. Thus, for example, it is conceivable that in the edge regions of the textile concrete reinforcing grid element, the passage openings are smaller than the passage openings in the direction of the center of the fiber web.

The concrete reinforcing grid element according to the invention is furthermore made of fibers, advantageously of high-performance fibers with a high modulus of elasticity in the range from 160 to 320 GPa, more preferably in the range from 220 to 260, more preferably 240 GPa. The fibers may be formed as mineral fibers such as glass fibers or wollastonite fibers. Furthermore, it is also conceivable to form the fibers as carbon fibers, polymer fibers, polyolefin fibers, such as polypropylene and / or polyethylene, aramid fibers, basalt fibers, (non) oxidic ceramic fibers, such as consisting of aluminum oxide or silicon carbide or natural fibers. Of course, this is not limiting, so that it is also conceivable to form the respective fiber bundles with a plurality of such high-performance fibers with a high modulus of elasticity, for example with a mixture of aramid fiber carbon fibers or a mixture of alkali-resistant glass fibers with carbon fibers, wherein advantageously the carbon fiber content in Range selected from 5 weight percent to 45 weight percent based on the total mass of the fiber bundle is. In the simplest case, the different fiber types of a respective fiber bundle are randomly distributed in the fiber bundle. However, it has also been shown for increased stability and improved tensile strength that a controlled arrangement of a core-shell structure is advantageous. In this case, the carbon fibers are formed as a core, which is enclosed by the second type of fiber, such as alkali-resistant glass fibers, as a jacket. Therefore, the textile concrete reinforcement grid element described here is also to be understood as a high-performance concrete reinforcement grid element.

The further relevant point of the invention is that the at least one weft fiber bundle of the first fiber layer is formed at least in lateral regions relative to the second fiber layer as laterally protruding fiber arcs. Each fiber sheet has at least two attachment areas at which the fiber sheet of the first fiber layer is firmly connected to outer standing fiber bundles of the second fiber layer. The attachment is advantageously carried out by at least one at least partially formed coating or adhesive bonding at the outer intersection points of standing fiber bundles and weft bundles in the region of the fiber sheets. The fiber sheets are therefore particularly advantageously designed as loops. Furthermore, a complete coating of concrete reinforcement grid element is conceivable. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to form only the loops and their attachment area coated. Furthermore, alternatively, it is conceivable to realize the attachment areas instead of the bond via additional binding threads, which allows a firm connection of loops and outer standing fiber bundles. Furthermore, other types of attachment are conceivable, such as fusing, welding.

The areas of the first fiber layer projecting beyond the second standing fiber layer are formed continuously through the continuous-shot fiber bundle. This is advantageous since the meander-shaped course of the first fiber layer makes it possible to form laterally protruding, laterally protruding fiber arcs. It has now proved to be particularly advantageous to make these outwardly closed fiber sheets of the first fiber layer variable in size and / or outline.

Particularly advantageously, the fiber sheets are variably formed in their curvature and always form with the standing fiber bundle, with which they are firmly connected in mounting areas, only in these attachment areas common contact surfaces. The curved course of the fiber sheets themselves always a loop opening is formed, by which the maximum curvature of each fiber sheet is spaced from the opposite standing fiber bundle. The provision of the fiber sheets, which advantageously project laterally beyond the second fiber layer, also serves to improve the force absorption in the concreted state of the concrete reinforcing grid element in a precast concrete element as well as improved bending tensile properties and higher thread extraction values.

In this way it can further be ensured that when laying the concrete reinforcement grid element according to the invention, for example in a precast concrete part such as a concrete floor or a concrete wall, the outwardly closed loop areas of the first fiber layer for fixing the Betonbewehrungsgitterelements can be used within the precast concrete part to hold and fix the concrete reinforcement grid element in the corresponding position before pouring concrete. This is correspondingly necessary because the Betonbewehrungsgitterelement, which can also be referred to as textile high-performance concrete reinforcement grid element, has a very low weight and floating easily in liquid concrete. The concrete reinforcement grid element described here is designed as an endless product.

Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The loops are advantageously formed by the meander-shaped weft fiber bundle, which is advantageously designed as a continuous fiber bundle. It has also proven to be advantageous to make the loops variable in their diameter and / or outline. As a result, the concrete reinforcement grid element described here can be manufactured individually for each application, so that, for example, depending on the number of loops, the loop diameter or the loop thickness, the removal of the tensile load in the finished concrete part is adjustable. Loop inside diameters have proven to be particularly advantageous in the range from 0.5 cm to 12 cm, more advantageously from 2 cm to 6 cm. With this loop inner diameter particularly good bonding properties such as bending properties in the laid, concreted state are connected.

Consequently, there is a concrete reinforcement grid element with a grid structure, which additional lateral, continuous having trained loops. In the simplest case, the lateral arrangement of the loops is understood to mean that the loops are arranged in the same plane as the first fiber layer. The loops thus form a flat surface with the first fiber layer. But it is also conceivable that the loops are formed laterally offset from the first fiber layer at a predeterminable angle. Thus, the loops can be arranged, for example, at a bent angle of +/- 90 ° with respect to the plane spanned by the first fiber layer. Angles of +/- 45 ° have proven to be particularly advantageous, since this likewise allows the tensile load absorption in a concrete state in a precast concrete element to be significantly increased. Thus, it is conceivable that a first loop is folded upwards by 45 ° with respect to the plane of the first fiber layer, whereas the two loops arranged adjacent thereto are oriented downward by 45 ° with respect to the plane of the first fiber layer. Thus, the concrete reinforcement grid element has alternately oriented loops. By the individual vote, it is also possible to arrange the loops all within a plane or even individually form each loop with a pre-definable bent angle with respect to the first fiber layer.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the fiber sheets are U-shaped and / or drop-shaped. This is advantageous because the adhesive bonding properties with the concrete as well as the thread pull-out values and bending tensile properties in the state of the concrete reinforcing grid element arranged in concrete can be significantly improved by this special geometric design of the fiber sheets. The U-shaped configuration of the fiber sheets represents the simplest embodiment Each loop here has two legs, with which it is fixed to the adjacent standing fiber bundle in the attachment areas. Both legs are spaced apart by a curved base formed. Advantageously, the base and standing fiber bundles are arranged opposite one another and also spaced apart from one another by a loop opening. Particularly advantageous in the two legs formed symmetrically to each other. For improved tensile load absorption, the aspect ratio of leg to base in the ratio of 1.5: 1; 2: 1; 2.5: 1; 3: 1; 3.5: 1; 4: 1; 4.5: 1; 5: 1; 5.5: 1; or 6: 1 selected. Thus, the leg-base ratio also determines the size of the opening, more preferably its inner diameter. However, this is not limiting, as leg-to-base ratios of 1: 1.5; 1: 2; 1: 2.5; 1: 3; 1: 3.5; 1: 4; 1: 4.5; 1: 5; 1: 5.5 or 1: 6 are conceivable. All these ratios have in common that they form a sufficiently large opening between legs, base and standing fiber bundles, so as to significantly improve the bending characteristics of reinforced concrete reinforcement with the concrete reinforcement grid element. Particularly advantageous sizes have been found for the inner diameter in the range of 0.5 to 12 cm. Also, a teardrop-shaped geometry of the loops is advantageous for improved Zuglastaufnahme and crack prevention in the concreted state, for example in a precast concrete part. In this case, the attachment portions of the respective fiber sheet are arranged closer to each other than is the case in the U-shaped configuration of the loops. The formation of the loops as double loops, for example in the form of a standing "8" has proven by the additional fiber bundle crossing advantageous for crack prevention and power absorption. In a further advantageous embodiment, at least one defect is formed between two fiber sheets of the first fiber layer arranged adjacent to one another. This alternating arrangement of the fiber sheets is caused by the meandering laying of the at least one weft fiber bundle.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the textile concrete reinforcement grid element has at least one further, third fiber layer, which is arranged in a meandering pattern opposite to the first fiber layer. The third fiber layer is formed at least in lateral regions relative to the second fiber layer as laterally protruding fiber arcs, wherein each fiber sheet has at least two attachment regions to which the fiber sheets of the first fiber layer are fixedly connected to outer standing fiber bundles of the second fiber layer. In the simplest case, the third fiber layer is formed by at least one further weft fiber bundle, which is advantageously designed as a continuous fiber bundle. This further weft fiber bundle is laid in opposition to the first weft fiber bundle, so that it fills the defects with other fiber sheets, more precisely, loops. This is advantageous because it allows the above-described defects between two loops to be filled up so that a continuous loop formation is ensured. This additionally increases the stability of the concrete reinforcing grid element, so that even greater tensile stress can be dissipated in the finished concrete part and thereby cracking in concrete part itself is prevented. The formation of the loops of the first and third fiber layers can be the same in the simplest case, so that those formed by the first fiber layer Loops and formed by the third fiber layer loops have the same diameter and the same outline.

However, this is not to be understood as limiting, so that it is also conceivable to make the loops of the first fiber layer smaller than the loops of the third fiber layer or vice versa. As a result, a targeted Zugkraftabführung be achieved from the later concrete part.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that all three fiber layers are formed from the same type of fibers. But it is also conceivable that each of the three fiber layers is formed of a different type of fibers. For example, the first fiber layer can be made of alkali-resistant glass fibers, the second fiber layer of polyolefin fibers and the third fiber layer of carbon fibers. Depending on the choice of fiber, the concrete reinforcement grid element can be embedded uncoated directly after production in liquid concrete and accordingly strengthen it in the hardened state. If the fibers used in the concrete reinforcing grid element are selected from synthetic fibers, for example polyester fibers or polyolefin fibers, then the concrete reinforcing grid element produced therefrom can be laid directly uncoated.

If, however, glass fibers (with) are used, it lends itself to additional stabilization of the concrete reinforcement grid element described here, to form it coated. It is advantageous to use coatings, for example of plastic and / or silane-containing sizes. These coatings, also called finishes, prove it is then necessary if the concrete reinforcement grid element is formed, for example, only from glass fiber bundles. The glass fibers themselves have a low corrosion resistance in the liquid or hardened concrete, so that it requires an additional treatment in order to ensure the desired reinforcement properties for a long time.

The coating with at least one plastic and / or a silane-containing size results in a core-shell structure for the individual fiber bundles. The coating significantly reduces the susceptibility to corrosion of the concrete reinforcement grid element and at the same time maintains its flexibility and flexibility. The plastic coating and / or the application of the size is carried out as a finishing step after the concrete reinforcement grid element has been laid in its desired size, grid width and loop number and / or woven and / or knitted. For an improved power dissipation in the finished concrete part, it has also proven to be advantageous, the loops coated several times and / or form with a thicker coating layer and / or sizing than the rest of the concrete reinforcement grid element. As a result, it is possible to achieve an improved property for the removal of force and for improving the adhesive bond between loops and liquid concrete or hardened concrete.

Furthermore, it is conceivable to at least partially wrap the fiber bundles of the concrete reinforcing grid element with at least one fiber and / or at least one fiber bundle, which react to an external application. In the raw state, this wrap is loose, so that the individual fibers Although the fiber bundle or the fiber bundles themselves held, but not firmly fixed to each other.

The at least one Umwindefaser and / or the Umwindefaserbündel reacts particularly advantageous to temperature changes. Thus, it is conceivable to form the inserted fiber (s) such that they melt when exposed to temperature and / or contract when exposed to temperature. In addition to melting, it is also conceivable that when the temperature is applied, the polymer chains, from which the inserted fiber (s) are composed, perform a contraction and transition from an elongated conformation into a tangle. This also affects their longitudinal extent. This is shortened. Depending on the choice of polymer chains, this conformational change may be reversible or irreversible. Advantageously, the inserted Umwindefaser (s) of polypropylene and / or polyethylene are formed.

Another embodiment provides that the inserted Umwindefaser (s) and / or Umwindefaserbündel may also be formed as monofilaments and undergo a chemical transformation by the temperature. As a result, the chemical material structure changes such that a shortening results particularly advantageously in longitudinal extension. This can be done for example by an additional polymerization.

Advantageously, the inserted (s) Umwindefaser (s) and / or Umwindefaserbündel are formed by shrinkage by applying temperature. This allows a much cheaper production of concrete reinforcement grid element as with known knitted fabrics of the prior art. The inserted Umwindefaser (s) and / or Umwindefaserbündel pulled thereby controlled together and lead the still loosely arranged fibers of the fiber bundles and / or the entire fiber bundles themselves towards each other and fix them ultimately. Thus, an additional stabilization of the fiber bundles can be achieved. In addition, the surface is enlarged, so that the adhesive properties can be significantly improved with the material to be reinforced. Thus, it is conceivable, for example, to form the inserted binding (s) and / or Umwindefaserbündel from thermosensitive polymer, such as polyethylene and / or polypropylene. This is not meant to be limiting, but merely as an advantageous embodiment. In addition to the thermosensitive Umwindefaser (s) and / or Umwindefaserbündeln the invention also Umwindefaser (s) and / or Umwindefaserbündel comprises, which are sensitive to pH and / or pressure sensitive and / or UV-sensitive and / or sound-sensitive and / or gas-sensitive are. If the used Umwindefaser (s) and / or Umwindefaserbündel acted upon accordingly, so shortens their longitudinal extent.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a knitting machine for producing a textile concrete reinforcing grid element, as described above, comprising at least one transport system with at least one weft fiber guide chain for transporting the first and / or third fiber layer towards a knitting head and / or for transporting the textile concrete reinforcing grid element away from the knitting head, wherein the weft fiber guide chain includes a plurality of vertically upwardly extending bolts for guiding and / or fixing the at least one weft bundle of the first and / or third fiber layers transverse to a transport direction. Furthermore, the knitting machine has at least one weft carriage for presenting the at least one weft fiber bundle of the first fiber layer in a meandering course. This bumper wraps around the at least one weft bundle around the bolts of the weft fiber guide chain so as to form the first fiber batt. The bolts are therefore formed in this embodiment as a frame, more advantageously as a clamping frame or clamping frame, for the fiber bundles. Furthermore, the knitting machine has a knitting head for carrying out a knitting process, the knitting head having a plurality of knitting elements in order to act and / or lay and / or weave the textile concrete reinforcing grid element out of the individual fiber layers. Finally, the knitting machine has at least one fabric removal system for deduction of the finished knitted and / or laid and / or woven textile concrete reinforcement grid element from the weft fiber guide chain.

Of course, the above-described embodiment of the weft fiber guide chain is not limited to a chain element, so that it is also conceivable to form, for example, a plastic belt or a plastic hinge with the corresponding bolts and provide in the transport system.

An integral part of the knitting machine is the at least one transport system. In addition to the weft fiber guide chain, the transport system has at least one drive unit, for example a servomotor, by means of which the weft fiber guide chain is moved in the transport direction. Under transport direction is that direction to understand in which the weft fiber guide chain before the knitting head this runs and after the knitting head is led away from this.

The weft fiber guide chain has a plurality of bolts, which can also be understood as lateral boundaries of the weft fiber guide chain. The bolts are arranged in the simplest case in rows in the transport direction one behind the other.

If now the at least one weft fiber bundle of the first fiber layer is presented in a meander shape around the bolts of the weft fiber guide chain, then the fiber bows, which are designed to be closed to the outside, result. The diameter and / or the outline of the resulting fiber sheets thus depends on the shape of the respective bolt. The presentation of the at least one weft bundle is carried out with a wagon, advantageously with simultaneous movement of the weft fiber guide chain in the transport direction towards the knitting head. This is not limiting, so that it is also conceivable to provide a bolt group for forming each loop instead of a single bolt per loop. For this purpose, the bolt group can be arranged, for example, in a semicircle, and thereby already predetermine the shape of the loop. Particularly advantageously, each bolt is individually variable in its position, so that the curvature of the loop is individually adjustable.

The knitting head itself is arranged and provided for carrying out the knitting process. For this purpose, the knitting head on a variety of active elements, such as ground bar, needle bar, fiber bundle stock, guide bar, combing comb and Vorbringerbarre on. During the knitting process, the knitting head becomes active in addition to the first meandering, presented fiber layer, the standing fiber bundles for forming the second fiber layer in the transport direction, advantageously parallel to each other and spaced from each other. For lateral formation of the fiber sheets of the first fiber layer, the standing fiber bundles are introduced to a maximum on the inside of the bolt in the transport direction. So the loops can be formed.

For additional stabilization of the first and second fiber layers together, binding fibers can continue to be introduced on the knitting head during the knitting process, which fibers arrange first and second fiber layers at intersection points. The fixation is advantageously carried out by firm entanglement of the two fiber layers with the binder fibers. The binding fibers are formed as individual fibers and / or as fiber bundles. These may be the crossing points in the surface but also the intersections of loops and standing fiber bundles. It has proved to be particularly advantageous if the binding fibers are formed to be temperature-sensitive or pH-sensitive, for example as alginate fibers and / or alginate fiber bundles. This has the advantage that when introducing the binding fibers on the knitting head these hold together the individual fiber layers. Upon request, with appropriate temperature or pH change, this bond can be resolved at any time controlled.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the knitting machine further comprises a second weft carriage for meandering laying of another weft fiber bundle, wherein the two shot wagons are arranged in opposite directions to each other. This is advantageous because in this way first and third fiber layer meandering around the bolts of the Schussfaserführungskette be submitted, so that there are continuous fiber sheets and the defects between two fiber sheets of the first fiber layer are repealed and filled by a fiber sheet of the third fiber layer.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the knitting machine, the two shot-wagons are arranged on two separately trained wagon carriage guides, both shot-wagons being independent or dependent to move from each other. By countering is always alternately formed a loop on the right and left, so that the flow of forces is entered in a straight line. Possible acting forces, for example, after installation to precast concrete, are thus introduced over the entire width or over the entire length in the weft fiber bundles and / or standing fiber bundles of a loop to the opposite.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the knitting machine, the latter also has an on-line coating device for finishing the concrete reinforcement grid element before and / or after the fabric removal system. The on-line provision of the coating device is advantageous since the concrete reinforcement grid element can be fed out of the knitting head directly after the knitting and / or weaving and / or weaving out of the coating device. As a result, work steps, costs and time can be saved and direct further processing can be ensured. In this advantageous case, the transport system with the intermediate product of the concrete reinforcement grid element arranged thereon is fed to the on-line coating device. However, this is not meant to be limiting, so it is also possible is to provide the coating device offline, and thus not as part of the knitting machine.

Advantageously, the coating device is designed as a 2- or multi-roll padder with impregnation bath, which in addition to a dip bath containing the coating material. The transport system with arranged thereon, fixed by the bolt concrete reinforcement grid element is guided through the dip, so that the individual fiber bundles are at least partially saturated with the coating material. Depending on the transport speed of the impregnation can be adjusted accordingly. The coating and simultaneous impregnation of the concrete reinforcement grid element serves to stabilize it. Furthermore, the coating device downstream of the dipping bath can have two or more squeeze rolls for controlled squeezing of the coating material from the concrete reinforcing grid element coated and impregnated therewith. Furthermore, a sanding system for applying sand to the at least partially liquid coating material may also be part of the coating device, so that after and / or during the curing of the coating material a surface enlargement is formed and the adhesive bond to the concrete can be significantly increased. It has proved to be particularly advantageous to form the impregnation bath with at least one vibrating element, for example a corresponding motor. During the impregnation or passage of the concrete reinforcement grid element through the dipping bath, the liquid arranged therein is subjected to vibrations so as to optimize the impregnation. As a result of the application of vibration, more coating material penetrates into the individual fiber bundles. Their stability is thus increased. It is also conceivable that instead of the impregnation bath, the coating device has a vapor deposition unit or spraying unit or doctor unit for applying the at least one plastic coating and / or silane-containing size to the concrete reinforcement grid element to be coated or finished.

Depending on the design of the concrete reinforcement grid element, however, it is also conceivable that it is removed from the weft fiber guide chain via a simple and / or double fabric removal system before being fed into the coating device. This is advantageous because a secure guidance of the webs is ensured by the fabric removal system in order to obtain a better quality and reproducible quality and consistent tension in the textile. The further transport into the coating device can take place, for example, with a further weft fiber guide chain, which is of the same design as the first weft fiber guide chain. However, other transport chain elements are conceivable.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the knitting machine further comprises a packaging unit, which has a drying system and / or cutting system and / or a goods winding system. Advantageously, the packaging unit is also arranged online and provided, for example, behind the coating unit or before or after the fabric removal system. If the knitting machine has an on-line coating unit, a downstream drying system is advantageous in order to dry and cure the coating and / or the size. The drying system this can advantageously have a heating element for applying temperature to the concrete reinforcing grid element and / or a microwave source and / or a UV source. Especially with plastic coatings, radiation sources, such as microwave or UV, prove to be advantageous initiators for the necessary crosslinking and curing.

If no online coating unit is required, it is also possible to dispense advantageously with a drying system. In this case, after the fabric removal system, only one cutting system and / or one goods wrapping machine follows. The control system is advantageous in order to assemble the concrete reinforcement grid element in predeterminable sizes. If this is not desired, the concrete reinforcement grid element can be rolled up in a roll-shaped manner on a goods winding installation in roll form, in order to be finally cut to size as needed.

The transport system as an integral part of the knitting machine, in addition to the at least one Schussfaserführungskette for transporting meandering fiber slips and / or the textile concrete reinforcement grid element further at least one drive unit for controlling the flow speed of at least one Schussfaserführungskette in the transport direction. The weft fiber guide chain has a multiplicity of vertically upwardly extending bolts for guiding and / or fixing the at least one weft fiber bundle of the first and / or third fiber layer transversely to a transport direction.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the transport system, an optical detection device, such as an optical Detection sensor has. About this can be controlled and controlled advantageously the weft insertion for the formation of the fiber sheets.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the bolts are arranged on and / or in the vicinity of the outer edges of the weft thread guide chain. In a further advantageous embodiment, the bolts are formed variable in diameter and / or outline. By changing the diameter and / or outline of the respective bolt is also automatically changed the size and / or the outline of the guided around the respective bolt fiber sheets. Thus, individual consideration can be given to the respective fields of application of the concrete reinforcement grid element and the fiber bows can always be formed individually by the change in the bolt. The bolts are advantageously made of metal and / or plastic. Metal has the advantage that the bolts have a long service life and only slight signs of wear. The formation of the pin made of plastic, advantageously of at least one elastomer, is particularly suitable if the bolts can be changed by air supply and / or air discharge, so pneumatically in size. Due to the elastic and flexible design of the bolt whose size and / or outline can be changed by air supply and / or air discharge. In this case, however, it must always be ensured that the bolts have a certain inherent rigidity, so that the weft fiber bundle does not change the size and / or the outline of the bolts during the meandering laying. Such a change is made possible only by air supply and / or air removal.

Advantageously, the bolts in their starting position, ie the unchanged size and / or the unchanged outline, an outer diameter in the range of 0.5 to 12 cm. Particularly advantageously, the outer diameter of the bolt is designed to be at least twice to ten times larger. In the simplest case, the outline of the bolt is round. This allows, for example, the above-described U-shaped and / or teardrop-shaped design of the loops. This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that the bolts can also have a somewhat different outline, for example angular, ellipsoidal or polygonal. It should be noted that in one of approximately different training, the edges of the bolts are advantageously always rounded to protect the fiber bundles from damage or kinking. In addition, the contact surface between bolts and fiber bows is kept as low as possible by advantageous shape of the bolt. Particularly advantageously, the bolts are made of polytetrafluoroethylene or at least partially coated herewith. As a result of the concomitant reduction in the adhesion of the coating material, it can easily drip off after the weft fiber guide chain has been brought out of the dipping bath again.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the diameter and / or contour change of each bolt is pneumatically, mechanically, electronically or hydraulically adjustable. Thus, it is conceivable that each bolt is widened with, for example, an originally round cross section, for example by dividing it in half and moving the two semicircular part bolts away from one another. This movement can in the simplest case mechanically, for example be made possible by spring elements or gears, which can move the two semicircular part pin both away from each other and to each other. In addition, it is conceivable to control these mechanical elements electronically. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to implement the contour change and / or size change of the bolts pneumatically or hydraulically. For this purpose, advantageously suitable pistons are provided within the bolt.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the bolts are designed as clamping units. This is advantageous since in this way the concrete reinforcing grid element is additionally held in a stably stretched position by the bolts during transport to the knitting head in and / or away from the knitting head. Moreover, the bolts designed as clamping units also prove to be advantageous during the kneading process since the meandering, at least one weft bundle, ie first and / or third fiber mat, is held in position when the standing fiber bundles and / or the binding fibers introduced during the kneading process and connected to the respective, at least one weft fiber bundle. Advantageously, the clamping effect results from the fact that after the meandering laying of the at least one weft bundle around the bolts, the bolts are widened in their size and / or in their outline and thus a clamping action and / or clamping action is formed. In addition to the expansion of the size is also conceivable to form the bolt individually variable in their position. Thus, the individual bolts on the weft fiber guide chain can be arbitrarily moved over servo motors. This allows a particularly high degree of individually produced concrete reinforcement grid elements. In addition, it is also conceivable to precede a further, smaller-dimensioned knitting head before the actual knitting head described above. This smaller-sized knitting head serves to wrap the standing and / or weft fiber bundles. As a result, their stability and surface roughness is increased. Subsequently, the wound fiber bundles are fed to the actual knitting head. Advantageously, the carbon fiber bundles of the concrete reinforcement grid element are wound around. Advantageously, the smaller-sized knitting head is supplied with sufficient Umwindegarn via a thread store. For improved effectiveness, the small-sized knitting head, in addition to known and not further explained herein components, further comprise at least one needle bar, can be laterally offset controlled. For this purpose, the smaller-sized knitting head has at least one electronic control, for example a linear control. This controls the needle bar laterally in the vertical direction up and down. In combination, ie coupling, with the above-described optical detection device for fiber arc laying, the binding process described here is decoupled from the actual feed of the transport system. This is advantageous because it allows individual convolutions to be formed.

1. a. Vorlegen wenigstens eines ersten Schussfaserbündels in mäanderförmigem Verlauf durch einen ersten Schusswagen um vertikal sich an oben erstreckende Bolzen einer Schussfaserführungskette zur Ausbildung einer ersten Faserlage als Faservorlage;
2. b. Fixieren des mäanderförmigen Verlaufs des Schussfaserbündels durch die sich vertikal nach oben erstreckenden, in ihrer Größe und/oder Durchmesser verändernden Bolzen;
3. c. Transport der ersten Faserlage zum Wirkkopf hin;
4. d. Durchführen eines Wirkprozesses mit Einbringen von Stehfaserbündeln als zweite Faserlage in Transportrichtung am Wirkkopf, wobei die eingebrachten Stehfaserbündel der zweiten Faserlage in einem vorbestimmbaren Winkel versetzt zur ersten Faserlage derart eingebracht werden, dass die erste Faserlage als Faserbögen teilweise seitlich über die zweite Faserlage übersteht und Einbringen von Bindefasern durch wenigstens einen Grundbarren, welche die beiden Faserlagen zur Ausbildung eines textilen Betonbewehrungsgitterelements sowohl an Kreuzungspunkten sowie an Befestigungsbereichen miteinander verbinden;
5. e. Transport des Betonbewehrungsgitterelements vom Wirkkopf weg;
6. f. Abziehen des entstandenen textilen Betonbewehrungsgitterelements von der Schussfaserführungskette mittels einem einfachen und/oder zweifachen Warenabzugssystem.

Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a method for producing a textile concrete reinforcement grid element with a knitting machine described above, comprising at least the following steps:

1. a. Presenting at least one first weft bundle in a meandering path through a first wagon to vertically extending at the top Bolt of a weft fiber guide chain for forming a first fiber layer as a fiber template;
2. b. Fixing the meandering course of the weft bundle through the vertically upwardly extending, changing in size and / or diameter bolt;
3. c. Transport of the first fiber layer towards the knitting head;
4. d. Performing a knitting process with introduction of standing fiber bundles as a second fiber layer in the transport direction at the knitting head, wherein the introduced standing fiber bundles of the second fiber layer offset at a predeterminable angle to the first fiber layer are introduced such that the first fiber layer as fiber arches partially protrudes laterally beyond the second fiber layer and introducing Binder fibers by at least one base bar, which connect the two fiber layers to form a textile concrete reinforcement grid element both at intersections and attachment areas together;
5. e. Transporting the concrete reinforcement grid element away from the knitting head;
6. f. Pulling off the resulting textile Betonbewehrungsgitterelements of the weft fiber guide chain by means of a simple and / or double fabric removal system.

As a particular core idea of the method described here, the first method step a) is to be seen, in which first the weft fiber bundle, which is advantageously designed as a continuous weft fiber bundle, is presented in a meandering course through the first wagon and namely advantageous transverse to the transport direction of the weft fiber guide chain.

For this purpose, the weft fiber guide chain has a multiplicity of bolts, which are advantageously arranged in two mutually parallel but spaced-apart rows. Both rows extend in the transport direction and are to be understood as lateral boundary elements. The two rows of bolts consequently span between them a surface portion in which the standing fiber bundles are introduced during the execution of the knitting process for forming the lattice structure. The two outermost, introduced standing fiber bundles are particularly advantageously spaced from the rows of bolts, inserted between them or have a common contact surface with each bolt of both rows of bolts. With this arrangement, it is always ensured that only the weft bundles guided around the studs protrude laterally and that the standing fiber bundles are always acted upon between the two rows of studs and / or that they are woven and / or laid.

In addition, advantageously, in addition to the first fiber layer, another, meandering, weft bundle bundle is additionally presented as a third fiber layer opposite the first fiber layer. This serves for uniform formation of the fiber sheets, which protrude laterally the second fiber layer. Thus, an improved power combination with the liquid and / or hardened concrete as well as an improved force absorption in the finished precast concrete part can be provided.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous, additional process step, if this is finished in a coating device after removing the textile Betonbewehrungsgitterelements. As a result, the corrosion resistance and the stability of the concrete reinforcement grid element can advantageously be improved if corrodible glass fibers are used. By coating, for example, a plastic coating and / or a silane-containing size can be understood. However, it is particularly advantageous if the concrete reinforcing grid element is not pulled off the weft fiber guide chain after the knitting head, but is driven with it through the on-line coating device for refining.

In a further advantageous method step, the concrete reinforcement grid element is immersed in at least one plastic solution and / or plastic dispersion during the finishing step and / or pulled through. Foulard impregnation baths have proven to be particularly advantageous. This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that it is also conceivable to provide other application possibilities, such as steaming, spraying instead of diving. Thermosetting, aqueous polymer dispersions, such as, for example, SBR, styrene-butadiene and / or acrylate coatings, are particularly advantageously used for the coating. In addition, solvent-containing or solvent-free polymer dispersions can also be used. Advantageously, the coatings are applied with a layer thickness of 10 nm to 1000 .mu.m, more preferably from 50 nm to 500 .mu.m. Furthermore, the coating material may also contain at least one silane or silicate solution. Finally, it has also proved to be an advantageous, further method step if, following the finishing, the textile concrete reinforcing grid element is dried and / or finished. The drying is necessary in that the plastic coating and / or the sizing crosslinks and forms a stable and solid surface. The drying process is carried out by applying temperature and / or microwave radiation and / or UV radiation.

For confectioning cutting elements are advantageously provided which intersect the concrete reinforcement grid element in predeterminable sizes.

After the coating has cured, the concrete reinforcement grid element can be removed from the transport system via a fabric removal system. This is done by relaxing the bolt. These are reduced back to their original size and / or position and / or diameter, so that the now fixed loops are released. The concrete reinforcement grid element can thus be removed from the weft fiber guide chain in a simple manner and, if necessary, even assembled.

Furthermore, a further clamping action of the bolts can be formed. By laying the first fiber layer, the fiber bundles used are also to be fixed at the beginning and end of the fiber layer. Thus, a stable Schlaufenlegung done. In the simplest case, the bolts for this purpose have at least one clamping element, for example in the form of at least one clamping jaw and / or a clamping groove or the like. For improved fixation of the first fiber layer at the beginning and End of presenting, the at least one fiber bundle is fixed to the beginning and end, for example, clamped to the respective bolt. This can be done, for example, by pressure force application, which exerts an arranged on the wagon carriage on the respective fiber bundle. The fiber bundle is thus jammed at the first bolt and last bolt, where it is guided along to form the fiber layer. After jamming, the fiber bundle can be cut off. This results in a single fiber layer. This jamming is later solved in the fabric removal system by simple application of force.

Finally, the present invention also relates to the use of a concrete reinforcement grid element made with a knitting machine described above for use in road construction, building construction and / or bridge construction as well as for the repair and / or reinforcement of precast concrete parts, plastic matrices for heavy duty components, asphalt floors or ground areas, such as slopes. Furthermore, the present invention further relates to the use of a textile concrete reinforcement grid element with a knitting machine produced by application of the manufacturing process in road construction, building construction and / or bridge construction.

Advantages and expediencies can be found in the following description in conjunction with the drawing. Identical or similar components are designated by the same reference numerals. In order to illustrate the mode of operation according to the invention, the figures show simplified schematic representations in which no components essential to the invention have been dispensed with. However, this does not mean that such components in an inventive Solution are not available. The embodiments shown are not a limitation of the invention, but are merely illustrative of the principle of the invention.

Fig. 1

eine Draufsicht auf eine Ausführungsform eines Betonbewehrungsgitterelements;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Betonbewehrungsgitterelements

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Betonbewehrungsgitterelements;

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Betonbewehrungsgitterelements;

Fig. 5

einen schematischen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Betonbewehrungsgitterelements;

Fig. 6a

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Wirkmaschine;

Fig. 6b

eine schematische Draufsicht der Wirkmaschine aus Figur 6a;

Fig. 7a

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Wirkmaschine; und

Fig. 7b

eine schematische Draufsicht der Wirkmaschine aus Figur 7.

Hereby show:

Fig. 1

a plan view of an embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element;

Fig. 2

a plan view of another embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element

Fig. 3

a plan view of another embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element;

Fig. 4

a plan view of another embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element;

Fig. 5

a schematic cross-section of another embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element;

Fig. 6a

a schematic side view of a knitting machine;

Fig. 6b

a schematic plan view of the knitting machine FIG. 6a ;

Fig. 7a

a schematic side view of another embodiment of the knitting machine; and

Fig. 7b

a schematic plan view of the knitting machine FIG. 7 ,

FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element 1. In this plan view, the alternating formation of the loops 8 is clear. It can be seen that the at least one weft bundle 2 has a meandering course in the direction A, so that an alternating loop formation in the change from left to right caused. In addition, it is also apparent that a respective defect 16 is formed between two loops 8 arranged adjacent to one another. In addition, the in FIG. 1 illustrated plan view that the introduced standing fiber bundles 12 are consumed in the transport direction T. The at least one weft bundle 2 is here presented transversely to the transport direction T as a fiber master. The standing fiber bundles 12 are introduced into the original only in the knitting process on the knitting head in the transport direction T.

FIG. 2 shows a further possible embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element 1. The concrete reinforcement grid element 1 shown here has both weft bundles 2 and standing fiber bundles 12, which are both arranged laterally in loops 8. In the Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment of the concrete reinforcement grid element 1 shows a further development of in Fig. 2 This is advantageous, since thus particularly strong acting forces can be absorbed. The concrete reinforcement grid element 1 can be produced, for example, in such a way that initially both the weft fiber bundles 2 and the standing fiber bundles 12 are arranged in meandering fashion and subsequently the fixation of the loops 8 and / or the entire concrete reinforcement grid element 1 takes place, for example, with a curable polymer dispersion, welding or gluing.

FIG. 3 shows a plan view of another advantageous embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element 1, wherein the structure of the concrete reinforcing grid element 1 of FIG. 3 equivalent. In addition, the in FIG. 3 embodiment shown another way of finishing the concrete reinforcement grid element 1, in which the individual fiber bundles 2,12 are at least partially wound with at least one further fiber bundle 18. As a result of this additional wrapping of the individual fiber bundles 2, 12, their surface is roughened or uneven, so that improved adhesion between the fiber bundles 2, 12 and the liquid concrete (not shown) can thereby be produced. The further fiber bundle 18 may be formed, for example, as a Umwindefaserbündel and from the same type of fiber, as described above for the standing fiber bundles 12 and weft bundles 2, be selected.

In FIG. 4 a further embodiment of a concrete reinforcement grid element 1 is shown, in which case in addition to the in FIG. 3 a further fiber layer 20 diagonally extending to the first two fiber layers, formed from weft fiber bundle 2 and standing fiber bundle 12, is provided. Advantageously, this third fiber layer 20 results in a multiaxial concrete reinforcement grid element 1 which has particular stability and force absorption, for example in concrete-encased condition in precast concrete elements (not shown). In this connection, this multi-axial concrete reinforcement grid element 1 may have a cross-section, as in FIG. 5 shown. In FIG. 5 a section of a further embodiment of the concrete reinforcement grid element 1 is shown. In a first direction A, the weft fiber bundles 2 are arranged. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, two standing fiber bundles 12 are arranged parallel to one another and spaced apart from one another by binding fibers 4. Advantageously, the binding fibers 4 are formed as pile threads. It can also be seen that the weft bundles 2 have both a straight region 6 and loops 8. Advantageously, the loops 8 are formed fixedly connected to the extending in the direction B standing fiber bundles 12 on the attachment areas 10. Advantageously, further binding fibers 14 are provided to connect the weft fiber bundles 2 with the standing fiber bundles 12 at their crossing regions. Advantageously, standing fiber bundles 12 and weft bundles 2 are arranged orthogonal to one another. For improved force absorption, the weft bundles 2 arranged one above the other can have a distance from each other which decreases towards the edge. In addition, it is also conceivable to form the loops 8 such that the loop openings are formed perpendicular to the first fiber template.

In FIG. 6A a side view of a knitting machine 21 is shown, which is composed of several units. As a first unit, the knitting machine 21, the transport system 22, which has a Schussfaserführungskette 24, on the sides of a plurality of bolts 26 are arranged one behind the other in series in the transport direction T. To create the meander-shaped fiber backing of the weft bundles 2, two shot-weighing 28 are advantageously provided, which are arranged in opposite directions to each other and thus a continuous looping of the weft bundles 2 order can ensure the bolts 26 around. The weft fiber guide chain 24 moves toward the knitting head 30 in the direction of transport T, in which the knitting process takes place and standing fiber bundles 12 and binding fibers 4 are introduced into the fiber mat formed of the standing fiber bundles 2 such that the concrete reinforcement grid element 1 described here is formed. For this purpose, the knitting head 30 has a plurality of active elements (not shown).

After the knitting head 30 and with completion of the knitting process taking place there, the concrete reinforcing grid element 1 can be guided further in the transport direction T as a material web, ie away from the knitting head 30 into a subsequently arranged coating device 32 into which the surface finishing of the concrete reinforcing grid element 1 is carried out. For example, the coating device 32 is designed as a padding impregnation bath.

Subsequently, a drying unit 34 may be provided, which is designed for curing and crosslinking of the coating material. This is followed by the assembly in the further assembly unit 36.

In Figs. 7A and 7B a further embodiment of the knitting machine 21 is shown in side view and plan view. This has a modified transport system 22. This has, in addition to the weft fiber guide chain 24, a plurality of bolts 26, which are arranged in individual groups 42. Here, each bolt group 42 has a total of five bolts 26, which are arranged in a semicircle. The bolts 26 can be changed in their geometry, so that thereby the Loop geometry 8 can be formed individually. For additional increase in effectiveness, the weft fiber guide chain 24 is formed circumferentially as an endless chain, so that it can be recycled to the circuit after removal of the finished concrete reinforcement grid element 1 via a cleaning device.

Although the invention has been illustrated and explained in detail by the illustrated embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the invention is not restricted to the combinations of features given below, but other combinations and sub-combinations obviously apparent to those skilled in the art can also be formed from the individual features disclosed.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Concrete reinforcing mesh member

2

Shutes

4

binder fibers

6

straight range

8th

loops

10

fastening area

12

Standing fiber bundles

14

other binding fibers

16

defects

18

further fiber bundles

20

further fiber layer

21

knitting machine

22

transport system

24

Fill fiber transmission chain

26

bolt

28, 38

weft carriage

30

active head

32

coater

34

drying unit

36

A confection unit

42

bolt group

A

first laying direction

B

further laying direction

T

transport direction

Claims (15)

Textile concrete reinforcement grid element (1) which is formed at least by a first fiber layer and a second fiber layer,
wherein the first fiber layer is formed from at least one weft fiber bundle (2), which is laid in a meandering course in a first direction (A), and
wherein the second fiber layer is formed of a plurality of spaced apart standing fiber bundles (12) and the standing fiber bundles (12) are arranged in a direction (B) different from the first direction (A)
characterized in that
the at least one weft fiber bundle (2) of the first fiber layer is formed as laterally projecting fiber sheets (8) at least in lateral regions, each fiber sheet (8) having at least two attachment regions (10) to which the fiber sheets (8) of FIG first fiber layer fixed to outer standing fiber bundles (12) of the second fiber layer are connected. Textile concrete reinforcement grid element according to claim 1, characterized in that
the fiber sheets (8) are U-shaped and / or drop-shaped. Textile concrete reinforcement grid element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
at least one defect (16) is formed between two fiber sheets (8) of the first fiber layer arranged adjacent to one another. Textile concrete reinforcement grid element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the textile concrete reinforcement grid element (1) has at least one further, third fiber layer, which is arranged in a meandering pattern opposite the first fiber layer and the third fiber layer is formed as laterally projecting fiber arcs (8) at least in lateral areas relative to the second fiber layer, each (8th) ) Fiber sheet has at least two attachment areas at which the fiber sheets of the first fiber layer are fixedly connected to standing fiber bundles (12) of the second fiber layer. Knitting machine (21) for producing a textile concrete reinforcement grid element according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a. at least one transport system (22) with at least one weft fiber guide chain (24) for transporting the first and / or third fiber layer to one Impact head (30) towards and / or for transporting the textile concrete reinforcement grid element (1) away from the knitting head (30), the weft fiber guide chain (34) having a plurality of vertically upwardly extending bolts (26) for guiding and / fixing the at least a weft fiber bundle (2) of the first and / or third fiber layer; b. at least one weft carriage (28a) for presenting the at least one weft fiber bundle (2) as a first fiber layer in a meandering course around the bolts (26) of the weft fiber guide chain (24); c. a knitting head (30) for performing a knitting process, the knitting head (30) having a plurality of knitting elements for effecting and / or laying and / or weaving from the individual fiber layers the textile concrete reinforcement grid element (1); and d. at least one fabric removal system (40) for deducting the textile concrete reinforcement grid element (1) from the weft fiber guide chain (24). Knitting machine according to claim 5,
characterized in that
this further comprises a second weft carriage (28b) for laying a further weft fiber bundle in a meandering manner to form a third fiber layer, the two weft carriages (28a, 28b) being arranged in opposite directions. Knitting machine according to claim 6,
characterized in that
the two shot-wagons (28a, 28b) arranged on two separately formed wagon carriage guides are, both shot wagons (28a, 28b) are independent or dependent to move from each other. Knitting machine according to claim 7,
characterized in that
this in front of the fabric removal system (40) further comprises an on-line coating device (32) for refining the concrete reinforcement grid element (1). Knitting machine according to claim 8,
characterized in that
this before and / or after the fabric removal system (40) further comprises a packaging unit (36) having a drying system (34) and / or cutting system and / or a goods winding system. Knitting machine according to claim 5,
characterized in that
the transport system has at least one weft fiber guide chain (24) for transporting meandering fibrous webs and / or the textile concrete reinforcing grid element and at least one drive unit for controlling the advance speed of the weft fiber guide chain (24) in the transport direction (T), wherein the weft fiber guide chain (24) is a plurality per se vertically upwardly extending pin (46) for guiding and / or fixing the at least one weft fiber bundle (2) of the first and / or third fiber layer. Knitting machine according to claim 5 or 10,
characterized in that
the bolts (26) in diameter and / or outline changeable are formed. Knitting machine according to claim 11,
characterized in that
the diameter and / or contour change of each pin (26) is pneumatically, mechanically, electronically or hydraulically adjustable. A method of producing a textile concrete reinforcing grid element according to at least one of claims 1 to 4 made with a knitting machine according to at least one of claims 5 to 12, comprising at least the following steps: a. Presenting at least one first weft fiber bundle (2) by a first weft carriage (28a) in a meandering pattern around vertical upwardly extending pins (26) of a weft fiber guide chain (24) to form a first fiber layer; b. Fixing the meandering course of the weft fiber bundle (2) by the vertically upwardly extending, in size and / or diameter changing pin (26); c. Transport of the first fiber layer towards the knitting head (30); d. Performing a knitting process on the knitting head (30) with introduction of standing fiber bundles (12) as a second fiber layer in the transport direction (T), wherein the introduced standing fiber bundles (12) of the second fiber layer offset at a predeterminable angle to the first fiber layer are introduced such that the first fiber layer as fiber sheets (8) partially protrudes laterally beyond the second fiber layer e. Introducing binding fibers (4) through at least one base bar, which connect the two fiber layers together to form a textile concrete reinforcement grid element (1) both at points of intersection and at attachment areas (10); f. Transport of the textile Betonbewehrungsgitterelements (1) away from the knitting head (30); G. Pulling off the resulting textile Betonbewehrungsgitterelements (1) of the weft fiber guide chain (24) by means of a simple and / or double fabric removal system. Method according to claim 13,
characterized in that
In addition to the first fiber layer at the same time further, meandering weft fiber bundle (2) continues to be presented as a third fiber layer gegenlegig to the first fiber layer. Method according to claim 14,
characterized in that
before removing the textile concrete reinforcement grid element (1) from the weft fiber guide chain (24), this is finished in a coating device (32).

Images