DE102016111176A1 - Concrete reinforcement grid element, process for its production and its use - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to concrete reinforcing grid element (1), in particular for reinforcement of building materials, comprising at least one layer having a plurality of mutually spaced fiber bundles (2; 4), wherein at least a first type of fiber bundles (2) and at least one second type At least one kind of fiber bundles (2; 4) has at least one reinforcing means (10) which is designed such that it at least partially surrounds the fiber bundle (2; 4) and a method for its production ,

Description

The invention relates to a concrete reinforcement grid element, in particular for the reinforcement of building materials, a method for its production and its use.

In civil engineering, the demand for building materials, especially concrete and / or plastics is unbroken. Concrete has very high compressive strengths after setting. At the same time, however, the tensile strength is significantly reduced by the formation of pores within the set material, so that in building or in road construction reinforcing elements are needed to reduce cracking due to the low tensile strength. Known manner, this steel beams are introduced into the liquid concrete.

However, such steel beams prove in practice more than disadvantageous because they are rigid and inflexible due to their material properties. In addition, it is necessary to provide these steel reinforcements surrounded by sufficient concrete, otherwise there can be no adequate protection against corrosion. Consequently, steel concrete always requires concrete layers of high thickness and consequently high weight. However, this is no longer desirable in modern architecture.

Also known from the prior art approaches in which fiber gratings are used to reinforce stucco. This reveals that DE 694 07 359 T2 , In this case, it is proposed to wind individual fiber bundles with different spatial orientation with a loose lace yarn with a predeterminable tension. The fixation of the fiber bundles is then done with a synthetic resin. The grating element described here proves to be disadvantageous in that at too high tension of the lace yarn breaks and cracks in the fiber bundles arise, which greatly affect their stability.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a concrete reinforcing grid element which enables thinner, lighter reinforcements than known from the prior art. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a concrete reinforcement grid element, which is itself formed changeable in its shape and which has improved bonding properties to the material to be reinforced. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for gently fixing the fiber bundles of the concrete reinforcing grid element, in which the fracture formation of the individual fibers is avoided.

This object is achieved according to the features of claim 1 and the independent claim 8.

According to the invention, the plastic-coated concrete reinforcement grid element described here has at least one layer which has a plurality of fiber bundles arranged at a distance from one another, wherein at least one first type of fiber bundles and at least one second type of fiber bundles span the layer and the fiber bundles of the first type and the fiber bundles of the second type are arranged to each other in the angular range of 0 ° to 180 °, and wherein at least one type of fiber bundles comprises at least one reinforcing means, which is designed such that it at least partially surrounds the fiber bundle.

Fiber bundles are advantageously to be understood as meaning at least one fiber, but more preferably a multiplicity of individual fibers, which are chemically and / or physically at least partially formed differently.

Furthermore, the concrete reinforcement grid element has a plurality of fiber bundles of at least two types. Of course, this is not meant to be limiting, so that three, four, five or more different types of fiber bundles can be used to clamp the concrete reinforcement grid element.

In this case, "type" is advantageously to be understood as meaning at least one distinguishing feature in which the fiber bundles differ from one another. For example, "type" may be a different chemical composition of the fiber bundles and / or the fiber bundles may have different physical properties, such as material thickness, fiber thickness, diameter of the fiber bundles, elasticity properties, modulus of strength or the like.

In addition, different types of fiber bundles can also be designed such that the fiber bundles are similar in their chemical and / or physical properties, but are registered differently in the concrete reinforcement grid element. Thus, for example, a first type of fiber bundles can be presented as warp threads. The fiber bundles of the second type, which have the same chemical composition as the first type, are traded as weft threads, advantageously at a predeterminable angle to the warp threads, and together with the warp threads form a layer of the concrete reinforcing grid element. Both types of fiber bundles are interconnected and cohesive in intersections, also referred to as bonds. In the simplest case, the warp threads (fiber bundles first Art) with the weft threads (fiber bundles of the second kind) formed schlauft, so that the weft threads at least partially schlauft the warp threads in the crossing sections and engage under and / or interwoven with these in the crossing sections.

Between the fiber bundles pass through openings.

Advantageously, the fiber bundles of the same and / or different nature are regularly spaced apart, advantageously in the range of 0.5 cm to 50 cm, more advantageously in the range of 1 cm to 8 cm. This distance of the fiber bundles from one another corresponds essentially to the edge length of the passage openings. This is advantageous because through these passage openings, the liquid, to be reinforced material, such as concrete, cement or plastic, can flow through and connects very well with the Betonbewehrungsgitterelement. The arrangement of the fiber bundles is of course not restrictive.

In addition, the individual fiber bundles as well as the layers themselves have a very low weight. This is particularly advantageous in lightweight construction and in modern architecture, where narrow walls of concrete and / or plastics are desired.

The orientation of the individual fibers in a fiber bundle is essentially, advantageously completely, parallel to one another.

Further advantageously, a fiber bundle comprises a number of fibers in the range of 1 to 500,000 fibers, advantageously 5 to 100,000 fibers, more preferably 50 to 10,000 fibers.

In addition, the at least one layer, which is spanned by the fiber bundles, elastic and / or flexible and / or flexible, so that even complex concrete and / or plastic structures, such as curves, ball geometries or polygonal body with less material use in clearly Thinner and lighter design than in reinforced concrete can be easily realized.

Due to the advantageous lightweight and / or thin and / or flexible design of concrete reinforcement grid element, it is possible to bring this also near the surface in the concrete or plastic, for example, as a reinforcement or insulation. As a result, concrete material, cement material or plastic material for potting can be saved again. The costs are reduced while at the same time increased safety and significantly simplified processing. Thus, the concrete reinforcement grid element described here is designed such that it can be cut to size manually on site at the construction site or in production without great effort. This can be done, for example, with a pair of pliers or scissors. It has proven particularly advantageous to reinforce a concrete element, for example for building walls or floors or ceilings, with the concrete reinforcement grid element described here, wherein the concrete reinforcement grid element is arranged in the lower third of the concrete element, that is, starting from its surface.

This is advantageous for the far-reaching use of the invention described here, for example in concrete for bending reinforcement in the tension zone with predominantly static load or even dynamic load and / or in plastics in the automotive industry.

Since, in particular in the concrete and / or plastic reinforcement often large areas, such as building walls or bridge piers must be reinforced, a variety of flexible and / or flexible concrete reinforcement grid elements are necessary. These advantageously allow lightweight and thin components, which are nevertheless sufficiently reinforced to comply with current building codes.

Furthermore, the concrete reinforcement grid element is formed with at least one plastic coating. On the one hand, this causes the fibers of the fiber bundles to be completely juxtaposed in their longitudinal extent. In particular, by applying at least one coating to the fiber bundle and / or the fiber bundles of different types, the cohesion of the fibers with each other and each other is significantly enhanced and the reinforcement properties are designed for load transfer in the later concrete or cement component. This creates a reinforced concrete reinforcement grid element with at least one plastic coating.

The coating is formed, for example, as a sheath, which advantageously completely encloses the individual fibers and / or the respective fiber bundle and thus (s) permanently holds them together as a composite. Alternatively, a complete, homogeneous impregnation of the fiber bundles is conceivable. The coated fiber bundle has a core-sheath structure, wherein the core may be composed of one or a plurality of fibers, for example as monofilament or multifilament. In particular, the at least one polymer coating is advantageous, since thus the corrosion resistance of the fibers can be significantly increased. If the polymer coating is formed as an alkali-resistant coating, then this is particularly the case in the Concrete reinforcement of advantage, as a result, the coated fibers and / or fiber bundles are not attacked by the alkaline concrete and remain corrosion-free. This means increased stability of the reinforced component and longer life of the reinforcement.

At the same time, it is conceivable that the core-shell structure makes it possible to retain the original fiber properties, in particular their flexibility and / or flexibility. Thus, a single layer of a concrete reinforcing grid element described here, in spite of the multiplicity of plastic-coated fiber bundles, continues to be at least partially twistable and / or at least partially flexible and / or at least partially flexible, so that this already represents a clear advantage over known reinforced concrete reinforcements.

Advantageously, the coat-like coating that the individual fibers are formed insoluble together as a fiber bundle, so that, for example, no single fiber can be removed from the fiber bundle. This serves to additionally stabilize the concrete reinforcement grid element.

Of course, the alkali resistance is not limiting, so that other polymer coatings can be applied to, for example, the thermal and / or electrical conductivity, the UV resistance in at least partially translucent materials or the like. increase and / or improve the fire protection properties.

The fiber bundles of the first type and the fiber bundles of the second type are arranged to each other in the angular range of 0 ° to 180 °. The fiber bundles comprising the concrete reinforcing grid element are arranged at predeterminable angles relative to one another. In the simplest case, the first type of fiber bundles, which are introduced as warp threads, perpendicular to the second type of fiber bundles, which are introduced as weft threads in the concrete reinforcing grid element, arranged so that the angle between the mutually perpendicular fiber bundles are 90 °.

It has also proved to be advantageous, in particular in concrete and / or resin and / or plastics to be reinforced as material to arrange the fiber bundles to each other in different angles from 90 °. As a result, a significantly increased lattice stability and reinforcement stability can be achieved. For this purpose, the fiber bundles are arranged multiaxially within the position of the concrete reinforcement grid element, so that the fiber bundles span different geometric shapes with one another, such as diamonds, triangles or other polygonal structures. Thus, it is conceivable that the fiber bundles of different types are arranged at an angle of 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 120 °, 135 ° or even 160 ° to each other. If additional types of fiber bundles are furthermore provided, for example a further type, then this further third type can likewise be entered as weft threads, but differ in their chemical composition from the two other types of fiber bundles. If the fiber bundles of the first and second types are arranged perpendicular to one another, the third type of fiber bundles can advantageously be inscribed at an angle of 45 ° and / or 60 °, so that triangular passage openings and a star-shaped concrete reinforcement grid element are required.

Particularly advantageous initially, the arrangement of the individual fiber bundles together, to subsequently enter the reinforcing means. However, this is not limiting, so that it is also possible to use already wound with the reinforcing fiber bundles. The concrete reinforcement grid element described here is consequently easy and inexpensive to produce and has a significantly increased tensile strength and a significantly increased surface area. In particular, by the surface enlargement can be dispensed with additional adhesion promoter between Betonbewehrungsgitterelement and to be reinforced material. The use of concrete reinforcement grid element for reinforcing concrete and / or resin and / or plastic is thus free of adhesive.

Furthermore, the concrete reinforcing grid element according to the invention has at least one reinforcing means, which is designed as a fiber and / or fiber bundles. This at least one reinforcement means is arranged such that it at least partially surrounds at least one type of fiber bundles. This is advantageous since it introduces an additional structural increase in the sense of a surface roughness. This surface roughness increases the surface area of the corresponding fiber bundle. The reinforcing means is thus designed such that it increases the surface of the at least partially wound fiber bundle. This is clearly advantageous, since in this way the fiber pullout is increased from the fiber bundle.

In addition, the adhesion properties between the concrete reinforcement grid element and the material to be reinforced, such as, for example, concrete and / or cement, are significantly improved by the additional surface and / or surface structure, so that higher force absorption in the reinforced component can be achieved with simultaneous material savings.

In addition, the reinforcing means is also designed as a reinforcing element. As a result of the at least partial wrapping of a single fiber bundle, the reinforcing means holds the individual fibers together in a compact form, so that the tear strength of the individual fibers and / or fiber bundles and / or rovings is significantly increased. This is also the core idea of the present invention. Surprisingly, it has proved to be advantageous to form the reinforcing means formed as a fiber and / or fiber bundle at least partially, advantageously completely, in a shrunken state.

First, the formation of the reinforcing means as at least one fiber is advantageous because it ensures easy processing. The fiber is variable in diameter. Advantageously, fibers have proven with a nominal diameter in the range of 0.5 microns to 5 mm.

Furthermore, the reinforcing means may also comprise a plurality of fibers which are not formed fixedly connected to each other and behave loosely to each other. This is advantageous if in particular the tear strength is to be improved. It is conceivable that the individual fibers are wrapped in a process step together around the corresponding fiber bundle, for example, lying side by side or at least partially overlapping each other.

Furthermore, it is also conceivable, the fibers of the reinforcing means twisted together, intertwined or otherwise connected together form. As a result, an additional increase in Sturktur in the concrete reinforcement grid element is introduced and at the same time the tensile strength increased significantly.

Fibers of the reinforcing means and / or the fiber bundles here are to be understood to mean all structures which are significantly longer in their longitudinal extent than in their diameter and have, for example, a length to diameter ratio in the range from 500: 1 to 50,000: 1. Advantageously, the fibers of the reinforcement and / or the fiber bundles are filaments and / or staple fibers.

Furthermore, the fibers formed as reinforcing agents are natural fibers and / or man-made fibers.

By natural fibers are meant, for example, vegetable fibers, such as sisal hard fibers or coconut fibers, and / or inorganic, mineral fibers, such as glass fibers or wollastonite fibers.

Man-made fibers are understood to mean all man-made fibers, such as fibers of natural polymers, synthetic polymers or industrially produced fibers. Fibers made of natural polymers can be, for example, cellulose fibers, polylactide fibers or also acetate fibers. Fibers of synthetic polymers can be understood as meaning, for example, fibers of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride and / or a mixture thereof.

Industrially produced fibers may advantageously be glass fibers, carbon fibers or even ceramic fibers, such as aluminum oxides or silicon carbide. The fibers used as reinforcing means are characterized in that they are elastic and can be wound around the fiber bundles without breakage, advantageously under a predeterminable tensile stress. Furthermore, the fibers are characterized by the fact that they are processed by spinning machines. This is advantageous for a simple and cost-effective production of the concrete reinforcement grid element.

Furthermore, it is also conceivable to form the reinforcing means as a yarn. This is advantageous because in the yarn, the individual fibers are already interacting with each other and the winding can also be done in one process step. The yarns used here can be designed as single yarns, plied yarns, twisted yarns or else as core yarns, the respective yarn having a multiplicity of individual fibers. For the material selection of the yarn material, the above statements of the fiber material apply analogously.

Under "shrunk" is advantageous to understand the shortening of the reinforcing means in its longitudinal extent and / or transverse extent. The reinforcement thus contracts so that it shortens. Particularly advantageously, the shrinkage is carried out in a controlled manner during the production process of the concrete reinforcing grid element. Umwindegarne are known in the prior art, in which the Umwindegarn is wound around a fiber bundle. In this fixation of the Umwindegarns usually too high a force is exerted on the fiber bundle to be wrapped, which is too large for the fibers of the fiber bundle in most cases and thus break them. This leads to a significantly reduced performance of the fiber bundle and to a loss of the reinforcement properties of the entire concrete reinforcement grid element.

If the reinforcing means is designed as a shrinkable Umwindebewehrungsmittel, so its fixation on the corresponding fiber bundle will initially be loose. Only with controlled acting on the outside, For example, by temperature change, pH change, ultrasound, UV radiation or microwave radiation, the reinforcing means is changed in its longitudinal extent and / or transverse extent, advantageously shrunk. As a result, a predeterminable and controlled application of force is exerted on the wound fiber bundle in the binding region and precisely avoids the fracture of the fiber bundle known from the prior art, since the reinforcing material shrinks slowly and uniformly over its entire longitudinal extent. So it will be avoided short, strong Kraftbeaufschlagungen the wound fiber bundles. Consequently, the fibers of the corresponding wound fiber bundle are slowly and uniformly moved toward one another and fixed by the controlled shrinkage of the reinforcing means. Further, during shrinkage, the shrunk reinforcing means allows a wide distribution of force along the entire fiber bundle, thereby also preventing fractures.

As a result of the shrinkage of the reinforcing means, its longitudinal extension and / or diameter changes at least in sections, so that the initially loose reinforcing material is controlled, slowly and uniformly conforming to the fiber bundle and fixing the individual fibers as a fiber bundle.

A shrinkage behavior of the reinforcing agent has proven particularly advantageous if it contains at least polypropylene and / or polyethylene. In this case, a shrinkage behavior in the range of 5 to 75%, more advantageously in the range of 50% to 65%, more advantageously of 60% is advantageous. This is chosen by a time interval of up to 0.1 min to 10 min and a temporal temperature of between 60 ° C and 250 °, more preferably from 100 ° C to 175 ° C. The temperature can be constant over the time interval, change linearly or take a course of a ramp. This depends on the size of the concrete reinforcement grid element and its fiber bundles. Also, that depends on the chosen fiber of the reinforcement.

In addition, it has also proved to be advantageous to form the preshrunk the at least one fiber and / or the fiber bundle of the reinforcement and to use preshrunk. In this case, the reinforcing agent is already applied before the winding of the fiber bundles with a temperature in the range of 60 ° C to 250 ° C, more preferably from 100 ° C to 175 ° C. By this pre-shrinking properties, the wrap-around properties of the enhancer are improved, whereby fractures of the fiber bundles are also avoided.

In a further embodiment, however, it is also conceivable that the fiber bundles of the concrete reinforcing grid element are only loosely wound with the reinforcing means, and thus initially the grid structure of the concrete reinforcing grid element is formed. Shrinking takes place in this alternative only after application of the plastic coating, namely during their drying or curing. Thus, two process steps can be summarized advantageous.

Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the reinforcing means is designed such that it encloses the respective fiber bundle in at least two windings, which are arranged spaced apart in the longitudinal extension of the fiber. This is advantageous because it causes the fiber bundle to undergo force application from the outside. The reinforcing agent advantageously acts on the fiber bundle by the controlled shrinkage with a tensile force and keeps it in shape and stability. This is done by the controlled shrinkage of the reinforcement during the manufacturing process of the concrete reinforcement grid element. Depending on the design, the loose fibers of the fiber bundle are aligned and form common contact surfaces with each other. Particularly advantageously, the fibers of the fiber bundle are then arranged substantially parallel to one another.

In another embodiment, however, it is also conceivable that the initially loose fibers of the corresponding fiber bundle are supplied to one another by the shrinkage process of the reinforcing means and the application of force is so great that it comes to controlled constrictions of the fiber bundle. Thus, the fiber bundle has a corrugated surface shape. This significantly improves the adhesive properties of the concrete reinforcement grid element with the material to be reinforced, for example in matrices bonded in cementitious and / or non-cementitious manner. "Controlled" is to be understood advantageously a uniform force input, which is designed so low that fiber breaks are avoided in the wound with the reinforcing fiber bundles. This uniform application of force takes place by means of predetermined time and temperature values.

It has proven advantageous to provide the number of turns of reinforcement around the corresponding fiber bundle in the range of 2 to 10,000 turns per running meter of concrete reinforcement grid element, more preferably in the range of 100 to 750 turns per running meter of concrete reinforcement grid element. The Wraps can be both symmetrical and repeat at regular intervals.

Furthermore, it is also conceivable to arrange the reinforcing means in different Umwindungsabständen to each other. If the concrete reinforcement grid element is to be designed to be tear-resistant as well as with an enlarged surface due to structural requirements in a predeterminable section, it is conceivable to provide a larger number of turns in this section, which then have a smaller distance from one another than in the adjoining sections of the section concrete reinforcing mesh member. Advantageously, one turn corresponds to the circumference of the fiber bundle.

In the simplest case, at least one type of fiber bundles is at least partially wound with a reinforcing means. This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that it is also conceivable that, for example, all fiber bundles with at least one and / or several reinforcing means (s) are at least partially wound.

It is also conceivable that the different types of fiber bundles are formed at least partially wound with different reinforcing means. For example, the first type of fiber bundles could be at least partially wound with a reinforcement of a plurality of loose polymer fibers having a small nominal diameter, whereas the second type of fiber bundles would be textured yarn reinforcement having an increased nominal diameter compared to the individual fibers are formed at least partially wound. Thus, it is advantageously possible that the concrete reinforcement grid element has the properties necessary for the construction technology targeted and reliable.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the reinforcing means surrounds the respective fiber bundle at least partially helically. This Umwicklungsart is advantageous because this is a uniform Zugkraftbeaufschlagungsverteilung on the fibers of the fiber bundles during shrinkage, so that they suffer no bruising or fractures and at the same time the tensile strength is significantly increased. Furthermore, this particular tangles of the fiber bundles are avoided, as they occur when the reinforcing means is wound with too much force to the individual fiber bundles. Due to the helical arrangement and the subsequent shrinkage of the reinforcing means, advantageously thermally, the entire wound fiber bundle experiences at the same time in all Umwindungsbereichen a force application, which leads the fiber towards each other and fixed to each other. This is a possible execution.

In addition, it is also conceivable to form the wrap in other geometric shapes, such as in a zig-zag turn, this zig-zag turn may be formed by one or more reinforcing means. The effect of uniform shrinkage and thus also uniform introduction of force in the corresponding fiber bundle is ensured with other Umwindungsformen.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one fiber or the fiber bundle of the reinforcing means is formed thermally shrunk. The thermal treatment of the reinforcing means and / or the fiber bundle and / or the concrete reinforcement grid element is particularly gentle and allows the slow and uniform merging of the individual fibers of the fiber bundles and their fixation as a fiber bundle. To be particularly advantageous, it has been found to form the thermal loading in the form of a temperature increase. This can be done as a function of time constant, linear increasing or even in at least one ramp. Regions for thermal application of 60 ° C. to 250 ° C. and more preferably of 100 ° C. to 175 ° C. have proved to be particularly advantageous. Advantageous time intervals for this are ranges from 0.1 min to 10 min and more advantageously from 0.2 min to 0.5 min.

Alternatively, it is also conceivable to form the acting temperature in the form of a ramp so that two linear rises over a plateau, ie a constant temperature at a longer time interval, are connected to one another.

In addition to the thermal treatment, it has also proven to be advantageous to apply the concrete reinforcement grid element with ultrasound, advantageously in the range of 25 to 42 kHz, during and / or after the application of the plastic coating. Due to the amount of water contained in the plastic coating, the ultrasound is particularly effective and also requires a controlled shrinkage of the reinforcing agent. Pulse-like sequences of the ultrasonic waves have proven to be particularly advantageous since, as a result, energy is introduced into the coated concrete reinforcing grid element in order to heat the reinforcing means so that it shrinks again. After the controlled uniform shrinkage process of the reinforcement means, further pulses can be used to cure the plastic coating.

Polypropylene and / or polyethylene have proved to be particularly advantageous as fibers of the reinforcing agent both for thermal and for ultrasound application.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one fiber or the fiber bundle of the reinforcing means has fanned-out sections. These fanned-out sections are the result of deliberately controlled thermal shrinkage of the reinforcement. This is advantageously made possible by the nature of the reinforcing means in thermal or ultrasonic exposure.

If the reinforcing means is formed as a single fiber, it has proved to be advantageous to form the fiber from a block copolymer. As a result, a single fiber has areas with different physical and / or chemical properties. In the simplest case, the fiber of the reinforcing agent is made of polypropylene-polyethylene copolymer, wherein the proportions (PP: PE) are formed in the ratio of 10:90% by weight to 25:75% by weight.

By thermal loading of this fiber, the polyethylene content will first contract. The fiber shrinks and shortens in its longitudinal extent. Only with further temperature increase, for example after a constant temperature plateau for several minutes, the polypropylene sections shorten and the fiber continues to contract. During shrinkage, the polypropylene regions of the fiber contract in such a way that a significant increase in the transverse extent of the fiber results and fan-shaped surface portions form. These fan-like surface sections encompass the fiber bundle to be reinforced and guide its fibers toward one another and ultimately fix them.

The force applied to the fiber bundle during shrinking is distributed over a large area by the fanned surface sections and dissipated over the entire fiber bundle, since a large contact surface is formed between the reinforcing means and the fiber bundle. Thus, damage and breakage of the fiber bundle are avoided.

If the reinforcing means is formed as a fiber bundle, then it has also proved to be advantageous to provide pure polypropylene fibers which also shrink evenly when exposed to temperature, at least in their longitudinal extent.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the multiplicity of fiber bundles are made of high-performance fibers, for example of glass fibers and / or carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers and / or basalt fibers. Advantageously, the concrete reinforcing grid element described here comprises fibers from the group of mineral fibers such as glass fibers, wollastonite fibers, carbon fibers, polymer fibers, aramid fibers, basalt fibers, bast fibers such as bamboo fibers, hard fibers such as sisal fibers, (non) oxidic ceramic fibers such as aluminum oxides, silicon carbide and / or a combination of these.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the reinforcement is formed surface-modified. This surface modification is done physically and / or chemically. Thus, the surface of the reinforcing means may be formed mechanically roughened so as to increase the adhesion to the material to be reinforced. It is also conceivable that the individual fibers and / or the yarn which form the reinforcement itself are surface-modified, for example roughened or coated, are formed. In addition to the roughening is also advantageous to chemically modify the surface of the reinforcing agent, for example, with plasma exposure, so as to improve the adhesion to the material to be reinforced.

• a. Eintragung der Fasern zur Ausbildung von Faserbündeln;
• b. Zumindest teilweise Umwindung einer vorbestimmbaren Anzahl und/oder Art an Faserbündeln mit wenigstens einem Bewehrungsmittel;
• c. Ausbildung eines Betonbewehrungsgitterelements durch Eintragung einer ersten Art an Faserbündeln als Kettfäden und wenigstens einer zweiten Art an Faserbündeln als Schussfäden zum Ausbilden einer Lage; und
• d. Zumindest teilweise Beschichtung der einzelnen Faserbündel zum Fixieren der einzelnen Fasern der Faserbündel aneinander, wobei zwischen Schritt a. und b. die Faserbündel und/oder zwischen Schritt c. und d. und/oder während des Schrittes d. das Betonbewehrungsgitterelement mit einer kontrollierten Temperaturänderung beaufschlagt werden/wird.

Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a method for producing a concrete reinforcement grid element, comprising at least the following steps:

• a. Registration of the fibers to form fiber bundles;
• b. At least partially, a predeterminable number and / or type of fiber bundles having at least one reinforcing means;
• c. Forming a concrete reinforcement grid element by recording a first type of fiber bundles as warp threads and at least a second type of fiber bundles as weft threads for forming a layer; and
• d. At least partially coating the individual fiber bundles for fixing the individual fibers of the fiber bundles to each other, wherein between step a. and b. the fiber bundles and / or between step c. and d. and / or during step d. the concrete reinforcement grid element is / are subjected to a controlled temperature change.

In the production method described here, it is conceivable that in the first step a. the fibers are individually registered in manufacturing plant and / or but also that all fibers which form a fiber bundle, are registered at the same time in the system. Advantageously, these first fiber bundles are formed as warp threads.

In a further method step b. is at least a predeterminable number and / or Art wound on fiber bundles with at least one reinforcing agent at least partially. The reinforcing means can be wound around the fiber bundles several times depending on the requirements. The more turns are provided, the greater the structuring of the surface and the higher the surface enlargement of the concrete reinforcement grid element and the better the adhesive properties of the material to be reinforced. But it is also conceivable to use already finished wound fiber bundles.

In a further method step c. are warp and weft threads, so the different types of fiber bundles entered. These are connected to one another in intersection sections, for example by a hitch, and thus form the concrete reinforcement grid element.

But it is also conceivable that warp threads and weft threads are alternately entered sequentially. Advantageously, the fibers of the registered fiber bundles in step a. and / or c. still loose and without firm connection with each other.

In the subsequent coating step d. For example, the fiber bundles which form the concrete reinforcing grid element are at least partially, advantageously completely coated, so that the coating material advantageously completely encloses the fiber bundles and encloses the individual fibers. This step is advantageous in the use of concrete reinforcement grid element for concrete reinforcement, for example, to coat glass fibers and / or carbon fibers so that their alkali resistance is increased. In the simplest case, the coating step takes place by means of dip coating and / or spray coating and / or pressure coating.

To start the shrinking process, it is initially conceivable between step a. and b. to apply the controlled with the reinforcing fiber bundles with a controlled, predeterminable increase in temperature. This can be done, for example, by a heating area, which the fiber bundles pass through before laying to the concrete reinforcement grid element. As a result, the reinforcing means shrinks, as already described above and firmly embraces the fiber bundles, but without damaging them. The concrete reinforcement grid element is thus laid out from already fixed and stabilized fiber bundles and processed further.

Alternatively or additionally, the shrinking process between step c is also conceivable. and d. so that the laid concrete reinforcement grid element is subjected to a controlled temperature change. The only loosely held together fiber bundles are thus controlled thermally shrunk in the finished state of Betonbewehrungsgitterelements. This serves for additional stabilization.

After the coating step d. joins a drying step, in which the coating, which is advantageously made of plastic, polymerized and cured. In particular, the drying step allows a summary of process steps, namely the curing of the plastic coating and the shrinkage of the reinforcing agent. In this case, the energy required for curing the plastic is provided by the drying process. This energy input into the concrete reinforcement grid element in the form of a temperature application, advantageously a temperature increase, is more than sufficient to simultaneously shrink the hitherto still loosely arranged reinforcement means. Since the reinforcing agent occupies a significantly lower percentage by weight than the plastic coating, the reinforcing fiber advantageously made of polypropylene and / or polyethylene reacts much faster to the effect of temperature and shrinks, while the aqueous polymer dispersion of the plastic coating in the vicinity of the reinforcing agent is still uncrosslinked. Thus, first, the shrinkage of the reinforcing fiber to fix the fibers of the fiber bundles, before the plastic coating cures completely. Defects and air-filled areas are thus successfully avoided.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that after and / or during the curing of the polymer coating, further reinforcement means are introduced in order to rewind the plastic-coated fiber bundle of the concrete reinforcement grid element. In this case, for example, the not yet fully cured coating experiences a force applied by the winding. The reinforcing agent is predeterminably introduced into the coating, depending on the application of force and / or degree of hardening. This requires a further advantageous composite, since the reinforcing means undergoes an additional fixation. In the cured state of the coating, it has proven to be advantageous if the reinforcing material protrudes from the coating with 5 to 90% of its nominal diameter. This means that the reinforcing means is arranged at 5 to 90% of its nominal diameter within the coating or is enclosed by this and is fixed thereby. The supernatant of the reinforcement continues to be sufficient for surface structuring and adhesion improvement.

Furthermore, it is conceivable to provide a further optional, advantageous method step, according to which the reinforcing means and the Reinforcement be at least partially, advantageously completely coated to improve their alkali resistance or other material properties and to increase the life. However, here it is always ensured that the thickness of the coating formed less than the projection of the reinforcing agent, so that the structured surface is maintained. Thus, the concrete reinforcement grid element described here has a double plastic coating.

Furthermore, advantageously, the temperature ramp is driven in a range of 60 to 250 ° C in a time interval of 0.1 to 10 min.

In addition, it has proved to be particularly advantageous, the concrete reinforcement grid elements described here as a reinforcing element and / or as a reinforcing element and / or as a damping element and / or lightweight element for concrete and / or resin and / or matrices with low tensile strength and / or for the automotive industry and / or furniture industry and / or civil engineering and / or in shipbuilding and / or sports, for example, in a ski body for reinforcement to use.

Advantages and expediencies can be found in the following description in conjunction with the drawing. Hereby show:

1a a schematic view of a concrete reinforcing grid element according to the invention;

1b c shows schematic sectional views of an embodiment of a fiber bundle with reinforcing means of the concrete reinforcing grid element before and after shrinking;

2 a schematic cross section of a fiber bundle;

3 a schematic cross section of another fiber bundle;

4 a schematic representation of a fiber bundle with reinforcement;

5 a schematic cross section of a reinforcing means;

6 a further schematic representation of a fiber bundle with reinforcing agent;

7 a further schematic representation of a fiber bundle with reinforcing agent;

8th a schematic sectional view of a fiber bundle with reinforcement;

9 a further schematic sectional view of a fiber bundle with reinforcement;

10 a representation of another concrete reinforcement grid element; and

11 a representation of another concrete reinforcement grid element.

In 1a is a concrete reinforcement grid element 1 shown its location of a first type of fiber bundles 2 , which are formed as warp threads, and a second type of fiber bundles 4 which are formed as weft threads. The second type of fiber bundles is entered perpendicular to the fiber bundles of the first type, so that rectangular through holes 6 form. These passages 6 are advantageous because it can pass through the liquid to be reinforced material through this and can connect with the concrete reinforcing grid element as possible. In this example, the passage openings are formed square. This is not to be understood as limiting. The shape of the passage openings 6 is depending on the entry of the fiber bundles of the second kind. The fiber bundles of the first and second kind 2 . 4 are at the intersection sections 8th connected together, for example, Schlauft. This results in a stable and durable grid structure.

For additional stability increase both types of fiber bundles reinforcing means 10 on. The reinforcement 10 , which are formed as at least one fiber and / or as yarn, wind around the respective fiber bundles 2 . 4 helically. This gives the fiber bundles additional stability and tear resistance. Furthermore, the winding of the fiber bundles increases 2 . 4 with the reinforcement 10 their surface, so that the material to be reinforced can adhere better and an improved bond between fiber bundles 2 . 4 , so concrete reinforcement grid element 1 , and to be reinforced material.

In 1b a first embodiment is shown. The schematic sectional view illustrated here discloses, by way of example, a fiber bundle 2 . 4 , which contains a thermally modifiable reinforcing agent 10 is wound. The reinforcement 10 in this case is itself formed as a fiber bundle of polypropylene and / or polyethylene. The reinforcement 10 loosely wraps around the fiber bundle 2 . 4 ,

Will now the wound fiber bundle 2 . 4 alone or in installed condition in concrete reinforcement grid element 1 subjected to a temperature increase, the reinforcing agent shrinks 10 advantageous in its longitudinal extent and contracts ( 1c ). The fibers of the fiber bundle 2 . 4 are not changed by the temperature. By this contraction of the reinforcement 10 , at the same time become the fibers of the fiber bundle 2 . 4 pulled together and transferred from the loose state to a fixed state. As the temperature is applied to the entire reinforcing agent 10 At the same time, the shrinking process is thus controlled evenly. Tangles of the fiber bundle 2 . 4 are therefore completely avoided. Furthermore, the shrinking process, ie in particular how fast the reinforcing agent 10 contracting and to what extent the contraction takes place, controllable and controllable via the applied temperature. In the present case, it is advantageous to the reinforcement 10 slowly shrink, since thus breaks the fibers of the fiber bundle 2 . 4 completely avoided. Under slow advantageous time intervals of up to 10 minutes to understand. Favorable temperatures are in the range of 60 ° C to 175 ° C.

2 shows a cross section of a fiber bundle 2 . 4 , The fiber bundle is made up of a plurality of individual fibers 12 educated. These are in a coating step with at least one coating 14 , advantageously a polymer coating, more preferably coated with an alkali-resistant polymer coating. The coating 14 , applied by dip coating for example, encloses the individual fibers 12 and also arranges between the fibers 12 at. Thus, a high corrosion resistance is ensured. The coating 14 encloses the core of the internal fibers 12 shell or coat-like. The coating 14 is formed so as to form a continuous surface and all fibers 12 covered.

In 3 is a similar cross section of a fiber bundle 2 . 4 shown, where here the spaces 16 between the inner fibers 12 free of coating material of the coating 14 are. The coating 14 spans only the outer fibers as a coat 12 ,

In 4 will now be a schematic representation of a coated fiber bundle 2 . 4 shown which with a reinforcement 10 helically wound. The respective turns around the fiber bundles 2 . 4 in the longitudinal direction D are formed at a regular distance from each other.

5 shows a cross section of a reinforcement 10 , The at least one fiber and / or the plurality of fibers may have a smooth, planar surface structure (not shown). But it is also possible to modify the surface structure of the fibers before winding or use these already modified. So it is conceivable that the surface structure, as in 5 shown, roughened and uneven. As a result, the adhesive properties of the material to be reinforced are further improved. At the same time, the surface modifications of the reinforcement are 10 low enough that it does not adversely affect its tensile strength.

6 shows a further schematic view of a fiber bundle 2 . 4 , In this embodiment, the coated fiber bundle 2 . 4 with a reinforcing agent 10 irregularly wound. The respective turns around the fiber bundles 2 . 4 in the longitudinal direction are formed at a distance E and F to each other. The distances E and F are different sizes. It is also possible that not only one reinforcing agent, but several reinforcing agents 10 . 11 be used to achieve the different winding requirements. In 7 is another embodiment of a coated fiber bundle 2 . 4 shown. Here is the reinforcement 10 and / or the reinforcing means 10 . 11 in a zigzag twist around the fiber bundles 2 . 4 wrapped. This gives additional tear strength and also a surface enlargement.

For improved illustration, see 8th a cross section of a fiber bundle 2 . 4 shown. The core formed, internal fibers 12 be from the coating 14 enclosed. On this coating 14 after hardening, the reinforcing agent 10 applied and the fiber bundle 2 . 4 at least partially wound. After the coating has already hardened or thoroughly polymerized, the reinforcing agent lies 10 on the surface of the coating 14 on. If now a more durable adhesive bond to be formed, it has proved to be advantageous, the reinforcing agent 10 in the not yet fully cured coating material 10 contribute. This is in 9 shown. By the winding of the fiber bundle 2 . 4 learns the only partially polymerized coating 14 a force application and the reinforcement 10 is at least partially in the coating 14 introduced. Afterwards the coating hardens 14 completely off and the rebar 10 remains within a predeterminable depth within the coating 14 and at the same time survives this in a predeterminable way. In 9 is shown that the reinforcing agent to one third of its nominal diameter in the coating 14 is arranged and survives with two-thirds this. Thus, both a surface structuring of the fiber bundles 2 . 4 as well as a fixation of the reinforcement 10 allows.

In 10 and 11 are further advantageous concrete reinforcement grid elements 1 shown. This in 10 illustrated concrete reinforcement grid element 1 has a total of three types of fiber bundles 2 . 4 . 18 on. The fiber bundles of the third kind 18 are related registered on the fiber bundles of the first type at an angle α of 45 °. Advantageously, the registration is done regularly. In 11 is in addition to the in 10 shown fiber bundles 2 . 4 . 18 another fourth kind of fiber bundles 20 entered at an angle β of 45 °. This results in a star-shaped concrete reinforcement grid element 1 , The concrete reinforcement grid element 1 is thus trained multiaxially within the situation. In both 10 and 11 it is conceivable that the fiber bundles 2 . 4 . 18 . 20 can be made of the same material or of different material. Also, it is not mandatory that all fiber bundles 2 . 4 . 18 . 20 with the reinforcement 10 are wounded, but it is beneficial for bonding and stability.

All disclosed in the application documents features are claimed as essential to the invention, provided they are new individually or in combination over the prior art.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 Concrete reinforcing mesh member

2

 Fiber bundles of the first kind

4

 Fiber bundles of the second kind

6

 Port

8th

 crossing sections

10

 reinforcement means

11

 further reinforcement

12

 fiber

14

 coating

16

 interspaces

18

 Fiber bundles of the third kind

20

 Fiber bundles of the fourth kind

D, E, F

 Distance turns

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 69407359 T2 [0004]

Claims (10)

Plastic coated concrete reinforcement grid element ( 1 ) comprising at least one layer which has a multiplicity of mutually spaced-apart fiber bundles ( 2 ; 4 ), wherein at least one first type of fiber bundles ( 2 ) and at least one second type of fiber bundles ( 4 ) spanning the layer and the fiber bundles of the first kind ( 2 ) and the fiber bundles of the second type ( 4 ) are arranged to each other in the angular range of 0 ° to 180 °, wherein at least one type of fiber bundles ( 2 ; 4 ) at least one reinforcing agent ( 10 ), which is designed such that it the fiber bundle ( 2 ; 4 ) at least partially surrounds, characterized in that the reinforcing means ( 10 ) is formed as at least one shrunk fiber or as at least one at least partially shrunk fiber bundle. Concrete reinforcing grid element according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing means ( 10 ) is formed such that it the respective fiber bundle ( 2 ; 4 ) in at least two turns, which in the longitudinal extent of the fiber bundles ( 2 ; 4 ) are spaced apart, encloses. Concrete reinforcing grid element according to claim 2, characterized in that the reinforcing means ( 10 ) the respective fiber bundle ( 2 ; 4 ) encloses helically. Concrete reinforcing grid element according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one fiber or the fiber bundle of the reinforcing means ( 10 ) has shrunk thermally and / or shrunk by ultrasonic waves. Concrete reinforcing grid element according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the at least one fiber or the fiber bundle of the reinforcing means ( 10 ) has fanned sections. Concrete reinforcement grid element according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plurality of fiber bundles ( 2 ; 4 ) are made of high-performance fibers, advantageously of glass fibers and / or carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers and / or basalt fibers. Concrete reinforcing grid element according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing means ( 10 ) is surface-modified. Method for producing a concrete reinforcement grid element ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, comprising at least the following steps: a. Registration of the fibers ( 12 ) for the formation of fiber bundles ( 2 ; 4 ); b. At least partially circumventing a predeterminable number and / or type of fiber bundles ( 2 ; 4 ) with at least one reinforcing agent ( 10 ); c. Formation of a concrete reinforcement grid element ( 1 ) by entry of a first type of fiber bundles ( 2 ) as warp threads and a second type of fiber bundles ( 4 ) as weft threads for forming a layer; d. At least partially coating the individual fiber bundles ( 2 ; 4 ) for fixing the individual fibers ( 12 ) of the fiber bundles ( 2 ; 4 ) to each other, wherein between step a. and b. with the reinforcement ( 10 ) wound fiber bundles ( 2 ; 4 ) and / or between step c. and d. and / or during step d. the concrete reinforcement grid element ( 10 ) is / are subjected to a controlled temperature change. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the temperature ramp is driven in a 60 to 250 ° C in a time interval of 0.1 to 10 min. Use of concrete reinforcement grid element ( 1 ) according to at least one of claims 1-8 or use of the concrete reinforcement grid element produced by the method according to claim 8 or 9 as a reinforcing element and / or as a reinforcing element and / or as a damping element and / or as a lightweight element for concrete and / or resin and / or cement and / or matrices with low tensile strength and / or the automotive industry and / or furniture industry and / or civil engineering and / or shipbuilding and / or sports.

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