EP3234699B1 - Resonator einer uhr mit sich kreuzenden blättern - Google Patents

Resonator einer uhr mit sich kreuzenden blättern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3234699B1
EP3234699B1 EP15808400.4A EP15808400A EP3234699B1 EP 3234699 B1 EP3234699 B1 EP 3234699B1 EP 15808400 A EP15808400 A EP 15808400A EP 3234699 B1 EP3234699 B1 EP 3234699B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resonator
angle
connecting element
strips
comprised
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EP15808400.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3234699A1 (de
Inventor
Gianni Di Domenico
Baptiste Hinaux
Laurent KLINGER
Jean-Luc Helfer
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/045—Oscillators acting by spring tension with oscillating blade springs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/28—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of imbalance of the weights, e.g. tourbillon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a clockwork resonator comprising at least one mass oscillating with respect to a connecting element which it comprises and which is arranged to be fixed directly or indirectly to a structure of a clockwork movement, said at least a mass being suspended from said connecting element by crossed blades which are elastic blades which extend at a distance from each other in two parallel planes, and whose projections of the directions on one of said parallel planes intersect at the level of a virtual pivot axis of said mass, and together define a first angle which is the angle at the vertex, from said virtual pivot axis, opposite which the part of said connecting element which is located between the fasteners extends said blades crossed on said connecting element.
  • the invention also relates to a clock movement comprising such a resonator.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece, in particular a watch, comprising such a movement, and/or such a resonator.
  • the invention relates to the field of time bases for mechanical timepiece mechanisms, in particular for watches.
  • a cross-blade balance wheel is a resonator which can be used as a time base in a mechanical watch, instead of a balance-spring.
  • the document EP 2 911 012 A1 in the name of CSEM describes a rotary clockwork oscillator with a virtual pivot, with a balance which is connected by several flexible blades to a support, in particular in a monolithic embodiment. At least two flexible blades extend in planes perpendicular to the plane of the oscillator, and intersecting between them according to a straight line defining the geometric axis of oscillation of the oscillator, this axis crossing the two blades at seven eighths of their respective length.
  • This configuration of the crossing at seven-eighths of the length is already known as optimal, allowing to obtain a clean and frictionless rotation around the virtual axis of oscillation, by minimizing the displacement of this axis, according to the work of WH WITTRICK , University of Sydney, in February 1951.
  • the blades may originate perpendicular to the sides of an N-sided regular interior polygon, with N-order symmetry about the virtual axis of oscillation, however the only particular configuration shown is that of 'an interior square, in which the two planes comprising the blades are perpendicular to each other.
  • the number of slats and their arrangement is defined by a compromise between the size granted to the system, in particular from an aesthetic point of view, and the stability of the system.
  • EP 2 911 012 A1 Apart from the rule of seven eighths already known, there is no explicit mention in the document EP 2 911 012 A1 , specific geometric parameters to be favored for the best isochronism.
  • the inventors having noted on the one hand that the effect of the positions depends very weakly on the angle between the two crossed blades and on the other hand that the anisochronism produced by the non-linearity of the elastic restoring force depends strongly on this angle, they demonstrated by numerical simulation that it is possible to find an angular value which simultaneously optimizes the effect of positions and isochronism.
  • the invention therefore proposes to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing an optimized geometry of the blades of the balance which cancels both the effect of the positions and the anisochronism produced by the non-linearity of the elastic restoring force.
  • the invention relates to a clockwork resonator comprising at least one oscillating mass with respect to a connecting element which it comprises and which is arranged to be fixed directly or indirectly to a structure of a clockwork movement.
  • said at least one mass being suspended from said connecting element by crossed blades which are elastic blades which extend at a distance from each other in two parallel planes, and whose direction projections on one of said planes parallel lines intersect at the level of a virtual pivot axis of said mass, and together define a first angle which is the angle at the apex, from said virtual pivot axis, opposite which extends the part of said connecting element which is located between the attachments of said blades crossed on said connecting element, characterized in that said first angle is between 68° and 76°.
  • the invention also relates to a clock movement comprising such a resonator.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece, in particular a watch, comprising such a movement, and/or such a resonator.
  • center of mass used here can also be understood under the designation “center of inertia”.
  • the invention relates to a clockwork resonator 100 comprising at least one mass 1 oscillating with respect to a connecting element 2 that this resonator comprises.
  • This connecting element 2 is arranged to be fixed directly or indirectly to a structure of a timepiece movement 200.
  • This at least one mass 1 is suspended from the connecting element 2 by crossed blades 3, 4, which are elastic blades which extend at a distance from one on the other in two parallel planes, and whose projections of the directions on one of these parallel planes intersect at the level of a virtual pivot axis O of the mass 1, and together define a first angle a which is the angle at the top, from this virtual pivot axis O, opposite which extends the part of the connecting element 2 which is located between the attachments of the crossed blades 3, 4, on the connecting element 2.
  • crossed blades 3, 4 are elastic blades which extend at a distance from one on the other in two parallel planes, and whose projections of the directions on one of these parallel planes intersect at the level of a virtual pivot axis O of the mass 1, and together define a first angle a which is the angle at the top, from this virtual pivot axis O, opposite which extends the part of the connecting element 2 which is located between the attachments of the crossed blades 3, 4, on the connecting element 2.
  • this first angle a is between 68° and 76°.
  • the mass 1 is a pendulum, as visible on the figures 1 and 1A , which illustrate, in full line, the geometry of a resonator 100 with a cross-blade balance, in its rest position.
  • a pendulum 1 is kept fixed to a connecting element 2 by two crossed blades 3 and 4.
  • These crossed blades 3 and 4 are elastic blades which extend at a distance from each other in two parallel planes, and of which the projections of the directions on one of these parallel planes intersect at a virtual pivot axis O of this balance 1.
  • These crossed blades allow the rotation of this balance 1, and substantially prevent the translation of the balance 1 in the three directions XYZ, and also provide good resistance to small shocks.
  • There figure 1 represents a general case where the embedding of the crossed blades 3, 4 is oblique in the connecting element 2 which carries them.
  • Figure 1A represents a preferred configuration where this recess is made at a surface which is orthogonal to the end of each blade 3, 4, to its recess.
  • the origin of the coordinates O is placed at the intersection of blades 3 and 4 when resonator 100 is in its rest position.
  • the instantaneous center of rotation as well as the center of mass of the balance wheel are also located at the origin O when the balance wheel is in its rest position.
  • the bisector of the first angle a defines a direction X with which the projections of the two blades 3 and 4 in one of said parallel planes form an angle ⁇ which is half of the first angle ⁇ .
  • the resonator 100 is symmetrical with respect to the axis OX.
  • the first angle ⁇ has a value of 90°.
  • the inner radius ri is the distance between the point O and the embedding of the slats 3 and 4 in the connecting element 2.
  • the outer radius re is the distance between the point O and the embedding of the slats 3 and 4 in the pendulum 1. Note that the roles of ri and re can be exchanged depending on whether one places oneself in the referential of the connecting element or in that of the pendulum. All the following formulas remain valid since it is the relative rotational movement that counts.
  • the first angle ⁇ is the angle between the two blades 3 and 4 when the pendulum resonator 100 is in its rest position.
  • This first angle ⁇ is the apex angle (at O) which defines the opening of the blades 3 and 4 with respect to the connecting element 2, and facing which extends the part of this connecting element 2 which is located between the attachments of the cross blades 3 and 4 on the latter.
  • THE figures 1 and 1A show an instantaneous value ⁇ i of the current angle ⁇ , corresponding to the deviation of a point M towards its instantaneous position Mi, corresponding to bent positions 3i and 4i of the blades 3 and 4, shown in broken line on the figures 1 and 1A .
  • the invention sets out to determine a geometry for which such a resonator can be both isochronous and independent of the positions.
  • This characteristic of the first angle value ⁇ constitutes the essential characteristic of the invention, and is in no way fortuitous, since this value is the only one which makes it possible to simultaneously guarantee isochronism and the cancellation of the effect of the positions.
  • we have simulated the anisochronism of the crossed-blade balance that is to say the rate difference (in seconds per day) observed for two different amplitudes (we have chosen 12° and 8° which are representative of the operating domain of the system under consideration).
  • the prior art is very far from optimum isochronism, and the present invention consists in using the appropriate angle value to achieve optimum isochronism.
  • this optimal geometric configuration may vary very slightly, depending on the width of the blades 3 and 4, and the amplitude of the oscillation of the balance, as well as the manufacturing tolerances.
  • the resonator 100 is monolithic.
  • the resonator 100 is made of a micro-machinable material which can be produced using “MEMS” or “LISA” technologies, or of silicon or silicon oxide, or of at least partially amorphous metal, or of metallic glass, or of quartz, or in DLC.
  • the first angle ⁇ is between 70° and 76°.
  • the first angle ⁇ is between 70° and 74°. More particularly still, the first angle ⁇ is equal to 71.2°.
  • the invention also relates to a clock movement 200 comprising at least one such resonator 100.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece 300, in particular a watch, comprising such a movement 200, and/or such a resonator 100.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to make a balance resonator with crossed blades simultaneously isochronous and independent of the positions.
  • the invention is applicable to other configurations of resonators with crossed blades, in particular in a structure of the tuning fork type, as visible on the figure 8 .
  • the use of several oscillating masses is advantageous since it makes it possible to minimize the losses on embedding. Indeed, a single pendulum causes a reaction force to the embedding and therefore losses. It is possible to cancel these losses by combining several oscillating masses so that the sum of their reactions to embedding is zero.
  • the resonator 100 may comprise at least two oscillating masses, in particular two as shown in this figure, the opposite movements of which cause reactions to the embedding which compensate each other.
  • two rockers 1 are each kept fixed to a common connecting element 2 by two crossed blades 3 and 4 arranged according to the characteristics described above.
  • the resonator 100 is, advantageously, entirely symmetrical with respect to the Y axis.
  • Other variant embodiments are naturally possible.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Resonator (100) für die Uhrmacherei, der mindestens eine Masse (1) umfasst, die relativ zu einem Verbindungselement (2) schwingt, das er aufweist und das so angeordnet ist, dass es direkt oder indirekt an einer Struktur eines Uhrwerks (200) befestigt werden kann, wobei die mindestens eine Masse (1) an dem Verbindungselement (2) durch sich kreuzende Lamellen (3, 4) aufgehängt ist, die elastische Lamellen sind, die sich in zwei parallelen Ebenen in einem Abstand voneinander erstrecken und deren Projektionen der Richtungen auf eine der parallelen Ebenen sich an einer virtuellen Schwenkachse (O) der Masse (1) kreuzen und zusammen einen ersten Winkel (α) definieren, der der Scheitelwinkel von der virtuellen Schwenkachse (O) ist, dem gegenüber sich der Teil des Verbindungselements (2) erstreckt, der zwischen den Befestigungen der sich kreuzenden Lamellen (3, 4) an dem Verbindungselement (2) liegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Winkel (α) zwischen 68° und 76° beträgt.
  2. Resonator (100) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Winkel (α) zwischen 70° und 76° beträgt.
  3. Resonator (100) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Winkel (α) zwischen 70° und 74° beträgt.
  4. Resonator (100) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Winkel (α) gleich 71,2° ist.
  5. Resonator (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lamellen (3, 4) mit einem Innenradius (ri) zwischen der virtuellen Schwenkachse (O) und ihrem Befestigungspunkt an dem Verbindungselement (2), mit einem Außenradius (re) zwischen der virtuellen Schwenkachse (O) und ihrem Befestigungspunkt an der Masse (1) und mit einer Gesamtlänge (L) wie etwa L = ri + re bemessen ist, so dass ein Verhältnis (Q) wie etwa Q = ri/L zwischen 0,12 und 0,13 liegt.
  6. Resonator (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lamellen (3, 4) mit einem Innenradius (ri) zwischen der virtuellen Schwenkachse (O) und ihrem Befestigungspunkt an dem Verbindungselement (2), mit einem Außenradius (re) zwischen der virtuellen Schwenkachse (O) und ihrem Befestigungspunkt an der Masse (1), mit einer Dicke (e) in der Ebene jede der Lamellen (3, 4) bemessen sind, so dass ein Verhältnis (Qm) wie etwa Qm = (ri+e/2)/(ri+e/2+re) zwischen 0,12 und 0,13 liegt.
  7. Resonator (100) nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis (Qm) gleich 0,1264 ist.
  8. Resonator (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Resonator (100) in der Projektion auf eine der parallelen Ebenen, symmetrisch zur Winkelhalbierenden (OX) des ersten Winkels (α) ist, wenn er sich in seiner Ruhestellung befindet.
  9. Resonator (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens eine Masse (1) eine Unruh ist.
  10. Resonator (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die sich kreuzenden Lamellen (3, 4) auf der Ebene einer Oberfläche des Verbindungselements (2) jeweils in das Verbindungselement (2) eingebettet sind, die hinsichtlich der Ebene ihrer Einbettung orthogonal zu dem Ende der Lamelle (3, 4) ist.
  11. Resonator (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Resonator (100) mindestens zwei schwingende Massen umfasst, die jeweils durch zwei sich kreuzende Lamellen (3, 4) an einem gemeinsamen Verbindungselement (2) befestigt gehalten werden, wobei der Resonator (100) in Bezug auf eine Y-Achse in einer Struktur vom Stimmgabeltyp vollständig symmetrisch ist.
  12. Resonator (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Resonator (100) monolithisch ist.
  13. Resonator (100) nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Resonator (100) aus Silizium oder Siliziumoxid oder aus metallischem Glas oder aus Quarz oder aus DLC besteht.
  14. Uhrwerk (200), die eine Struktur umfasst, an der direkt oder indirekt mindestens ein Verbindungselement (2) befestigt ist, das einen Resonator (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 umfasst.
  15. Uhr (300) oder Armbanduhr, die ein Uhrwerk (200) nach Anspruch 14 oder/und mindestens einen Resonator (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 umfasst.
EP15808400.4A 2014-12-18 2015-12-14 Resonator einer uhr mit sich kreuzenden blättern Active EP3234699B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14199039.0A EP3035126B1 (de) 2014-12-18 2014-12-18 Resonator einer Uhr mit sich kreuzenden Blättern
PCT/EP2015/079515 WO2016096677A1 (fr) 2014-12-18 2015-12-14 Resonateur d'horlogerie a lames croisees

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EP3234699A1 EP3234699A1 (de) 2017-10-25
EP3234699B1 true EP3234699B1 (de) 2023-03-08

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US (1) US9836024B2 (de)
EP (2) EP3035126B1 (de)
JP (3) JP6231686B2 (de)
CN (1) CN105980938B (de)
CH (1) CH710524A2 (de)
WO (1) WO2016096677A1 (de)

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CH711402A2 (fr) * 2015-08-04 2017-02-15 Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse Mécanisme régulateur d'horlogerie à bras rotatifs synchronisé magnétiquement.

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CN105980938A (zh) 2016-09-28
EP3035126A1 (de) 2016-06-22
JP6449951B2 (ja) 2019-01-09
CH710524A2 (fr) 2016-06-30
EP3035126B1 (de) 2017-12-13
JP6401354B2 (ja) 2018-10-10
EP3234699A1 (de) 2017-10-25
US9836024B2 (en) 2017-12-05
JP2017223702A (ja) 2017-12-21
JP2017503155A (ja) 2017-01-26
JP6231686B2 (ja) 2017-11-15
JP2017223701A (ja) 2017-12-21
WO2016096677A1 (fr) 2016-06-23
US20170010586A1 (en) 2017-01-12
CN105980938B (zh) 2018-04-03

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