EP3336613B1 - Resonator für uhr, der zwei pendellager umfasst, die so angeordnet sind, dass sie auf derselben ebene schwingen können - Google Patents

Resonator für uhr, der zwei pendellager umfasst, die so angeordnet sind, dass sie auf derselben ebene schwingen können Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3336613B1
EP3336613B1 EP16204580.1A EP16204580A EP3336613B1 EP 3336613 B1 EP3336613 B1 EP 3336613B1 EP 16204580 A EP16204580 A EP 16204580A EP 3336613 B1 EP3336613 B1 EP 3336613B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
balance
resonator
plane
balances
pair
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EP16204580.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3336613A1 (de
Inventor
Dara Bayat
Yves Pétremand
Ivar Kjelberg
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ASSOCIATION SUISSE POUR LA RECHERCHE HORLOGERE
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ASSOCIATION SUISSE POUR LA RECHERCHE HORLOGERE
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Priority to EP16204580.1A priority Critical patent/EP3336613B1/de
Priority to JP2019554039A priority patent/JP7053658B2/ja
Priority to US16/469,935 priority patent/US11422506B2/en
Priority to CN201780078151.0A priority patent/CN110214294B/zh
Priority to PCT/IB2017/057199 priority patent/WO2018109583A1/fr
Publication of EP3336613A1 publication Critical patent/EP3336613A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/045—Oscillators acting by spring tension with oscillating blade springs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063—Balance construction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a resonator for a timepiece comprising a support structure intended to allow the mounting of the resonator in a timepiece, two pendulums arranged to oscillate in the same plane, and a plurality of elastic elements arranged to connect the two pendulums to the support structure, the configuration of the plurality of elastic elements determining two parallel axes of elastic pivoting for the two pendulums, and the plurality of elastic elements also forming elastic return means arranged to angularly recall each of the two pendulums to a rest position.
  • a balance spring as a regulating member.
  • the latter is made up of three main parts: a balance wheel in the form of a flywheel, an axis which carries the balance wheel and which is terminated by two pivots making it possible to mount the balance wheel in a timepiece frame, and finally, a spiral spring which produces a return torque proportional to the magnitude of the angle separating the balance from its equilibrium position.
  • the balance-spring has been the almost exclusive time base of mechanical watches for over 300 years.
  • balance-spring is a reliable and precise resonator.
  • precision of quartz watches is still much higher than that of mechanical watches equipped with a balance-spring. This difference in accuracy is due in part to the fact that a quartz tuning fork has a considerably higher quality factor than that of a balance-spring.
  • the amplitude of the oscillations of a balance-spring is considerable. It usually varies between 180 ° and 315 ° depending on the degree of winding of the mainspring and according to the rather horizontal or rather vertical position of the watch. Under these conditions, the two bearings in which the pendulum axis rotates are very stressed, which causes the dissipation of a fraction of the energy of the pendulum by friction. It will be understood that this friction contributes to lowering the quality factor of the balance spring. Great efforts have been made to provide pendulum bearings with optimized tribological properties. The fact remains that the negative effect of friction on the quality factor has not yet been eliminated.
  • the patent document CH 709 291 A2 describes a resonator for a timepiece comprising a support element, intended to allow the mounting of the resonator in a timepiece, a balance in the form of a flywheel, and finally two elastic blades which connect the support element to the pendulum crossing.
  • the configuration of the two elastic blades is chosen so as to define a geometric pivot axis concentric with the balance.
  • the two blades are arranged so as to exert a restoring torque on the pendulum.
  • the above-mentioned resonator has certain drawbacks.
  • the amplitude of the pendulum's oscillations is typically 20 °.
  • the effect of a possible collinearity between, on the one hand, the angular moment of the pendulum, and on the other hand, its geometric pivot axis cannot simply be neutralized by rotation.
  • a flexible pivot balance like that which has just been described is more sensitive to shocks than a balance spring.
  • the patent document EP 3,035,127 A1 proposes to couple two flexible pivot resonators, so as to form a tuning fork shape.
  • the coupling between the two resonators is ensured by a mobile connecting element to which the elastic blades of the two resonators are fixed by one end. The other end of each pair of blades is connected to one of the two pendulums as before.
  • the connecting element carries the two pendulums, while itself being elastically fixed on a support element rigidly mounted in the timepiece. With such an arrangement, the geometric axes of pivoting of the two pendulums each occupy a fixed position relative to the connecting element, while being collectively movable relative to the frame of the timepiece.
  • the oscillator he describes constitutes a form of tuning fork.
  • an advantage linked to the symmetry of the tuning forks is that it favors a few well-defined oscillation modes having a high quality factor.
  • the two most basic modes are the symmetrical mode and the asymmetric mode.
  • the asymmetric mode (the tuning fork branches move at the same time in opposite directions) is the most advantageous because of its lower sensitivity to external phenomena; to shocks in particular.
  • the symmetrical oscillation mode (the branches of the tuning fork move at the same time in the same direction) is always effectively damped.
  • the document EP 3,035,127 A1 teaches to couple the oscillations of the two pendulums using a connecting element suspended elastically on a fixed element.
  • a special feature of the asymmetric resonance mode is that the center of mass of the system remains at rest, the forces acting on the link element of the tuning fork mutually neutralizing each other.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a resonator with a high quality factor, and which comprises two pendulums mechanically coupled, the coupling between the pendulums being designed to favor the asymmetric oscillation mode.
  • the invention achieves this object by providing a resonator according to claim 1 appended hereto.
  • the expression “support structure” does not necessarily designate a single support part. Indeed, in accordance with the invention, the support structure may for example comprise two separate support elements, one of the support elements used for mounting the first balance and the other support element used for mounting the second balance.
  • the figure 1 is a top plan view of a timepiece resonator, which is in accordance with a particular embodiment of the invention.
  • the illustrated resonator comprises a support structure intended to allow its mounting on a frame (not shown) of a mechanical watch.
  • the support structure consists of two flanges respectively referenced 2 and 4.
  • the resonator further comprises two pendulums generally referenced 6 and 8 which, in the example illustrated, generally each have the shape of an ellipse with a large central notch. When the pendulums are in their rest position as shown, the two notches open facing each other. It can also be seen that the two flanges 2, 4 of the support structure are each arranged inside one of the notches.
  • Each balance also comprises a twill 10 provided to give it greater inertia.
  • the serge extends along the periphery of the pendulum.
  • the first and second balance preferably have the same mass and the same dimensions so that it is easy to oscillate them at the same frequency.
  • the pendulums are connected to the support structure by a plurality of elastic elements. More specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, each balance 6, 8 is connected to one of the two flanges 2, 4 by a pair of elastic blades (referenced respectively 12a, 12b and 14a, 14b). As shown in the figure, one end of each blade is attached to the balance by the bottom of the notch, while the other end is secured to the flange located in the same notch, so that each pair of elastic blades is arranged inside the pendulum notch to which it is attached. We can also see that the two elastic blades of the same pair intersect so as to form a X which extends in the plane of the pendulum inside the notch.
  • the configuration of the pair of blades connecting one of the pendulums to the support structure determines a geometric elastic pivot axis X ′, X ′′ for this balance.
  • the geometric pivot axis is perpendicular to the plane of the pendulum and it passes through the point of intersection of the two blades of the X. This point of intersection moves very slightly during the movement of the pendulums.
  • the X formed by the elastic blades is preferably positioned in the notch so that the intersection of the geometric pivot axis with the plane of the balance coincides with the center of mass of the balance.
  • the figure 1 also shows that the two elastic blades 12a, 12b or 14a, 14b which form the X have their junction point midway between their two ends. Simulations show in fact that the configuration in which the two blades of the X structure intersect in the middle, allows to obtain a clean rotation without friction around the geometric axis of pivoting.
  • a flexible pivot in X has the advantageous characteristic of producing a return torque proportional to the magnitude of the angle separating the balance from its equilibrium position, and this in one direction as in the other.
  • the expression “proper rotation” used above designates a rotation which minimizes the displacement of the pivot axis.
  • the height of the blades corresponds to their extension perpendicular to the plane of the balance, while their thickness corresponds to their extension in the plane of the balance, perpendicular to their length.
  • the thickness of the blades is preferably reduced so as to give the elastic blades sufficient flexibility in the plane of the balance.
  • the height blades is determined so as to give them sufficient rigidity to contain the oscillations of the balance in the same determined plane.
  • the two pairs of blades are preferably made of the same material.
  • the two flexible pivots in X preferably have identical dimensions so that the first and the second pendulum have the same fundamental frequency of resonance when they have the same mass and the same moment of inertia.
  • FIGS 2A and 2B are enlarged partial views showing a second and a third variant configuration of the pair of elastic blades connecting one of the pendulums to the support structure of the resonator of the invention.
  • FIGs 1, 2A and 2B it can be observed in particular that these figures are distinguished by the value of the angle made between them by the two elastic blades from one of the flanges 4, 4 ′ or 4 ".
  • figure 1 this angle is substantially equal to 90 °, in the figure 2A , it is significantly less than 90 °, and finally in the figure 2B , it is significantly larger than 90 °.
  • the angle at which the blades cross has an impact on the excitability of certain modes of oscillation out of plane of the pendulums. These higher modes are undesirable for most horological applications of the resonator of the invention.
  • the angle between the elastic blades will be chosen according to the shape of the pendulums and the desired rigidities according to the different planes.
  • the resonator further comprises a flexible blade 16 which constitutes a strap arranged so as to couple the first and the second pendulum 6 and 8.
  • the flexible blade is attached to the first and to the second pendulum, the junctions, respectively 16a and 16b, of the flexible blade with the first and the second pendulum are located in the same plane parallel to the plane of oscillation of the two pendulums and are symmetrical to each other with respect to the point central of the figure (referenced O).
  • the figure 1 it can be seen that between the two junction points 16a and 16b, the shape of the blade 16 has a central symmetry around the central point O. It will however be understood that this characteristic is only present when the pendulums 6, 8 are in their rest position.
  • the center of symmetry O is located halfway between the geometric pivot axes of the two pendulums.
  • the figure 1 also shows a straight line d which passes through the center O and through the junctions 16a, 16b of the flexible blade 16 with the two pendulums 6, 8.
  • the straight line d makes an angle ⁇ of at least 30 ° , preferably at least 45 °, with the plane containing the first and the second geometric pivot axis.
  • the first and the second pendulum have the same fundamental resonance frequency. Due to the presence of the strap 16, when one of the pendulums deviates from its equilibrium position by pulling the strap after it, the other pendulum is forced to follow the movement by deviating from its position of balance the other way.
  • the first balance 6 rotates clockwise, it exerts traction on the strap 16.
  • the inertia of the strap being very low compared to that of the pendulums, the tension to which the strap is subjected affects the second balance 8 at the junction 16b. The second balance thus undergoes a torque which tends to rotate it counterclockwise.
  • the two pendulums deform the elastic X-shaped blades 12a, 12b, 14a, 14b which connect them to the support structure (the flanges 2 and 4).
  • the deformation of the two pairs of elastic blades generates two return couples which are exerted respectively on the first and the second balance.
  • the presence of the strap 16 has the effect of synchronizing the oscillations of the two pendulums. It may also be noted in passing that the oscillations of the two pendulums coupled to the resonant frequency are said to be antisynchronous, and not simply synchronous, when the oscillations occur in an antisymmetric mode in accordance with what has just been described.
  • the figures 3 and 4 are perspective views of a timepiece resonator according to a second particular embodiment of the invention.
  • the resonator illustrated in the figures 3 and 4 is very similar to the resonator of the figure 1 .
  • the resonator comprises a pair of straps 116, 118 attached to each other at mid-length by a rigid coupling element. 120.
  • the shoulder straps 116, 118 are also each attached to the first and to the second pendulum 6 and 8.
  • the pair of suspenders 116, 118 is mainly constituted by a first flexible blade attached to the first balance 6 by its two ends, and by a second flexible blade attached to the second balance 8 by its two ends. It can be seen that the two flexible blades are further connected to each other via the coupling element 120. The two flexible blades are connected to the coupling element in the middle, and it will be understood that in the construction shown, the two halves of the first flexible blade respectively constitute the half 116 'of the strap 116 and the half 118' of the strap 118. Similarly, the two halves of the second flexible blade respectively constitute the other half 116 "of strap 116 and the other half 118" of strap 118.
  • the coupling element 120 is rigid and it is arranged to rigidly connect a central portion of the first flexible blade and a central portion of the second flexible blade, so that these two central portions are kept spaced apart and parallel to each other.
  • An advantage of the second embodiment which has just been described is its highly symmetrical character which gives even more stability to the antisymmetrical oscillation mode of the resonator.
  • Another advantage is that the oscillations of the balance at resonance result in a back-and-forth movement of the rigid coupling element 120 according to a rectilinear trajectory in the plane of symmetry of the resonator (the mediator plane already mentioned) .
  • the fact of having a part performing a back-and-forth along a rectilinear trajectory could in particular be used to associate an exhaust with the resonator.
  • each pendulum 6, 8 is located on the lower side of the pendulum. She can however, alternatively, be located on the upper side or on both sides of the balance.
  • the resonator according to the invention can be produced in a single piece from silicon and / or silicon oxide, diamond, quartz or metal, for example.
  • DRIE or LIGA type techniques can be used.
  • the resonator according to the invention can also be obtained by an assembly of parts.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Resonator für Zeitmessgerät, umfassend eine Tragstruktur (2, 4), die dazu bestimmt ist, das Einbauen des Resonators in ein Zeitmessgerät zu ermöglichen, ein erstes und ein zweites Pendel (6, 8), die angeordnet sind, um in einer gleichen Ebene zu schwingen, mindestens ein erstes elastisches Element (12a, 12b), das angeordnet ist, um das erste Pendel (6) mit der Tragstruktur zu verbinden, mindestens ein zweites elastisches Element (14a, 14b; 14a', 14b'; 14a", 14b"), das angeordnet ist, um das zweite Pendel (8) mit der Tragstruktur zu verbinden, wobei die Konfiguration der elastischen Elemente zwei parallele geometrische Achsen (X', X") der elastischen Schwenkung für die beiden Träger bestimmt und wobei die elastischen Elemente elastische Rückstellmittel bilden, die angeordnet sind, um jeden der Pendel winklig zu einer Ruheposition zurückzustellen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - er ferner einen Riemen (16 ; 116, 118) aufweist, der angeordnet ist, um das erste und das zweite Pendel (6, 8) zu verbinden, wobei der Riemen an dem ersten und an dem zweiten Pendel befestigt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Verbindungsstellen (16a, 16b) des Riemens jeweils mit dem ersten und dem zweiten Pendel in einer gleichen Ebene befinden, die parallel zu der Schwingungsebene der Pendel ist, und dadurch, dass, wenn die Pendel in ihrer Ruheposition sind, die Verbindungsstellen einerseits symmetrisch in Bezug auf ein Symmetriezentrum (0) sind, das sich auf halbem Weg zwischen den zwei geometrischen Schwenkachsen befindet, und andererseits ein Radius, der das Symmetriezentrum (0) an der Verbindungsstelle (16a, 16b) mit dem ersten oder dem zweiten Pendel verbindet, parallel zu der Schwingungsebene einen Winkel (α) von mindestens 30° mit der Ebene bildet, die die erste und die zweite geometrische Schwenkachse (X', X") enthält.
  2. Resonator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, wenn die Pendel in ihrer Ruheposition sind, die Form des Riemens symmetrisch in Bezug auf das Symmetriezentrum (0) ist.
  3. Resonator nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, wenn die Pendel in ihrer Ruheposition sind, ein Radius, der das Symmetriezentrum (0) an der Verbindungsstelle (16a, 16b) mit dem ersten oder dem zweiten Pendel verbindet, parallel zu der Schwingungsebene einen Winkel (α) von mindestens 45° mit der Ebene bildet, die die erste und die zweite geometrische Schwenkachse (X', X") enthält.
  4. Resonator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ein Paar Riemen (116, 118) aufweist, die auf halber Länge aneinander befestigt sind und die jeweils an dem ersten und an dem zweiten Pendel (6, 8) befestigt sind, wobei das Paar Riemen den Riemen aufweist, und
    - dadurch, dass, wenn die Pendel (6, 8) in ihrer Ruheposition sind, die zwei Riemen (116, 118) des Paares Riemen einerseits relativ zu der Ebene, die die erste und die zweite geometrische Schwenkachse (X ', X ") enthält, und andererseits relativ zu einer Mittelebene (m), die parallel und äquidistant zu den zwei geometrischen Schwenkachsen ist, zueinander symmetrisch sind.
  5. Resonator nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Paar Riemen (116, 118) eine erste flexible Klinge, die an dem ersten Pendel (6) durch ihre zwei Enden befestigt ist, eine zweite flexible Klinge, die an dem zweiten Pendel (8) durch ihre zwei Enden befestigt ist, und ein Kopplungselement (120) aufweist, das angeordnet ist, um einen mittleren Abschnitt der ersten flexiblen Klinge und einen mittleren Abschnitt der zweiten flexiblen Klinge derart zu verbinden, dass die mittleren Abschnitte der zwei flexiblen Klingen beabstandet voneinander und parallel zueinander gehalten werden.
  6. Resonator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste und das zweite Pendel (6, 8) eine längliche Form aufweisen.
  7. Resonator nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand zwischen der geometrischen Schwenkachse (X', X") eines Pendels und dem Rand des gleichen Pendels in einer Richtung senkrecht zu der Ebene, die die zwei geometrischen Schwenkachsen (X', X") enthält, mindestens 1,5-mal, vorzugsweise mindestens zweimal größer ist als in einer Richtung, die parallel zu dieser Ebene ist.
  8. Resonator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mindestens eine erste elastische Element (12a, 12b) ein erstes Paar elastische Klingen aufweist, die parallel zu der Schwenkebene der Pendel (6, 8) sind, wobei die Klingen des ersten Paares (12a, 12b) durch ein Ende an der Tragstruktur (2, 4) und durch das andere Ende an dem ersten Pendel befestigt sind, und dadurch, dass das mindestens eine zweite elastische Element (14a, 14b; 14a', 14b'; 14a", 14b") ein zweites Paar elastische Klingen aufweist, die parallel zu der Schwenkebene der Pendel (6, 8) sind, wobei die Klingen des zweiten Paares (14a, 14b; 14a', 14b'; 14a", 14b") durch ein Ende an der Tragstruktur (2, 4) und durch das andere Ende an dem zweiten Pendel(8) befestigt sind, wobei die zwei geometrischen Schwenkachsen (X', X") der zwei Pendel die zwei elastischen Klingen von einem der Paare jeweils senkrecht schneiden.
  9. Resonator nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Paar elastische Klingen (12a, 12b, 14a, 14b), die eine gleiche geometrische Schwenkachse (X', X") senkrecht schneiden, in einer gleichen Ebene parallel zu der Schwenkebene der Pendel derart enthalten ist, dass die zwei elastischen Klingen eines gleichen Paares eine Schnittstelle an der Stelle ihrer Kreuzung mit der geometrischen Schwenkachse aufweisen.
  10. Resonator nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die zwei elastischen Klingen (12a, 12b, 14a, 14b) eines gleichen Paares in ihrer Mitte schneiden.
EP16204580.1A 2016-12-16 2016-12-16 Resonator für uhr, der zwei pendellager umfasst, die so angeordnet sind, dass sie auf derselben ebene schwingen können Active EP3336613B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16204580.1A EP3336613B1 (de) 2016-12-16 2016-12-16 Resonator für uhr, der zwei pendellager umfasst, die so angeordnet sind, dass sie auf derselben ebene schwingen können
JP2019554039A JP7053658B2 (ja) 2016-12-16 2017-11-17 同一平面において振動するように配置された２つのバランスを含むタイムピース用の共振器
US16/469,935 US11422506B2 (en) 2016-12-16 2017-11-17 Resonator for a timepiece comprising two balances arranged to oscillate in the same plane
CN201780078151.0A CN110214294B (zh) 2016-12-16 2017-11-17 用于包括两个设置成在相同平面内振荡的摆轮的计时器的谐振器
PCT/IB2017/057199 WO2018109583A1 (fr) 2016-12-16 2017-11-17 Resonateur pour piece d'horlogerie comportant deux balanciers agences pour osciller dans un meme plan

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16204580.1A EP3336613B1 (de) 2016-12-16 2016-12-16 Resonator für uhr, der zwei pendellager umfasst, die so angeordnet sind, dass sie auf derselben ebene schwingen können

Publications (2)

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EP3336613A1 EP3336613A1 (de) 2018-06-20
EP3336613B1 true EP3336613B1 (de) 2020-03-11

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US (1) US11422506B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3336613B1 (de)
JP (1) JP7053658B2 (de)
CN (1) CN110214294B (de)
WO (1) WO2018109583A1 (de)

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EP3812842B1 (de) * 2019-10-24 2023-11-29 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Schwenkbare führungsvorrichtung für eine schwenkbare masse, und resonatormechanismus einer uhr
EP3822711B1 (de) * 2019-11-12 2026-02-11 Patek Philippe SA Genève Uhrwerkmechanismus, der eine mit einer angetriebenen feder zusammenwirkende treibende feder umfasst
CN112903477B (zh) * 2021-01-25 2022-08-26 华东交通大学 一种测定及计算颗粒材料系统剪切强度的方法

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EP3054356B1 (de) 2015-02-03 2017-12-13 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Isochroner Resonator für Uhr
EP3254158B1 (de) 2015-02-03 2023-07-05 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Isochroner resonator für uhr
EP3128380B1 (de) * 2015-08-04 2018-11-21 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Uhreinstellmechanismus mit magnetisch synchronisierten dreharmen

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EP3035127A1 (de) * 2014-12-18 2016-06-22 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Stimmgabeloszillator einer stimmgabelgesteuerten Uhr

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US20200081401A1 (en) 2020-03-12
WO2018109583A1 (fr) 2018-06-21
CN110214294B (zh) 2020-10-30
EP3336613A1 (de) 2018-06-20
JP7053658B2 (ja) 2022-04-12
US11422506B2 (en) 2022-08-23
JP2020502547A (ja) 2020-01-23
CN110214294A (zh) 2019-09-06

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