EP3188806B1 - Siliziumhaltige organische säurederivate als umweltfreundliche afff-löschmittel - Google Patents
Siliziumhaltige organische säurederivate als umweltfreundliche afff-löschmittel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3188806B1 EP3188806B1 EP15766072.1A EP15766072A EP3188806B1 EP 3188806 B1 EP3188806 B1 EP 3188806B1 EP 15766072 A EP15766072 A EP 15766072A EP 3188806 B1 EP3188806 B1 EP 3188806B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fire fighting
- surfactant
- foam concentrate
- independently
- fighting foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001147665 Foraminifera Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 alkyl glycoside Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101000939676 Androctonus crassicauda Toxin a Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018540 Si C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000693 bioaccumulation Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 150000001719 carbohydrate derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical class CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007991 Si-N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006294 Si—N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N allene Chemical group C=C=C IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003934 aromatic aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- LUXIMSHPDKSEDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(disilanyl)silane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH2][SiH2][SiH2][SiH3] LUXIMSHPDKSEDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AJFXNBUVIBKWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;boric acid;hydrogen borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB([O-])[O-] AJFXNBUVIBKWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BITPLIXHRASDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-[ethenyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-dimethylsilane Chemical compound C=C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C=C BITPLIXHRASDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCWYOFZQRFCIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylsilane Chemical class CC[SiH3] KCWYOFZQRFCIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004693 imidazolium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005005 perfluorohexyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005007 perfluorooctyl group Chemical group FC(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068965 polysorbates Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012041 precatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACECBHHKGNTVPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N silylformic acid Chemical compound OC([SiH3])=O ACECBHHKGNTVPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000721 toxic potential Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002747 voluntary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0036—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using foam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fire extinguishing foam concentrate comprising a first surfactant. It further relates to a method for extinguishing fires using this concentrate and the use of a surfactant as an additive to fire extinguishing foams and / or fire extinguishing foam concentrates.
- AFFF extinguishing foams Aqueous Film Forming Foams, AFFF or A3F.
- PFT polyfluorinated surfactants
- PFOS perfluorooctyl sulfonate
- perfluorooctyl derivatives either slightly shorter-chain perfluorinated surfactants (e.g. perfluorohexyl derivatives) or polyfluorinated alternatives (so-called fluorotelomer surfactants) in AFFF, which are used by the above.
- EU directive (so far) not to be regulated.
- compositions have recently been developed which avoid the disadvantages of fluorine-containing surfactants. So concerns WO 2013/034521 A1 a fire extinguishing foam concentrate comprising a surfactant containing at least one substituted or unsubstituted carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative and at least one oligosiloxane.
- the international patent application PCT / EP2014 / 054287 discloses a fire extinguishing foam concentrate comprising a surfactant containing at least one substituted or unsubstituted carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative and at least one oligosilane.
- EP 0 367 381 A2 surface-active silicone compounds with an increased stability at a pH value above 9 or below 4 with the general formula:
- each R independently represents an alkyl or aryl group
- each R ' represents an alkylene group which preferably separates adjacent silicon atoms by up to 3 C atoms
- each R "independently represents R, or, only if a Is 0, the group R 3 is SiR'-
- Z is a hydrophilic sulfur, nitrogen or phosphorus-containing substituent or a carboxy-functional group or a salt thereof and a has a value of 0, 1 or 2.
- Surfactants are among others from the DE 10 2008 000845 . US 2008/251751 . FR 2 149 519 . GB 1232 720 . US 2007 134283 . WO 2007/014471 . EP 367 381 and US 2007/135329 known.
- the object of the present invention is to provide such concentrates.
- a fire-fighting foam concentrate comprising a first surfactant and furthermore an alkyl glycoside and / or alkyl polyglycoside.
- the concentrate according to the invention with the first surfactant has at least one of the following advantages: Due to the high water solubility of the (optionally deprotonated) carboxyl groups, the total molecular size of the first surfactants used according to the invention is: sufficient solubility sufficiently small; small molecules are preferred in most applications because their diffusion coefficients are higher.
- the first surfactants enable the independent formation of a closed water film on the surface of the fire material (e.g. fuel): As a vapor barrier, this water film hinders the transition of the flammable liquid into the gas phase and thus minimizes the fire material maintaining the fire or being explosive / explosive Forms gas mixtures.
- the fire material e.g. fuel
- the first surfactants have an excellent durability, in particular hydrolysis stability. They are also able to significantly reduce the surface tension of the water.
- the first surfactants are preferably not derived from sugar acids.
- the first surfactant can be described in more detail in that the first surfactant comprises an acid group and / or deprotonated acid group and an oligosilane and / or oligosiloxane unit, the acid group being a carboxyl group and the acid group and / or deprotonated acid group not being part of a sugar acid -Radical is.
- Sugar acids include aldonic acids, uronic acids and aldar acids.
- the fact that the first surfactant is not derived from sugar acids can also be described in that the first surfactant comprises an acid group and / or deprotonated acid group and an oligosilane and / or oligosiloxane unit, the acid group being a carboxyl group and furthermore that first surfactant has at most two, preferably at most one and particularly preferably no hydroxyl group bonded to a carbon atom which is not part of a carboxyl group.
- fire extinguishing foam concentrate in the context of the present invention means a preparation which is added to the extinguishing water in order to obtain an extinguishing foam, an extinguishing water mixed with surfactants or mixtures thereof.
- the water content of the fire-fighting foam concentrate should be as low as possible, but water can be added for practical reasons to reduce the viscosity of the concentrate.
- Typical admixture rates of fire extinguishing foam concentrate to water are 1% by weight, 3% by weight or 6% by weight. Smaller admixing rates (e.g. 0.5% by weight) are also conceivable for "super concentrates”.
- Embodiments and other aspects of the present invention are as follows described. They can be combined with one another in any way, unless the context clearly indicates the opposite.
- the acid group is a carboxyl group.
- the fire extinguishing foam concentrate further comprises an alkyl polyglycoside.
- an alkyl polyglycoside Caprylic / decyl glycosides, as are commercially available under the name Glucopon, are preferred.
- the mass ratios of alkyl polyglycoside to the first surfactant (or a mixture of compounds which can be designated as the first surfactant) can be, for example, in a range from 1 1: 5 to 5 5: 1.
- this comprises one or more additives which are selected from the group: foam formers, film formers, film stabilizers, gel formers, antifreezes, preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, solubilizers, buffers.
- Co-surfactants can be added to improve foam formation.
- these can be: linear alkylbenzenesulfonates, secondary alkanesulfonates, sodium alkylsulfonates, ⁇ -olefinsulfonates, sulfosuccinic esters, ⁇ -methyl estersulfonates, alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide / propylene oxide adducts, glycoside surfactants (these are particularly preferred), for example, glucosulfonates, for example glucosulphonate, for example glucosulphonate, for example, glucosulphonate, for example, glucosulfonate, for example, glucosulphonate, e.g. , Laureth sulfates, imidazolium salts, laurimino dipropionate, acrylic copolymers.
- the following components can be added to the foam concentrate: polysaccharides, alginates, xanthan gum, starch derivatives.
- the foam concentrate can include the following Components are added: polymers, polysorbates, fatty acid esters, carbohydrate amphiphiles.
- the following components can be added to the foam concentrate: ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, urea, inorganic salts.
- the following components can be added to the foam concentrate: formaldehyde solution, aliphatic and / or aromatic aldehydes, alkyl carboxylic acid salts, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid, tolyltriazoles.
- the following constituents can be mixed into the foam concentrate: butyl glycol, butyl diglycol, hexylene glycol.
- Buffering the concentrate to a slightly basic pH is advantageous.
- Buffer systems can be, for example: potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate / sodium hydroxide, tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane / hydrochloric acid, disodium hydrogen phosphate / hydrochloric acid, disodium tetraborate / boric acid, sodium citrate / hydrochloric acid.
- the first surfactant is present in a proportion of 0,5 0.5% by weight to ⁇ 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the concentrate.
- the proportion is preferably 1 1% by weight to 90 90% by weight, more preferably 1,5 1.5% by weight to ⁇ 80% by weight.
- water is present in a proportion of 0 0% by weight to ⁇ 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the concentrate.
- the proportion is preferably 0 0% by weight to 50 50% by weight, more preferably ⁇ 0% by weight to ⁇ 20% by weight.
- sub-component A is an unsubstituted or substituted radical which bears an acid group or deprotonated acid group.
- the acid group is a carboxyl group.
- B is an optional linker substructure composed of at least one atom or a chain, preferably composed of carbon and / or nitrogen and / or oxygen atoms (O-O bonds should be excluded).
- This chain can be a pure alkyl chain, i.e. B is an unsubstituted or optionally alkyl-substituted alkylene radical, preferably having three, four, five, six or seven carbon atoms. Propylene bridges (i.e. three carbon atoms) are particularly preferred.
- B can also contain ether, ester, amide or amine groups.
- B can contain glycerol, pentaerythritol, carbohydrates, alkylamines or carboxylic acids as a substructure.
- B contains an oligoethylene or oligopropylene glycol unit, preferably with two, three or four units.
- An ethylene or propylene unit is preferably used as a link to the radical C.
- radical B is connected to radical C via an Si-C, Si-O or Si-N bond.
- sub-component B can also be omitted, that is to say A and C may be linked directly to one another.
- the terminal silanes tri (m) ethylsilanes are preferred (i.e. they have three methyl and / or ethyl units or two methyl and one ethyl or two ethyl and one methyl unit).
- the individual silanes are preferably connected via methylene, ethylene or propylene bridges, particularly preferably methylene units, since these do not reduce the amphiphobicity of the entire molecule too much.
- C also includes siloxane units, there are of course Si-O-Si bridges.
- C is a tri- or higher silane
- C can be linked to B (or possibly A) via one of the terminal silanes (so that a continuous chain is formed)
- C can be linked to B (or possibly A) via one of the middle-sized silanes can be linked, so that a kind of X- or T-shaped or branched structure is formed.
- the substructures AB or A connected to C can be the same or different.
- C is preferably described by one of the following general formulas: where each R, independently of one another, is ethyl or methyl, n (in each case independently of one another) for 1, 2 or 3, and j, k, m for 1-9, where 1 ⁇ j + k + m 10 10; where each R, independently of one another, is ethyl or methyl, each X, independently of one another (CH 2 ) n or O with n (in each case independently of one another) for 1, 2 or 3, and j, k, m for 1-9, where 1 ⁇ j + k + m ⁇ 10; such as where each R, independently of one another, is ethyl or methyl, each X, independently of one another (CH 2 ) n or O with n (in each case independently of one another) for 1, 2 or 3, and j, k for 1-9, where 1 ⁇ j + k ⁇ 10.
- this comprises 0,0 0.05 mol% to 100 100 mol%, based on the amount of carboxyl groups provided by the first surfactant, of a base.
- Preferred base fractions are ⁇ 0.07 mol% to ⁇ 50 mol%, more preferably ⁇ 0.1 mol% to ⁇ 5 mol%.
- the first surfactant is selected from the following group: and / or salts of the aforementioned compounds.
- Compounds Nos. 6, 8, 9, 12 are preferred. 13, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23, in combination with an alkyl polyglycoside such as the glucopone described above.
- the mixture obtained can be foamed and applied directly or indirectly to the fire site in a suitable form. However, it is also possible to use the mixture without foam as so-called network water. This procedure is particularly advantageous when fighting embers.
- the details regarding the first surfactant described in connection with the fire extinguishing foam concentrate also apply to the use according to the invention. To avoid unnecessary repetitions, they are not listed separately here.
- the Karstedt catalyst mentioned in the synthetic schemes is a catalyst in which the active species is present as platinum (0).
- Hexachloridoplatinic acid in isopropanol can serve as a precatalyst (Speier catalyst). If this catalyst system is reacted with additives such as 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-1,3-divinyldisiloxane, one speaks of the Karstedt catalyst.
- test results were assessed qualitatively in the stages “does not spread”, “spreads very poorly”, “spreads poorly”, “moderately spreads”, “spreads well” and “spreads very well”.
- the surfactant solutions used were aqueous solutions of the carboxylsilane surfactants with optional additional Glucopon 215 UP (aqueous solution of caprylic / decyl glycoside (alkyl polyglycoside), 63 to 65% by weight active substance content, BASF SE).
- Glucopon 215 UP has a pH (10% in 15% isopropanol) from 11.5 to 12.5.
- the surface and interfacial tensions were measured with a Krüss K11 tensiometer equipped with a Wilhelmy platinum plate at 25 ° C. All solutions were prepared from a first surfactant, possibly a cosurfactant (glucopon), optionally base and ultrapure water (conductivity ⁇ 0.055 ⁇ S / cm). When pouring the surfactant solution into the measuring vessel of the tensiometer, make sure that there is no foam on the surface.
- a cosurfactant possibly glucopon
- ultrapure water conductivity ⁇ 0.055 ⁇ S / cm
- a consolidated series of measurements consists of at least 5 individual measurements measured in succession, whose standard deviation is ⁇ ⁇ 0.05 mN / m (in practice this means approx. 10 individual measurements per consolidated series of measurements).
- cmc mean critical micelle concentration
- ⁇ LW surface tension of the water / surfactant mixture
- ⁇ WO interfacial tension between water / surfactant mixture and organic phase
- S spreading coefficient
- Glucopon was added to the following study: cmc [mmol / l] ⁇ LW, min [mN / m] ⁇ WHERE, min [mN / m] S [mN / m] 2.28 22.2 1.2 1.5
- Glucopon was added to the following study: cmc [mmol / l] ⁇ LW, min [mN / m] ⁇ WHERE, min [mN / m] S [mN / m] 2.11 22.3 1.0 1.6
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102014112851.6A DE102014112851A1 (de) | 2014-09-05 | 2014-09-05 | Siliziumhaltige organische Säurederivate als umweltfreundliche AFFF-Löschmittel |
PCT/EP2015/070046 WO2016034621A1 (de) | 2014-09-05 | 2015-09-02 | Siliziumhaltige organische säurederivate als umweltfreundliche afff-löschmittel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3188806A1 EP3188806A1 (de) | 2017-07-12 |
EP3188806B1 true EP3188806B1 (de) | 2019-12-25 |
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EP15766072.1A Active EP3188806B1 (de) | 2014-09-05 | 2015-09-02 | Siliziumhaltige organische säurederivate als umweltfreundliche afff-löschmittel |
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US (1) | US20170259099A1 (ru) |
EP (1) | EP3188806B1 (ru) |
AU (2) | AU2015310943A1 (ru) |
CA (1) | CA2959963A1 (ru) |
DE (1) | DE102014112851A1 (ru) |
RU (1) | RU2707765C2 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2016034621A1 (ru) |
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RU2730074C1 (ru) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-08-17 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) | Водный раствор для тушения пожаров |
KR102219878B1 (ko) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-02-24 | 박명균 | 수계 소화약제 |
WO2022238783A1 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-17 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Fire-fighting foam concentrate |
US11497952B1 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-15 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Fire-fighting foam concentrate |
US11673010B2 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2023-06-13 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Fire-fighting foam concentrate |
AU2022274674A1 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2023-11-30 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Fire-fighting foam composition |
US11666791B2 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2023-06-06 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Fire-fighting foam composition |
US11673011B2 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2023-06-13 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Firefighting foam composition |
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US20070135329A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-14 | General Electric Company | Surfactant compositions and associated method |
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DE1812531A1 (de) * | 1968-12-04 | 1970-06-18 | Goldschmidt Ag Th | Feuerloeschschaum-Konzentrat |
BE787502A (fr) * | 1971-08-18 | 1973-02-12 | Ici Ltd | Mousses |
GB8819567D0 (en) | 1988-08-17 | 1988-09-21 | Dow Corning Ltd | Carbosilane surfactants |
WO2007014471A1 (en) | 2005-08-02 | 2007-02-08 | Mcmaster University | Chelating silicon-based polymers |
US20070134283A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-14 | General Electric Company | Surfactant-based composition and associated methods |
DE102007016966A1 (de) * | 2007-04-10 | 2008-10-16 | Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh | Silicontensidzusammensetzungen und deren Verwendung zur Erzeugung von Schaum |
DE102007016965A1 (de) * | 2007-04-10 | 2008-10-16 | Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh | Verwendung von anionischen Silicontensiden zur Erzeugung von Schaum |
DE102008000845A1 (de) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh | Tensidzusammensetzungen und der Verwendung zur Erzeugung von Feuerlöschschaum |
DE102011053304A1 (de) | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-07 | Universität Zu Köln | Siloxanhaltiger Feuerlöschschaum |
DE102013102239A1 (de) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-11 | Universität Zu Köln | Carbosilanhaltiger Feuerlöschschaum |
-
2014
- 2014-09-05 DE DE102014112851.6A patent/DE102014112851A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-09-02 US US15/508,865 patent/US20170259099A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-09-02 WO PCT/EP2015/070046 patent/WO2016034621A1/de active Application Filing
- 2015-09-02 RU RU2017107082A patent/RU2707765C2/ru active
- 2015-09-02 AU AU2015310943A patent/AU2015310943A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-09-02 EP EP15766072.1A patent/EP3188806B1/de active Active
- 2015-09-02 CA CA2959963A patent/CA2959963A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2019-08-15 AU AU2019216681A patent/AU2019216681A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20070135329A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-14 | General Electric Company | Surfactant compositions and associated method |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2019216681A1 (en) | 2019-09-05 |
DE102014112851A1 (de) | 2016-03-10 |
WO2016034621A1 (de) | 2016-03-10 |
RU2017107082A3 (ru) | 2019-03-14 |
EP3188806A1 (de) | 2017-07-12 |
AU2015310943A1 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
RU2017107082A (ru) | 2018-10-05 |
US20170259099A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 |
CA2959963A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
RU2707765C2 (ru) | 2019-11-29 |
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