EP3188806A1 - Siliziumhaltige organische säurederivate als umweltfreundliche afff-löschmittel - Google Patents
Siliziumhaltige organische säurederivate als umweltfreundliche afff-löschmittelInfo
- Publication number
- EP3188806A1 EP3188806A1 EP15766072.1A EP15766072A EP3188806A1 EP 3188806 A1 EP3188806 A1 EP 3188806A1 EP 15766072 A EP15766072 A EP 15766072A EP 3188806 A1 EP3188806 A1 EP 3188806A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fire
- foam concentrate
- surfactant
- acid group
- independently
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 alkyl glycoside Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018540 Si C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101000939676 Androctonus crassicauda Toxin a Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001719 carbohydrate derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical class CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007991 Si-N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006294 Si—N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N allene Chemical group C=C=C IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003934 aromatic aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000693 bioaccumulation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- LUXIMSHPDKSEDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(disilanyl)silane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH2][SiH2][SiH2][SiH3] LUXIMSHPDKSEDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AJFXNBUVIBKWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;boric acid;hydrogen borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB([O-])[O-] AJFXNBUVIBKWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KCWYOFZQRFCIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylsilane Chemical class CC[SiH3] KCWYOFZQRFCIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004693 imidazolium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005005 perfluorohexyl group Chemical class FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005007 perfluorooctyl group Chemical group FC(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068965 polysorbates Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACECBHHKGNTVPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N silylformic acid Chemical compound OC([SiH3])=O ACECBHHKGNTVPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RSNQKPMXXVDJFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrasiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH2]O[SiH2]O[SiH3] RSNQKPMXXVDJFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000721 toxic potential Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH2]O[SiH3] ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002747 voluntary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0036—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using foam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
Definitions
- Silicon-containing organic acid derivatives as environmentally friendly AFFF extinguishing agents
- the present invention relates to a fire-extinguishing foam concentrate comprising a first surfactant. It further relates to a method for extinguishing fires using this concentrate, and to the use of a surfactant as an additive to fire-fighting foams and / or fire-extinguishing foam concentrates.
- AFFF extinguishing foams Aqueous Film Forming Foams, AFFF or A3F.
- AFFF extinguishing foams water film cools the surface, acts as a vapor barrier and allows the rapid sliding and spreading of the foam on the Brandgutober Design.
- the foam blanket closes again automatically when they are e.g. is hurt by falling objects (so-called self-healing), which in turn benefits the operational success and safety of the emergency services.
- a measure of the principle spreading ability is the spreading coefficient S:
- film-forming agents used in commercially available AFFF extinguishing foams are exclusively polyfluorinated surfactants (PFTs), which are very questionable in terms of their ecological effects (persistence and accumulativity in the biosphere, climate damage in the atmosphere) and their toxic potential.
- PFTs polyfluorinated surfactants
- PFOS perfluorooctyl sulfonate
- WO 2013/034521 A1 relates to a fire-fighting foam concentrate comprising a surfactant containing at least one substituted or unsubstituted carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative and at least one oligosiloxane.
- International Patent Application PCT / EP2014 / 054287 discloses a fire-extinguishing foam concentrate comprising a surfactant containing at least one substituted or unsubstituted carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative and at least one oligosilane.
- EP 0 367 381 A2 discloses silicone surfactant compounds having increased stability at a pH above 9 or below 4 having the general formula:
- each R independently represents an alkyl or aryl group
- each R ' represents an alkylene group which preferably separates adjacent silicon atoms by up to 3 C atoms
- each R "independently of R, or, only if a 0, the group R 3 is SiR '-
- Z is a hydrophilic sulfur, nitrogen or phosphorus-containing substituent or a carboxy-functional group or salt thereof, and a has a value of 0, 1 or 2.
- the object of the present invention is to provide such concentrates.
- a fire-extinguishing foam concentrate comprising a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises an acid group and / or or deprotonated acid group and an oligosilane and / or oligosiloxane unit.
- the total molecular size of the first surfactants used according to the invention is included sufficient solubility sufficiently small; Small molecules are preferred in most applications because their diffusion coefficients are higher.
- the first surfactant is halogen-free, especially fluorine-free and can be produced as far as possible from renewable raw materials.
- the first surfactants allow the formation of a self-contained water film on the surface of the fire (eg fuel). As a vapor barrier, this water film impedes the transition of the flammable liquid into the gas phase and thus minimizes the fire that keeps the fire or fire / explosive Gas mixtures forms.
- the first surfactants have excellent durability, especially hydrolytic stability. Furthermore, they are able to significantly reduce the surface tension of the water.
- the first surfactants are preferably not derived from sugar acids.
- the first surfactant may be further described in that the first surfactant comprises an acid group and / or deprotonated acid group and an oligosilane and / or oligosiloxane moiety, wherein the acid group and / or deprotonated acid group is not part of a sugar acid radical.
- the sugar acids include the aldonic acids, uronic acids and aldaric acids.
- the fact that the first surfactant is not derived from sugar acids may also be described by the first surfactant comprising an acid group and / or deprotonated acid group and an oligosilane and / or oligosiloxane moiety and further wherein the first surfactant is at most two, preferably at most one and more preferably has no attached to a carbon hydroxyl group which is not part of a carboxyl group.
- fire-extinguishing foam concentrate in the sense of the present invention means a preparation which is added to the extinguishing water in order to obtain a quenching foam, an extinguishing water mixed with surfactants or mixtures thereof.
- the water content of the fire-extinguishing foam concentrate should be as low as possible, but for practical reasons, water may be added to reduce the viscosity of the concentrate.
- Typical addition rates of fire-extinguishing foam concentrate to water are 1% by weight, 3% by weight or 6% by weight. Smaller addition rates (for example 0.5% by weight) are also conceivable for "superconcentrates”. Selected compounds, which fall under the general description of the first surfactant, even have spreading properties.
- the acid group is a carboxyl group and / or a sulfonic acid group.
- this further comprises an alkylpolyglycoside. Preference is given to caprylic / decyl glycosides, as are commercially available under the name Glucopon.
- the mass ratios of alkylpolyglycoside to the first surfactant (or a mixture of compounds which can be labeled as the first surfactant) may, for example, be in a range of> 1: 5 to ⁇ 5: 1.
- this comprises one or more additives selected from the group consisting of foaming agents, film formers, film stabilizers, gelling agents, antifreeze agents, preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, solubilizers, buffers.
- foaming cosurfactants can be added.
- These may in particular be: linear alkylbenzenesulfonates, secondary alkanesulfonates, sodium alkylsulfonates, ⁇ -olefinsulfonates, sulfosuccinic esters, ⁇ -methyl ester sulfonates, alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol ethylene oxide / propylene oxide adducts, glycoside surfactants (these are particularly preferred, eg glucopone), lauryl sulfates , Laureth sulfates, imidazolium salts, lauriminodipropionate, acrylic copolymers.
- Suitable counterions for the anionic surfactants contained in this list are, in particular: Li +, Na +, K +, NH 4 + , N (C 2 H 5 ) 4 + .
- the foaming agent concentrate may, inter alia, be admixed with the following constituents: polysaccharides, alginates, xanthan gum, starch derivatives.
- the foam concentrate may include the following Ingredients are added: polymers, polysorbates, fatty acid esters, carbohydrate amphiphiles. Antifreeze:
- the foaming agent concentrate may be admixed with, inter alia, the following components: ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, urea, inorganic salts.
- the foam concentrate may be admixed with, inter alia, the following components: formaldehyde solution, aliphatic and / or aromatic aldehydes, alkylcarboxylic acid salts, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid, tolyltriazoles.
- the foaming agent concentrate may, inter alia, be admixed with the following constituents: butylglycol, butyldiglycol, hexyleneglycol.
- Buffering the concentrate to a slightly basic pH is advantageous.
- Buffer systems may be, for example: potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate / sodium hydroxide, tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane / hydrochloric acid, disodium hydrogen phosphate / hydrochloric acid, disodium tetraborate / boric acid, sodium citrate / hydrochloric acid.
- the first surfactant is present in a proportion of> 0.5% by weight to ⁇ 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the concentrate.
- the proportion is> 1% by weight to ⁇ 90% by weight, more preferably> 1.5% by weight> to ⁇ 80% by weight>.
- water is present in a proportion of> 0% by weight to ⁇ 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the concentrate.
- the proportion is> 0% by weight> to ⁇ 50% by weight>, more preferably> 0% by weight> to ⁇ 20% by weight>.
- the first surfactant is described by one of the following general formulas:
- A represents an unsubstituted or substituted radical bearing an acid group or deprotonated acid group
- B represents an optional linker structure of at least one atom or chain
- C is an oligosilane radical or an oligosiloxane radical
- D is an oligosiloxane radical.
- the sub-component A according to the invention A is an unsubstituted or substituted radical which carries an acid group or deprotonated acid group.
- the acid groups are carboxyl groups and / or sulfonic acid groups.
- Subcomponent B is an optional linker substructure of at least one atom or chain, preferably of carbon and / or nitrogen and / or oxygen atoms (O-O bonds being excluded).
- This chain may be a pure alkyl chain, i.
- B is an unsubstituted or optionally alkyl-substituted alkylene radical, preferably having three, four, five, six or seven carbon atoms. Particularly preferred are propylene bridges (i.e., three carbon atoms).
- B may also contain ether, ester, amide or amine groups.
- B may contain glycerol, pentaerythritol, carbohydrates, alkylamines or carboxylic acids as a substructure.
- B contains an oligoethylene or oligopropylene glycol unit, preferably with two, three or four units.
- attachment to the radical C is preferably an ethylene or propylene unit.
- C is an oligosilane, preferably a di-, tri-, tetra or pentasilane, wherein C is explicitly not intended to be limited thereto and larger radicals should also be included.
- oligosilane refers to compounds or radicals / "partial compounds" which either
- the terminal silanes are preferably tri (m) ethylsilanes (ie they have three methyl and / or ethyl moieties or two methyl and one ethyl or two ethyl and one methyl moiety (s)).
- the individual silanes are preferably connected via methylene, ethylene or propylene bridges, particularly preferably methylene units, since these do not reduce the amphiphobicity of the total molecule too much.
- C also comprises siloxane units
- Si-O-Si bridges are of course present.
- C is a tri- or higher silane
- C may be linked to B (or optionally A) via one of the terminal silanes (forming a continuous chain), alternatively C may be substituted by B (or possibly A) one of the middle silanes be linked, so that forms a kind X- or T-shaped or branched structure.
- the substructures AB and A associated with C may be the same or different.
- C is described by one of the following general formulas:
- each R independently of one another, is ethyl or methyl, n (each independently) is 1, 2 or 3, and j, k, m is 1-9, where 1 ⁇ j + k + m ⁇ 10;
- each R independently of one another, is ethyl or methyl
- each X independently of one another (CH 2 ) n or O with n (each independently of one another) is 1, 2 or 3
- j, k, m is 1-9, where 1 ⁇ j + k + m ⁇ 10;
- each R independently of one another, is ethyl or methyl
- each X independently of one another (CH 2 ) n or O with n (each independently of one another) is 1, 2 or 3
- j, k is 1-9, where 1 ⁇ j + k ⁇ 10.
- C is intermediate, one of R's is changed accordingly.
- D is an oligosiloxane, preferably a di-, tri- or tetrasiloxane.
- the methyl and ethyl siloxanes or mixed siloxanes with methyl and ethyl radicals are preferred.
- C is a tri- or higher siloxane
- D may be linked to B (or optionally A) via one of the terminal siloxanes (forming a kind of "continuous chain")
- D may be combined with B (or optionally A ) may also be linked via one of the medium siloxanes, so that a kind of X- or T-shaped or branched structure is formed.
- D is derived from a di- or trihydrosiloxane
- the substructures A-B or A joined to D may be the same or different.
- D has one of the following structures:
- each R independently of one another, is ethyl or methyl and n is between 0 and 10, preferably between 0 and 5, more preferably 0, 1 or 2.
- this comprises> 0.05 mol% to ⁇ 100 mol%, based on the molar amount of carboxyl groups provided by the first surfactant, of a base.
- Preferred base proportions are> 0.07 mol%> to ⁇ 50 mol%), more preferably> 0.1 mol%> to ⁇ 5 mol%>.
- the first surfactant is selected from the following group:
- a further subject of the present invention is a method for extinguishing fires, comprising the steps of: providing a fire-extinguishing foam concentrate;
- the fire-extinguishing foam concentrate is a fire-extinguishing foam concentrate according to one of the present invention.
- the resulting mixture can be foamed and applied in a suitable form directly or indirectly to the burning site. But it is also possible to use the mixture non-foamed as so-called network water. This procedure is particularly advantageous in the control of embers.
- a surfactant as an additive to fire-fighting foams and / or fire-extinguishing foam concentrates, wherein the surfactant comprises an acid group and / or or deprotonated acid group and an oligosilane and / or oligosiloxane unit.
- the details relating to the first surfactant described in connection with the fire-fighting foam concentrate also apply in the use according to the invention. To avoid unnecessary repetition, they are not listed separately at this point.
- the Karstedt catalyst mentioned in the Synthetic schemes is a catalyst in which the active species is present as platinum (O). Hexachloridoplatinic acid in isopropanol can serve as precatalyst (Speier catalyst). If this catalyst system is reacted with additives such as 1,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1,3-divinyldisiloxane, this is referred to as the Karstedt catalyst.
- the surfactant solutions used were aqueous solutions of the carboxyl silane surfactants with optional additional Glucopon 215 UP (aqueous solution of caprylic / decyl glycoside (alkylpolyglycoside), 63 to 65% by weight of active substance content, BASF SE).
- Glucopon 215 UP has a pH (10% in 15% isopropanol) of 11.5 to 12.5.
- the base used was NaOH.
- the surface tensions were measured with a Krüss Kl 1 Tensiometer equipped with a Wilhelmy Platinum plate at 25 ° C. All solutions were prepared from a first surfactant, if appropriate a cosurfactant (glucopone), optionally base and ultrapure water (conductivity ⁇ 0.055 ⁇ S / cm). When adding the surfactant solution to the measuring vessel of the tensiometer, make sure that there is no foam on the surface.
- a cosurfactant glucopone
- ultrapure water conductivity ⁇ 0.055 ⁇ S / cm
- a consolidated series of measurements consists of at least 5 consecutive individual measurements whose standard deviation is ⁇ ⁇ 0.05 mN / m (in practice, this means approximately 10 individual measurements per consolidated series of measurements).
- cmc mean critical micelle concentration
- ⁇ LW surface tension of the water / surfactant mixture
- ⁇ WO interfacial tension between water / surfactant mixture and organic phase
- S spreading coefficient
- Example 20 investigated compound:
Landscapes
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014112851.6A DE102014112851A1 (de) | 2014-09-05 | 2014-09-05 | Siliziumhaltige organische Säurederivate als umweltfreundliche AFFF-Löschmittel |
PCT/EP2015/070046 WO2016034621A1 (de) | 2014-09-05 | 2015-09-02 | Siliziumhaltige organische säurederivate als umweltfreundliche afff-löschmittel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3188806A1 true EP3188806A1 (de) | 2017-07-12 |
EP3188806B1 EP3188806B1 (de) | 2019-12-25 |
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ID=54147144
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP15766072.1A Active EP3188806B1 (de) | 2014-09-05 | 2015-09-02 | Siliziumhaltige organische säurederivate als umweltfreundliche afff-löschmittel |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20170259099A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3188806B1 (de) |
AU (2) | AU2015310943A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2959963A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102014112851A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2707765C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2016034621A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
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RU2730074C1 (ru) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-08-17 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) | Водный раствор для тушения пожаров |
KR102219878B1 (ko) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-02-24 | 박명균 | 수계 소화약제 |
US11666791B2 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2023-06-06 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Fire-fighting foam composition |
US11673011B2 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2023-06-13 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Firefighting foam composition |
US11673010B2 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2023-06-13 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Fire-fighting foam concentrate |
EP4337342A1 (de) | 2021-05-14 | 2024-03-20 | Tyco Fire Products LP | Feuerlöschschaumkonzentrat |
US11497952B1 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-15 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Fire-fighting foam concentrate |
WO2022238783A1 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-17 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Fire-fighting foam concentrate |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1812531A1 (de) * | 1968-12-04 | 1970-06-18 | Goldschmidt Ag Th | Feuerloeschschaum-Konzentrat |
BE787502A (fr) * | 1971-08-18 | 1973-02-12 | Ici Ltd | Mousses |
GB8819567D0 (en) | 1988-08-17 | 1988-09-21 | Dow Corning Ltd | Carbosilane surfactants |
EP1915385A4 (de) | 2005-08-02 | 2012-01-04 | Univ Mcmaster | Chelierende polymere auf siliciumbasis |
US20070134283A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-14 | General Electric Company | Surfactant-based composition and associated methods |
US7601680B2 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2009-10-13 | Momentive Performance Materials | Gemini silicone surfactant compositions and associated methods |
DE102007016966A1 (de) * | 2007-04-10 | 2008-10-16 | Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh | Silicontensidzusammensetzungen und deren Verwendung zur Erzeugung von Schaum |
DE102007016965A1 (de) * | 2007-04-10 | 2008-10-16 | Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh | Verwendung von anionischen Silicontensiden zur Erzeugung von Schaum |
DE102008000845A1 (de) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh | Tensidzusammensetzungen und der Verwendung zur Erzeugung von Feuerlöschschaum |
DE102011053304A1 (de) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-07 | Universität Zu Köln | Siloxanhaltiger Feuerlöschschaum |
DE102013102239A1 (de) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-11 | Universität Zu Köln | Carbosilanhaltiger Feuerlöschschaum |
-
2014
- 2014-09-05 DE DE102014112851.6A patent/DE102014112851A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-09-02 US US15/508,865 patent/US20170259099A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-09-02 EP EP15766072.1A patent/EP3188806B1/de active Active
- 2015-09-02 CA CA2959963A patent/CA2959963A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-09-02 WO PCT/EP2015/070046 patent/WO2016034621A1/de active Application Filing
- 2015-09-02 AU AU2015310943A patent/AU2015310943A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-09-02 RU RU2017107082A patent/RU2707765C2/ru active
-
2019
- 2019-08-15 AU AU2019216681A patent/AU2019216681A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2959963A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
AU2019216681A1 (en) | 2019-09-05 |
WO2016034621A1 (de) | 2016-03-10 |
DE102014112851A1 (de) | 2016-03-10 |
RU2017107082A (ru) | 2018-10-05 |
RU2017107082A3 (de) | 2019-03-14 |
EP3188806B1 (de) | 2019-12-25 |
AU2015310943A1 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
US20170259099A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 |
RU2707765C2 (ru) | 2019-11-29 |
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