EP3182007B1 - Système d'appareil de chauffage et procédé faisant appel à un système d'appareil de chauffage - Google Patents

Système d'appareil de chauffage et procédé faisant appel à un système d'appareil de chauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3182007B1
EP3182007B1 EP16201673.7A EP16201673A EP3182007B1 EP 3182007 B1 EP3182007 B1 EP 3182007B1 EP 16201673 A EP16201673 A EP 16201673A EP 3182007 B1 EP3182007 B1 EP 3182007B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unit
combustion
characteristic curve
air
characteristic
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Active
Application number
EP16201673.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3182007A1 (fr
Inventor
Robbert DE BRUIN
Sjoerd Reijke
Tasos Karavalakis
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP3182007A1 publication Critical patent/EP3182007A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/04—Memory
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/48—Learning / Adaptive control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/12—Burner simulation or checking
    • F23N2227/16—Checking components, e.g. electronic

Definitions

  • gas and / or oil burner systems which have an adaptation unit for adapting a characteristic curve used for control, wherein an adaptation of the characteristic takes place at a certain heating power and it is assumed that the shape of the characteristic is independent of the heating power.
  • the invention relates to a heater system, in particular a gas and / or oil burner system, with a control and / or regulating unit, which is provided, a Heilierekennest combustion, especially of a mixture, in particular from a combustion air and a fuel, using at least one characteristic curve to set to a desired Gutierekennyes, and with at least one adjustment unit, which is provided in at least one operating state, advantageously a maintenance mode and / or a Kalibri mecanicsconcesschreib, the characteristic, in particular a current characteristic to adapt, in particular to update and advantageous to correct, in particular to changing and / or changed operating and / or boundary conditions and / or based on changing and / or changed operating and / or boundary conditions and preferably due to aging phenomena of the components of the heater system.
  • the adaptation unit is provided for adapting the characteristic at least two, advantageously at least three, preferably at least four, particularly advantageously at least five and particularly preferably at least six different heating outputs, in particular heating power values, modulation values and / or heating loads, in particular at least one, advantageously exactly one, heating unit to take into account.
  • the adaptation unit is provided to adapt the characteristic at regular time intervals.
  • the adaptation unit is provided to take into account for the adaptation of the characteristic curve a number of different heating powers, which is adapted to a modulation range and / or a degree of modulation of the heater system.
  • the heater system comprises a memory unit in which the characteristic curve, in particular the current characteristic, is stored.
  • the heater system may include a heater device which advantageously at least one heating unit, in particular the heating unit already mentioned above, at least one supply unit, at least one metering device for combustion air, at least one metering device for fuel and / or at least one sensor.
  • heating unit should be understood to mean, in particular, a unit which is provided, in particular, to burn the mixture, in particular from the combustion air and the fuel, in at least one operating state, and in particular to generate at least one heating flame.
  • the heating unit is designed as an oil burner and / or gas burner.
  • a "supply unit” should in particular be understood to mean a unit which is provided to supply at least one fluid and / or at least one fluid flow, in particular a combustion air flow, a fuel flow and / or a mixture flow, in particular from the combustion air and the fuel, to the heating unit ,
  • a "dosing device” is to be understood as meaning in particular one, in particular electrical and / or electronic, unit, in particular actuator unit, advantageous actuating unit, which is provided in particular for the purpose of the fluid and / or to influence the fluid flow, in particular the combustion air flow, the fuel flow and / or the mixture flow, in particular from the combustion air and the fuel, and adjust, regulate and / or promote advantageous.
  • combustion air metering device and / or the fuel metering device are intended to vary and / or modulate the heating power of the heater device.
  • the fact that an object "influences" another object should in this context be understood in particular to mean that the further object has a different state, a different course, and / or a different quantity in the case of an absence and / or inactivity of the object and / or assumes than presence and / or activity of the object.
  • the metering device for combustion air can be advantageously designed as, in particular variable-speed, fan and / or as, in particular speed-variable, fan.
  • the metering device for fuel can advantageously be embodied as a fuel pump, in particular variable in flow rate, and / or as a, in particular throughput variable, fuel valve.
  • a "sensor” is to be understood in particular as meaning a unit which is provided to detect at least one combustion signal correlated with the combustion of the mixture, in particular from the combustion air and the fuel, advantageously the air-number parameter, in particular indirectly and / or advantageously directly and / or to provide, in particular the control and / or regulating unit.
  • the sensor can be embodied as any, in particular electrical, optical and / or chemical, sensor unit, such as a temperature sensor, thermoelectric sensor, lambda probe, gas sensor, in particular carbon monoxide sensor and / or carbon dioxide sensor, radiation sensor, in particular infrared radiation sensor and / or ultraviolet radiation sensor, and / or preferably as lonisationssensor, in particular ionization electrode and advantageously flame ionization electrode.
  • the sensor is preferably arranged in a vicinity of the heating unit, in particular the heating flame of the heating unit.
  • a “near zone” should be understood to mean, in particular, a spatial area which is formed by points which each have a distance of at most 50 cm, advantageously at most 30 cm, preferably at most 10 cm and particularly preferably at most 5 cm have a reference point and / or a reference component.
  • control and / or regulating unit should also be understood in particular to mean an electrical and / or electronic unit having at least one control electronics.
  • control electronics is intended in particular a unit with a computing unit and / or with a further memory unit and advantageously with a stored in the further memory unit operating, control and / or control program, which is in particular intended to be executed by the arithmetic unit to be understood.
  • the further storage unit can be identical to the storage unit.
  • the control and / or regulating unit is provided to provide at least one control signal for setting and / or adjusting at least one of the metering devices, in particular the metering device for combustion air and / or the metering device for fuel.
  • control and / or regulating unit is in particular provided to adjust the heating power, in particular the heating unit.
  • control and / or regulating unit is provided, in particular, for providing the heating power, in particular a requested heating power and / or a desired heating power, by adjusting and / or adjusting at least one of the dosing devices.
  • an "air-flow parameter” is to be understood in particular to mean a parameter which is correlated in particular with an air ratio, in particular an air ratio of the combustion of the mixture, in particular from the combustion air and the fuel, and advantageously directly maps the air ratio.
  • the control and / or regulating unit close at least based on the Lucasierekennaise on the air ratio and / or determine the air ratio.
  • the air-fuel ratio is identical to the air-fuel ratio and / or is proportional to the air-fuel ratio.
  • the air-number characteristic corresponds to a measured variable which represents the air-fuel ratio, in particular the combustion signal, in particular of the sensor.
  • the air-fuel ratio corresponds to one, in particular direct, control and / or controlled variable.
  • a “desired air-ratio characteristic” is to be understood, in particular, as an air-figure parameter to which the air-fuel ratio is to be set, in particular by means of the control and / or regulating unit, so that the air ratio advantageously corresponds to a desired air-fuel ratio.
  • a current desired air-ratio characteristic in particular set by means of the current characteristic curve, in particular with increasing age and / or increasing service life of the heater system and / or at least the heater device, of an actual nominal Beerhoffkennyes, wherein the air ratio of the desired air ratio corresponds, deviate.
  • a "current object” is to be understood in particular as meaning a currently used and / or set object.
  • an "actual object” should be understood to mean in particular an object which is required so that the air number corresponds to the desired air ratio.
  • a "characteristic curve” is to be understood as meaning, in particular, at least one reference curve and / or a reference table having characteristic values, in particular reference values.
  • the characteristic curve maps a characteristic value against a further characteristic value.
  • the characteristic is stored as a value table in the memory unit.
  • the characteristic corresponds to a heating power-air ratio characteristic curve.
  • heating capacity-air-ratio characteristic curve should be understood to mean, in particular, a characteristic curve which maps a heating capacity against an air-fuel ratio parameter, preferably the desired air-fuel ratio parameter.
  • the air ratio characteristic preferably the desired air ratio, represented by the heat output.
  • the air ratio preferably the desired air ratio, varies with the heat output.
  • an "adaptation unit” should be understood to mean, in particular, an at least partially electrical and / or electronic unit, which preferably has an operative connection with the control and / or regulating unit, in particular at least communicating with the control and / or regulating unit is, and / or at least partially integrated in the control and / or regulating unit.
  • the adaptation unit is intended to take into account "at least two different heating powers” should be understood in particular that the adjustment unit is provided, in particular depending on an age and / or a service life of the heater system and / or at least the heater device, for adaptation the characteristic curve, in particular the current characteristic curve, to determine and / or use at least two operating values for different heating powers.
  • the operating values advantageously correspond to characteristic values of the characteristic curve and, with particular advantage, to nominal air-figure characteristics.
  • the operating values in particular stored in the storage unit, could correspond to reference operating values and experimentally, in particular by means of comprehensive tests, in particular using further heating systems and / or further heating device devices which are identically designed for the heating system and / or at least the heater device be determined by means of a simulation.
  • the operating values correspond to actual operating values at which the air ratio corresponds to the desired air ratio.
  • the adaptation unit is preferably provided for adapting the characteristic, in particular the current characteristic, the actual operating values, advantageously at least two actual values Nominal air ratio parameters, in which in particular the air number corresponds to the desired air ratio, for the at least two different heat outputs to determine and current operating values, in particular current setpoint air ratio characteristics, the current characteristic using the actual operating values, in particular directly and / or by means of interpolation and / or extrapolation between the actual operating values, and / or to replace the current operating values of the current characteristic by the actual operating values, in particular directly and / or by means of interpolation and / or extrapolation between the actual operating values.
  • the actual operating values can, in particular by means of a manual input, in particular by an operator and / or advantageously a service employee, be transmitted to the adaptation unit and / or advantageously automatically and / or automatically detected by the adaptation unit.
  • the adaptation unit is provided to change a shape and / or a course of the characteristic curve when the characteristic curve is adapted.
  • an adaptation of the characteristic at an air ratio of 1 and / or a stoichiometric combustion takes place.
  • an efficiency in particular a heating power efficiency, an environmental efficiency, an operating efficiency and / or a cost efficiency, can be improved by a corresponding configuration of the heater system.
  • an advantageously exact adjustment of the air ratio to a desired air ratio over an entire heating power range of the heater system can be achieved.
  • a service life and / or a fatigue strength can be improved, wherein advantageously an operation in an unwanted air-fuel ratio range can be avoided.
  • an optimized combustion with a stable heating flame, a minimum pollutant emissions and / or a maximum efficiency can be achieved, whereby in particular an operational safety can be increased.
  • the air-ratio characteristic corresponds to a combustion ionization signal detected in particular by means of the sensor, cost and / or complexity can advantageously be kept low.
  • the sensor is designed in particular as an ionization sensor, in particular ionization electrode and, advantageously, flame ionization electrode.
  • the adaptation unit is provided for determining in the operating state for adapting the characteristic curve in each case at least one combustion parameter for the at least two different heating outputs, and advantageous to measure.
  • the adaptation unit comprises in particular at least one calibration unit which is advantageously designed separately from the heater apparatus and particularly preferably as a portable maintenance unit and which is advantageously provided for determining the combustion parameter and / or the combustion parameters in a region of a combustion gas, in particular exhaust gas, the heating flame in particular by an operator and, advantageously, by a service person.
  • a "combustion characteristic" is to be understood in particular to be a parameter which is correlated in particular with the combustion, in particular of the mixture, in particular from the combustion air and the fuel.
  • control and / or regulating unit can conclude, at least on the basis of the combustion parameter, the presence and / or quality of the combustion and / or determine the presence and / or the quality of the combustion.
  • the combustion parameter corresponds to at least one, advantageously exactly one, the combustion mapping and / or characterizing measured value. In this way, in particular a particularly simple and / or advantageously exact recalibration can be achieved.
  • the combustion parameter could, for example, pollutant emissions, such as emissions and / or discharge of carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), at least one nitrogen oxide (NO x ), in particular nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and / or Nitrous oxide (N 2 O), correspond.
  • pollutant emissions such as emissions and / or discharge of carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), at least one nitrogen oxide (NO x ), in particular nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and / or Nitrous oxide (N 2 O)
  • the combustion parameter have a, in particular molecular, oxygen content, in particular O 2 content, and / or a carbon dioxide content, in particular CO 2 content, of a combustion gas, in particular exhaust gas, of the combustion equivalent. In this way, in particular a particularly simple adaptation of the characteristic can be achieved.
  • the adaptation unit and / or the calibration unit could, for example, have an actuating unit by means of which the combustion parameter can be set manually, in particular by an operator and / or advantageously by a service employee, in particular separately for the at least two heating powers, to a desired combustion parameter, in order to manually initiate an adaptation of the characteristic, in particular by the adaptation unit, in a set state of the combustion parameter.
  • the matching unit is provided to set the combustion characteristic using another one Characteristic, in particular automatically and / or automatically and in particular separately for the at least two heating powers to set to a desired combustion parameter and in a set state of the combustion parameter, the characteristic, in particular automatically and / or automatically adapt, in particular by determining the actual operating values and advantageous actual nominal air ratio parameters.
  • a "nominal combustion characteristic" is to be understood, in particular, as a combustion parameter to which the combustion parameter is to be set, so that the air ratio advantageously corresponds to the desired air ratio.
  • a, in particular largely autonomously operating, heater system can be provided, whereby advantageously a maintenance effort can be reduced.
  • advantageous costs can be minimized.
  • a fine adaptation of the characteristic can advantageously be achieved in this case.
  • a particularly simple control algorithm can be achieved, in particular, if the further characteristic curve corresponds to a heating capacity-combustion characteristic curve.
  • a "heating capacity-combustion characteristic curve” is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a characteristic curve which maps a heating capacity against a combustion parameter, preferably the desired combustion parameter.
  • the combustion parameter preferably the desired combustion parameter
  • the combustion parameter is represented by the heat output.
  • the combustion parameter preferably the desired combustion parameter, varies with the heat output.
  • the heater system has at least one memory unit, in particular the previously mentioned memory unit, in which at least two, in particular divergent, reference characteristic curves, advantageously at least three, at least four, at least five and / or at least six reference characteristic curves are stored for different operating periods, wherein the adjustment unit is provided to adapt in the operating condition, the characteristic curve using the reference characteristics, in particular directly and / or by means of interpolation and / or extrapolation between the reference characteristics.
  • a number of, in particular stored in the memory unit, reference characteristic curves adapted to an expected and / or expected operating time of the heater system.
  • a "reference characteristic curve” is to be understood in particular as a characteristic curve with reference operating values which, in particular at least theoretically, are the characteristic curve for setting the air-fuel ratio to the desired air-fuel ratio after a defined and / or determinable operating time should correspond and / or correspond.
  • the reference characteristic curves are thereby determined experimentally, in particular by means of comprehensive tests, in particular using further heating systems and / or further heating device devices designed identically to the heating system and / or at least the heater device, and / or by means of a simulation and advantageously already during production of the heater system and / or at least the heater device stored in the storage unit.
  • the reference characteristic curves thereby correspond to heating power-air ratio characteristic curves. In this way, in particular a simple, fast and / or cost-effective adaptation of the characteristic can be achieved. In particular, a coarse adjustment of the characteristic can advantageously be achieved in this case.
  • the heater system has at least one detection unit which is provided to monitor at least one setting parameter and advantageously at least two setting parameters, in particular for at least two different heating outputs, in particular over an operating period of the heater system, and if the setting parameter of a, in particular in the memory unit of the control and / or regulating unit and / or the further memory unit, stored, reference setting parameter, which is greater than a limit, to cause an adjustment of the characteristic, in particular by means of the adjustment unit.
  • the detection unit has an operative connection with the control and / or regulating unit and / or with the adaptation unit.
  • the detection unit is provided to output an error message and / or a maintenance message in the event of a deviation of the setting parameter from the reference setting parameter, which is greater than a limit value.
  • a "setting parameter" is to be understood in particular to mean a parameter which is in particular correlated with the air-number characteristic, advantageously the desired air-figure parameter, and / or the air-fuel ratio, advantageously the desired air-fuel ratio and / or at least the air-fuel ratio, Lucashoffkennyes, and / or the air ratio, advantageously the desired air ratio, can close.
  • the adjustment parameter is in particular correlated with an adjustment and / or operating position of at least one of the metering devices, in particular of the metering device for combustion air and / or of the metering device for fuel.
  • the heater system has at least one metering device for fuel, in particular the previously mentioned metering device for fuel, wherein the adjustment parameter of an operating position of the metering device for fuel and in particular a temporal change of the operating position of the metering device for fuel, in particular for a specified and / or definable heating capacity and a specified and / or definable air ratio.
  • the adjustment parameter of an operating position of the metering device for fuel and in particular a temporal change of the operating position of the metering device for fuel, in particular for a specified and / or definable heating capacity and a specified and / or definable air ratio.
  • the invention is based on a method with a heater system, wherein an air ratio of a combustion, in particular of a mixture, in particular of a combustion air and a fuel, using at least one characteristic is set to a desired Heilhoffkennashi and the characteristic in at least one operating state,
  • a maintenance operating state and / or a calibration operating state particularly preferably at regular time intervals, taking into account at least two different heating powers, in particular heating power values, modulation values and / or heating loads, in particular at least one, advantageously exactly one, heating unit, is adjusted, in particular is updated and is advantageously corrected, in particular to changing and / or changed operating and / or boundary conditions and / or based on changing and / or changed operating and / or boundary conditions and vorzugswe due to aging of the components of the heater system.
  • an efficiency in particular a heating power efficiency, an environmental efficiency, an operating efficiency and / or a cost efficiency, can be improved, a service life and / or a fatigue strength can be increased and thus, in particular, optimized combustion can be achieved.
  • the heater system and the method with the heater system should not be limited to the above-described application and embodiment.
  • the heater system and method with the heater system may have a different number than a number of individual elements, components, and units referred to herein for performing a functionality described herein.
  • FIG. 1 shows a heater system 10 in a schematic representation.
  • the heater system 10 is designed as a gas burner system.
  • a heater system it is also conceivable to design a heater system as an oil burner system and / or any other heater system.
  • the heater system 10 includes a heater device 32.
  • the heater apparatus 32 includes a first combustion air metering unit 28.
  • the first metering device 28 is designed as a variable-speed fan.
  • the first metering device 28 is provided to convey and regulate a first fluid flow 34, in particular at least one combustion air flow.
  • the first metering device 28 is connected to a first supply line for combustion air.
  • the heater device 32 includes a second meter 30 for fuel.
  • the second metering device 30 is designed as a throughput variable and electronic fuel valve.
  • the second metering device 30 is designed as a control valve.
  • the second metering device 30 is intended to convey and regulate a second fluid stream 36, in particular a fuel stream.
  • the second metering device 30 is intended to convey and regulate a gas flow.
  • the second metering device 30 is connected to a second feed line for fuel.
  • the fuel in this case corresponds to natural gas. Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable that a fuel corresponds to liquid gas.
  • the heater device 32 has a supply unit 38.
  • the supply unit 38 comprises a plurality of fluid paths.
  • the supply unit 38 comprises a combustion air path.
  • the combustion air path is provided to guide the first fluid stream 34.
  • the supply unit 38 further includes a fuel path.
  • the fuel path is provided to guide the second fluid stream 36.
  • the supply unit 38 comprises a mixture flow path.
  • the mixture flow path is provided to mix the first fluid stream 34 with the second fluid stream 36. Accordingly, the Gemischstromweg is provided to lead a mixture stream 40.
  • the heater device 32 comprises a heating unit 42.
  • the heating unit 42 is provided to burn in at least one operating state, a mixture of the combustion air and the fuel, in particular to generate a heating flame 44.
  • the heating unit 42 is connected to the supply unit 38, in particular the Gemischstromweg.
  • the heating unit 42 is provided to generate the heating flame 44 in a combustion chamber of the heater device 32.
  • the heating flame 44 generates a combustion gas, in particular exhaust gas.
  • the heater device 32 includes an ignition unit (not shown), which is in particular provided to provide a pilot flame for the heating unit 42. Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable to dispense with an ignition unit.
  • the heater device 32 further includes a sensor 46.
  • the sensor 46 is disposed in the combustion chamber of the heater device 32. In the present case, the sensor 46 is arranged in a vicinity of the heating flame 44 of the heating unit 42.
  • the sensor 46 is formed as a flame ionization electrode.
  • the sensor 46 is provided to detect combustion, in particular of the mixture flow 40, and in particular to provide a combustion signal correlated with the combustion.
  • the sensor 46 is provided in the present case to detect a Lucasierekenneptic the combustion.
  • the air number characteristic corresponds to a control and / or controlled variable. In the present case, the air ratio corresponds to an ionization signal of the combustion.
  • the sensor 46 makes use of the fact that flames conduct electricity when an electrical voltage is applied. Alternatively, it is conceivable to use a sensor with a plurality of sensor elements. Furthermore, it is conceivable to use a sensor designed differently from a flame ionization electrode and / or to arrange a sensor in another region of a heater device.
  • the heater device 32 has a control and / or regulating unit 12.
  • the control and / or regulating unit 12 is provided to control an operation of the heater device 32.
  • the control and / or regulating unit 12 has a memory unit 20.
  • the control and / or regulating unit 12 has an arithmetic unit and an operating program stored in the memory unit 20, which is intended to be executed by the arithmetic unit.
  • the control and / or regulating unit 12 is provided to set a, in particular requested, heating power P and / or to provide.
  • the control and / or regulating unit 12 has an electrical connection with the first metering device 28 and the second metering device 30.
  • control and / or regulating unit 12 is provided to the first fluid flow 34 and the second fluid flow 36 by means of the first Doser 28 and the second meter 30 to adjust independently. Furthermore, the control and / or regulating unit 12 has an electrical connection with the sensor 46. The control and / or regulating unit 12 is provided to provide drive signals for setting the first dosing device 28 and the second dosing device 30. In addition, the control and / or regulating unit 12 is provided to set an air ratio to a desired air ratio ⁇ .
  • control and / or regulating unit 12 is provided for setting the air-frequency characteristic of the sensor 46 to a desired air-fuel ratio I ⁇ , in particular such that the air-ratio corresponds to the desired air-fuel ratio ⁇ . Accordingly, the control and / or regulating unit 12 is provided to directly control the Heilierekennaise and / or to regulate and the air ratio indirectly. In the present case, the control and / or regulating unit 12 is provided in at least one operating state to adjust the heating power P of the heating unit 42 in the manner of a control and using the Lucasierekennulate of the sensor 46, in particular by means of a control of the first meter 28 and the second Dosing device 30.
  • the control and / or regulating unit 12 is provided to set the air- ratio characteristic using a characteristic curve 14 to the desired air-fuel ratio parameter I ⁇ (cf. FIG. 3 ).
  • the characteristic curve 14 is stored as a value table in the memory unit 20.
  • a control and / or regulating unit could communicate with other components of a heater device by means of radio and / or in another manner known per se.
  • FIG. 2 shows a possible curve of the desired air ratio ⁇ as a function of the heating power P.
  • the desired air ratio ⁇ is shown on an ordinate axis 80.
  • the heating power P is shown in%.
  • a curve 84 shows an exemplary course of the desired air ratio ⁇ as a function of the heating power P.
  • the desired air ratio ⁇ in the present case corresponds to 1.3.
  • the desired air ratio ⁇ for heat outputs P decreases by more than 70%, as a result of which the combustion can be optimized.
  • FIG. 3 shows the characteristic curve 14, in particular for the use of natural gas.
  • the characteristic curve 14 is designed as a heating capacity-air ratio characteristic curve.
  • the characteristic curve 14 corresponds while a characteristic curve for the desired air ratio ⁇ of 1.3.
  • a characteristic curve for another air ratio such as, for example, the air ratio 1.0 and / or any other air ratio.
  • the nominal air-fuel ratio I ⁇ in ⁇ A is shown.
  • the desired air-fuel ratio parameter I ⁇ corresponds to a first characteristic value of the characteristic curve 14.
  • the heating power P in% is shown on an abscissa axis 50.
  • the heating power P corresponds to a second characteristic value of the characteristic curve 14.
  • a curve 52 shows an exemplary curve of the characteristic curve 14.
  • the nominal air-figure characteristic parameter I ⁇ is represented by the heating power P.
  • FIG. 3 shows, the target Heilresskennlose I ⁇ with the heating power P.
  • the control and / or regulating unit 12 is provided to remove depending on a requested heating power P an associated target Heilierekennaise I ⁇ from the characteristic curve 14 and / or read and the Heilierekennies set to this target air ratio characteristic I ⁇ , in particular in the manner of a scheme.
  • the characteristic curve 14 and / or the curve 52 corresponds to a characteristic curve which was originally stored in the memory unit 20 and in particular when the heater device 32 is manufactured. Accordingly, the characteristic curve 14, in particular the desired air-fuel ratio parameter I ⁇ for the corresponding heating power P, at least at the beginning and / or in the case of a new heater device 32, forms the desired air-fuel ratio directly. In this case, a current characteristic curve corresponds to an actual characteristic curve.
  • the characteristic curve 14, in particular the current characteristic curve deviates increasingly from an actual characteristic curve due to aging processes, in particular of the sensor 46.
  • nominal air-fuel ratio parameter I ⁇ in particular current setpoint air-fuel ratio
  • An operation of the heater system 10, in particular the heater device 32 in this case leads to increased pollutant emissions, acoustic disturbances, overheating problems and / or a shortened life.
  • the heater system 10 includes a detection unit 26, particularly for indirect detection of such aging variations.
  • the detection unit 26 has an operative connection with the second doser 30.
  • the detection unit 26 has an electrical connection with the second metering device 30.
  • the detection unit 26 has an operative connection with the control and / or regulating unit 12.
  • the detection unit 26 has an electrical connection to the control and / or regulating unit 12.
  • the detection unit 26 is provided to monitor a plurality of setting parameters for a plurality of different heating powers P.
  • the detection unit 26 is provided to monitor an operating position of the second metering device 30, in particular a valve opening position.
  • the Einstellkenn the operating position of the second meter 30 corresponds.
  • the Einstellkenn bland is correlated with the desired Heilierekenn réelle I ⁇ .
  • the detection unit 26 is further provided to compare the Einstellkennerie with a reference Einstellkennucc.
  • the reference setting parameter corresponds to an initial, in particular initially stored in the memory unit 20, operating position of the second meter 30.
  • the detection unit 26 is thus intended to detect a current operating position of the second meter 30 at a certain heat output P and the initial operating position of the second meter 30 for this heating power P to compare.
  • the detection unit 26 is provided to cause an adjustment of the characteristic curve 14 in the event of a deviation ⁇ of the setting parameter from the reference setting parameter, which is greater than a limit value.
  • a detection unit for example, automatically after a certain and / or determinable time duration, in particular operating time, an adaptation of a characteristic curve for setting a Beerierekennaise to a desired Heilierekennmother done and / or an adjustment of the characteristic be prompted.
  • a detection unit is provided to output an error message and / or a maintenance message in the event of a deviation of a setting parameter from a reference setting parameter, which is greater than a limit value.
  • FIG. 4 shows a deviation ⁇ of the setting parameter from the reference setting parameter and in particular the current operating position to the initial operating position for six different heating powers P.
  • An ordinate axis 54 shows the deviation ⁇ of the setting parameter from the reference setting parameter in%.
  • An operating time T of the heater device 32 in hours is shown on an abscissa axis 56.
  • a curve 58 shows by way of example a time profile of the deviation ⁇ of the setting parameter from the reference setting parameter for a heating power P of at least 80% and advantageously a maximum heating power P.
  • FIG. 4 shows that the deviation ⁇ of the setting parameter from the reference setting parameter, in particular at least for the curve 58, increases with the operating time T.
  • This trend is correlated with a change in the actual nominal air-figure parameter, in the present case in particular a decreasing trend of the actual nominal air-figure parameter.
  • the heater system 10 comprises an adaptation unit 16.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is at least partially integrated into the heater device 32.
  • the adaptation unit 16 has at least one active connection with the control and / or regulating unit 12.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is at least partially integrated into the control and / or regulating unit 12.
  • a part of the adaptation unit 16 integrated in the control and / or regulating unit 12 corresponds to a control unit 60 of the adaptation unit 16.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is provided to take into account at least two different heating powers P for adaptation of the characteristic curve 14.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is provided to take into account for the adaptation of the characteristic curve 14 at least six different heating powers P.
  • a number of the different heating powers P is adapted to a modulation range of the heater device 32.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is provided in at least one operating state, in particular during a normal operation of the heater device 32, for a coarse adjustment of the characteristic curve 14, in particular taking into account at least two different heating powers P.
  • a "coarse adjustment” should be understood to mean, in particular, an adjustment whereby a current desired air-ratio characteristic and / or an adjusted desired air-data parameter may deviate from an actual desired air-data parameter, but a trend and / or a tendency of the adjustment correspond to FIG actual nominal air ratio.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is provided in the present case in at least one further operating state, in particular a maintenance operating state, for a fine adaptation of the characteristic curve 14, in particular taking into account at least two different heating powers P.
  • a "fine adjustment" is intended in particular to mean at least substantially exact, in particular a setting that is exact, at least within the scope of production engineering possibilities and / or within the framework, in particular for proper operation, permissible tolerances, wherein a current desired air-fuel ratio corresponds to an actual desired air-fuel ratio.
  • the reference characteristic curves 22, 24 are stored in the memory unit 20 of the control and / or regulating unit 12 (cf. FIG. 5 ).
  • the reference characteristic curves 22, 24 respectively correspond to a heating power-air-ratio characteristic curve for different operating periods T of the heater device 32.
  • the reference characteristic curves 22, 24 are determined in the present case by means of a simulation and already during the production of the heater system 10 and / or the heater device 32 stored in the memory unit 20.
  • the reference characteristic curves 22, 24 define reference nominal air- figure characteristics I ⁇ R and correspond at least substantially to actual nominal air-figure characteristics at least for the respective operating period T.
  • the adaptation unit 16, in particular the control unit 60 of the adaptation unit 16 is provided for this purpose, in particular in the case of one Caused by the detection unit 26 and / or at regular time intervals, the characteristic curve 14 using the reference characteristics 22, 24 adapt.
  • the adaptation unit 16, in particular the control unit 60 of the adaptation unit 16 is provided for the characteristic curve 14, in particular as a function of an operating time T and / or the stored reference characteristic curves 22, 24, directly and / or by means of interpolation and / or extrapolation between the reference characteristics 22, 24 adapt.
  • reference characteristic curves it is conceivable to update reference characteristic curves at regular intervals and / or to store them in a storage unit of a heating system after a certain period of operation and / or during maintenance.
  • a different number of reference characteristic curves could also be stored in a memory unit, such as at least three, at least four and / or at least six reference characteristic curves.
  • FIG. 5 shows by way of example the reference characteristics 22, 24, in particular for the use of natural gas.
  • the reference characteristic curves 22, 24 each correspond to a characteristic curve for the nominal air ratio ⁇ of 1.3.
  • a characteristic curve for another air ratio such as, for example, the air ratio 1.0 and / or any other air ratio.
  • liquefied petroleum gas as fuel, which changes the course of the characteristic curves.
  • On an ordinate axis 62 reference nominal air ratio I ⁇ R in ⁇ A is shown.
  • abscissa axis 64 the heating power P is shown in%.
  • a curve 66 shows an exemplary course of a first reference characteristic curve 22 of the reference characteristic curves 22, 24.
  • the first reference characteristic curve 22 and / or the curve 66 corresponds to a characteristic originally stored in the memory unit 20, in particular when the heater device 32 is manufactured , Accordingly, the first reference characteristic curve 22 in the present case corresponds to the characteristic curve 14.
  • a curve 68 shows an exemplary profile of a second reference characteristic curve 24 of the reference characteristic curves 22, 24.
  • the second reference characteristic curve 24 and / or the curve 68 corresponds to one simulated characteristic for an operating time T of the heater device 32 of 1145 hours.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is provided in a maintenance operating state for a fine adjustment of the characteristic curve 14.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is provided to determine a combustion parameter for at least two different heating powers P.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is provided for determining a combustion parameter for at least six different heating powers P.
  • the combustion parameter corresponds to a carbon dioxide content, in particular a CO 2 content, of the combustion gas, in particular of the exhaust gas, the heating flame 44.
  • the adaptation unit 16 comprises a calibration unit 70.
  • the calibration unit 70 is formed separately from the heater device 32.
  • the calibration unit 70 corresponds to an external and in particular portable maintenance device.
  • the calibration unit 70 has an operative connection with the control unit 60 of the adaptation unit 16.
  • the calibration unit 70 has an operative connection with the control and / or regulating unit 12.
  • the calibration unit 70 and the control and / or regulating unit 12 each have at least one connection interface for communication.
  • a communication between the calibration unit 70 and the control and / or regulating unit 12 is in particular wired and / or advantageously wireless.
  • the calibration unit 70 is provided for determining the combustion characteristic.
  • the calibration unit 70 at least in the maintenance mode and in particular in the present case temporarily, advantageously by a service employee, arranged in the combustion gas and / or introduced into the combustion gas.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is provided for setting the combustion parameter determined in particular by the calibration unit 70 to a desired combustion parameter Ec.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is provided to set the combustion parameter separately and in particular for several, in the present case in particular six, heating powers P individually to the desired combustion characteristic Ec.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is provided to set the combustion parameter at least substantially automatically and / or automatically to the desired combustion parameter Ec.
  • the calibration unit 70 comprises at least one further memory unit 72 in which a further characteristic curve 18 is stored (cf. FIG. 6 ).
  • the further characteristic curve 18 corresponds to a heating capacity-combustion characteristic curve.
  • the adaptation unit 16 In a set operating state, in particular in an operating state in which the combustion parameter corresponds to the desired combustion parameter Ec, the adaptation unit 16 is provided to determine an actual nominal air-figure parameter, in particular by means of the sensor 46, for the corresponding heating power P. Subsequently, the adaptation unit 16 is provided to adjust the characteristic curve 14 by means of the actual nominal Lucashoffkennyes. The adaptation unit 16 is then provided to repeat the process for the further heating powers P. The adaptation unit 16 is provided for replacing the desired air-fuel ratio parameters I ⁇ , in particular the current desired air-fuel characteristics, of the characteristic 14 directly and / or by means of interpolation and / or extrapolation between the determined actual desired air-figure characteristics.
  • a combustion parameter could in principle also correspond to an oxygen content and / or a pollutant emission of a combustion gas.
  • an adaptation unit and / or a calibration unit could have an actuation unit for the manual setting of combustion parameters to nominal combustion characteristics.
  • a further characteristic could also be stored in a memory unit deviating from a further memory unit of a calibration unit, for example a memory unit of a control and / or regulating unit.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a curve of the further characteristic curve 18.
  • the desired combustion parameter Ec in Vol% is shown.
  • the desired combustion parameter Ec corresponds to a first further characteristic value of the further characteristic curve 18.
  • the abscissa axis 76 shows the heating power P in%.
  • the heating power P in this case corresponds to a second further characteristic value of the further characteristic curve 18.
  • a curve 78 shows an exemplary curve of the further characteristic curve 18.
  • the desired combustion parameter Ec is represented by the heating power P.
  • the target combustion characteristic Ec varies with the heating power P, in particular for heating powers P above 70%.
  • the adaptation unit 16 is provided in the maintenance operating state as a function of a requested heating power P to remove and / or read off an associated desired combustion characteristic Ec from the further characteristic curve 18 and to set the combustion characteristic to this desired combustion parameter Ec. Subsequently, the adaptation unit 16 is provided to determine the actual desired air-fuel ratio and to replace the current desired air-fuel ratio of the characteristic curve 14 by the determined actual desired air-fuel ratio.
  • FIG. 7 also shows an example of a relationship between the desired combustion parameter E c and the air ratio and / or the desired air ratio ⁇ .
  • the air ratio and / or the desired air ratio ⁇ is shown.
  • the desired combustion parameter Ec is shown in% by volume.
  • a curve 90 shows an exemplary course of the desired combustion characteristic Ec as a function of the air ratio and / or the desired air ratio ⁇ .
  • a combustion parameter could also correspond to an oxygen content, in particular an O 2 content, of the combustion gas, in particular of the exhaust gas, of the heating flame 44.
  • the FIGS. 8 and 9 show, analogous to the FIGS. 6 and 7 , By way of example a curve of the target combustion parameter Ec for the use of an oxygen content, in particular an O 2 content, as a combustion characteristic.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of a course of an alternative or additional to the other characteristic curve 18.
  • the desired combustion parameter Ec is shown in% by volume.
  • the Heating power P displayed in%.
  • a curve 96 shows an exemplary course of the characteristic curve which is alternative or additional to the further characteristic curve 18.
  • FIG. 9 also shows by way of example a relationship between the desired combustion parameter Ec according to FIG. 8 and the air ratio and / or the desired air ratio ⁇ .
  • the air ratio and / or the desired air ratio ⁇ is shown on an ordinate axis 98.
  • the desired combustion parameter Ec is shown in% by volume.
  • a curve 102 shows an exemplary course of the desired combustion characteristic Ec as a function of the air ratio and / or the desired air ratio ⁇ .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Système d'appareil de chauffage (10), en particulier système de brûleur à gaz et/ou à fioul, comportant une unité de commande et/ou de régulation (12) qui est prévue pour régler une grandeur caractéristique de débit d'air d'une combustion à une grandeur caractéristique de débit d'air théorique (Ix) par utilisation d'au moins une courbe caractéristique (14) et comportant au moins une unité d'ajustement (16) qui est prévue pour ajuster la courbe caractéristique (14) dans au moins un état de fonctionnement,
    dans lequel l'unité d'ajustement (16) est prévue pour tenir compte d'au moins deux puissances de chauffage différentes (P) afin d'ajuster la courbe caractéristique (14), caractérisé par au moins une unité de stockage (20) dans laquelle sont stockées au moins deux courbes caractéristiques de référence (22, 24) pour des durées de fonctionnement différentes (T), dans lequel l'unité d'ajustement (16) est prévue pour ajuster la courbe caractéristique (14) par utilisation des courbes caractéristiques de référence (22, 24) dans l'état de fonctionnement.
  2. Système d'appareil de chauffage (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la courbe caractéristique (14) correspond à une courbe caractéristique de puissance de chauffage - grandeur caractéristique de débit d'air.
  3. Système d'appareil de chauffage (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la grandeur caractéristique de débit d'air correspond à un signal d'ionisation de la combustion.
  4. Système d'appareil de chauffage (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, pour l'ajustement de la courbe caractéristique (14), l'unité d'ajustement (16) est prévue pour déterminer respectivement au moins une grandeur caractéristique de combustion pour les au moins deux puissances de chauffage différentes (P) dans l'état de fonctionnement.
  5. Système d'appareil de chauffage (10) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la grandeur caractéristique de combustion correspond à une teneur en oxygène et/ou en dioxyde de carbone d'un gaz de combustion résultant de la combustion.
  6. Système d'appareil de chauffage (10) selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'ajustement (16) est prévue pour régler la grandeur caractéristique de combustion à une grandeur caractéristique de combustion théorique (Ec) par utilisation d'une autre courbe caractéristique (18) et pour ajuster la courbe caractéristique (14) dans un état réglé de la grandeur caractéristique de combustion.
  7. Système d'appareil de chauffage (10) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'autre courbe caractéristique (18) correspond à une courbe caractéristique de puissance de chauffage - grandeur caractéristique de combustion.
  8. Système d'appareil de chauffage (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par au moins une unité de détection (26) qui est prévue pour surveiller au moins une grandeur caractéristique de réglage et lorsqu'un écart (Δ) de la grandeur caractéristique de réglage par rapport à une grandeur caractéristique de réglage de référence est supérieur à une valeur limite, pour déclencher un ajustement de la courbe caractéristique (14).
  9. Système d'appareil de chauffage (10) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par au moins un dispositif de dosage de carburant (30), dans lequel la grandeur caractéristique de réglage correspond à une position de fonctionnement du dispositif de dosage de carburant (30).
  10. Procédé utilisant un système d'appareil de chauffage (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une grandeur caractéristique de débit d'air d'une combustion est réglée à une grandeur caractéristique de débit d'air théorique (Ix) par utilisation d'une courbe caractéristique (14) et la courbe caractéristique (14) est ajustée en tenant compte d'au moins deux puissances de chauffage différentes (P) dans au moins un état de fonctionnement.
EP16201673.7A 2015-12-18 2016-12-01 Système d'appareil de chauffage et procédé faisant appel à un système d'appareil de chauffage Active EP3182007B1 (fr)

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DE102015225886.6A DE102015225886A1 (de) 2015-12-18 2015-12-18 Heizgerätesystem und Verfahren mit einem Heizgerätesystem

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EP3182007B1 true EP3182007B1 (fr) 2019-02-20

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DE102018132864A1 (de) * 2018-12-19 2020-06-25 Hammelmann GmbH Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Heißwasser-Hochdruck-Strahleinrichtung
GB2599423A (en) * 2020-10-01 2022-04-06 Bosch Thermotechnology Ltd Uk Method for operating a combustion device, combustion device and heater
WO2024105464A1 (fr) * 2022-11-17 2024-05-23 Ariston S.P.A. Procédé de commande de l'état d'exécution d'un système de chauffage

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DE19618573C1 (de) 1996-05-09 1997-06-26 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Betrieb eines Gasbrenners
DE59604283D1 (de) * 1995-10-25 2000-03-02 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Schaltung zur Regelung eines Gasbrenners
DE19627857C2 (de) 1996-07-11 1998-07-09 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Gasgebläsebrenners
DE19831648B4 (de) * 1998-07-15 2004-12-23 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur funktionalen Adaption einer Regelelektronik an ein Gasheizgerät
DE19853567A1 (de) * 1998-11-20 2000-05-25 Kromschroeder Ag G Verfahren zur Luftzahlregelung eines vollvormischenden Gasbrenners
DE10003819C1 (de) * 2000-01-28 2001-05-17 Honeywell Bv Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gasbrenners
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DE10307131A1 (de) * 2003-02-20 2004-09-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizgerät und zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren
CH700427B1 (de) * 2007-09-12 2010-08-31 Thermmix Ag Verfahren zum Steuern eines Verdampferbrenners.
EP2667097B1 (fr) 2012-05-24 2018-03-07 Honeywell Technologies Sarl Procédé de fonctionnement d'un brûleur à gaz
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