WO2019091619A1 - Procédé de régulation d'un appareil de chauffage fonctionnant avec du gaz combustible - Google Patents

Procédé de régulation d'un appareil de chauffage fonctionnant avec du gaz combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019091619A1
WO2019091619A1 PCT/EP2018/073517 EP2018073517W WO2019091619A1 WO 2019091619 A1 WO2019091619 A1 WO 2019091619A1 EP 2018073517 W EP2018073517 W EP 2018073517W WO 2019091619 A1 WO2019091619 A1 WO 2019091619A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
gas
volume flow
blower
fan
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/073517
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Enno Jan Vrolijk
Jan Dannemann
Hartmut Hennrich
Jens Hermann
Hans-Joachim Klink
Stephan Wald
Original Assignee
Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh filed Critical Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh
Priority to EP18772741.7A priority Critical patent/EP3707433A1/fr
Publication of WO2019091619A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019091619A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/005—Regulating air supply or draught using electrical or electromechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/08—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems
    • F23N3/082—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N2005/181—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a fuel gas operated heater.
  • engine operating parameters of a blower motor of the air volume flow generating blower are detected and evaluated.
  • blower pressure Differential pressure
  • the electrical current consumption of the blower motor it is possible to deduce immediately the supplied motor torque and the generated differential pressure.
  • SEN From the fan speed results in a certain air volume flow characteristic.
  • the differential pressure generated by the blower decreases with increasing air volume flow. Even in the event of a malfunction of the heater, for example, by a clogged exhaust path or a clogged heat exchanger on the burner of the heater, the funded air flow decreases. At constant fan speed reduces the electrical power consumption of the fan motor.
  • the prior art is also a combustion control according to the so-called.
  • SCOT method in which the control of the amount of air supplied to the burner of the heater according to the burner performance.
  • a flame signal measurement is carried out by means of an ionisation sensor and the gas-air mixture is regulated to a nominal ionization measured value stored in a characteristic curve.
  • the flame signal drops sharply at low burner outputs and the control therefore becomes unreliable.
  • the adaptation effort, especially for adjusting the burner geometry is high and the burner performance can only be determined inaccurately on the fan speed of the air flow for the gas-air mixture supplying blower.
  • a problem of the control methods is also that different types of gas, e.g. Natural gas or LPG, as well as gas qualities are used.
  • the parameters of the control method must be adapted to the type of gas or gas quality, otherwise the combustion will be unclean.
  • the air ratio is in practice preferably different for different burner performance points and for different gas families (eg natural gas or LPG). As a rule, this relationship is stored in the form of power-dependent ⁇ characteristic curves in the control unit. Automatic selection of the correct characteristic requires automatic gas detection.
  • the calorific value of the different gases corresponds approximately to the value of the air requirement L. This relationship is used for the pilot control of the modulating combustion air blower to a desired burner performance. Since all gases change their volume under different temperatures and pressures, the conditions listed above only apply under the same pressure and temperature conditions. However, in the case of gas and air conditions, which differ in practice, either the respective mass flow or correspondingly corrected volumetric flows must be used to control the combustion process (example: at a temperature increase of 30 K, air expands by 10% without more air molecules on the air) Combustion process would be involved, so that without correction the air ratio would decrease by 10%).
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for controlling a fuel gas operated heater, with which the air flow rate and the air ratio affecting disturbances of the heater can be compensated.
  • a method for controlling a generated by a fan air flow rate of a supplied to a burner of a gas-fired heater gas-air mixture in which the blower driven by an electric motor and the output of the electric motor in operation engine power via its electrical power consumption and a Blower speed of the fan can be detected. From a value of the electric current consumption, a pressure difference between ambient pressure and burner pressure generated by the fan is determined directly via a characteristic field. In the event of a fault, the motor power is controlled by adjusting the electrical power consumption to a new operating point. Subsequently, the fan speed resulting from the adjustment is measured at the new operating point, and the values of the pressure difference and the air volume flow at the new operating point resulting from the adjustment are determined by the resulting fan speed and the adjusted electrical current consumption.
  • the invention uses for the control of the fact that the ratio of the electric current consumption of the fan electric motor and the fan speed is almost constant regardless of the pressure difference and the engine power at an air volume flow to be delivered.
  • the fan speed can be adjusted according to the change in the air flow rate due to the disturbance.
  • Fan characteristics are determined.
  • the fan characteristics provide fan speed operating points, blower motor electrical power consumption, and air flow rate under different load conditions and constant differential pressure.
  • the control unit can determine and control the corresponding air volume flow as a function of the respective electrical power consumption and fan speed.
  • the method comprises a maximum pressure limitation for a maximum pressure generated by the fan, in which the regulation of the engine power in dependence on the pressure differences, e.g. by increasing the flow resistance of the heat exchanger or the exhaust path before and after the change in the electrical power consumption to a new operating point.
  • the control unit can limit the air volume flow determined from the blower characteristics for this purpose so that a permissible blower pressure is not exceeded.
  • the pressure differences are determined from a comparison of pressure difference characteristics of the map before and after the change of the electrical power consumption to the new operating point.
  • the characteristic map used for the method comprises blower characteristics which characterize the dependence of the air volume flow generated by the blower and differential pressure with respect to its electrical current consumption.
  • the method provides that the fan is pulse width modulated and the electrical current consumption is determined over the pulse width.
  • the pulse width corresponds to the electric current consumption of the fan electric motor. This signal can be evaluated by the control unit.
  • the blower is designed in particular as a premix blower, and the air volume flow is supplied to a constant gas volume flow. The mixture of air and gas takes place inside the blower.
  • the fan speed is continuously adjusted with the current electrical current consumption of the blower. If the calculated air volume flow differs from a desired air volume flow, which is based on an air-number setpoint-power characteristic stored in the control unit, for example as a result of a fault described above, the heater can switch off, go into emergency operation and / or issue an alarm ,
  • the method further comprises steps for a first commissioning of the heater, wherein various operating points of the motor power of the fan and associated air flow rates determined by laboratory technology and stored as a standard power consumption and associated standard fan speed as air volume flow setpoint characteristic in the control unit.
  • the air volume flow setpoint characteristic curve shall, in the event of a fault and the resulting new boundary conditions, be applied at points or over the whole range in accordance with the adaptation of the engine power through the adjustment of the electrical adapted to the new operating point.
  • the invention uses the above fan speed control based on Motor Bergsparameteren also for methods for controlling a fuel gas heater using an ionisations-Sollwert- performance curve, wherein a supplied via a gas supply gas flow and a supplied via a fan airflow mixed to a gas-air mixture and with a be based on a desired burner power air ratio ⁇ supplied to a burner of the heater.
  • the current gas-air ratio is monitored by means of a lonisationsmessvon a burner flame of the burner.
  • a plausibility check is carried out, in which an ionization measurement signal of the ionization measurement method is evaluated, and in the case of a deviation from an ionization measurement signal setpoint, a mixture calibration of the gas-air mixture takes place.
  • the mixture calibration is carried out by an ionisationsstromregelung in which the amount of gas is increased so far until a maximum ionisationsmesssignal is reached at a lonisationselektrode the ionization in the burner flame. From the maximum ionization measurement signal, an ionization signal setpoint value for the air ratio ⁇ is calculated in a calibration point, and then the gas quantity is adjusted until the ionization measurement signal corresponds to the calculated ionization signal setpoint.
  • the control of the burner power of the respective heat demand request is made to the heater.
  • the required amount of air is changed by the speed-controlled fan of a control unit.
  • the fan speed essentially corresponds to the air volume flow.
  • the supplied gas volume flow is varied by an electrically modulated gas actuator or gas valve and measured by a gas mass flow sensor.
  • the regulation of the gas volume flow also takes place via the control unit.
  • the blower is preferably a premixed blower for mixing gas and air designed so that the fan delivers a mixture volume flow to the burner.
  • the gas-air mixture control is based on the continuous detection of the air volume flow through a fan speed detection and
  • the plausibility control can be determined with the inventive method, whether the optimal combustion influencing parameters such as gas type, gas quality, exhaust system, assemblies of the heater as the check valves in front of the burner or the heat exchanger work in the desired manner. Each change of these parameters influences the gas-air ratio and hence the ionization measurement signal. This in turn can be detected.
  • the optimal combustion influencing parameters such as gas type, gas quality, exhaust system, assemblies of the heater as the check valves in front of the burner or the heat exchanger work in the desired manner.
  • Each change of these parameters influences the gas-air ratio and hence the ionization measurement signal. This in turn can be detected.
  • the mixture calibration according to the invention makes it possible to adapt the air ratio ⁇ and the conversion of the heater into the optimum combustion, taking into account the parameters influencing the combustion.
  • the values of the air demand value L are known for each gas as described above.
  • the gas type determination can thus be detected automatically via the mixture calibration and stored in the control unit of the heater.
  • the control unit can then use laboratory-technically predefined control characteristics for the corresponding gas type, in particular the corresponding ionization setpoint power curve, for further regulation.
  • the control of the heater along the ionization setpoint power curve is performed, provides an advantageous embodiment of the method before, the ionization setpoint power curve by the mixture calibration over an entire power range of the heater to adjust when the lonisationsmesssignal deviates above a predetermined threshold of a lonisationsmesssignal setpoint.
  • the adjustment of the ionization setpoint power curve is carried out over its entire course by the ratio recorded at the calibration point of the mixture calibration.
  • the new ionization setpoint power curve is then stored.
  • the gas and air quantity along the stored characteristic with the corresponding performance-dependent newly set air demand value L are controlled.
  • the air ratio ⁇ is adjusted by changing the fan speed or the gas volume flow or gas mass flow until the ionization measurement signal corresponds to the calculated ionization signal setpoint. This is possible by detecting and adapting the electric current consumption of the fan electric motor or the activation of the gas actuator in a simple and very exact manner. In addition, the actual gas mass flow can be adjusted directly via the gas mass flow sensor.
  • the mixture calibration can be run in a long version and in a short version. In both variants, initially a mixture volume flow is generated at a fixed fan speed and the associated air volume flow is detected. In the short version, a maximum value of the ionization signal is determined immediately and from this a new ionization desired value for a known one is determined and adjusted. From the in this working point
  • the associated ionisation nalsollwert determined.
  • the ionisationsstromsignal is measured by the control unit and compared with the currently stored characteristic value. Subsequently, the ionization current control steps are run through and the ionization setpoint power curve is adjusted and stored as described above. In this case, the lonisation signal maximum must be determined only in exceptional cases.
  • the mixture calibration is preferably carried out at a power point of the heater, which corresponds to a range of 50-70% of its maximum power and the burner power.
  • the method includes integrating the mixture calibration into a startup procedure for cold starting the heater. Ignition tests of the gas-air mixture are carried out until a burner flame is detected via the ionization measurement.
  • the present at the time of ignition gas mass flow is kept constant and stored in the control unit.
  • the starting air requirement is determined from the ratio of the gas volume flow to the air volume flow taken from the blower characteristic curve and corresponding to the ignition speed, and the gas type is determined therefrom as described above.
  • the starting point for the next burner start is determined from the stored gas mass flow and the ignition range.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of a heater
  • Fig. 2a / 2b maps of the blower in the normal case and accident
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a heater 100 for carrying out the control method with a modulating premix blower 5, which sucks in ambient air a and mixes it with gas.
  • the gas is supplied to the premix blower 5 via a gas line, in which a gas safety valve 1, a controllable by way of example via a motor M gas valve 2 and a gas mass sensor 3 are arranged.
  • the gas inlet pressure d is adjusted to the gas control pressure c.
  • the mixture After mixing with ambient air, the mixture has the mixture pressure b.
  • an optional check valve 6 is provided in the embodiment shown. The mixture then has the burner pressure e.
  • the burner 28 with the arranged in the burner flame ionization 7 and connected to the burner housing siphon 10 to avoid the escape of exhaust gas on the condensate drainage path.
  • the heat exchanger 18 is arranged.
  • the exhaust system follows with the exhaust flap 8.
  • the exhaust gas pressure prevails f.
  • FIGS. 2 a and 2 b show characteristic diagrams for illustrating the dependence of the electrical current consumption I in% of the fan electric motor, the differential pressure ⁇ and the air volume flow V at different fan speeds n.
  • Figure 2a is the regular case without interference, in which the air flow rate V is controlled by the fan speed so that a control curves from point 1 to point 2 results.
  • Figure 2b shows the accident of a clogged exhaust path through which increases the flow resistance.
  • the air volume flow V drops from point 1 to point 2 despite the constant fan speed n (dashed curves).
  • the electric current consumption I decreases, in the case shown from 90% to 80%, and the differential pressure ⁇ increases.
  • the method according to the invention detects the shift of the operating point and compensates it by increasing the fan speed n.
  • FIG. 3 exemplary fan characteristics for determining and controlling the air volume flow through the control unit (9) for four different load conditions of the heater (100) at a constant differential pressure are shown.
  • Point 1 determines a maximum fan speed
  • point 2 a maximum burner output
  • point 3 an average value of the burner output
  • point 4 of a typical low load with very low air volume flow.
  • the stored fan characteristics can also be used to limit the maximum
  • Blower pressure can be used.
  • FIG. 4 shows the sub-process of the mixture calibration of the control method in the short version.
  • step 601 the fan speed n of the premixing blower 5 is controlled to a fixed value via the control unit 9 and the actual air volume flow vL-ist is calculated in step 300 and via speed detection and electric current consumption of the motor.
  • step 612 the ionization current control at fixed air volume flow v L-ist is carried out in step 612 by increasing the gas quantity until a maximum ionization measurement signal is reached.
  • the ionization signal setpoint for the desired air ratio ⁇ is calculated from the maximum ionization measurement signal, and the gas quantity is then further regulated in step 615 until the ionization measurement signal corresponds to the calculated ionization signal setpoint lo-soll.
  • the resulting gas in the new operating point gas mass flow is used to in step 617 using the air ratio power curve and thus the air ratio ⁇ 30 ⁇ , the air volume flow vL and the current burner power the air demand value to calculate and on the air demand value L to determine the type of gas.
  • the ionization calibration in the short version occurs with every mixture calibration.
  • FIG. 5 shows the sub-process of the mixture calibration of the control method in the long version.
  • the fan speed n of the premixing blower 5 is controlled by the control unit 9 to a fixed value and the actual air volume flow vL- is calculated.
  • the determination of the ionization setpoint nominal value lo-soll is carried out using the ionization setpoint power characteristic and the burner power P.
  • the ionization current at the ionization electrode 7 is measured by the control unit 9 in an ionization measurement method and compared with the characteristic value , If the values agree, the measured ionization current is used for further mixture calibration.
  • the ionization setpoint power characteristic curve is calibrated by the amount of gas being increased until the maximum ionization measurement signal is reached under step 612 at a defined air volume flow vL-ist. From the maximum ionization measurement signal, the ionization signal setpoint 624 (lo-soll) for the desired air ratio ⁇ (at 625) is calculated. According to step 613, the original ionization set point Performance curve lo-old over its entire power range by the ratio recorded at the calibration point of the mixture calibration corrected lo-new to the new nominal value setpoint performance curve. The new ionization setpoint power characteristic lo-new is stored in the memory of the control unit 9.
  • step 615 the gas quantity is regulated until the ionization measurement signal corresponds to the calculated ionisation signal setpoint lo-soll.
  • the resulting gas in the new operating point gas mass flow is gas is used to in step 617 using the desired air ratio ⁇ ⁇ 0 ⁇ the air requirement value to calculate and on the air demand value L to determine the type of gas.
  • ionization calibration is only performed in exceptional cases.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de régulation d'un débit volumique d'air, généré par un ventilateur, d'un mélange gaz-air fourni à un brûleur d'un appareil de chauffage fonctionnant avec du gaz combustible au moyen d'un appareil de commande par détection et évaluation de paramètres de fonctionnement du moteur du ventilateur.
PCT/EP2018/073517 2017-11-08 2018-08-31 Procédé de régulation d'un appareil de chauffage fonctionnant avec du gaz combustible WO2019091619A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18772741.7A EP3707433A1 (fr) 2017-11-08 2018-08-31 Procédé de régulation d'un appareil de chauffage fonctionnant avec du gaz combustible

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017126138.9A DE102017126138A1 (de) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Verfahren zur Regelung eines brenngasbetriebenen Heizgerätes
DE102017126138.9 2017-11-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019091619A1 true WO2019091619A1 (fr) 2019-05-16

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PCT/EP2018/073517 WO2019091619A1 (fr) 2017-11-08 2018-08-31 Procédé de régulation d'un appareil de chauffage fonctionnant avec du gaz combustible

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EP (1) EP3707433A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102017126138A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019091619A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3913285A1 (fr) 2020-05-22 2021-11-24 Pittway Sarl Procédé et appareil de commande pour faire fonctionner un appareil à brûleur à gaz

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1039139A1 (fr) * 1999-03-23 2000-09-27 ebm Werke GmbH & Co. Soufflante avec une courbe caractéristique
EP1519113A2 (fr) * 2003-09-23 2005-03-30 Vaillant GmbH Procédé pour adapter la puissance de chauffage d'un appareil de chauffage à ventilation forcée aux pertes de pression individuelles d'une conduite d'amenée d'air frais et d'évacuation de gaz d'échappement
WO2005116527A1 (fr) * 2004-05-25 2005-12-08 Webasto Ag Appareil de chauffage et procede pour regler un appareil de chauffage
WO2006000366A1 (fr) 2004-06-23 2006-01-05 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Procede pour reguler et commander un dispositif de combustion, et dispositif de combustion

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5524556A (en) * 1995-06-09 1996-06-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Induced draft fan control for use with gas furnaces
DE102010030240A1 (de) * 2010-06-17 2011-12-22 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Anpassung eines Drehzahlbereichs eines Eletromotors
DE102010046954B4 (de) * 2010-09-29 2012-04-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Kalibrierung, Validierung und Justierung einer Lambdasonde
DE102014224891A1 (de) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizgerätevorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Heizgerätevorrichtung
DE102015116458A1 (de) * 2015-09-29 2017-03-30 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Unterscheidung zweier für einen Verbrennungsprozess vorgesehener Brenngase mit unterschiedlich hohen Energiegehalten

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1039139A1 (fr) * 1999-03-23 2000-09-27 ebm Werke GmbH & Co. Soufflante avec une courbe caractéristique
EP1519113A2 (fr) * 2003-09-23 2005-03-30 Vaillant GmbH Procédé pour adapter la puissance de chauffage d'un appareil de chauffage à ventilation forcée aux pertes de pression individuelles d'une conduite d'amenée d'air frais et d'évacuation de gaz d'échappement
WO2005116527A1 (fr) * 2004-05-25 2005-12-08 Webasto Ag Appareil de chauffage et procede pour regler un appareil de chauffage
WO2006000366A1 (fr) 2004-06-23 2006-01-05 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Procede pour reguler et commander un dispositif de combustion, et dispositif de combustion

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Publication number Publication date
DE102017126138A1 (de) 2019-05-09
EP3707433A1 (fr) 2020-09-16

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